CN112388197B - Welding method of rudder sleeve - Google Patents
Welding method of rudder sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN112388197B CN112388197B CN202011217053.0A CN202011217053A CN112388197B CN 112388197 B CN112388197 B CN 112388197B CN 202011217053 A CN202011217053 A CN 202011217053A CN 112388197 B CN112388197 B CN 112388197B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding processes, and particularly discloses a method for welding a rudder sleeve, which is used for welding and fixing the rudder sleeve with a flange, a ship bottom plate and a web plate and comprises the following steps: the flange is coaxially arranged on the rudder sleeve, a circular first seam to be welded is formed between the lower end face of the flange and the upper end face of the rudder sleeve, and the first seam to be welded is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode; the rudder sleeve is placed on the bottom board, a circular second to-be-welded joint is formed between the lower end face of the rudder sleeve and the bottom board, and the second to-be-welded joint is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode; two webs are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rudder sleeve, vertically extending third to-be-welded joints are formed between the same sides of the two webs and the outer peripheral surface of the rudder sleeve, the upper half sections of the two third to-be-welded joints are welded firstly, and then the lower half sections of the two third to-be-welded joints are welded. By adopting a symmetrical skip welding mode, the heat of welding seams can be dispersed, so that the welding deformation of the rudder sleeve is reduced, and the centering precision of the rudder stock and the rudder sleeve is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding processes, in particular to a welding method of a rudder sleeve.
Background
The rudder stock is a shaft for rotating the rudder blade and is used for bearing and transmitting force acting on the rudder blade, the steering engine rotates the rudder blade through the rudder stock, the rudder blade bears the reaction force of water on the rudder blade to enable the ship to realize steering, the rudder sleeve is sleeved outside the rudder stock, high concentricity is needed, too large errors cannot exist, and once errors exist, the hole needs to be bored again to reduce the deformation degree, so that unnecessary loss is caused. Therefore, the deformation of the rudder sleeve needs to be effectively controlled within a certain range, so as to ensure higher centering precision of the rudder sleeve and the rudder stock.
The aluminum magnesium alloy is a structural material of modern high-speed ships, has light weight and is easy to machine and form. The aluminum magnesium alloy rudder casing pipe is widely applied, but in the process of welding the rudder casing pipe by the traditional welding method, because the aluminum magnesium alloy has high welding strength and low density, the linear expansion coefficient of the rudder casing pipe is larger than that of a steel ship, the problem that the welding deformation exceeds the welding deformation standard range is easily generated in the welding process, the ship body cannot pass the inspection report of the ship, and huge economic loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for welding a rudder sleeve, which is used for ensuring that the welding deformation is in an effective range so as to improve the centering precision of the rudder sleeve and a rudder stock.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for welding a rudder sleeve is used for welding and fixing the rudder sleeve with a flange, a bottom board and a web plate, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the flange is coaxially arranged on the rudder sleeve, a circular first seam to be welded is formed between the lower end face of the flange and the upper end face of the rudder sleeve, and the first seam to be welded is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode;
s2: placing the rudder sleeve on the bottom board, forming a circular second to-be-welded joint between the lower end face of the rudder sleeve and the bottom board, and welding the second to-be-welded joint in a symmetrical skip welding mode;
s3: the two webs are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rudder sleeve, a vertically extending third to-be-welded joint is formed between the same side of the two webs and the outer peripheral surface of the rudder sleeve, the upper half section of the two third to-be-welded joints is welded firstly, and then the lower half section of the two third to-be-welded joints is welded.
Preferably, step S1 specifically includes:
dividing the first seam to be welded into a plurality of first subsections, wherein every two of the first subsections are in one group, two first subsections in each group are arranged in a central symmetry mode, and two first subsections in each group are welded in sequence;
step S2 specifically includes:
dividing the second seam to be welded into a plurality of second subsections, wherein every two of the second subsections are in one group, the two second subsections in each group are arranged in a central symmetry mode, and the two second subsections in each group are welded in sequence.
Preferably, in step S1, the welding directions of two adjacent first subsections are opposite;
in step S2, the welding directions of two adjacent second subsections are opposite.
Preferably, before step S1, the method further includes:
welding the upper end face of the flange with a base panel of the ship in a positioning welding mode;
before welding the third seam to be welded in step S3, the method further includes:
and welding the web plate and the rudder sleeve in a positioning welding mode.
