CN102489888A - Welding method for high-strength steel truss-type cantilever crane - Google Patents
Welding method for high-strength steel truss-type cantilever crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102489888A CN102489888A CN2011103855262A CN201110385526A CN102489888A CN 102489888 A CN102489888 A CN 102489888A CN 2011103855262 A CN2011103855262 A CN 2011103855262A CN 201110385526 A CN201110385526 A CN 201110385526A CN 102489888 A CN102489888 A CN 102489888A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding method for a high-strength steel truss-type cantilever crane. A main chord tube and a branch tube which are used as main parts of the high-strength steel truss-type cantilever crane are high-strength Q620E steel pipes. Feeding, open phase transversal and beveled edges of the steel pipes are cut and formed at one time by using a three-dimensional full-automatic numerical control steel pipe flame cutter. The main chord tube and the branch tube which are spliced are fixed by a tool plate. After local preheating, symmetrical welding and welding from the middle to both sides and from bottom to top are adopted, flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) is adopted during welding and the arc is struck inside the beveled edge of a workpiece. The method provided by the invention not only ensures the welding quality of the high-strength steel truss-type cantilever crane with attractive appearance of welding lines, but also is simple and convenient to manufacture, is easy to control welding deformation and has low welding cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method, be specifically related to the welding method that a kind of critical piece adopts high-strength steel Q620E steel pipe manufacturing high-strength steel truss-like jib.
Background technology
Along with expanding economy; Increasing goliath is used widely, and jib is parts important in such crane in the derrick crane, and large-scale derrick crane generally adopts the truss-like jib; Its maximum characteristic is that jib is in light weight; If jib can alleviate its deadweight, in fact just can increase its lifting capacity, so have very important significance.The jib of large-scale derrick crane is stressed bigger, and stressed complicacy, and existing lift heavy load also has shock loading, wind load or the like, so the manufacturing of jib is had relatively high expectations, and jib is a steel construction, so high to the welding quality requirement.Past is because the influence of weld horizontal and welding process factor etc. is generally adopted low-alloy steel such as Q345, these material good welding performance; Weldquality guarantees easily, but the jib weight of making still lays particular stress on, if adopt high-strength steel such as Q620E; Jib will alleviate greatly; Making large-scale crane becomes possibility, for the strict ocean platform crane of complete machine quality requirement, has great importance especially.
At present, the welding of high strength Q620E steel pipe truss formula jib, still blank at home, the welding of similar material jib is only arranged; Like WDB620, the intensity of material is hanged down 100MPa, perhaps similar high-intensity box-structure; Adopt common welding technique, welding cost is high, and welding efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The welding method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high strength Q620E steel pipe manufacturing truss-like jib; This method can not only guarantee the welding quality of jib, and simple for production, and welding deformation is easy to control; Welding that can efficient, high-quality completion jib, and welding cost is low.
The objective of the invention is to realize in the following manner; A kind of welding method of high-strength steel truss-like jib comprises following processing step: the 1. blanking of main chord tube and arm, bevel; 2. put monolithic ground appearance, make moulding bed; 3. main chord tube splicing, correction, flaw detection; 4. on moulding bed, carry out burst and make, appearance is assembled to each arm on the main chord tube over the ground; 5. put generally appearance, base area appearance is made overall moulding bed; 6. make the middle part three dimensional unit; 7. with parts such as jib head, jib afterbody, pulley support adorn respectively the weldering and eliminate stress; It is characterized in that: main chord tube and arm adopt high strength steel pipe, its blanking, open intersection and groove all adopts excision forming of cutting machine; The splicing of main chord tube and arm is fixed by the frock plate, after the local preheating, adopt the symmetry welding and from the centre to both sides, welding direction from top to bottom welds; During welding; Striking in workpiece grooves, welding wire is not swung when downhand welding or overhead welding, and vertical position welding can be swung 10～15mm; Continuous welding, postheating.
