CN101648310A - Method for welding circular casings with large-thickness casing walls - Google Patents
Method for welding circular casings with large-thickness casing walls Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for welding circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, which comprises the following steps: a pre-welding preparation working procedure, the setting of preheating and inter-layer temperatures, weldment fixation, groove welding and postwelding heat preservation treatment, wherein the groove welding comprises positioned welding, backing up and filled welding; in the pre-welding preparation of the welding method, environmental conditions of the welding are to control the wind speed and keep the surface of a workpiece to be welded dry; grooves of welding joints are in a double-sided symmetrical X shape; a butt-joint assembly mode of the grooves is to butt two sections of intermediate circular casings firstly and then butt sections at both ends; the welding method is gas shielded flux-cored welding, a welding material is a Hyundai flux-cored wire, and protective gas is carbon dioxide; the preheating temperature is between 160 and 170 DEG C, and theinter-layer temperature is between 170 and 250 DEG C; the weldment fixation adopts bridge plate positioned welding and groove positioned welding; the positioned welding and the backing up of the groove welding adopt segmented symmetrical welding, and the filled welding adopts segmented inside-outside layer-by-layer symmetrical alternate welding; and the welding post-treatment is to perform slow cooling treatment on welds and surrounding areas. The method controls welding deformation, and has good welding quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding method, relate in particular to a kind of welding method that can control the circular casings with large-thickness casing walls of welding deformation.
Background technology
235 meters of the captains of 30,000 tons of jacket launching barges, 52.5 meters of molded breadths, 14.25 meters of moldeed depth, 60,000 tons of dead weights are just as a little aircraft carrier, rank Asia the first, the second in the world.30,000 tons of jacket launching barges are extra large oily supportingization of engineering ship, seriation construction and the important component part of implementing the deep-water developments strategy, will increase substantially the competitiveness of the marine jacket of China, the transportation of large-scale offshore platform and deepwater work ability and international market.30,000 tons of jacket launching barge pin joints divide left and right sides two parts, are positioned at ship stern end.The transverse width of each part is 13500mm, matches with the jacket launching rocker shaft, bears the weight of jacket about 70%, and concerning maximum weight was 30000 tons jacket, with the pressure that bears 21000 tons, promptly each pin joint bore 10500 tons of pressure.Very big concentrated force will be born in the pin joint position, is heavily stressed powerful structure.In the barge key position of carrying concentrated stress be useful on match with rocker shaft and the semicircle sleeve pipe of the weight of carrier catheter frame about 70%, be used to support semicircle sleeve pipe the anchor point structure, be used for the rocker structure of jacket launching etc., the construction at these positions is one of construction difficult points of this launching barge, be again the key position of this ship simultaneously, therefore the quality in these positions construction implementation processes that tighten control seems particularly important.In order to ensure the build guality of this ship, need carry out scientific and reasonable design to the welding procedure of the member that constitutes above-mentioned key position, could strict control welding quality and distortion.Because during welding, because localized hyperthermia's heating, can cause on the weldment temperature distributing disproportionation even, cause producing welding stress and distortion in inside configuration, this is a common problem that is run into during the steel construction welding is made, therefore the welding deformation of controlling well is one of key technology of steel construction product manufacturing success or not, it also is one of difficult point, hence one can see that, controlling in 30,000 tons of jacket launching barges the welding deformation of the semicircle sleeve pipe of carrying concentrated stress key position, is vital for the successful construction of this ship.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that existing product exists; and provide a kind of welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls; it is in the welding method of selecting gas shield medicine core weldering (FCAW); by setting rational welding parameter and groove type; select minimum weld size; reduce weld seam quantity and rationally arrange position while welding; adopt moulding bed and horse plate to rigidly fix fixedly weldment of mode; eliminate the contraction distortion of welding residual stress and made allowance compensation weldment in the welding process simultaneously; use the symmetric arrangement Welding Structure by even number welder symmetrical welding; long weld seam welding is by the welding manner of centre to two ends symmetry backstep; in the outside alternately welding and finish back butt welded seam and peripheral region thereof in welding and carry out slow cooling and handle and eliminate technical measures such as welding residual stress of symmetry successively; reach the control welding deformation, guarantee the effect of welding quality.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme.
The welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls of the present invention, comprise and set the preceding preparatory process of weldering that welds environmental condition, preparation groove and cleaning thereof, groove butt joint assembling, selected welding method, welding material and welding parameter, setting protective gas and parameter thereof, set preheat temperature and interlayer temperature, weldment are fixed, groove welding sequence and postweld heat preservation treatment process, this groove welding sequence comprises tack welding, back welding and filling weldering; It is characterized in that, before the described weldering in the preparatory process welding environmental condition be controlled wind speed less than 2.2m/s, and keep surface of the work drying to be welded, when relative humidity is bigger, tackle zone to be welded when making surface of the work to be welded aqueous vapor occur and dry processing; The groove type of welding point is two-sided symmetrical X type, and groove and both sides thereof are cleared up, and removes foreign material; Groove butt joint assembling mode is two pitch circle shape sleeve pipes in the middle of the butt joint earlier, carries out the butt joint of two ends sections again; Selected welding method is gas shield medicine core weldering (FCAW), and welding material is the Hyundai flux-cored wire, and protective gas is carbon dioxide (CO
2); Described preheat temperature is 160 ℃ to 170 ℃, and interlayer temperature is 170 ℃ to 250 ℃; Fixing horse plate tack welding and the groove tack welding of adopting of described weldment; The segmentation symmetrical welding is adopted in tack welding in the described groove welding sequence and back welding, fills weldering and adopts the outside alternately welding of symmetry successively in the segmentation; Described welding post processing is that butt welded seam and peripheral region thereof carry out slow cooling to be handled when welding Halfway Stopping or welding end.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, the angle of wherein two-sided symmetrical X type groove are 40 to 45 degree, and root face length is 4mm to 6mm, and root gap is 6mm to 8mm; Described groove cleaning is that the scope of groove and both sides 20 ± 5mm thereof is cleared up.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, wherein welding method is gas shield medicine core weldering (FCAW), it is the Hyundai flux-cored wire (trade mark S81-K2) of 1.2mm that welding material adopts diameter; Described protective gas is carbon dioxide (CO
2), gas flow rate is 18 to 20L/min.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, wherein the fixing horse plate tack welding of weldment comprises horse plate layout location, the welding sequence of horse plate and the setting of welding parameter; Wherein, the layout of horse plate location is in the equidistant correspondence of circular casing outer side surface several piece horse plate to be set, and every block of horse plate is crossed on the commissure, and horse plate notch alignment weld seam; The welding sequence of every block of horse plate is that first step welding is striden and established weld seam one side part, the welding of second step is positioned at the part of weld seam opposite side, and the welding of second step adopts two sides welding mode simultaneously to carry out, the welding sequence of several piece horse plate is the horse plate that first step welding is positioned at X-direction, the welding of second step is positioned at the horse plate of Y direction, the 3rd step welding is positioned at second and the horse plate of four-quadrant direction, and the welding of the 4th step is positioned at first and the horse plate of third quadrant direction; The fillet weld size of horse plate tack welding is 10 ± 3mm, and fusion length is 130 ± 3mm; The welding current of described horse plate tack welding is 160 to 200A, and weldingvoltage is 23 to 28V, and speed of welding is 80 to 100mm/min.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, wherein the segmentation welding of groove tack welding, back welding is in proper order, the first step is welded in the X-axis symmetric position, second step welded in the Y-axis symmetric position, the 3rd step is in the second and the four-quadrant symmetric position welding, and the 4th step is first and the symmetric position welding of third quadrant; Described groove is filled the successively symmetrical alternately welding in the interior outside of weldering segmentation, and the rotation pipe makes the welding position remain at the Y-axis symmetric position, according to welding sequence pipe is rotated respective angles, outside welding in pipe step by step; Should in the welding in the outside be that the first step is welded in the outside in proper order, second step, the 3rd step, the 4th step welded in the inboard again again in outside welding in inboard welding; The welding mode of groove tack welding is spot welding, and tack welding length is 150 to 160mm, and the tack welding height is 15 ± 3mm.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, wherein the welding current of groove welding sequence is 160 to 200A, and weldingvoltage is 23 to 28V, and speed of welding is 80 to 100mm/min; Root ceramic substrate (model JN408); Preheat temperature is 160 to 170 ℃, interlayer temperature≤250 ℃; Protective gas is carbon dioxide (CO
2), gas flow is 18 to 20L/min; Welding current and polarity are dc reverse connection (DC.RP); The swing maximum is 20mm.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, wherein utilize milligram to eliminate instrument elimination welding residual stress by vibration stress in the groove tack welding process, concrete grammar is for after each step welding finishes, utilize milligram to eliminate the welding residual stress processing by vibration stress elimination instrument butt welded seam metal, in about 2 to 3 minutes of week of girth joint one, can increase substantially the fatigue strength of welding point.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, wherein the weld seam inboard of tack welding adds the pole ceramic substrate in the groove, and the symmetric position welding is to carry out simultaneously.