Preferably, before step S2, the method further includes:
a fifth to-be-welded joint is formed between the upper end face of the flange and the ship base bottom panel, and the fifth to-be-welded joint is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode;
dividing the fifth seam to be welded into a plurality of third subsections, wherein every two of the third subsections are in one group, two third subsections in each group are arranged in a central symmetry mode, and two third subsections in each group are welded in sequence;
the welding directions of two adjacent third subsections are opposite.
Preferably, the welding method of the rudder sleeve further comprises the following steps:
s4: and a fourth to-be-welded joint which extends vertically is formed between the other sides of the two webs and the peripheral surface of the rudder sleeve, the upper half section of the two fourth to-be-welded joints is welded firstly, and then the lower half section of the two fourth to-be-welded joints is welded.
Preferably, the welding method of the rudder bushing further includes the steps of:
s5: milling the positioning welding of the web and the rudder sleeve in the step S3;
s6: repeating the steps S3, S4 and S5, wherein the four webs are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rudder sleeve.
Preferably, in step S3, when welding the upper half sections of the two third joints to be welded, the upper half section of one of the two third joints to be welded is welded first;
when the lower half sections of the two third joints to be welded are welded, the lower half section of the other one of the two third joints to be welded is welded;
the upper half section and the lower half section of the third joint to be welded are welded from bottom to top;
in step S4, when welding the upper half sections of the two fourth joints to be welded, welding the upper half section of one of the two fourth joints to be welded;
when the lower half sections of the two fourth joints to be welded are welded, the lower half section of the other one of the two fourth joints to be welded is welded;
and the upper half section and the lower half section of the fourth joint to be welded are welded from bottom to top.
Preferably, the current of the welding gun is controlled so that the interlayer temperature in the welding process is between 220 ℃ and 300 ℃.
Preferably, after each welding, the deformation of the rudder bushing at the welding position is measured, and the interlayer temperature in the next welding process is adjusted according to the measured deformation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the welding method of the rudder sleeve, when a first to-be-welded joint formed by the upper end face of the rudder sleeve and the lower end face of the flange and a second to-be-welded joint formed by the lower end face of the rudder sleeve and the bottom board are welded, the first to-be-welded joint and the second to-be-welded joint are welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode. The symmetrical skip welding is to divide the welding seams into a plurality of sections, weld one section of the welding seams to be welded first, and weld the other section of the welding seams to be welded in the symmetrical welding area. The welding is carried out on the joints to be welded at intervals, so that the joints to be welded are radiated in interval time, the interlayer temperature of the welded joints is reduced, the welding stress of the welded rudder sleeve is reduced and uniformly distributed, the deformation of the rudder sleeve is effectively controlled within a reasonable range, and the centering precision deviation of the rudder sleeve and a rudder stock is reduced. Therefore, the rudder sleeve can completely meet the installation precision requirement of the rudder stock.
And when a vertically extending third to-be-welded joint formed between the same side of the two webs and the outer peripheral surface of the rudder sleeve is welded, dividing the third to-be-welded joint into two sections for welding. The length of the welding seam can be reduced through the segmented welding, so that the continuous heating time of the welding seam to be welded is shortened, and the deformation of the rudder sleeve caused by the overhigh temperature of the welding seam to be welded is avoided. The upper half section of the third joint to be welded is welded firstly, then the lower half section is welded, the welding sequence is opposite to the welding growth sequence, so that residual stress in a weldment can be counteracted mutually, and the deformation of the rudder sleeve is reduced and controlled within a reasonable range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding sequence of a second joint to be welded according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the web and the rudder sleeve provided by the embodiment of the invention after being welded;
fig. 3 is a top view of a welded flange and a base panel of a ship provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
10. a base panel of the vessel; 20. a flange; 30. a web; 40. a rudder casing; 50. a tiller; 60. a bottom board of a ship.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the present invention, the terms of orientation such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner" and "outer" are used in the case where no description is made on the contrary, and these terms of orientation are used for easy understanding, and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment provides a welding method of a rudder sleeve, which is used for welding and fixing the rudder sleeve 40 with the flange 20, the bottom board 60 and the web 30 respectively to ensure that the welding deformation is in an effective range, so as to improve the centering precision of the rudder sleeve 40 and the rudder stock 50. But not limited to, the welding method can also be used for welding other workpieces with large welding deformation to reduce the deformation of the welding piece and improve the qualification rate of the welding piece.