Said high strength steel pipe is a low-alloy Q620E steel pipe, steel pipe thickness 12～20mm;
Said cutting machine adopts three-dimensional full-automatic numerical control steel pipe flame cutting machine, and its cutting torch is the rapid diffusion type, to the distance of workpiece be 10～15mm; The larynx in cutting oxygen hole directly is 0.2～0.3mm; Preheat flame power is 6～8.3L/min, and propane pressure is 35～45kPa, and oxygen pressure is 200～250kPa, and cutting speed is 40～45cm/min.
Flame gun local preheating is adopted in said preheating, and preheat temperature is 120～180 ℃, and interlayer temperature is 120～180 ℃, and the preheating scope is weld seam and periphery 70～90mm.
Flux cored wire arc welding is adopted in said welding, and gage of wire is 1.0～1.5 cm, and the heat input of welding is 18KJ/cm～24KJ/cm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following tangible advantage:
1, three-dimensional full-automatic numerical control steel pipe flame cutting machine is adopted in the cutting of intersection and groove, and its excision forming had both guaranteed the groove quality, practiced thrift cost again.
2, adopt frock plate fixation workpiece, do not install horse plate and spot welding on workpiece additional, eliminated formation of crack, guaranteed the welding quality of jib.
3, adopt FCAW, i.e. flux cored wire arc welding, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and the low hydrogen welding method is guaranteed welding quality, reduces welding cost, and welding efficiency is higher.
4, pulley support is processed the laggard row welding that puts in place as widget, and postwelding is not processed, and has practiced thrift processing cost greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a truss-like jib structure sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that main chord tube of the present invention docks the groove sketch map with main chord tube.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is main chord tube, arm and steel plate bevel for welding sketch map.
Fig. 4 main chord tube of the present invention and arm bevel for welding sketch map.
Fig. 4 A is an A place groove sketch map among Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 B is a B place groove sketch map among Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 C is a C place groove sketch map among Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is a frock plate fixation workpiece sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is main chord tube of the present invention or arm butt joint tack welding sketch map.
Among the figure, jib afterbody 1, main chord tube 2, arm 3, pulley support 4, jib head 5, steel plate 6, frock plate 7, moulding bed 8.
The specific embodiment
Following examples will combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of welding method of high-strength steel truss-like jib, the critical piece main chord tube 2 of jib adopts high strength steel pipe to make with arm 3, and concrete processing step is following:
1. the blanking of main chord tube 2 and arm 3, open intersection and groove.Main chord tube 2 all adopts high-strength Q620E steel pipe with arm 3, and this steel pipe is a low-alloy high-strength steel, steel pipe thickness 12mm, and excision forming of three-dimensional full-automatic numerical control steel pipe flame cutting machine is all adopted in the cutting of all intersections and groove.The cutting torch of flame cutting adopts 1# divergent bore nozzle (diffused), and the distance of cutting torch to workpiece is 10mm; The larynx in cutting oxygen hole directly is 0.2mm; Preheat flame power is 6L/min; Propane pressure is 35kPa; Oxygen pressure is 200kPa; Cutting speed is 40cm/min.Cutting speed is adjusted according to the thickness of cutting material, guarantees the roughness of cut surface, does not cut breach.Main chord tube 2 and main chord tube 2 to dock groove as shown in Figure 2, bevel angle R1 is 50 ± 5 degree, welded gaps F1 is 5mm; Main chord tube 2 is as shown in Figure 3 with the groove of steel plate 6, and bevel angle R2 is 50 ± 5 degree, and welded gaps F2 is 5mm; Main chord tube 2 is as shown in Figure 4 with the groove of arm 3.Among Fig. 4, A place groove is shown in Fig. 4 A, and when the setting angle R6 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 150～90 when spending, bevel angle R3 is 45～50 degree; B place groove is shown in Fig. 4 B, and when the setting angle R7 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 90～75 when spending, bevel angle R4 is 45～50 degree; C place groove is shown in Fig. 4 C, and when the setting angle R8 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 75～45 when spending, bevel angle R5 is 30～35 degree.Should clean out after all groove cuttings, groove is neat, and roughness reaches below the 100 μ m.