The welding method of aforesaid circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, wherein the scope handled of slow cooling is weld seam and the zone of 70+10mm on every side thereof, slow cooling is treated to per hour lowers the temperature less than 50 ℃.
The beneficial effect of the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls of the present invention; it is in the welding method of selecting gas shield medicine core weldering (FCAW); by setting rational welding parameter and groove type; select minimum weld size; reduce weld seam quantity and rationally arrange position while welding; adopt rotation moulding bed and horse plate to rigidly fix fixedly weldment of mode; eliminate the contraction distortion of welding residual stress and made allowance compensation weldment in the welding process simultaneously; use the symmetric arrangement Welding Structure to weld by the centre and carry out the slow cooling processing and technical measures such as elimination welding residual stress to the welding manner of the symmetrical backstep in two ends and at welding end back butt welded seam and peripheral region thereof by even number welder symmetrical welding and long weld seam; welding deformation amount is controlled in the 0.5mm to 0.8mm; the coaxiality deviation that is higher than the designing requirement pipe is controlled at 2mm with interior standard; guarantee the effect of welding quality; the physical and chemical experiment report shows that the average tensile strength of testpieces is 543N/mm through Shandong Technology Univ
2,-40 degree, average ballistic work is 155J, satisfies the weld properties requirement fully.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is horse plate position schematic diagram during for horse plate tack welding of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a H direction sectional drawing shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is split fix weldering precedence diagram in the groove of the present invention.
Fig. 4 alternately welds precedence diagram for the outside each layer symmetry in the groove of the present invention.
Fig. 5 replaces welding process figure for the outside each layer symmetry in the groove of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is circular casing butt joint of the present invention location schematic diagram.
Major label description in figure: A and A1 are the horse plate that is positioned at X-direction, B and B1 are the horse plate that is positioned at Y direction, C and C1 are positioned at second and the horse plate of four-quadrant direction, D and D1 are positioned at first and the horse plate of third quadrant direction, G1 first segment circular casing, the G2 second pitch circle shape sleeve pipe, G3 the 3rd pitch circle shape sleeve pipe, G4 the 4th pitch circle shape sleeve pipe, M and M1 are the welding position in X-direction, N and N1 are the welding position in Y direction, O and O1 are second and the welding position of four-quadrant direction, P and P1 are first and the welding position of third quadrant direction, the F weld seam, S is the groove inboard, W is the groove outside, the welding of the 1 groove outside, the inboard welding of 2 grooves, the welding of the 3 grooves outside, the inboard welding of 4 grooves.
The specific embodiment
Consult Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 6, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls of the present invention, comprise and set the preceding preparatory process of weldering that welds environmental condition, preparation groove and cleaning thereof, groove butt joint assembling, selected welding method, welding material and welding parameter, setting protective gas and parameter thereof, set preheat temperature and interlayer temperature, weldment are fixed, groove welding sequence and postweld heat preservation treatment process, this groove welding sequence comprises tack welding, back welding and filling weldering; It is characterized in that, before the described weldering in the preparatory process welding environmental condition be controlled wind speed less than 2.2m/s, and keep surface of the work drying to be welded, when relative humidity is bigger, tackle zone to be welded when making surface of the work to be welded aqueous vapor occur and dry processing; The groove type of welding point is two-sided symmetrical X type, and groove and both sides thereof are cleared up, and removes foreign material; Groove butt joint assembling mode is two pitch circle shape sleeve pipes in the middle of the butt joint earlier, carries out the butt joint of two ends sections again; Selected welding method is gas shield medicine core weldering (FCAW), and welding material is the Hyundai flux-cored wire, and protective gas is carbon dioxide (CO
2); Described preheat temperature is 160 ℃ to 170 ℃, and interlayer temperature is 170 ℃ to 250 ℃; Fixing horse plate tack welding and the groove tack welding of adopting of described weldment; The segmentation symmetrical welding is adopted in tack welding in the described groove welding sequence and back welding, fills weldering and adopts the outside alternately welding of symmetry successively in the segmentation; Described welding post processing is that butt welded seam and peripheral region thereof carry out slow cooling to be handled when welding Halfway Stopping or welding end.
The welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls of the present invention, wherein, the angle of two-sided symmetrical X type groove is 40 to 45 degree, and root face length is 4mm to 6mm, and root gap is 6mm to 8mm; Described groove cleaning is that the scope of groove and both sides 20 ± 5mm thereof is cleared up; Welding method is gas shield medicine core weldering (FCAW), and it is the Hyundai flux-cored wire (trade mark S81-K2) of 1.2mm that welding material adopts diameter; Protective gas is carbon dioxide (CO
2), gas flow rate is 18 to 20L/min; The fixing horse plate tack welding of weldment comprises horse plate layout location, the welding sequence of horse plate and the setting of welding parameter, wherein, the layout location of horse plate is in the equidistant correspondence of circular casing outer side surface several piece horse plate to be set, every block of horse plate is crossed on the commissure, and horse plate notch alignment weld seam, the welding sequence of every block of horse plate is that first step welding is striden and established weld seam one side part, the welding of second step is positioned at the part of weld seam opposite side, and the welding of second step adopts two sides welding mode simultaneously to carry out, the welding sequence of several piece horse plate is horse plate A and the A1 that first step welding is positioned at X-direction, the welding of second step is positioned at the horse plate B and the B1 of Y direction, the 3rd step welding is positioned at second and the horse plate C and the C1 of four-quadrant direction, the 4th step welding is positioned at first and the horse plate D and the D1 of third quadrant direction, the fillet weld size of horse plate tack welding is 10 ± 3mm, and fusion length is 130 ± 3mm; The welding current of horse plate tack welding is 160 to 200A, and weldingvoltage is 23 to 28V, and speed of welding is 80 to 100mm/min; The segmentation welding of groove tack welding, back welding is in proper order, the first step is welded at X-axis symmetric position M and M1, second step is in Y-axis symmetric position N and N1 welding, the 3rd step is second and four-quadrant symmetric position O and O1 welding, and the 4th step is first and the symmetric position P and the P1 welding of third quadrant; Described groove is filled the successively symmetrical alternately welding in the interior outside of weldering segmentation, and the rotation pipe makes the welding position remain at the Y-axis symmetric position, according to welding sequence pipe is rotated respective angles, outside welding in pipe step by step; The welding in the outside is that the first step is in groove outside W welding 1 in proper order in being somebody's turn to do, second step is in the inboard S welding 2 of groove, the 3rd step is again in groove outside W welding 3, the 4th step is again in the inboard S welding 4 of groove, the welding mode of groove tack welding is spot welding, tack welding length is 150 to 160mm, and the tack welding height is 15 ± 3mm; The welding current of groove welding sequence is 160 to 200A, and weldingvoltage is 23 to 28V, and speed of welding is 80 to 100mm/min; Root ceramic substrate (model JN408); Preheat temperature is 160 to 170 ℃, interlayer temperature≤250 ℃; Protective gas is carbon dioxide (CO
2), gas flow is 18 to 20L/min; Welding current and polarity are dc reverse connection (DC.RP); The swing maximum is 20mm; Utilize milligram to eliminate instrument elimination welding residual stress by vibration stress in the groove tack welding process, concrete grammar is for after each step welding finishes, utilize milligram to eliminate the welding residual stress processing by vibration stress elimination instrument butt welded seam metal, in about 2 to 3 minutes of week of girth joint one, can increase substantially the fatigue strength of welding point; The weld seam F inboard of tack welding adds the pole ceramic substrate in the groove, and the symmetric position welding is to carry out simultaneously; The scope that slow cooling is handled is weld seam F and the zone of 70+10mm on every side thereof, and slow cooling is treated to per hour lowers the temperature less than 50 ℃.
Embodiment (consulting Fig. 1) to shown in Figure 6:
Be used for the preparation of the semicircle sleeve pipe of 30,000 tons of jacket launching barges.
One, forge four pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1, G2, G3, G4, its external diameter is 1120mm, and internal diameter is 880mm, and single-unit weight is about 10 tons, and material is 16MnD.
Two, four pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1, G2, G3, G4 are integrally welded.
1, prepares before the weldering.
(1) welding environment: the condition of covering windproof, rainproof, snow defence is set, and controlled wind speed is less than 2.2m/s; The relative humidity that controls environment when relative humidity is bigger, is tackled zone to be welded when making surface of the work to be welded aqueous vapor occur and is dried processing, guarantees the dry no aqueous vapor of surface of the work to be welded.
