CN112388970A - Rapid forming device for ultrahigh molecular weight polymer - Google Patents
Rapid forming device for ultrahigh molecular weight polymer Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid molding device for an ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, which comprises a storage bin and a spray head arranged at the bottom of the storage bin; the heating module is used for forming a heating area with gradually increasing temperature from the top of the storage bin to one side of the spray head at the bottom; and the heating cover at least covers the spray head, and a heating chamber is formed outside the spray head. The invention provides a rapid forming device of an ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, which heats the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer to a molten state and performs extrusion forming, has large adaptive temperature interval span, strong environmental adaptability and flexible and changeable printing and forming structure, and realizes the preheating, shrinkage and temperature rise and small-hole shrinkage accelerated extrusion of the solid or powdery ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in a stock bin by arranging the stock bin into three feeding cavities; a rolling assembly is additionally arranged to roll and compact the ultra-high molecular weight polymer; meanwhile, the heating cover is arranged, so that the stability of the temperature in the space near the spray head is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer material forming, and particularly relates to a rapid forming device for an ultrahigh molecular weight polymer.
Background
3D printing is a popular concept, one of the rapid prototyping technologies, generated in the late 80 s of the 20 th century. The technology integrates multiple technologies such as mechanical engineering, material engineering, numerical control technology, laser technology and the like, and a part prototype is manufactured by adopting a material accumulation method. The principle is that firstly, modeling is carried out through Computer Aided Design (CAD) or computer animation modeling software to form a digital model, then the three-dimensional model is decomposed into two-dimensional cross sections layer by layer, and printing materials are piled up and solidified layer by layer through the software and a numerical control system to manufacture a solid product. Methods that have been used to compare mainstream include Stereolithography (SLA), Layered Object Manufacturing (LOM), Selective Laser Sintering (LS), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and the like. Compared with the traditional manufacturing method, the 3D printing technology can ignore the appearance complexity of the product part; the manufacturing is quick, the product design and the die production can be synchronously carried out, the research and development efficiency is improved, and the design period is shortened; the utilization rate of raw materials is extremely high and is close to 100 percent. Based on the advantages, the technology is increasingly widely applied to industries such as automobiles, household appliances, communication, aviation, industrial modeling, medical treatment, archaeology and the like.
The materials used for 3D printing are from plastic materials such as photosensitive resin, ABS-like, wax pattern, glass fiber and the like to metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, iron-nickel alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy and the like, the types of the materials are abundant in the past, but the materials are still different from the materials used in the traditional manufacturing process, and as a new generation of engineering plastics, the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer has a plurality of excellent performances such as high specific strength, good toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance, stress cracking resistance, impact resistance, adhesion resistance, self-lubrication and the like, so the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer plays an increasingly important role in the aspects of industrial and agricultural production, medicine, national defense construction and the like. However, such materials have extremely high molecular weights, and very long, entangled molecular chains, a melt in a highly elastic state with a melt index of approximately zero; the molding temperature range is narrow, and the oxidation and degradation are easy; the critical shear rate is low, and the friction coefficient is small, so that the forming processing is difficult.
In recent years, the laser technology has the advantages of high precision, high speed, short period, no need of a die and the like, so the application of the laser technology in the field of material processing, particularly in the rapid molding of high polymer materials, is rapidly developed, but in practical application and research, the following problems exist in the laser rapid molding of ultrahigh molecular weight polymers:
the first, ultra-high molecular weight polymer is in a discrete packed powder state prior to molding, with a large number of voids between the powder particles. Since air is a poor conductor of heat, it can interfere with the conduction of heat during the molding process. In addition, the fluidity of the polymer in a molten state is extremely poor, the change of relative positions among particles is small, a large number of air holes exist in the formed part, the density is low, and the forming quality is seriously influenced.
Secondly, the processing temperature range of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is narrow, and the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is more sensitive to laser energy density and sintering position temperature. When the laser energy density is high, the temperature of the sintering position is too high, so that the polymer is oxidized and decomposed, and a chain scission reaction is generated to form double bonds, free radicals and the like. The cleavage of the molecular bond leads to a reduction in the properties of the shaped parts. Meanwhile, the molecular chain is also closely related to the crystallinity, which affects the rigidity, tensile strength, hardness, heat resistance, solvent resistance, air tightness, chemical corrosion resistance and the like of the product, and sometimes even directly results in the waste of the formed part.
Chinese patent application No. CN201410181568.8 discloses a high molecular material ultraviolet laser 3D printing method and device for precise temperature control. The device comprises: the device comprises a thermostat, a laser head, a non-contact temperature monitoring device, a scanning galvanometer, a processing platform, a powder laying device, a processing material and a computer control system. The laser head adopts a double-tube-core structure, the inner tube and the outer tube are coaxially fixed, one or more gradually-changed neutral filters are fixed between the two tubes, and the laser transmittance of the filters is reduced from the inner tube to the appearance in the radial direction.
Chinese patent with application number cn201510428966.x discloses a device and method for realizing laser rapid prototyping of ultra-high molecular weight polymers, and the device comprises: a laser emitting end for emitting a laser beam for irradiating and melting the ultra-high molecular weight polymer powder; the compression roller is used for compacting the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer at the laser beam sintering position; the infrared thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature change of the sintering position; the signal processing device is used for feeding back a process parameter adjusting signal to the main control system according to the temperature signal; and the main control system controls the laser emitting end and the press roller according to the technological parameter adjusting signal.
Although the prior art provides a method for rapidly forming an ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, many problems still exist in practical application, for example, the prior art adopts a laser sintering powder bed mode to achieve rapid forming of the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, the laser of the method can only provide a temperature difference of 20-30 degrees, a material with a large span temperature difference cannot be printed, excessive materials are wasted in a powder paving mode, and in most cases, new and old powder are mixed for use, so that the quality of a formed workpiece is affected.
Therefore, the defects and shortcomings of the prior art need to be improved, and a rapid forming device for the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is provided, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is heated to a molten state and is extruded and formed by adopting a high-temperature melting mode, so that the rapid forming device has the characteristics of large adaptive temperature interval span, strong environmental adaptability, material saving, flexible and changeable printing and forming structure and the like, and the preheating, shrinkage heating and small-hole shrinkage accelerated extrusion and the like of the solid or powdery ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the bin are realized by arranging the bin into three feeding cavities; in addition, by arranging the heating area which is in gradient change, the problems that the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in a molten state expands and deforms and cannot be extruded are solved; the rolling assembly is additionally arranged to roll and compact the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, so that the problems of poor viscosity and poor adhesion between layers of the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer are solved; meanwhile, by arranging the heating cover, the stability of the temperature in the space near the spray head is ensured, and the problems of large heat loss, poor adhesion and poor forming quality of the extruded ultrahigh molecular weight polymer are avoided.