2. put monolithic ground appearance, make moulding bed 7.
3. the splicing of main chord tube 2, correction, flaw detection.Before the welding, adopt fixedly main chord tube 2 of frock plate 7 earlier, as shown in Figure 5; Carry out preheating again, flame gun local preheating is adopted in preheating, and preheat temperature is 120 ℃; Treat to measure after flame gun is left preheating position 2min, the preheating scope is weld seam and peripheral 70mm, and interlayer temperature is 120 ℃; Elder generation's tack welding, the position of tack welding is in 10 and 2 positions (hour position on time) of main chord tube 2, and length 20 mm are as shown in Figure 6, the high 3mm of weld seam.During welding, adopt the symmetry welding and from the centre to both sides, welding direction from top to bottom carries out, striking in workpiece grooves, welding wire is not swung when downhand welding or overhead welding, vertical position welding can be swung 10mm, continuous welding, postwelding covers slow cooling with asbestos; Postwelding inspection linearity, undesirable employing hydraulic press is proofreaied and correct, and carries out 100%RT defect detecting test.
4. on moulding bed, carry out burst and make, appearance is assembled to each arm 3 on the main chord tube 2 over the ground.Assembling and welding process with step 3..
5. put generally appearance, base area appearance is made overall moulding bed 7.
6. make the middle part three dimensional unit.Process allowance 100mm is stayed at two ends when making the middle part three dimensional unit, when assembling jib head 5, jib afterbody 1 more over the ground appearance cutting surplus can guarantee the length of jib.Assembling and welding process with step 3..
7. jib head 5, jib afterbody 1, the parts such as pulley support 4 that process are adorned weldering respectively.Pulley support 4, welds after machining end face and endoporus put in place as widget, and postwelding is not processed.Assembling and welding process with step 3..
8. all weld seams adopt the mechanical oscillation mode to eliminate stress.
Above-mentioned steps 2., 5. in, the ground appearance of emitting is wanted accurately, and reduces the temperature difference as far as possible, when making flat section with three dimensional unit, must on moulding bed 7, make, adopt laser transit put kind, and carry out with evening in the morning as far as possible.It is high that moulding bed 7 precision of making are wanted, and must on moulding bed, make when making flat section and three dimensional unit, and moulding bed 7 will be checked with laser transit.
Above-mentioned steps 3., 4. in, the linearity of participating in the part of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 before the assembling must guarantee, otherwise take the cold school of hydraulic press; The linearity of the main chord tube 2 that splicing is good can check that like the undesirable cold school of hydraulic press of will taking, fit-up gap and groove must adhere to specification, and guaranteeing to satisfy under the prerequisite of design, reduces as far as possible and fills metal.