(2) prepare bevel for welding at the two ends of every pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1, G2, G3, G4, groove is two-sided symmetrical X type, and the groove angle is 40 degree, and root face length is 6mm, and root gap is 8mm.In the scope of groove and both sides 20mm, remove the groove cleaning of the dirt of derusting, moisture, wet goods foreign material.
(3) circular casing butt joint assembling and positioning.
Circular casing G1, G2, G3, G4 are placed on the moulding bed and dock, and the butt joint of two pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G2 and G3 is carried out the butt joint of two ends pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1 and G2 and G3 and G4, as shown in Figure 6 again in the middle of finishing earlier.Be as the criterion with circular casing G1, G2, G3, G4 inner surface, the application level instrument is adjusted moulding bed, utilizes the linearity that draws steel wire check circular casing G1, G2, G3, G4, and the center of circle of each pitch circle shape sleeve pipe is located along the same line.
2, preheating and interlayer temperature.
Roasting each weld seam F and 150mm zone, weld seam F both sides are carried out preheating with oxy-acetylene, preheat temperature is 160 ℃; Interlayer temperature is set at 200 ℃.
3, welding procedure and parameter
Adopt CO 2 gas-shielded medicine core weldering (FCAW), wlding is that Hyundai flux-cored wire S81-K2 gage of wire is Φ 1.2 (mm of unit), and relevant wlding specifications parameter is shown in Table 1; Welding condition is shown in Table 2.
Table 1 Hyundai (HYUNDAI) flux-cored wire specification
Table 2 welding condition
4, horse plate tack welding
Divide 8 parts at the outer side surface of four pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1, G2, G3, G4 etc., the position of 8 horse plate A, A1, B, B1, C, C1, D, D1 is determined in line, and every block of horse plate is crossed on weld seam F place, and horse plate notch alignment weld seam F, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Sidepiece and the second pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G2 with 8 horse plate A, A1, B, B1, C, C1, D, D1 welds earlier, then with the other side and the 3rd pitch circle shape sleeve part G3 welding, when horse plate A, A1, B, B1, C, C1, D, D1 and the 3rd pitch circle shape sleeve part welding G3 weld, weld simultaneously by two welders, and welding parameter is identical.
The welding sequence of 8 horse plate A, A1, B, B1, C, C1, D, D1 is horse plate A and the A1 that first step welding is positioned at X-direction, the welding of second step is positioned at horse plate B, the B1 of Y direction, the 3rd step welding is positioned at second and the horse plate C and the C1 of four-quadrant direction, the 4th step welding is positioned at first and the horse plate D and the D1 of third quadrant direction, as shown in Figure 2.
The fillet weld size of horse plate tack welding is 10mm, and every section fusion length is 130mm.Utilize and rotate rigidity and the constraint (restraint) degree that moulding bed fixedly increases weldment, can reach the purpose that reduces its distortion.
5, groove welding
(1) tack welding.The inboard pole ceramic substrate that pastes of weld seam reaches 160 ℃ of preheat temperatures to heating with oxy-acetylene is roasting.Tack welding in the beginning groove by two welder's symmetrical weldings, and adopts interrupted welding (being spot welding) during welding.The setting welding current is 200A, and weldingvoltage is 25V, and speed of welding is 100mm/min; Root ceramic substrate JN408; Preheat temperature is 160 ℃, and interlayer temperature is 220 ℃; Protective gas is carbon dioxide (CO
2), gas flow is 20L/min; Welding current and polarity are DC.RP (dc reverse connection); Oscillating quantity is 18mm.
Welding method and order, as shown in Figure 3.Symmetric position split fix simultaneously weldering: the first step is welded at X-axis symmetric position M and M1, second step is in Y-axis symmetric position N and N1 welding, the 3rd step is second and four-quadrant symmetric position O and O1 welding, the 4th step is first and the symmetric position P of third quadrant and P1 welding, as shown in Figure 3.The alternately weldering of the interior outside each layer symmetry, as shown in Figure 4: the first step goes on foot in inboard 2, the three steps of S welding in outside W welding 1, the second and welds 4 in 3, the four steps of outside W welding at inboard S; Each layer symmetry alternately weldering in the outside can make the angular distortion of inside and outside side cancel out each other in adopting.When Y-axis symmetric position N and N1 welding, interrupted welding (being spot welding) is all adopted on two surfaces under the situation of same current up and down; Tack welding length is 150mm, and the tack welding height is 15mm.