The present invention has been made in view of this situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem underlying the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a device for rapid forming of ultra high molecular weight polymers which overcomes or at least partially solves the above mentioned problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a rapid prototyping device of ultra-high molecular weight polymer comprises
The spray head is arranged at the bottom of the storage bin;
the heating module is used for forming a heating area with gradually increasing temperature from the top of the storage bin to one side of the spray head at the bottom;
and the heating cover at least covers the spray head, and a heating chamber is formed outside the spray head.
The movement track of the heating cover is synchronous with the movement track of the spray head;
in one embodiment, the heating cover is a heating chamber with a sealed peripheral wall and an opened bottom;
the spray head extends into the heating chamber from the top of the heating cover;
in one embodiment, a plurality of heating parts are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the top of the heating cover;
an air supply fan is arranged on the outer side of the top of the heating cover corresponding to the heating part;
in one embodiment, the heating temperature of the heating section is between 25 ℃ and 300 ℃;
in one embodiment, the connection of the heating mantle and the rapid prototyping device is a detachable connection.
In addition, also includes
The rolling assembly is used for compacting the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head;
in one embodiment, the roll-on-roll assembly comprises
The first fixed seat is connected with the storage bin and/or the spray head;
the second fixed seat is connected with the first fixed seat;
the compression roller is arranged inside the second fixed seat;
in one embodiment, the compression roller is used for compacting the ultra-high molecular weight polymer by rolling on the surface of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head;
in one embodiment, the first fixing seat is a fixing structure which is connected with the storage bin and/or the spray head and is in a planar unfolding arrangement;
the second fixed seat is of at least one cylindrical hollow structure arranged on the first fixed seat;
the compression roller is a ball capable of rolling in the second fixed seat;
in one embodiment, the number of the second fixing seats on the first fixing seat is 4 to 32;
in one embodiment, the second fixing seat is detachably connected with the first fixing seat.
Meanwhile, a feeding chamber which is formed in the storage bin corresponding to the heating area and has a feeding cross section which is changed from the storage bin to one side of the spray head is formed;
in one embodiment, the feeding chamber comprises a first feeding cavity, a second feeding cavity and a third feeding cavity;
the first feeding cavity, the second feeding cavity and the third feeding cavity are gradually reduced along the feeding cross-sectional area of the storage bin.
Further, at least one second feeding cavity is communicated with the first feeding cavity;
at least one third feeding cavity is communicated with the second feeding cavity.
Furthermore, the first feeding cavity, the second feeding cavity and the third feeding cavity are cylindrical structures;
in one embodiment, the first feeding chamber has a diameter of between 20 and 30mm and a length of between 100 and 200 mm;
the diameter of the second feeding cavity is between 4 and 10m, and the length of the second feeding cavity is between 15 and 45 mm;
the diameter of the third feeding cavity is between 2.5 and 6mm, and the length of the third feeding cavity is between 50 and 90 mm.
The feeding rod is matched with the storage bin and reciprocates in the storage bin along the axial direction of the feeding rod;
in one embodiment, the silo is a hollow structure, and the first feeding cavity, the second feeding cavity and the third feeding cavity are arranged in the hollow structure of the silo;
the feeding rod is of a rod-shaped structure and is matched with the first feeding cavity of the storage bin in shape;
the spray head is arranged at the bottom of the hollow structure;
the heating module is annularly arranged outside the storage bin;
in one embodiment, the feeding rod is provided with a limiting device;
the stroke of the material pushing rod limited by the limiting device is not more than the length of the first feeding cavity;
in one embodiment, the limiting device is detachably connected with the feeding rod, and the installation position of the limiting device can be adjusted along the length direction of the feeding rod;
in one embodiment, the limiting device is connected with the feeding rod in a threaded manner;
in one embodiment, the feeder rod is a plunger rod-like structure or a threaded rod-like structure.
The feeding rod is matched with the bin and reciprocates in the bin along the axial direction of the feeding rod;
in one embodiment, the cartridge includes a first annular portion and a second annular portion nested outside the first annular portion;
the first feeding cavity, the second feeding cavity and the third feeding cavity are arranged in a gap between the first annular part and the second annular part;
in one embodiment, the feeding rod is a rod-shaped structure and is matched with the shape of the first feeding cavity;
the spray head is connected with the second annular part;
the heating module is arranged inside the first annular part of the storage bin;
in one embodiment, the feeding rod is provided with a limiting device;
the stroke of the material pushing rod limited by the limiting device is not more than the length of the first feeding cavity;
in one embodiment, the limiting device is detachably connected with the feeding rod, and the installation position of the limiting device can be adjusted along the length direction of the feeding rod;
in one embodiment, the limiting device is connected with the feeding rod in a threaded manner;
in one embodiment, the feeder rod is a plunger rod-like structure or a threaded rod-like structure.
Furthermore, a discharge cavity communicated with the third feeding cavity is arranged in the spray head;
the front end of the discharging cavity is provided with a discharging hole for extruding the molten ultrahigh molecular weight polymer;
in one embodiment, the diameter of the discharge chamber is 1.5 to 2.5 mm;
the diameter of the discharge hole is 0.3-1.2 mm;
in one embodiment, the spray head is detachably connected with the storage bin;
in one embodiment, the exterior of the spray head is provided with threads that mate with the cartridge.
Furthermore, the heating zone is at least divided into a first heating zone, a second heating zone and a third heating zone from the top to the bottom of the storage bin in sequence;
the heating temperatures of the first heating area, the second heating area and the third heating area are sequentially increased;
in one embodiment, the first heating zone corresponds to the first feed chamber;
the second heating area corresponds to the second feeding cavity;
the third heating area corresponds to the third feeding cavity;
in one embodiment, the heating of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in any of the first heating zone, the second heating zone, and the third heating zone is uniform heating;
in one embodiment, within the third heating zone, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is in a molten state;
in one embodiment, the heating temperature of the heating module is between 100 ℃ and 450 ℃;
in one embodiment, the heating module is a heating wire.
After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer is heated to a molten state and extruded and molded by adopting a high-temperature melting mode, the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer printing and molding device has the characteristics of large adaptive temperature interval span, strong environmental adaptability, material saving, flexible and changeable printing and molding structure and the like, and the preheating, shrinkage and heating, small-hole shrinkage and accelerated extrusion of solid or powdery ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in the storage bin are realized by arranging the storage bin into three feeding cavities; in addition, by arranging the heating area which is in gradient change, the problems that the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in a molten state expands and deforms and cannot be extruded are solved; the rolling assembly is additionally arranged to roll and compact the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, so that the problems of poor viscosity and poor adhesion between layers of the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer are solved; meanwhile, by arranging the heating cover, the stability of the temperature in the space near the spray head is ensured, and the problems of large heat loss, poor adhesion and poor forming quality of the extruded ultrahigh molecular weight polymer are avoided.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a first schematic assembly view of an apparatus for rapid prototyping ultra-high molecular weight polymer materials in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic assembly view of the rapid prototyping apparatus for ultra-high molecular weight polymers of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic assembly view of the rapid prototyping apparatus for ultra-high molecular weight polymers of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of a magazine of the rapid prototyping apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic view of a hopper of the rapid prototyping apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a first schematic view of the rapid prototyping apparatus of the present invention in combination;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic view of the rapid prototyping apparatus of the present invention in combination.