In the use process of the rudder sleeve 40, the rudder sleeve 40 is coaxially arranged below the flange 20, the lower end face of the rudder sleeve 40 is welded and fixed with the bottom board 60, the upper end face of the rudder sleeve 40 is welded and fixed with the flange 20, the flange 20 is fixed with the ship base bottom board 10, and the rudder stock 50 penetrates through the rudder sleeve 40. The rudder sleeve 40 is provided with a plurality of webs 30 in the circumferential direction, the webs 30 are welded to the rudder sleeve 40, and the webs 30 reduce the vibration of the rudder stock 50 when the rudder blade is rotated. Wherein the flange 20 is welded and fixed with the base bottom plate 10 of the ship.
In the process of welding the rudder sleeve 40, after welding the flange 20 and the ship base bottom panel 10, placing the rudder sleeve 40 below the flange 20 and welding and fixing; the rudder sleeve 40 and the bottom board 60 are welded and fixed; and then the web 30 and the rudder sleeve 40 are welded and fixed.
In order to reduce the deformation of the rudder bushing 40, in this embodiment, the welding method of the rudder bushing specifically includes:
s1: welding a first to-be-welded joint formed by the lower end face of the flange 20 and the upper end face of the rudder sleeve 40 in a symmetrical skip welding mode;
s2: and welding a second to-be-welded joint formed by the lower end face of the rudder sleeve 40 and the bottom board 60 by adopting a symmetrical skip welding mode.
The symmetrical skip welding is to divide the to-be-welded joints into a plurality of sections, every two of the plurality of sections are in a group and are arranged in a centrosymmetric mode, one section in the same group is welded firstly, the other section in the same group which is symmetrically arranged is welded secondly, and a plurality of groups of to-be-welded joints are welded in sequence according to the sequence. When the welding mode of symmetrical skip welding is adopted, two continuously welded sections are arranged at intervals, so that the influence of the raised temperature of the first welded part on the later welded part is avoided, and the two continuously welded sections in the same group are symmetrically arranged, so that the stress of the rudder sleeve 40 after welding can be offset. In addition, a certain interval time exists between the two adjacent sections of welding, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the part welded in the two adjacent sections, so that the interlayer temperature of the welding seam is reduced, the welding stress of the rudder sleeve 40 after welding is reduced, and the rudder sleeve is uniformly distributed, and therefore, the deformation of the rudder sleeve 40 can be effectively controlled within a reasonable range.
Preferably, when the flange 20 and the rudder sleeve 40 are welded, the first joint to be welded is divided into a plurality of first subsections, each two of the plurality of first subsections are arranged in a group, two first subsections in each group are arranged in a central symmetry manner, and the two first subsections in each group are welded in sequence.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first seam to be welded is divided into 4 first subsections, and the lengths of the first subsections are equal, so that the temperature rise of each point of the welded first subsections is uniform.
Furthermore, the welding directions of the first subsections in the same group are the same, and in two adjacent first subsections, in order to avoid the influence of the interlayer temperature of the first subsection which is welded firstly on the first subsections which are welded later, the welding directions of the two adjacent first subsections are opposite, so that the starting welding point of each first subsection can have a longer time for radiating heat, and the interlayer temperature of the starting welding point can be ensured to be reduced so as not to influence the welding temperature of the next first subsections to be welded. And sequentially welding each first subsection in the first joint to be welded according to the welding direction.
Specifically, when the rudder sleeve 40 and the bottom plate 60 are welded, the second joint to be welded is divided into a plurality of second subsections, each two of the plurality of second subsections are arranged in a group, two second subsections in each group are arranged in a central symmetry manner, and the two second subsections in each group are welded in sequence.
As shown in fig. 1, specifically, the second joints to be welded may be divided into 8 second subsections, which are numbered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H respectively, and are equal in length, so as to uniformly distribute the stress after welding. In order to ensure that the initial welding start point can have a longer time for radiating heat during each welding so as to facilitate the uniform distribution of welding stress, the first group of second subsections and the second group of second subsections are welded at intervals, and then the rest third group and the rest fourth group are welded in sequence. That is, in the present embodiment, the welding sequence of the 8 second subsections is A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H.