Above-mentioned steps 3., 4., 6., 7. in, the assemble sequence of whole jib is the splicing of single main chord tube earlier, makes in flakes again, makes medial section then, the pulley support and the aft mount that processing are put in place are at last carried out self-contained again.The welding sequence of whole jib is welding from the middle to both ends, the weld seam of elder generation's weldering and bottom string pipe, and the weld seam of back weldering and top string pipe can reduce welding deformation and welding stress.Flux cored wire arc welding (FCAW) is adopted in all welding, and gage of wire is 1.0 cm, and the heat input of welding is 18KJ/cm.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of welding method of high-strength steel truss-like jib, the critical piece main chord tube 2 of jib adopts high strength steel pipe to make with arm 3, and concrete processing step is following:
7. the blanking of main chord tube 2 and arm 3, open intersection and groove.Main chord tube 2 all adopts high-strength Q620E steel pipe with arm 3, and this steel pipe is a low-alloy high-strength steel, steel pipe thickness 16mm, and excision forming of three-dimensional full-automatic numerical control steel pipe flame cutting machine is all adopted in the cutting of all intersections and groove.The cutting torch of flame cutting adopts 1# divergent bore nozzle (diffused), and the distance of cutting torch to workpiece is 12mm; The larynx in cutting oxygen hole directly is 0.25mm; Preheat flame power is 7.5L/min; Propane pressure is 40kPa; Oxygen pressure is 220kPa; Cutting speed is 42cm/min.Cutting speed is adjusted according to the thickness of cutting material, guarantees the roughness of cut surface, does not cut breach.Main chord tube 2 and main chord tube 2 to dock groove as shown in Figure 2, bevel angle R1 is 50 ± 5 degree, welded gaps F1 is 6mm; Main chord tube 2 is as shown in Figure 3 with the groove of steel plate 6, and bevel angle R2 is 50 ± 5 degree, and welded gaps F2 is 6mm; Main chord tube 2 is as shown in Figure 4 with the groove of arm 3.Among Fig. 4, A place groove is shown in Fig. 4 A, and when the setting angle R6 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 150～90 when spending, bevel angle R3 is 45～50 degree; B place groove is shown in Fig. 4 B, and when the setting angle R7 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 90～75 when spending, bevel angle R4 is 45～50 degree; C place groove is shown in Fig. 4 C, and when the setting angle R8 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 75～45 when spending, bevel angle R5 is 30～35 degree.Should clean out after all groove cuttings, groove is neat, and roughness reaches below the 100 μ m.
8. put monolithic ground appearance, make moulding bed 7.
9. the splicing of main chord tube 2, correction, flaw detection.Before the welding, adopt fixedly main chord tube 2 of frock plate 7 earlier, as shown in Figure 5; Carry out preheating again, flame gun local preheating is adopted in preheating, and preheat temperature is 150 ℃; Treat to measure after flame gun is left preheating position 2min, the preheating scope is weld seam and peripheral 80mm, and interlayer temperature is 150 ℃; Elder generation's tack welding, the position of tack welding is in 10 and 2 positions (hour position on time) of main chord tube 2, and length 20 mm are as shown in Figure 6, the high 3.5mm of weld seam.During welding, adopt the symmetry welding and from the centre to both sides, welding direction from top to bottom carries out, striking in workpiece grooves, welding wire is not swung when downhand welding or overhead welding, vertical position welding can be swung 12mm, continuous welding, postwelding covers slow cooling with asbestos; Postwelding inspection linearity, undesirable employing hydraulic press is proofreaied and correct, and carries out 100%RT defect detecting test.
10. on moulding bed, carry out burst and make, appearance is assembled to each arm 3 on the main chord tube 2 over the ground.Assembling and welding process with step 3..
7. jib head 5, jib afterbody 1, the parts such as pulley support 4 that process are adorned weldering respectively.Pulley support 4, welds after machining end face and endoporus put in place as widget, and postwelding is not processed.Assembling and welding process with step 3..
8. all weld seams adopt the mechanical oscillation mode to eliminate stress.
Above-mentioned steps 2., 5. in, the ground appearance of emitting is wanted accurately, and reduces the temperature difference as far as possible, when making flat section with three dimensional unit, must on moulding bed 7, make, adopt laser transit put kind, and carry out with evening in the morning as far as possible.It is high that moulding bed 7 precision of making are wanted, and must on moulding bed, make when making flat section and three dimensional unit, and moulding bed 7 will be checked with laser transit.
Above-mentioned steps 3., 4. in, the linearity of participating in the part of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 before the assembling must guarantee, otherwise take the cold school of hydraulic press; The linearity of the main chord tube 2 that splicing is good can check that like the undesirable cold school of hydraulic press of will taking, fit-up gap and groove must adhere to specification, and guaranteeing to satisfy under the prerequisite of design, reduces as far as possible and fills metal.