In the figure: 1. a rapid prototyping device; 2. a storage bin; 201. a first feeding cavity; 202. a second feeding cavity; 203. a third feeding cavity; 204. a first annular portion; 205. a second annular portion; 3. a spray head; 301. a discharge cavity; 302. a discharge port; 4. a feed bar; 401. a limiting device; 5. a heating module; 501. a first heating zone; 502. a second heating zone; 503. a third heating zone; 6. a heating mantle; 601. a heating section; 602. an air supply fan; 7. a rolling assembly; 701. a compression roller; 702. a first fixed seat; 703. a second fixed seat; 9. a work table; 10. a transmission system; 11. and (5) controlling the system.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 to 3 are a first, a second and a third schematic diagrams of a rapid prototyping apparatus 1 of an ultra-high molecular weight polymer, as can be seen from fig. 1, a control system 11, a transmission system 10, a workbench 9 and the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 constitute the prototyping apparatus of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the control system 11 of the present invention includes a computer, and electrical components and related devices required for connecting with the apparatus through a data line or a wireless network device, and a heating cover 6 is omitted in fig. 1 for the convenience of viewing the structure and the relative position relationship of the rapid prototyping apparatus 1; meanwhile, since the related control such as 3D printing is mature in the art, the present invention is not described in detail, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the layered cutting of the formed workpiece, the data transmission to the transmission system 10, the corresponding control, and the like are realized through the control system 11, and the transmission system 10 includes power elements such as a servo motor or a stepping motor, and transmission components such as a belt, a pulley, a gear, and the like, which are common on a 3D printer, so the present invention is not described in detail, the transmission system 10 of the present invention mainly functions in realizing the movement of the rapid forming device 1 and the workbench 9 in a three-dimensional space, and further realizing the printing and forming of the formed workpiece, while in practical applications, the specific transmission schemes of the workbench 9 and the rapid forming device 1 do not affect the realization of the functions of the present invention, but it is sufficient if the printing can be realized in a three-dimensional space.
Further, the rapid prototyping device 1 is shown in detail in fig. 2 and 3, in order to facilitate the viewing of the detailed structure of the rapid prototyping device 1, fig. 2 and 3 are processed in a cross-sectional manner, and it can be seen in fig. 2 and 3 that the present invention is provided with the heating cover 6, wherein the heating cover 6 is provided to ensure the stability of the temperature in the space near the nozzle 3, and avoid the problems of large heat loss, poor adhesion and poor forming quality of the extruded ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the heating cover 6 is provided in a structure with an opening at the bottom, the storage bin 2 penetrates through the top of the heating cover 6 and extends into the heating cover 6, the peripheral wall of the heating cover 6 is made of a transparent material, so as to facilitate the observation of the internal condition of the heating cover 6 from the outside, in addition, the heating part 601 is further provided at the inner side of the top of the heating cover 6, the air supply fan 602 is provided at the top of the heating cover 6, so that the air of the air supply fan 602 can enter, after entering the heating cover 6 through the air inlet hole, the air sent by the air supply fan 602 drives the hot air near the heating part 601 to form a thermal loop inside the heating cover 6, the heated air pushes out the original cold air inside the heating cover 6 from the opening at the bottom of the heating cover 6, thereby ensuring the air temperature inside the heating cover 6, the heating temperature of the heating part 601 is between 25 ℃ and 300 ℃, ensuring the heat exchange between the molten ultrahigh molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head 3 and the outside world, avoiding the problem that the temperature is too fast reduced and difficult to mold, further, the discharge ends of the heating cover 6 and the spray head 3 have a certain height difference, a bulge with a corresponding height is arranged on the workbench 9 corresponding to the height difference between the heating cover 6 and the spray head 3, in practical application, the heating cover 6 can be connected with the rapid molding device 1, or can be separately connected with other transmission devices, in any connection manner, it is only necessary to ensure that the heating mantle 6 and the head 3 move synchronously, and for the convenience of printing, the heating mantle 6 and the head 3 can move mainly in the range of X, Y axes, while the table 9 moves in the range of Z axis.
Still further, because of the physical properties of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the degree of adhesion of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer between different printing layers is poor, when the heating jacket 6 is arranged, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the rolling assembly 7 is further arranged between the spray head 3 and the storage bin 2, the rolling assembly 7 comprises a compression roller 701, a first fixing seat 702 and a second fixing seat 703, the compression roller 701 can roll on the printing layer, and then the compression adhesion of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head 3 and the ultra-high molecular weight polymer of the previous layer is realized, so that the printed structure is more stable.
Fig. 4 and 5 are first and second schematic diagrams of a bin 2 of a rapid prototyping apparatus 1 of the present invention, mainly illustrating an internal structure of the bin 2, and as can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the bin 2 of the present invention is divided into two structures, which are mainly distinguished by an installation position of a heating module 5, in fig. 4, the heating module 5 is installed outside the bin 2, in fig. 5, the heating module 5 is installed inside the bin 2, and in the figure, it can also be seen that a first feeding cavity 201, a second feeding cavity 202 and a third feeding cavity 203 are arranged inside the bin 2 corresponding to the heating area;
the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202 and the third feeding cavity 203 are gradually reduced in cross-sectional area along the radial direction of the silo 2; in addition, the first feeding cavity 201 is arranged inside the silo 2; at least two second feeding cavities 202 are arranged inside the storage bin 2 and are communicated with the first feeding cavity 201; at least two third feeding cavities 203 are arranged inside the silo 2 and are communicated with the second feeding cavity 202; meanwhile, the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202 and the third feeding cavity 203 are cylindrical structures, and the bin 2 is provided with three feeding cavities, so that preheating, shrinkage and temperature rise of solid or powdery ultrahigh molecular weight polymers in the bin 2 and small-hole shrinkage and accelerated extrusion are realized; the heating module 5 is provided with three heating zones in the height direction of the storage bin 2, wherein the three heating zones are a first heating zone 501, a second heating zone 502 and a third heating zone 503 respectively, and the first heating zone 501 corresponds to the first feeding cavity 201; the second heating zone 502 corresponds to the second feeding cavity 202; the third heating area 503 corresponds to the third feeding cavity 203; the temperature of each heating zone is different, because the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is easy to expand after being heated to a molten state, and the extrusion strength is larger, the extrusion of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the molten state can not be realized by a conventional extruder, but the invention sets three heating zones of the storage bin 2, so that the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is added into the storage bin 2 to obtain a preheating process, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer can still obtain a good heating environment in the storage bin 2 while the expansion and the extrusion pressure increase of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer caused by sudden temperature rise are avoided, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is heated to the molten state in the third heating zone 503, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the molten state of the third heating zone 503 is extruded from the spray nozzle 3 by the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the second heating zone 502 and the first heating zone 501, and the proportion of the ultra-, and enough preheating space is provided, so that the problem of expansion of the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in a molten state is avoided while extrusion is ensured.