Optionally, in the second joint to be welded, the welding directions of the second subsections in the same group are the same, the welding directions of the adjacent second subsections are opposite, and the second joint to be welded is welded in sequence according to the directions.
To further reduce the deformation of the rudder bushing 40, the present embodiment improves the welding method of the web 30 and the rudder bushing 40.
Specifically, the welding web 30 is in line contact with the outer periphery of the rudder sleeve 40, so that two opposite sides of the same web 30 are respectively matched with the rudder sleeve 40 to form a third to-be-welded seam and a fourth to-be-welded seam which extend vertically.
Optionally, a plurality of webs 30 are circumferentially distributed on the rudder sleeve 40, and preferably, the number of webs 30 is an even number, and the webs are symmetrically arranged in pairs in a group, so that the force applied to the rudder sleeve 40 is more uniform.
To prevent the welding deformation amount of the rudder bushing 40 from being excessively large, preferably, the welding method of the rudder bushing further includes:
s3: the two webs 30 are symmetrically arranged beside the rudder sleeve 40, the upper half sections of the third to-be-welded joints on the same side of the two webs 30 are welded firstly, and then the lower half sections of the two third to-be-welded joints are welded.
It will be appreciated that the longer the length of the weld formed by a single weld of the workpiece, the greater the temperature difference between the workpiece before and after welding, and the greater the amount of deformation of the workpiece. In this embodiment, the third to-be-welded joint is divided into two sections for welding, so that the single welding length can be reduced, and the temperature rise of the web 30 during single welding can be reduced, and therefore, the residual stress of the rudder sleeve 40 can be reduced, and the deformation of the rudder sleeve 40 can be reduced.
In addition, the upper half sections of the two third joints to be welded are welded first, so that the residual stresses on the two sides of the rudder sleeve 40 can be mutually offset, and the deformation of the rudder sleeve 40 is reduced and controlled within a reasonable range.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to facilitate heat dissipation of the weld joint, optionally, when welding the first half section of the third to-be-welded joint on the same side of the two webs 30, the first half section of one of the two third to-be-welded joints is welded first, specifically, the first half section of the left third to-be-welded joint shown in fig. 2 is welded first, and then the first half section of the right third to-be-welded joint shown in fig. 2 is welded, the interval welding reduces the interlayer temperature of the first-welded left first half section, and the two first to-be-welded joints are symmetrically arranged to ensure that the residual stresses between the weld joints can be cancelled out.
To further reduce the welding deformation amount of the rudder bushing 40, as shown in fig. 2, specifically, when the lower half sections of the two third joints to be welded are welded, the lower half section of the other of the two third joints to be welded is welded first. Namely, the lower half section of the third joint to be welded on the right side is welded firstly, and then the lower half section of the third joint to be welded on the left side is welded. Since the left side of the rudder sleeve 40 is welded before the right side, the amount of contraction of the left side of the rudder sleeve 40 will be greater than the amount of contraction of the right side. For the shrinkage of even welding seam, weld the second half section of the third waiting to weld seam on right side earlier, the welding interval time of the first half section and the second half section of the third waiting to weld seam on right side is short, can make the whole third on right side wait to weld the interlaminar temperature rise of seam, the welding seam shrinkage grow on right side after the cooling offsets the shrinkage of the first half section of the third waiting to weld seam on left side, be favorable to the shrinkage of the even rudder sleeve pipe 40 left and right sides, reduce the deformation of rudder sleeve pipe 40.
In order to prevent the molten metal from flowing downwards during welding, preferably, the welding directions of the upper half section and the lower half section of the third joint to be welded are both welded from bottom to top, and in the process of welding from bottom to top, the arc blowing force of the welding gun can generate upward thrust on the molten metal, so that the quality of the third joint to be welded after welding can be ensured. Specifically, welding is performed in sequence in the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 2.
In order to ensure the connection strength between the web 30 and the rudder sleeve 40, it is preferable that the step of welding the rudder sleeve 40 and the web 30 further includes S4, welding the other sides of the two webs 30 and the outer circumferential surface of the rudder sleeve 40 to form a fourth to-be-welded seam extending vertically, welding the upper half sections of the two fourth to-be-welded seams first, and then welding the lower half sections of the two fourth to-be-welded seams. In this embodiment, the welding sequence and direction of the fourth joint to be welded are the same as those of the third joint to be welded, and this embodiment will not be described in detail.