Above-mentioned steps 3., 4., 6., 7. in, the assemble sequence of whole jib is the splicing of single main chord tube earlier, makes in flakes again, makes medial section then, the pulley support and the aft mount that processing are put in place are at last carried out self-contained again.The welding sequence of whole jib is welding from the middle to both ends, the weld seam of elder generation's weldering and bottom string pipe, and the weld seam of back weldering and top string pipe can reduce welding deformation and welding stress.Flux cored wire arc welding (FCAW) is adopted in all welding, and gage of wire is 1.2 cm, and the heat input of welding is 21KJ/cm.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of welding method of high-strength steel truss-like jib, the critical piece main chord tube 2 of jib adopts high strength steel pipe to make with arm 3, and concrete processing step is following:
The blanking of
main chord tube 2 and arm 3, open intersection and groove.Main chord tube 2 all adopts high-strength Q620E steel pipe with arm 3, and this steel pipe is a low-alloy high-strength steel, steel pipe thickness 20mm, and excision forming of three-dimensional full-automatic numerical control steel pipe flame cutting machine is all adopted in the cutting of all intersections and groove.The cutting torch of flame cutting adopts 1# divergent bore nozzle (diffused), and the distance of cutting torch to workpiece is 15mm; The larynx in cutting oxygen hole directly is 0.3mm; Preheat flame power is 8.3L/min; Propane pressure is 45kPa; Oxygen pressure is 250kPa; Cutting speed is 45cm/min.Cutting speed is adjusted according to the thickness of cutting material, guarantees the roughness of cut surface, does not cut breach.Main chord tube 2 and main chord tube 2 to dock groove as shown in Figure 2, bevel angle R1 is 50 ± 5 degree, welded gaps F1 is 8mm; Main chord tube 2 is as shown in Figure 3 with the groove of steel plate 6, and bevel angle R2 is 50 ± 5 degree, and welded gaps F2 is 8mm; Main chord tube 2 is as shown in Figure 4 with the groove of arm 3.Among Fig. 4, A place groove is shown in Fig. 4 A, and when the setting angle R6 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 150～90 when spending, bevel angle R3 is 45～50 degree; B place groove is shown in Fig. 4 B, and when the setting angle R7 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 90～75 when spending, bevel angle R4 is 45～50 degree; C place groove is shown in Fig. 4 C, and when the setting angle R8 of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 is 75～45 when spending, bevel angle R5 is 30～35 degree.Should clean out after all groove cuttings, groove is neat, and roughness reaches below the 100 μ m.
Splicing, correction, the flaw detection of
main chord tube 2.Before the welding, adopt fixedly main chord tube 2 of frock plate 7 earlier, as shown in Figure 5; Carry out preheating again, flame gun local preheating is adopted in preheating, and preheat temperature is 180 ℃; Treat to measure after flame gun is left preheating position 2min, the preheating scope is weld seam and peripheral 90mm, and interlayer temperature is 180 ℃; Elder generation's tack welding, the position of tack welding is in 10 and 2 positions (hour position on time) of main chord tube 2, and length 20 mm are as shown in Figure 6, the high 4mm of weld seam.During welding, adopt the symmetry welding and from the centre to both sides, welding direction from top to bottom carries out, striking in workpiece grooves, welding wire is not swung when downhand welding or overhead welding, vertical position welding can be swung 15mm, continuous welding, postwelding covers slow cooling with asbestos; Postwelding inspection linearity, undesirable employing hydraulic press is proofreaied and correct, and carries out 100%RT defect detecting test.
7. jib head 5, jib afterbody 1, the parts such as pulley support 4 that process are adorned weldering respectively.Pulley support 4, welds after machining end face and endoporus put in place as widget, and postwelding is not processed.Assembling and welding process with step 3..
8. all weld seams adopt the mechanical oscillation mode to eliminate stress.