Fig. 6 and 7 are first and second schematic diagrams of the combined assembly of the rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 of the present invention, which mainly show the combination situation during the switching process of the rapid prototyping apparatuses 1, when the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in one of the rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 is completely consumed, the control system 11 starts other rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 which also contain the ultra-high molecular weight polymer, as can be seen from the drawings, each rapid prototyping apparatus 1 has at least two modes of height displacement and horizontal displacement, the height displacement transmission system 10 is implemented, the horizontal displacement is implemented by the internal combination mode of the rapid prototyping apparatus 1, the horizontal displacement of fig. 6 is implemented mainly by translation, the horizontal displacement of fig. 7 is implemented mainly by rotation, the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 which has completely consumed the ultra-high molecular weight polymer performs the height displacement first and then performs the horizontal displacement, further, the rapid prototyping device 1 containing the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is moved away from the working position, the horizontal displacement is performed first, the height displacement is performed after the ultra-high molecular weight polymer reaches the working position, and in fig. 6 and 7, only the setting position of the rapid prototyping device 1 is shown.
The ultrahigh molecular weight polymer is heated to a molten state and extruded and molded by adopting a high-temperature melting mode, the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer printing and molding device has the characteristics of large adaptive temperature interval span, strong environmental adaptability, material saving, flexible and changeable printing and molding structure and the like, and the preheating, shrinkage and heating, small-hole shrinkage and accelerated extrusion of solid or powdery ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in the storage bin are realized by arranging the storage bin into three feeding cavities; in addition, by arranging the heating area which is in gradient change, the problems that the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in a molten state expands and deforms and cannot be extruded are solved; the rolling assembly is additionally arranged to roll and compact the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, so that the problems of poor viscosity and poor adhesion between layers of the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer are solved; meanwhile, by arranging the heating cover, the stability of the temperature in the space near the spray head is ensured, and the problems of large heat loss, poor adhesion and poor forming quality of the extruded ultrahigh molecular weight polymer are avoided.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a rapid prototyping apparatus 1 for ultra-high molecular weight polymer according to this embodiment includes a storage bin 2, and a nozzle 3 disposed at the bottom of the storage bin 2; the heating module 5 is used for forming a heating zone with gradually increasing temperature from the top of the storage bin to one side of the spray head 3 at the bottom; the feeding rod 4 is matched with the storage bin and reciprocates in the storage bin 2 along the axial direction of the feeding rod 4; and a heating cover 6 which covers at least the head of the shower head 3 and forms a heating chamber outside the shower head 3.
Wherein, the movement track of the heating cover 6 is synchronous with the movement track of the spray head 3; the heating cover 6 is a heating chamber with a sealed peripheral wall and an opened bottom; the spray head 3 extends into the heating chamber from the top of the heating cover 6; a plurality of heating parts 601 are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the top of the heating cover 6; an air supply fan 602 is provided at the outer side of the top of the heating cover 6 corresponding to the heating part 601; the heating temperature of the heating part 601 is between 25 ℃ and 300 ℃, the connection between the heating mantle 6 and the rapid prototyping device 1 is detachable, for example, the heating mantle 6 can be connected with the transmission system 10, that is, connected with the frame in the transmission system 11 through bolts, further, the heating mantle 6 is connected with the frame in the transmission system 10, which controls the rapid prototyping device 1 to move along the XY axis, and moves along with the rapid prototyping device 1 in the XY axis range.
Fig. 1 to 3 are a first, a second and a third schematic diagrams of a rapid prototyping apparatus 1 of an ultra-high molecular weight polymer, as can be seen from fig. 1, a control system 11, a transmission system 10, a workbench 9 and the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 constitute the prototyping apparatus of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the control system 11 of the present invention includes a computer, and electrical components and related devices required for connecting with the apparatus through a data line or a wireless network device, and a heating cover 6 is omitted in fig. 1 for the convenience of viewing the structure and the relative position relationship of the rapid prototyping apparatus 1; meanwhile, since the related control such as 3D printing is mature in the art, the present invention is not described in detail, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the layered cutting of the formed workpiece, the data transmission to the transmission system 10, the corresponding control, and the like are realized through the control system 11, and the transmission system 10 includes power elements such as a servo motor or a stepping motor, and transmission components such as a belt, a pulley, a gear, and the like, which are common on a 3D printer, so the present invention is not described in detail, the transmission system 10 of the present invention mainly functions in realizing the movement of the rapid forming device 1 and the workbench 9 in a three-dimensional space, and further realizing the printing and forming of the formed workpiece, while in practical applications, the specific transmission schemes of the workbench 9 and the rapid forming device 1 do not affect the realization of the functions of the present invention, but it is sufficient if the printing can be realized in a three-dimensional space.