In order to guarantee the connection strength and the position precision when the web 30 and the rudder sleeve 40 are welded, before the third to-be-welded seam and the fourth to-be-welded seam are welded, the rudder sleeve 40 and the web 30 are welded together in a positioning welding mode, so that the third to-be-welded seam is prevented from being cracked when the fourth to-be-welded seam is welded, and the welding strength of the third to-be-welded seam and the fourth to-be-welded seam during welding is guaranteed.
In order to prevent the stress concentration of the rudder sleeve 40, it is preferable that the step of welding the rudder sleeve 40 to the web 30 further includes S5, after the third to-be-welded seam and the fourth to-be-welded seam are welded, the tack welding of the web 30 and the rudder sleeve 40 is milled. The milling of the tack weld can relieve the stress after the web 30 and the rudder sleeve 40 are welded in the step S3, and reduce the deformation of the rudder sleeve 40.
When four or more webs 30 are provided on the outer periphery of the rudder sleeve 40, the plurality of webs 30 are welded in pairs. Preferably, the welding method of the rudder bushing 40 in the present embodiment further includes S6: the steps S3, S4 and S5 are repeated, that is, the remaining webs 30 are welded in the same welding manner, so as to ensure that the deformation amount of the rudder bushing 40 is within the effective range.
Specifically, the four webs 30 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rudder sleeve 40. The four webs 30 are uniformly distributed, so that the stress of the symmetrical area during welding can be released, and the anti-vibration effect of the rudder stock 50 during steering can be enhanced. In the present embodiment, four webs 30 are used to enhance the vibration-proof function during steering, but other number of webs 30 may be welded to the steering sleeve 40.
To ensure that the rudder bushing 40 is welded at the preset position, it is preferable to further include, before step S1: the upper end face of the flange 20 is welded to the base panel 10 of the vessel by tack welding. The position of the ship base bottom plate 10 is fixed, and the flange 20 is moved to the position below the ship base bottom plate 10 for welding, so that the position of the subsequent welding of the flange 20 and the rudder sleeve 40 is fixed.
In order to enhance the vibration-proof function of the web 30, it is preferable to further include, before step S2: and a fifth to-be-welded seam is formed between the upper end face of the flange 20 and the ship base panel 10, and is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode. The base bottom plate 10 serves as a reinforcing structure to prevent the transmission of force when the web 30 vibrates, thereby preventing damage to other parts of the hull.
Specifically, the fifth seam to be welded is divided into a plurality of third subsections, each two of the third subsections are grouped into one group, two third subsections in each group are arranged in a central symmetry manner, and the two third subsections in each group are welded in sequence. As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the fifth joint to be welded is divided into four third subsections, the four third subsections are respectively labeled as a, b, c and d, and the fifth joint to be welded is welded in sequence according to the labeling order. The third subsections in the same group are symmetrically arranged, so that the stress of the symmetrical area can be offset in the welding process.
To ensure that the deformation of the flange 20 and the base panel 10 is within the effective range, it is preferable that the welding direction of two third subsections in the same group is the same, and the welding direction of two adjacent third subsections is opposite. As shown in fig. 3, the directions of a and c are both clockwise, the directions of b and d are both counterclockwise, and the fifth seam to be welded is welded in sequence according to the direction of the label. In the adjacent third subsection, in order to avoid the influence of the interlayer temperature of the a which is welded firstly on the b which is welded later, the welding directions of the adjacent a and b are opposite, so that the welding point of the a has longer time for radiating heat, and the welding temperature of the b is not influenced. C and d are welded in sequence according to the welding direction, and the directions of a, b, c and d are not specifically limited in other embodiments as long as the welding directions of two adjacent third subsections are opposite.
In order to ensure that the deformation of the rudder sleeve 40 is within an effective range during the welding process, the current of the welding gun is preferably controlled during the welding process, so that the interlayer temperature of the welding seam during the welding process is controlled between 220 ℃ and 300 ℃. The welding deformation can be reduced to the maximum extent while the welding effect is ensured.