Above-mentioned steps 2., 5. in, the ground appearance of emitting is wanted accurately, and reduces the temperature difference as far as possible, when making flat section with three dimensional unit, must on moulding bed 7, make, adopt laser transit put kind, and carry out with evening in the morning as far as possible.It is high that moulding bed 7 precision of making are wanted, and must on moulding bed, make when making flat section and three dimensional unit, and moulding bed 7 will be checked with laser transit.
Above-mentioned steps 3., 4. in, the linearity of participating in the part of main chord tube 2 and arm 3 before the assembling must guarantee, otherwise take the cold school of hydraulic press; The linearity of the main chord tube 2 that splicing is good can check that like the undesirable cold school of hydraulic press of will taking, fit-up gap and groove must adhere to specification, and guaranteeing to satisfy under the prerequisite of design, reduces as far as possible and fills metal.
Above-mentioned steps 3., 4., 6., 7. in, the assemble sequence of whole jib is the splicing of single main chord tube earlier, makes in flakes again, makes medial section then, the pulley support and the aft mount that processing are put in place are at last carried out self-contained again.The welding sequence of whole jib is welding from the middle to both ends, the weld seam of elder generation's weldering and bottom string pipe, and the weld seam of back weldering and top string pipe can reduce welding deformation and welding stress.Flux cored wire arc welding (FCAW) is adopted in all welding, and gage of wire is 1.5 cm, and the heat input of welding is 24KJ/cm.
Adopt the inventive method to realize the welding that the ocean platform of 190t-40m is sling the heavy-duty machine jib, this jib length 40.5m, the biggest lifting capacity is 190t; Adopt Q620E high strength truss structure, jib deadweight 32t has practiced thrift cost greatly; Improve production efficiency, guaranteed product quality.
Claims (5)
1. the welding method of a high-strength steel truss-like jib comprises following processing step: the blanking of main chord tube and arm, bevel; Put monolithic ground appearance, make moulding bed; Main chord tube splicing, correction, flaw detection; On moulding bed, carry out burst and make, appearance is assembled to each arm on the main chord tube over the ground; Put generally appearance, base area appearance is made overall moulding bed; Make the middle part three dimensional unit; With parts such as jib head, jib afterbody, pulley support adorn respectively the weldering and eliminate stress; It is characterized in that: main chord tube (2) and arm (3) adopt high strength steel pipe, its blanking, open intersection and groove adopts excision forming of cutting machine; The splicing of main chord tube (2) and arm (3) is fixing by frock plate (7), after the local preheating, adopt the symmetry welding and from the centre to both sides, welding direction from top to bottom welds; During welding; Striking in workpiece grooves, welding wire is not swung when downhand welding or overhead welding, and vertical position welding can be swung 10～15mm; Continuous welding, postheating.
2. according to the welding method of the said a kind of high-strength steel truss-like jib of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said high strength steel pipe is a low-alloy Q620E steel pipe, steel pipe thickness 12～20mm.
3. according to the welding method of the said a kind of high-strength steel truss-like jib of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said cutting machine adopts three-dimensional full-automatic numerical control steel pipe flame cutting machine, and its cutting torch is the rapid diffusion type, to the distance of workpiece be 10～15mm; The larynx in cutting oxygen hole directly is 0.2～0.3mm; Preheat flame power is 6～8.3L/min, and propane pressure is 35～45kPa, and oxygen pressure is 200～250kPa, and cutting speed is 40～45cm/min.
4. according to the welding method of the said a kind of high-strength steel truss-like jib of claim 1; It is characterized in that: flame gun local preheating is adopted in said preheating; Preheat temperature is 120～180 ℃, and interlayer temperature is 120～180 ℃, and the preheating scope is weld seam and periphery 70～90mm.
5. according to the welding method of the said a kind of high-strength steel truss-like jib of claim 1, it is characterized in that: flux cored wire arc welding is adopted in said welding, and gage of wire is 1.0～1.5 cm, and the heat input of welding is 18KJ/cm～24KJ/cm.
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