Further, the rapid prototyping device 1 is shown in detail in fig. 2 and 3, in order to facilitate the viewing of the detailed structure of the rapid prototyping device 1, fig. 2 and 3 are processed in a sectional view, and fig. 2 and 3 can see that the rapid prototyping device is further provided with a heating cover 6, wherein the heating cover 6 is arranged to ensure the temperature stability in the space near the nozzle 3, thereby avoiding the problems of large heat loss, poor adhesion and poor prototyping quality of the extruded ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the heating cover 6 is arranged in a structure with an opening at the bottom, the bin 2 penetrates through the top of the heating cover 6 and extends into the heating cover 6, the peripheral wall of the heating cover 6 is made of a transparent material, thereby facilitating the observation of the internal condition of the heating cover 6 from the outside, in addition, the inside of the top of the heating cover 6 is further provided with a heating part 601, the outside of the top is provided with an air supply fan 602 corresponding to the heating, an air inlet hole which is convenient for the air of the air supply fan 602 to enter the heating cover 6 is arranged at the top of the heating cover 6, the air sent by the air supply fan 602 enters the heating cover 6 through the air inlet hole and then drives the hot air near the heating part 601, a heat loop is formed in the heating cover 6, the originally cold air in the heating cover 6 is ejected out from an opening at the bottom of the heating cover 6 by the heated air, the air temperature in the heating cover 6 is ensured, the heating temperature of the heating part 601 is 25-300 ℃, the heat exchange between the molten ultrahigh molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head 3 and the outside is ensured within a certain range, the problem that the temperature is too fast reduced and the molding is difficult is avoided, furthermore, a certain height difference is arranged between the heating cover 6 and the discharge end of the spray head 3, a bulge with a corresponding height is arranged on the workbench 9 corresponding to the height difference between the heating cover 6 and the spray head 3, in practical application, the heating mantle 6 can be connected with the rapid prototyping device 1, and can also be connected with other transmission devices independently, no matter what connection mode, as long as it is guaranteed that the heating mantle 6 and the spray head 3 move synchronously, and meanwhile, for the convenience of printing, the heating mantle 6 and the spray head 3 can mainly move in the range of X, Y axes, and the workbench 9 moves in the range of the Z axis.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 for ultra-high molecular weight polymer in this embodiment includes a rolling assembly 7 for compacting the ultra-high molecular weight polymer extruded from the nozzle 3; the rolling assembly 7 comprises a first fixed seat 702 connected with the storage bin 2 and/or the spray head 3; a second fixing base 703 connected to the first fixing base 702; the compression roller 701 is arranged inside the second fixed seat 703; the compression roller 701 is used for compacting the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer by rolling on the surface of the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head 3; the first fixing seat 702 is a fixing structure which is connected with the storage bin 2 and/or the spray head 3 and is arranged in a planar expansion manner; the second fixing seat 703 is at least one cylindrical hollow structure disposed on the first fixing seat 702; the compression roller 701 is a ball capable of rolling in the second fixing seat 703; the number of the second fixing seats 703 arranged on the first fixing seat 702 is 4 to 32; the second fixing seat 703 is detachably connected to the first fixing seat 702.
Specifically, a person skilled in the art can adjust the compression rollers 701 with different numbers by detaching the first fixing seat 702 and the second fixing seat 703, and can also adjust the compression rollers 701 with different diameters to meet the compression requirements of different rapidly-formed workpieces, and the detachment between the first fixing seat 702 and the second fixing seat 703 can be achieved by interference or clearance fit, or by technical means such as clamping and threaded connection.
Further, due to the physical properties of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the bonding degree of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer between different printing layers is poor, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a rolling assembly 7 is further arranged between the spray head 3 and the stock bin 2, the rolling assembly 7 comprises a pressing roller 701, a first fixing seat 702 and a second fixing seat 703, the pressing roller 701 can roll on the printing layers, and then the pressing and bonding of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head 3 and the ultra-high molecular weight polymer of the previous layer are realized, so that the printed structure is more stable.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 5, the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 for ultra-high molecular weight polymer in this embodiment includes a first feeding cavity 201, a second feeding cavity 202, and a third feeding cavity 203, which are arranged inside the storage bin 2 and correspond to the heating area; the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202 and the third feeding cavity 203 are gradually reduced in cross-sectional area along the radial direction of the silo 2.
The first feeding cavity 201 is arranged inside the stock bin 2; at least two second feeding cavities 202 are arranged inside the storage bin 2 and are communicated with the first feeding cavity 201; and at least two third feeding cavities 203 are arranged inside the silo 2 and are communicated with the second feeding cavity 202.
Preferably, the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202 and the third feeding cavity 203 are cylindrical structures;
more preferably, the diameter of the first feeding cavity 201 is between 20 and 30mm, and the length is between 100 and 200 mm; the diameter of the second feeding cavity 202 is between 4 and 10m, and the length of the second feeding cavity is between 15 and 45 mm; the diameter of the third feeding cavity 203 is between 2.5 and 6mm, and the length is between 50 and 90 mm.
Fig. 4 and 5 are first and second schematic diagrams of a bin 2 of a rapid prototyping apparatus 1 of the present invention, mainly illustrating an internal structure of the bin 2, and as can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the bin 2 of the present invention is divided into two structures, which are mainly distinguished by an installation position of a heating module 5, in fig. 4, the heating module 5 is installed outside the bin 2, in fig. 5, the heating module 5 is installed inside the bin 2, and in the figure, it can also be seen that a first feeding cavity 201, a second feeding cavity 202 and a third feeding cavity 203 are arranged inside the bin 2 corresponding to the heating area;
the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202 and the third feeding cavity 203 are gradually reduced in cross-sectional area along the radial direction of the silo 2; in addition, the first feeding cavity 201 is arranged inside the silo 2; at least two second feeding cavities 202 are arranged inside the storage bin 2 and are communicated with the first feeding cavity 201; at least two third feeding cavities 203 are arranged inside the silo 2 and are communicated with the second feeding cavity 202; meanwhile, the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202 and the third feeding cavity 203 are cylindrical structures, and the three feeding cavities are arranged in the storage bin 2, so that preheating, shrinkage heating and small-hole shrinkage accelerated extrusion of solid or powdery ultrahigh molecular weight polymers in the storage bin 2 are realized.
Example four
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 5, based on the third embodiment, the storage bin 2 of the present embodiment is a hollow structure, and the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202, and the third feeding cavity 203 are disposed in the hollow structure of the storage bin 2; the feeding rod 4 is of a rod-shaped structure and is matched with the first feeding cavity 201 of the storage bin 2 in shape; the spray head 3 is arranged at the bottom of the hollow structure; the heating module 5 is annularly arranged outside the storage bin 2.
Alternatively, the cartridge 2 comprises a first annular portion 204 and a second annular portion 205 that is sleeved outside the first annular portion 204; the first feeding cavity 201, the second feeding cavity 202 and the third feeding cavity 203 are arranged in a gap between the first annular part 204 and the second annular part 205; the feeding rod 4 is of a rod-shaped structure and is matched with the first feeding cavity 201 of the storage bin 2 in shape; the showerhead 3 is connected to the second annular portion 205; the heating module 5 is disposed inside the first annular portion 204 of the magazine 2.
Further, a limiting device 401 is arranged on the feeding rod 4; the stroke of the material pushing rod limited by the limiting device 401 is not more than the length of the first feeding cavity 201; the limiting device 401 is detachably connected with the feeding rod 4, and the installation position of the limiting device can be adjusted along the length direction of the feeding rod 4; the limiting device 401 is in threaded connection with the feeding rod 4.
Further, the feeding rod 4 is of a plunger rod structure or a screw rod structure.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a discharging cavity 301 communicated with the third feeding cavity 203 is disposed inside the nozzle 3 of this embodiment; a discharge hole 302 for extruding the molten ultrahigh molecular weight polymer is arranged at the front end of the discharge cavity 301; the diameter of the discharging cavity 301 is 1.5-2.5 mm; the diameter of the discharge hole 302 is 0.3-1.2 mm; the spray head 3 is detachably connected with the stock bin 2; the outside of shower nozzle 3 be provided with feed bin 2 complex screw thread.