In the welding process, in order to ensure that the welding deformation of each step is within an effective range, preferably, after each welding is completed, the deformation of the rudder sleeve 40 at the welding position is measured, and the interlayer temperature in the next welding process is adjusted according to the measured deformation. Specifically, in the welding process, the temperature between layers of the previous section of welding seam is reduced to 60 ℃, and then the next section of welding seam is welded, so that the purpose of controlling deformation is achieved.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for welding a rudder sleeve is used for welding and fixing the rudder sleeve (40) with a flange (20), a bottom board (60) and a web plate (30), wherein the rudder sleeve (40) is made of aluminum magnesium alloy, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: the flange (20) is coaxially arranged on the rudder sleeve (40), a circular first seam to be welded is formed between the lower end face of the flange (20) and the upper end face of the rudder sleeve (40), and the first seam to be welded is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode;
s2: the rudder sleeve (40) is placed on the bottom board (60), a circular second to-be-welded joint is formed between the lower end face of the rudder sleeve (40) and the bottom board (60), and the second to-be-welded joint is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode;
s3: the two webs (30) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rudder sleeve (40), a third joint to be welded which extends vertically is formed between the same side of the two webs (30) and the outer peripheral surface of the rudder sleeve (40), the upper half section of the two third joints to be welded is welded firstly, and then the lower half section of the two third joints to be welded is welded;
step S1 specifically includes:
dividing the first seam to be welded into a plurality of first subsections, wherein every two of the first subsections are in one group, two first subsections in each group are arranged in a central symmetry mode, and two first subsections in each group are welded in sequence;
step S2 specifically includes:
dividing the second seam to be welded into a plurality of second subsegments, wherein every two of the second subsegments are arranged in a group, the two second subsegments in each group are arranged in a central symmetry mode, and the two second subsegments in each group are welded in sequence;
in step S1, the welding directions of two adjacent first subsections are opposite;
in step S2, the welding directions of two adjacent second subsections are opposite.
2. The rudder bushing welding method according to claim 1, further comprising, before step S1:
welding the upper end face of the flange (20) with the ship base panel (10) in a positioning welding mode;
before welding the third seam to be welded in step S3, the method further includes:
and welding the web plate (30) and the rudder sleeve (40) in a positioning welding mode.
3. The welding method for the rudder sleeve according to claim 2, further comprising, before the step S2:
a fifth to-be-welded seam is formed between the upper end face of the flange (20) and the ship base bottom panel (10), and the fifth to-be-welded seam is welded in a symmetrical skip welding mode;
dividing the fifth seam to be welded into a plurality of third subsegments, wherein every two third subsegments in the plurality of third subsegments are arranged in a group, the two third subsegments in each group are arranged in a central symmetry mode, and the two third subsegments in each group are welded in sequence;
the welding directions of two adjacent third subsections are opposite.
4. A method for welding a rudder sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that the method for welding a rudder sleeve further comprises the steps of:
s4: and a fourth joint to be welded which extends vertically is formed between the other sides of the two webs (30) and the outer peripheral surface of the rudder sleeve (40), the upper half section of the two fourth joints to be welded is welded firstly, and then the lower half section of the two fourth joints to be welded is welded.
5. The rudder bushing welding method according to claim 4, wherein the rudder bushing welding method further includes the steps of:
s5: milling the tack weld of the web (30) and the rudder sleeve (40) in step S3;
s6: repeating the steps S3, S4 and S5, wherein the four webs (30) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rudder sleeve (40).
6. The welding method for the rudder bushing according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, when welding the upper half sections of the two third joints to be welded, the upper half section of one of the two third joints to be welded is welded;
when the lower half sections of the two third joints to be welded are welded, the lower half section of the other one of the two third joints to be welded is welded;
the upper half section and the lower half section of the third joint to be welded are welded from bottom to top;
in step S4, when welding the upper half sections of the two fourth seams to be welded, welding the upper half section of one of the two fourth seams to be welded;
when the lower half sections of the two fourth joints to be welded are welded, the lower half section of the other one of the two fourth joints to be welded is welded;
and the upper half section and the lower half section of the fourth joint to be welded are welded from bottom to top.
7. The rudder bushing welding method according to claim 1, wherein the current level of the welding gun is controlled so that the interlayer temperature during welding is between 220 ℃ and 300 ℃.
8. Welding method of a rudder sleeve according to any of the claims 1-7, characterized in that after each welding is completed, the deformation of the rudder sleeve (40) at the welding is measured and the interlayer temperature during the next welding is adjusted on the basis of the measured deformation.
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