In the welding of circular casing bilateral symmetry, the butt joint of two pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G2 and G3 is carried out the butt joint of two ends pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1 and G2 and G3 and G4, as shown in Figure 6 again in the middle of finishing earlier by the even numbers welder.
(2) back welding.Behind the groove tack welding, carry out backing welding in the outside, the backing welding THICKNESS CONTROL is at 4mm.
(3) fill weldering.When the butt joint welding of carrying out sleeve pipe G2 and G3, not that one-time continuous is finished circumferential weld, but circumference be divided into 8 equal portions that every section arc length is 400mm.The welding of each step is adopted the interior outside each layer symmetry to replace spot welding and is finished, after first step welding (shown in a step among Fig. 5) is finished, to stop (shown in b step among Fig. 5) behind circular casing rotation 90 degree, then carry out the welding of second step, weld simultaneously by the even numbers welder equally, after this step, welding was finished, continuation stops (shown in c step among Fig. 5) after circular casing is rotated 45 degree, carry out the welding of the 3rd step, also weld simultaneously by the even numbers welder, after this step, welding was finished, stop (shown in d step among Fig. 5) after again circular casing being rotated 45 degree, carry out the welding of the 4th step, the welder welds simultaneously by even numbers, back and forth proceeds to this road (butt joint of sleeve pipe G2 and G3) seam welding and finishes.Carry out the butt joint of two ends pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1 and G2 and G3 and G4 then according to the welding method of this road weld seam.The alternately weldering of the interior outside each layer symmetry, as shown in Figure 4: the first step welds 1 at outside W, postwelding removal liner, gouge back chipping and polishing.Second step went on foot in inboard S welding 4 in outside W welding 3, the four in inboard 2, the three steps of S welding; Each layer symmetry alternately weldering in the outside can make the angular distortion of inside and outside side cancel out each other in adopting.
Utilize milligram to eliminate welding residual stress by vibration stress elimination instrument in the groove in the welding process.After each step welding finishes, utilize milligram can a vibration stress to eliminate processings that eliminate stress of an instrument butt welded seam metal, girth joint one all about 2 to 3 minutes can increase substantially the fatigue strength of welding point.
Three, welding back slow cooling is handled.
Welding finishes (when comprising Halfway Stopping), immediately with weld seam and on every side 75mm wrap insulation with interior zone with asbestos cloth, slow cooling control is per hour lowered the temperature about 45 ℃.
Four, to adopting the semicircle sleeve pipe that semi auto cutting machine cuts into to be needed, be installed in then in ten thousand tons of jacket launching barge pin joint construction units by the integrally welded circular casing of the four pitch circle shape sleeve pipe G1, G2, G3, the G4 that forge.
In the process of welding, draw a finer wire by center, two outer faces, on circular casing length, on average get position everywhere, measuring steel wire is to the range deviation of barrel, to measure its axiality in same disk.Coaxiality deviation reaches the requirement of design standard regulation less than 2mm at 0.5mm-0.8mm.
The content that does not describe in the embodiment of the invention is a prior art, so, give unnecessary details no longer in detail.
The welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls of the present invention can effectively prevent welding deformation, improve welding quality.
1, selects carbon dioxide gas arc welding (FCAW).The heat input of various welding methods is different, thereby the distortion that produces is also different.Concentration of energy and the lower welding method of heat input can effectively reduce welding deformation.With other welding method contrasts, have less heat input during the carbon dioxide gas arc welding welding, the distortion that welding is big thick is less, and therefore the welding efficiency height selects carbon dioxide gas arc welding (FCAW).
2, select for use gas shield flux-cored wire (Hyundai flux-cored wire) as welding material.Hyundai flux-cored wire Super Cored 81-K2 is equivalent to AWS 5.29 model E81T1-K2, uses pure CO
2Protective gas; Yield strength is 540MPa, and tensile strength is 620MPa, and impact flexibility is 75J (40 ℃); 55 (60 ℃).This welding material is a kind of full position, microalloy gas shield flux-cored wire; it has splendid mechanical performance, outstanding low-temperature impact toughness and anti-fatigue performance, outstanding solderability; characteristics such as splash less, appearance of weld is good are particularly suitable for application scenarios such as offshore drilling platform, large ship load steel structure.