Particularly, discharge gate 302 of shower nozzle 3 punches through numerical control electric spark, and the outside of shower nozzle 3 can with the welding of the material cavity 301 realization of welding through argon arc, also can be through integrated into one piece, and in use, if shower nozzle 3 blocks up or some reasons cause the ejection of compact not unblocked, the accessible is changed the mode of shower nozzle 3 and is guaranteed to last the ejection of compact, also can cut off discharge gate 302 portion through line cutting, and the mode of rethread argon arc welding welds into new shower nozzle 3. This arrangement is due to the fact that the millimeter-sized discharge port 302 is less difficult to machine than the entire showerhead 3 can be replaced directly.
EXAMPLE six
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the heating zone of this embodiment is divided into at least a first heating zone 501, a second heating zone 502 and a third heating zone 503 in sequence from the top to the bottom of the silo 2; the heating temperatures of the first heating zone 501, the second heating zone 502 and the third heating zone 503 are sequentially increased; the first heating area 501 corresponds to the first feeding cavity 201; the second heating zone 502 corresponds to the second feeding cavity 202; the third heating area 503 corresponds to the third feeding cavity 203; in any heating zone of the first heating zone 501, the second heating zone 502 and the third heating zone 503, the heating of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is uniform heating; in the third heating zone 503, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is in a molten state; the heating temperature of the heating module 5 is between 100 ℃ and 450 ℃; the heating module 5 is a heating wire.
The heating zone is divided into a first heating zone 501, a second heating zone 502 and a third heating zone 503 from the top to the bottom of the silo 2 in sequence; the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the first heating zone 501 is in an original state when being put into the storage bin 2; the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the second heating zone 502 is in a transition state from an original state to a molten state; the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the third heating zone 503 is in a molten state.
The heating module 5 is provided with three heating zones in the height direction of the storage bin 2, wherein the three heating zones are a first heating zone 501, a second heating zone 502 and a third heating zone 503 respectively, and the first heating zone 501 corresponds to the first feeding cavity 201; the second heating zone 502 corresponds to the second feeding cavity 202; the third heating area 503 corresponds to the third feeding cavity 203; the temperature of each heating zone is different, because the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is easy to expand after being heated to a molten state, and the extrusion strength is larger, the extrusion of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the molten state can not be realized by a conventional extruder, but the invention sets three heating zones of the storage bin 2, so that the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is added into the storage bin 2 to obtain a preheating process, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer can still obtain a good heating environment in the storage bin 2 while the expansion and the extrusion pressure increase of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer caused by sudden temperature rise are avoided, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is heated to the molten state in the third heating zone 503, the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the molten state of the third heating zone 503 is extruded from the spray nozzle 3 by the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the second heating zone 502 and the first heating zone 501, and the proportion of the ultra-, and enough preheating space is provided, so that the problem of expansion of the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer in a molten state is avoided while extrusion is ensured.
EXAMPLE seven
The present embodiment further includes a temperature detecting device, disposed in the third heating zone 503 of the heating module 5, for detecting the temperature of the heating module 5; the shower head 3 heats the shower head 3 by heat transfer of the heating module 5 or a heating device provided in the shower head 3.
Example eight
The method for rapidly forming an ultra-high molecular weight polymer includes,
the workbench 9 is used for containing the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer extruded by the rapid prototyping device 1;
the transmission system 10 drives the rapid prototyping device 1 and the workbench 9 to move in a three-dimensional space;
the control system 11 is respectively connected with the rapid prototyping device 1, the workbench 9 and the transmission system 10 and stores the three-dimensional shape information of the prototyping workpiece;
also comprises
Step 101, filling an ultra-high molecular weight polymer into a bin 2 of a rapid prototyping device 1, placing the rapid prototyping device 1 at a working position, and connecting the rapid prototyping device with a transmission system 10;
102, selecting a required forming workpiece in the control system 11, and setting printing parameters;
103, slicing the three-dimensional body of the workpiece to be formed through the control system 11, converting the three-dimensional body into two-dimensional layered cross section information, and obtaining a motion track scanned layer by layer along the height direction;
104, starting a heating module 5 of the rapid prototyping device 1, detecting the temperature of the heating module 5 in real time by a temperature detection device, and transmitting data to the control system 11;
105, when the temperature of the heating module 5 reaches a preset temperature, the control system 11 transmits the motion track of the two-dimensional layered cross section of the formed workpiece to the transmission system 10, and the transmission system 10 moves the rapid forming device 1 to an initial position;
106, moving the feeding rod 4 from the top to the bottom of the storage bin 2 to push the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the storage bin 2, and extruding the molten ultra-high molecular weight polymer from the spray head 3;
step 1061, the control system 11 starts the heating unit 601 and the air supply fan 602 in the heating cover 6, and the heating cover 6 secondarily heats the ultra-high molecular weight polymer extruded by the nozzle 3;
step 107, the transmission system 10 finishes printing the layer according to the motion track of the two-dimensional layered cross section of the formed workpiece;
step 1071, the rolling assembly 7 compacts the ultra-high molecular weight polymer extruded by the nozzle 3 along with the movement of the rapid prototyping device 1;
step 108, after printing the current layer, the transmission system 10 moves the rapid prototyping device 1 to the initial position, and moves the rapid prototyping device 1 or the workbench 9 in the height direction to the next layer;
step 109, repeating the steps 106 to 108 until the integral printing of the formed workpiece is finished;
step 110: and taking out the workpiece to obtain a final formed workpiece.
Example nine
In this embodiment, based on the eighth embodiment, in the step 104 of this embodiment, the heating module 5 is corresponding to the bin 2 of the rapid prototyping device 1, and a heating area is formed; the heating zone is at least divided into a first heating zone 501, a second heating zone 502 and a third heating zone 503 from the top to the bottom of the silo 2; the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the first heating zone 501 is in an original state when being put into the storage bin 2; the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the second heating zone 502 is in a transition state from an original state to a molten state; the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in the third heating zone 503 is in a molten state.
Example ten
Based on the eighth embodiment or the tenth embodiment, the step 104 of this embodiment further includes a step 1041 of heating the working table 9 until a set temperature is reached; the set temperature of the table 9 is 20 ℃ to 100 ℃.
EXAMPLE eleven
Based on any one of the eighth embodiment to the tenth embodiment, in this embodiment, the preset temperature range in the step 105 is between 100 ℃ and 450 ℃; the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is one or a combination of more of wire, powder and granules.
Example twelve
Based on any one of the eighth embodiment to the eleventh embodiment, in step 1061 of this embodiment, a movement track of the heating mantle 6 is synchronized with a movement track of the nozzle 3; the heating cover 6 is a heating chamber with a sealed peripheral wall and an opened bottom; the spray head 3 extends into the heating chamber from the top of the heating cover 6; a plurality of heating parts 601 are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the top of the heating cover 6; an air supply fan 602 is provided at the outer side of the top of the heating cover 6 corresponding to the heating part 601; the heating temperature of the heating part 601 is between 25 ℃ and 300 ℃.
Fig. 1 to 3 are a first, a second and a third schematic diagrams of a rapid prototyping apparatus 1 of an ultra-high molecular weight polymer, as can be seen from fig. 1, a control system 11, a transmission system 10, a workbench 9 and the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 constitute the prototyping apparatus of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the control system 11 of the present invention includes a computer, and electrical components and related devices required for connecting with the apparatus through a data line or a wireless network device, and a heating cover 6 is omitted in fig. 1 for the convenience of viewing the structure and the relative position relationship of the rapid prototyping apparatus 1; meanwhile, since the related control such as 3D printing is mature in the art, the present invention is not described in detail, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the layered cutting of the formed workpiece, the data transmission to the transmission system 10, the corresponding control, and the like are realized through the control system 11, and the transmission system 10 includes power elements such as a servo motor or a stepping motor, and transmission components such as a belt, a pulley, a gear, and the like, which are common on a 3D printer, so the present invention is not described in detail, the transmission system 10 of the present invention mainly functions in realizing the movement of the rapid forming device 1 and the workbench 9 in a three-dimensional space, and further realizing the printing and forming of the formed workpiece, while in practical applications, the specific transmission schemes of the workbench 9 and the rapid forming device 1 do not affect the realization of the functions of the present invention, but it is sufficient if the printing can be realized in a three-dimensional space.
Further, the rapid prototyping device 1 is shown in detail in fig. 2 and 3, in order to facilitate the viewing of the detailed structure of the rapid prototyping device 1, fig. 2 and 3 are processed in a sectional view, and fig. 2 and 3 can see that the rapid prototyping device is further provided with a heating cover 6, wherein the heating cover 6 is arranged to ensure the temperature stability in the space near the nozzle 3, thereby avoiding the problems of large heat loss, poor adhesion and poor prototyping quality of the extruded ultra-high molecular weight polymer, the heating cover 6 is arranged in a structure with an opening at the bottom, the bin 2 penetrates through the top of the heating cover 6 and extends into the heating cover 6, the peripheral wall of the heating cover 6 is made of a transparent material, thereby facilitating the observation of the internal condition of the heating cover 6 from the outside, in addition, the inside of the top of the heating cover 6 is further provided with a heating part 601, the outside of the top is provided with an air supply fan 602 corresponding to the heating, an air inlet hole which is convenient for the air of the air supply fan 602 to enter the heating cover 6 is arranged at the top of the heating cover 6, the air sent by the air supply fan 602 enters the heating cover 6 through the air inlet hole and then drives the hot air near the heating part 601, a heat loop is formed in the heating cover 6, the originally cold air in the heating cover 6 is ejected out from an opening at the bottom of the heating cover 6 by the heated air, the air temperature in the heating cover 6 is ensured, the heating temperature of the heating part 601 is 25-300 ℃, the heat exchange between the molten ultrahigh molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head 3 and the outside is ensured within a certain range, the problem that the temperature is too fast reduced and the molding is difficult is avoided, furthermore, a certain height difference is arranged between the heating cover 6 and the discharge end of the spray head 3, a bulge with a corresponding height is arranged on the workbench 9 corresponding to the height difference between the heating cover 6 and the spray head 3, in practical application, the heating mantle 6 can be connected with the rapid prototyping device 1, and can also be connected with other transmission devices independently, no matter what connection mode, as long as it is guaranteed that the heating mantle 6 and the spray head 3 move synchronously, and meanwhile, for the convenience of printing, the heating mantle 6 and the spray head 3 can mainly move in the range of X, Y axes, and the workbench 9 moves in the range of the Z axis.
EXAMPLE thirteen
Based on any one of the eighth embodiment to the twelfth embodiment, the step 108 of this embodiment further includes a step 1081, where at least two rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 are used for containing the ultra-high molecular weight polymer; when the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in one of the rapid prototyping devices 1 is completely consumed, the control system 11 starts other rapid prototyping devices 1 still containing ultra-high molecular weight polymer, and jumps back to step 104 to start execution.
Example fourteen
The present embodiment is based on the thirteenth embodiment, and in the process of switching the rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 in step 1081, each rapid prototyping apparatus 1 has at least two modes, namely height displacement and horizontal displacement; after the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer is completely consumed, the rapid prototyping device 1 firstly executes height displacement and then horizontal displacement, so as to realize the separation from the working position; the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 containing the ultra-high molecular weight polymer performs horizontal displacement first, and performs height displacement after reaching the working position.
Fig. 6 and 7 are first and second schematic diagrams of the combined assembly of the rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 of the present invention, which mainly show the combination situation during the switching process of the rapid prototyping apparatuses 1, when the ultra-high molecular weight polymer in one of the rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 is completely consumed, the control system 11 starts other rapid prototyping apparatuses 1 which also contain the ultra-high molecular weight polymer, as can be seen from the drawings, each rapid prototyping apparatus 1 has at least two modes of height displacement and horizontal displacement, the height displacement transmission system 10 is implemented, the horizontal displacement is implemented by the internal combination mode of the rapid prototyping apparatus 1, the horizontal displacement of fig. 6 is implemented mainly by translation, the horizontal displacement of fig. 7 is implemented mainly by rotation, the rapid prototyping apparatus 1 which has completely consumed the ultra-high molecular weight polymer performs the height displacement first and then performs the horizontal displacement, further, the rapid prototyping device 1 containing the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is moved away from the working position, the horizontal displacement is performed first, the height displacement is performed after the ultra-high molecular weight polymer reaches the working position, and in fig. 6 and 7, only the setting position of the rapid prototyping device 1 is shown.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than others, combinations of features of different embodiments are also meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use the combination according to the known technical solutions and technical problems to be solved by the present application.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rapid prototyping device of ultra high molecular weight polymer which characterized in that: comprises that
The device comprises a storage bin (2) and a spray head (3) arranged at the bottom of the storage bin (2);
the heating module (5) is used for forming a heating zone with gradually increasing temperature from the top of the storage bin (2) to the bottom of the storage bin, and the side of the spray head (3) is provided with a heating zone with gradually increasing temperature;
and a heating cover (6) at least covering the spray head (3), wherein a heating chamber is formed outside the spray head (3).
2. The rapid prototyping apparatus of ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
the movement track of the heating cover (6) is synchronous with the movement track of the spray head (3);
preferably, the heating cover (6) is a heating chamber with a sealed peripheral wall and an opened bottom;
the spray head (3) extends into the heating chamber from the top of the heating cover (6);
more preferably, a plurality of heating parts (601) are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the top of the heating cover (6);
an air supply fan (602) is arranged on the outer side of the top of the heating cover (6) corresponding to the heating part (601);
also preferably, the heating temperature of the heating part (601) is between 25 ℃ and 300 ℃;
preferably, the heating cover (6) is detachably connected with the rapid prototyping device.
3. The rapid prototyping apparatus of ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein: also comprises
The rolling assembly (7) is used for compacting the ultrahigh molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head (3);
preferably, the rolling assembly (7) comprises
The first fixed seat (702) is connected with the storage bin (2) and/or the spray head (3);
a second fixed seat (703) connected to the first fixed seat (702);
the compression roller (701) is arranged inside the second fixed seat (703);
more preferably, the compression roller (701) is used for compacting the ultra-high molecular weight polymer by rolling on the surface of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer extruded by the spray head (3);
preferably, the first fixing seat (702) is a fixing structure which is connected with the storage bin (2) and/or the spray head (3) and is arranged in a planar expansion manner;
the second fixing seat (703) is of at least one cylindrical hollow structure arranged on the first fixing seat (702);
the compression roller (701) is a ball capable of rolling in the second fixed seat (703);
preferably, the number of the second fixing seats (703) on the first fixing seat (702) is 4 to 32;
preferably, the second fixing seat (703) is detachably connected with the first fixing seat (702).
4. The rapid prototyping apparatus of ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in any one of claims 1-3 wherein:
a feeding chamber which is formed in the storage bin (2) corresponding to the heating area and has a feeding cross section which is changed from the storage bin (2) to one side of the spray head (3);
preferably, the feeding chamber comprises a first feeding cavity (201), a second feeding cavity (202) and a third feeding cavity (203);
the first feeding cavity (201), the second feeding cavity (202) and the third feeding cavity (203) are gradually reduced along the feeding cross-sectional area of the storage bin (2).
5. The rapid prototyping apparatus of ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in claim 4 wherein:
at least one second feeding cavity (202) is communicated with the first feeding cavity (201);
at least one of the third feeding chambers (203) is communicated with the second feeding chamber (202).
6. The rapid prototyping apparatus of ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in claim 4 wherein:
the first feeding cavity (201), the second feeding cavity (202) and the third feeding cavity (203) are cylindrical structures;
preferably, the diameter of the first feeding cavity (201) is between 20 and 30mm, and the length of the first feeding cavity is between 100 and 200 mm;
the diameter of the second feeding cavity (202) is between 4 and 10m, and the length of the second feeding cavity is between 15 and 45 mm;
the diameter of the third feeding cavity (203) is between 2.5 and 6mm, and the length of the third feeding cavity is between 50 and 90 mm.
7. The rapid prototyping apparatus of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in any one of claims 4-6 wherein:
the feeding rod (4) is matched with the storage bin (2) and reciprocates in the storage bin (2) along the axial direction of the feeding rod (4);
preferably, the silo (2) is of a hollow structure, and the first feeding cavity (201), the second feeding cavity (202) and the third feeding cavity (203) are arranged in the hollow structure of the silo (2);
the feeding rod (4) is of a rod-shaped structure and is matched with the first feeding cavity (201) of the storage bin (2) in shape;
the spray head (3) is arranged at the bottom of the hollow structure;
the heating module (5) is annularly arranged outside the storage bin (2);
more preferably, a limiting device (401) is arranged on the feeding rod (4);
the stroke of the material pushing rod limited by the limiting device (401) is not more than the length of the first feeding cavity (201);
preferably, the limiting device (401) is detachably connected with the feeding rod (4), and the installation position of the limiting device can be adjusted along the length direction of the feeding rod (4);
preferably, the limiting device (401) is in threaded connection with the feeding rod (4);
still preferably, the feed rod (4) is of a plunger rod-like structure or a screw rod-like structure.
8. The rapid prototyping apparatus of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in any one of claims 4-6 wherein:
the feeding rod (4) is matched with the storage bin (2) and reciprocates in the storage bin (2) along the axial direction of the feeding rod (4);
preferably, the cartridge (2) comprises a first annular portion (204) and a second annular portion (205) nested outside the first annular portion (204);
the first feeding cavity (201), the second feeding cavity (202) and the third feeding cavity (203) are arranged in a gap between the first annular part (204) and the second annular part (205);
more preferably, the feeding rod (4) is of a rod-shaped structure and is matched with the shape of the first feeding cavity (201);
the spray head (3) is connected with the second annular portion (205);
the heating module (5) being arranged inside the first annular portion (204) of the magazine (2);
still preferably, a limiting device (401) is arranged on the feeding rod (4);
the stroke of the material pushing rod limited by the limiting device (401) is not more than the length of the first feeding cavity (201);
preferably, the limiting device (401) is detachably connected with the feeding rod (4), and the installation position of the limiting device can be adjusted along the length direction of the feeding rod (4);
preferably, the limiting device (401) is in threaded connection with the feeding rod (4);
again preferably, the feed rod (4) is of a plunger rod-like structure or a screw rod-like structure.
9. The rapid prototyping apparatus of ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in claim 4 wherein:
a discharging cavity (301) communicated with the third feeding cavity (203) is formed in the spray head (3);
the front end of the discharging cavity (301) is provided with a discharging hole (302) for extruding the molten ultrahigh molecular weight polymer;
preferably, the diameter of the discharging cavity (301) is 1.5 to 2.5 mm;
the diameter of the discharge hole (302) is 0.3-1.2 mm;
more preferably, the spray head (3) is detachably connected with the storage bin (2);
preferably also, the outside of the nozzle (3) is provided with a thread cooperating with the magazine (2).
10. The rapid prototyping apparatus of ultra-high molecular weight polymer as set forth in claim 4 wherein:
the heating zone is at least divided into a first heating zone (501), a second heating zone (502) and a third heating zone (503) from the top to the bottom of the storage bin (2);
the heating temperatures of the first heating area (501), the second heating area (502) and the third heating area (503) are increased in sequence;
preferably, the first heating area (501) corresponds to the first feeding cavity (201);
the second heating area (502) corresponds to the second feeding cavity (202);
the third heating area (503) corresponds to the third feeding cavity (203);
more preferably, in any of the first heating zone (501), the second heating zone (502) and the third heating zone (503), the heating of the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is uniform heating;
also preferably, within the third heating zone (503), the ultra-high molecular weight polymer is in a molten state;
still more preferably, the heating temperature of the heating module (5) is between 100 ℃ and 450 ℃;
preferably also, the heating module (5) is a heating wire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910753051.4A CN112388970A (en) | 2019-08-15 | 2019-08-15 | Rapid forming device for ultrahigh molecular weight polymer |
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| CN201910753051.4A CN112388970A (en) | 2019-08-15 | 2019-08-15 | Rapid forming device for ultrahigh molecular weight polymer |
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Application publication date: 20210223 |