3, select rational weld groove shape and size, reduce weld seam quantity as far as possible, the position while welding arrangement is reasonable.Guaranteeing that structure has under the prerequisite of enough bearing capacitys, adopting the little weld size of trying one's best.The banjo fixing butt jointing of same thickness, in the angular deformation of V-weld greater than the double-V groove weld seam.Lay particular stress on for the bigger banjo fixing butt jointing of thickness of slab and to get two-sided symmetrical X-type groove and replace double V-groove, bevel angle is got minimum angles, because to certain thickness plate, the deposited metal amount of X type groove approximately lacks 1/2 than double V-groove, to reduce welding deformation.As long as conditions permit adopts section bar, stamping parts more; Many and intensive place adopts casting-weldering co-ordinative construction at weld seam, just can reduce weld seam quantity.Appropriate design should be as far as possible be arranged in weld seam on the neutral axis of structural section or near neutral axis, makes every effort to the distortion opposite sign but equal magnitude in the neutral axis both sides, plays the effect of cancelling out each other.
4, adopt the fixing method that rigidly fixes of horse plate tack welding.The method that rigidly fixes by the horse plate can be combined into weldment the bigger symmetrical structure of rigidity, has increased the rigidity and the constraint (restraint) degree of welding, thereby has reduced welding deformation.
5, welding parameter such as control reasonable preheating temperature and interlayer temperature and heat input.The sweating heat input is the key factor that influences deflection, after welding method is determined, can control the heat input by regulating welding parameter.Guaranteeing under penetration and the flawless prerequisite of weld seam, should adopt little sweating heat input as far as possible.According to the characteristics of weldment structure, can use the influence rule of heat input neatly to welding deformation, go the control distortion.Because circle cover butt joint welding, bigger heat input can cause welding deformation, brings error for circle cover straight line precision.Therefore want strict control weldingvoltage, electric current, speed of welding and weld width, adopt multilayer welding, select less heat input, reduce welding deformation for every layer.
6, use the welding residual stress method of eliminating in the welding process.Though when structural design, considered the problem of welding residual stress, on technology, also take certain measure to prevent or reduced welding residual stress, but because still may there be bigger welding residual stress in the complexity of welding stress after structure has been welded.In addition, certain structures also may produce new residual stress in assembling process, and these welding residual stresses and erection stress all can influence the serviceability of structure.Whether postwelding needs to eliminate residual stress, usually considers decision by design department according to multiple combined factors such as the construction of the performance of steel, thickness of slab, structure and service conditions.
7, sequence of fitting and welding is very big to the influence of Welding Structure distortion, therefore, selects reasonably assembling and welding sequence, can make welding deformation reduce to minimum.Select rational assemble sequence to be, the assembling center-line joint refills and joins two abutted seams earlier; The welding sequence of selecting is, adopts welding symmetric arrangement structure by even number welder symmetrical welding, the method that long weld seam welding is alternately welded to two ends symmetry backstep and the interior outside each layer symmetry by the centre.
8, after welding finished, butt welded seam and peripheral region thereof had enclosed asbestos cloth and have been incubated the slow cooling processing, eliminate welding residual stress.
Therefore, adopt the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls of the present invention, can make the welding deformation amount of weldment be controlled at coaxiality deviation after the butt joint in the scope of 0.5mm to 0.8mm, the pipe butt joint coaxiality deviation that reaches the design standard regulation is controlled at 2mm with interior standard, has solved the defective that existing welding method can not guarantee pipe butt joint back coaxiality deviation; Welding quality shows that through Shandong Technology Univ's physical and chemical experiment report the average tensile strength of testpieces is 543N/mm
2,-40 degree, average ballistic work is 155J, satisfies the weld properties requirement fully.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls, comprise and set the preceding preparatory process of weldering that welds environmental condition, preparation groove and cleaning thereof, groove butt joint assembling, selected welding method, welding material and welding parameter, setting protective gas and parameter thereof, set preheat temperature and interlayer temperature, weldment are fixed, groove welding sequence and postweld heat preservation treatment process, this groove welding sequence comprises tack welding, back welding and filling weldering; It is characterized in that welding environmental condition before the described weldering in the preparatory process is controlled wind speed and maintenance surface of the work drying to be welded; The groove type of welding point is two-sided symmetrical X type, and groove and both sides thereof are cleared up, and removes foreign material; Groove butt joint assembling mode is two pitch circle shape sleeve pipes in the middle of the butt joint earlier, carries out the butt joint of two ends sections again; Selected welding method is the weldering of gas shield medicine core, and welding material is the Hyundai flux-cored wire, and protective gas is a carbon dioxide; Described preheat temperature is 160 ℃ to 170 ℃, and interlayer temperature is 170 ℃ to 250 ℃; Fixing horse plate tack welding and the groove tack welding of adopting of described weldment; The segmentation symmetrical welding is adopted in tack welding in the described groove welding sequence and back welding, fills weldering and adopts the outside alternately welding of symmetry successively in the segmentation; Described welding post processing is that butt welded seam and peripheral region thereof carry out slow cooling to be handled when welding Halfway Stopping or welding end.
2, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the angle of described two-sided symmetrical X type groove is 40 to 45 degree, and root face length is 4mm to 6mm, and root gap is 6mm to 8mm; Described groove cleaning is that the scope of groove and both sides 20 ± 5mm thereof is cleared up.
3, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described welding method is the weldering of gas shield medicine core, and it is the Hyundai flux-cored wire of 1.2mm that welding material adopts diameter; Described protective gas is a carbon dioxide, and gas flow rate is 18 to 20L/min.
4, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the fixing horse plate tack welding of described weldment comprises horse plate layout location, the welding sequence of horse plate and the setting of welding parameter; Wherein, the layout of horse plate location is in the equidistant correspondence of circular casing outer side surface several piece horse plate to be set, and every block of horse plate is crossed on the commissure, and horse plate notch alignment weld seam; The welding sequence of every block of horse plate is that first step welding is striden and established weld seam one side part, the welding of second step is positioned at the part of weld seam opposite side, and the welding of second step adopts two sides welding mode simultaneously to carry out, the welding sequence of several piece horse plate is the horse plate that first step welding is positioned at X-direction, the welding of second step is positioned at the horse plate of Y direction, the 3rd step welding is positioned at second and the horse plate of four-quadrant direction, and the welding of the 4th step is positioned at first and the horse plate of third quadrant direction; The fillet weld size of horse plate tack welding is 10 ± 3mm, and fusion length is 130 ± 3mm; The welding current of described horse plate tack welding is 160 to 200A, and weldingvoltage is 23 to 28V, and speed of welding is 80 to 100mm/min.
5, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the segmentation welding of described groove tack welding, back welding is in proper order, the first step is welded in the X-axis symmetric position, second step welded in the Y-axis symmetric position, the 3rd step is in the second and the four-quadrant symmetric position welding, and the 4th step is first and the symmetric position welding of third quadrant; Described groove is filled the successively symmetrical alternately welding in the interior outside of weldering segmentation, and the rotation pipe makes the welding position remain at the Y-axis symmetric position, according to welding sequence pipe is rotated respective angles, outside welding in pipe step by step; Should in the welding in the outside be that the first step is welded in the outside in proper order, second step, the 3rd step, the 4th step welded in the inboard again again in outside welding in inboard welding; The welding mode of groove tack welding is spot welding, and tack welding length is 150 to 160mm, and the tack welding height is 15 ± 3mm.
6, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 1 or 5 is characterized in that, the welding current of described groove welding sequence is 160 to 200A, and weldingvoltage is 23 to 28V, and speed of welding is 80 to 100mm/min; The root ceramic substrate; Preheat temperature is 160 to 170 ℃, interlayer temperature≤250 ℃; Protective gas is a carbon dioxide, and gas flow is 18 to 20L/min; Welding current and polarity are dc reverse connection; The swing maximum is 20mm.
7, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 1 or 5 is characterized in that, utilizes milligram can a vibration stress to eliminate an instrument in the described groove tack welding process and eliminates a welding residual stress.
8, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the weld seam inboard of tack welding adds the pole ceramic substrate in the described groove, and the symmetric position welding is to carry out simultaneously.
9, the welding method of circular casings with large-thickness casing walls according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the scope that described slow cooling is handled is weld seam and the zone of 70+10mm on every side thereof, and slow cooling is treated to per hour lowers the temperature less than 50 ℃.
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Address after: 100010 Chaoyangmen North Street, Dongcheng District, Dongcheng District, Beijing Co-patentee after: Offshore Oil Engineering Co., Ltd. Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 100010 Chaoyangmen North Street, Dongcheng District, Dongcheng District, Beijing Co-patentee before: Offshore Oil Engineering Co., Ltd. Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation |