CN112386759A

CN112386759A - Blood component separation and collection device capable of adjusting extracorporeal circulation volume

Info

Publication number: CN112386759A
Application number: CN202011432862.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龚小倩
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-10
Filing date: 2020-12-10
Publication date: 2021-02-23

Abstract

The invention discloses an extracorporeal circulation quantity adjustable blood component separation and collection device, and aims to provide an extracorporeal circulation quantity adjustable blood component separation and collection device which can adjust the extracorporeal circulation quantity, prevent whole blood and blood components from contacting with outside air in the separation process, and enable beneficial blood components to be returned to donors. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the volume of the variable volume type centrifugal cup is dynamically variable along with the volume of fluid entering the centrifugal cup, the gating valve group is provided with a fixed end and a plurality of gating ends, the fixed end of the gating valve group is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the centrifugal cup of the variable volume type centrifugal cup through a centrifugal cup connecting pipe, a component detection sensor and a quantitative pump are arranged on the centrifugal cup connecting pipe, and the gating ends of the gating valve group are respectively connected with a mixed solution and each component blood collecting container. The invention can adjust the extracorporeal circulation volume of the donor, can complete the separation of blood components with trace whole blood, can reduce the probability and strength of adverse reaction of the donor in the donation reaction because the whole blood and the blood components do not contact with the outside air in the separation process, can stop the risk of bacterial and virus infection, can simplify the design difficulty of product consumables, improve the yield and protect the safety of the donor.

Description

Blood component separation and collection device capable of adjusting extracorporeal circulation volume

Technical Field

The invention relates to an adjustable extracorporeal circulation amount blood component separation and collection device which is mainly used in blood cell separation, cell culture population separation and immiscible liquid separation devices and can effectively separate different components.

Background

Whole blood is a mixture of which the main components are classified into plasma, platelets, white blood cells and red blood cells. Blood component separation is a technique of separating different blood components of whole blood by processing the whole blood according to different indexes such as density and viscosity of the different blood components so as to collect part of the blood components as required. In the blood component separation and collection, the collection consumable is often connected to the human body, and after the target blood component is separated and collected, the residual blood component is returned to the human body, so that the disposable sterilization consumable is needed. Whole blood and blood components should be reduced from contacting the air during the operation process to reduce the risk of bacterial and viral infections, thereby ensuring donor safety.

When a donor donates blood components, an excessive extracorporeal circulation is a major cause of the donation reaction of the donor. Mild donation reactions include pale complexion, dizziness and the like, moderate donation reactions include chest distress, nausea, vomiting, skin wetness and coldness, palpitation and the like, severe donation cerebral ischemia symptoms, syncope, convulsion, loss of consciousness, persistent hypotension, bradycardia and the like. Especially children and the elderly need to collect certain blood components during the special treatment process. The existing conventional blood component separation and collection device has too large external circulation volume and cannot meet the requirements of the physical conditions of patients at that time, so that a plurality of patients have to give up treatment.

The blood component separation device generally belongs to three types of medical instruments, has high safety requirements, and mainly adopts three modes of a cup type centrifugal separation device, a belt type centrifugal separation device and an isolated blood test tube separation device in the traditional blood component separation process. The above three methods all have the following problems and defects:

1. cup type centrifugal separation device

A cup type centrifugal separation device adopts a fixed-volume centrifugal cup, the extracorporeal blood circulation volume of the cup type centrifugal separation device is generally larger than 300mL, and the centrifugal separation cup is provided with two ports, wherein one port is a whole blood inlet, and the other port is a component blood outlet. The problems and defects of overlarge extracorporeal blood circulation amount, complex processing of the centrifugal cup and easy leakage and cup explosion of the centrifugal cup in the blood component separation and collection process exist.

2. Belt type centrifugal separation device

For the belt type centrifugal separation device, a fixed volume type centrifugal belt is adopted, the extracorporeal blood circulation volume is generally more than 170mL, and the centrifugal belt is generally provided with four ports, wherein one port is a whole blood inlet, and the other three ports are three blood component outlets. The problems and defects of large extracorporeal blood circulation amount, complex processing of a centrifugal belt and complex processing of a centrifugal belt matched with a centrifugal machine exist.

3. Separation device for in vitro blood test tube

The separation device of the isolated blood test tube can only separate the isolated blood, and the whole blood and blood components have the process of contacting with the outside air in the separation process. Easily causes the pollution of blood components, causes bacterial and viral infection, and has the problems and defects that the redundant blood components can only be discarded, thereby causing the loss of the beneficial blood components of the donor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and the defects of the prior art, and provides the blood component separation and collection device with adjustable extracorporeal circulation volume, which is free from contact with outside air in the separation process and can return beneficial blood components to donors.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: an adjustable extracorporeal circulation blood component separation and collection device, comprising: at least one gate valve group 4 and variable positive displacement centrifuge cup 1, its characterized in that: the volume of the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 is dynamically variable along with the volume of fluid entering the centrifugal cup, the gating valve group 4 is provided with a fixed end 22 and a plurality of gating ends, the fixed end 22 of the gating valve group 4 is communicated with the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23 of the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 through a centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5, the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 is provided with a component detection sensor 2 and a quantitative pump 3, and the gating ends of the gating valve group 4 are respectively connected with whole blood and each component blood collection container.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the extracorporeal blood circulation volume is adjustable, and the probability and the strength of adverse reaction of blood component donors can be reduced. The invention adopts the quantitative pump 3 to control the total blood volume entering the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1, can adjust the extracorporeal circulation volume of the donor, can realize the separation and collection of blood components by trace whole blood, and can effectively reduce the probability and the intensity of adverse effects of the donor caused by overlarge extracorporeal blood circulation volume in the component blood donation process.

Effectively putting an end to the pollution risk. The whole blood component separation and collection process of the invention has no contact between the blood and the component blood and the outside air, and can effectively avoid the risk of bacterial and viral infection.

The safety is high. The invention adopts the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 with only one centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, the processing difficulty of the centrifugal cup is low, the yield is high, the risks of leakage and cup explosion of the centrifugal cup in the blood component separation and collection process are greatly reduced, and the safety of donors is improved.

The loss of beneficial blood components of the donor is less. In the process of separating and collecting the component blood, the blood components which do not need to be collected and are beneficial to the donor can be returned to the human body of the donor on line, and the loss of the beneficial blood components of the donor is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the functional linkage of the donor's on-line unilamellar leucocytes of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of centrifugal stratification of the donor of FIG. 1 after on-line apheresis of functional whole blood enters a centrifuge cup;

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the online functional plasma reinfusion of the donor of FIG. 1 into the human body via single buffy coat cell;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of collecting the leucoderma cells of the donor of FIG. 1 for on-line single-harvest leucoderma cell function;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the donor's online apheresis functional red blood cell transfusion system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the end of functional collection of donor on-line leukapheresis cells of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the functional connection of the donor of FIG. 1 for on-line separation of component blood;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of centrifugal stratification after on-line separation of functional whole blood into a centrifuge cup from the donor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the on-line blood component separation function of the donor of FIG. 1 for plasma collection;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the principle of collecting leucocytes for the donor's on-line separation of component blood of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the on-line blood component separation function of the donor of FIG. 1 for red blood cell collection;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the end of collection of the on-line blood component separation function of the donor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the functional connection of separated blood components of the whole blood ex vivo of FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the principle of centrifugal stratification after separation of separated blood components from the whole extracorporeal blood of FIG. 1 into a centrifuge cup;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the plasma collection function of the isolated whole blood of FIG. 1;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the principle of collecting leucocyte layer cells by separating component blood from the whole blood ex vivo of FIG. 1;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the red blood cell collection function of the separated blood component of the whole blood ex vivo of FIG. 1;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the end of collection of separated blood components from the whole blood ex vivo of FIG. 1.

In the figure: 1 variable volume formula centrifugation cup, 2 composition detection sensors, 3 quantitative pumps, 4 gate valves, 5 centrifugation cup connecting pipes, 6 whole blood connecting pipes, 7 plasma connecting pipes, 8 tunica albuginea layer cell connecting pipes, 9 erythrocyte connecting pipes, 10 erythrocyte collecting containers, 11 tunica albuginea layer cell collecting containers, 12 plasma collecting containers, 13 separation whole blood containers, 14 erythrocytes, 15 tunica albuginea layer cells, 16 plasma, 17 human blood vessels, 18 whole blood connecting ends, 19 plasma connecting ends, 20 tunica albuginea layer cell connecting ends, 21 erythrocyte connecting ends, 22 stiff ends, 23 centrifugation cup access & exit, 24 separation whole blood.

Detailed Description

Embodiment 1:

see fig. 1. In a preferred embodiment described below, an adjustable extracorporeal circulation blood component separation and collection apparatus comprises: at least one gate valve group 4 and variable positive displacement centrifuge cup 1, its characterized in that: the volume of the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 is dynamically variable along with the volume of fluid entering the centrifugal cup, the gating valve group 4 is provided with a fixed end 22 and a plurality of gating ends, the fixed end 22 of the gating valve group 4 is communicated with the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23 of the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 through a centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5, the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 is provided with a component detection sensor 2 and a quantitative pump 3, and the gating ends of the gating valve group 4 are respectively connected with whole blood and each component blood collection container.

See fig. 2. In this embodiment, the gating end of the gating valve set 4 is respectively provided with a whole blood connecting end 18 and a tunica albuginea cell connecting end 20, the whole blood connecting end 18 is communicated with the human blood vessel 17 through a whole blood connecting pipe 6, and the tunica albuginea cell connecting end 20 is communicated with the tunica albuginea cell collecting container 11 through a tunica albuginea cell connecting pipe 8.

See fig. 3. Controlling the gating valve group 4 to enable a fixed end 22 of the gating valve group 4 to be communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the albuginea cell connecting end 20, the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 starts to rotate, and the quantitative pump 3 rotates forwards. Whole blood quantitatively controlled by the rotation angle of the quantitative pump 3 enters the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 from the human blood vessel 17 through the whole blood connecting tube 6 and the centrifugal cup connecting tube 5. The whole blood is separated into red blood cells 14, leucocytes 15 and plasma 16 in the variable volume centrifuge cup 1 from the outside to the inside by the centrifugal force and the difference in specific gravity.

See fig. 4. Keeping the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 rotating, the quantitative pump 3 reversing, the plasma 16 in the centrifugal cup enters the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 from the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, when the component detection sensor 2 detects that the component in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 is the plasma 16, the gating valve group 4 is controlled, the fixed end 22 of the gating valve group 4 is communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the white membranous layer cell connecting end 20, the plasma 16 enters the human blood vessel 17 through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 and the whole blood connecting pipe 6, and the plasma 16 is returned to the human body.

See fig. 5. After the plasma 16 in the centrifugal cup is completely transfused, the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 is kept to rotate, the quantitative pump 3 is reversely rotated, the leucocyte 15 in the centrifugal cup enters the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 from the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, when the component detection sensor 2 detects that the component in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 is the leucocyte 15, the gate valve group 4 is controlled, the fixed end 22 of the gate valve group 4 is not communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is communicated with the leucocyte connecting end 20, the leucocyte 15 enters the leucocyte collecting container 11 through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 and the leucocyte connecting pipe 8, and the leucocyte collection is started.

See fig. 6. When the leucocyte 15 in the centrifugal cup is completely collected, the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 is kept to rotate, the quantitative pump 3 is reversely rotated, the red blood cells 14 in the centrifugal cup enter the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 from the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, when the component detection sensor 2 detects that the components in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 are the red blood cells 14, the gate valve group 4 is controlled, the fixed end 22 of the gate valve group 4 is communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the leucocyte connecting end 20, the red blood cells 14 enter the human blood vessel 17 through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 and the whole blood connecting pipe 6, and the red blood cells are returned.

See fig. 7. After the red blood cells 14 in the centrifugal cup are completely returned, the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 stops rotating, the quantitative pump 3 stops rotating, and the blood component separation is completed.

Embodiment 2:

See fig. 8. In this embodiment, the gating end of the gating valve set 4 is respectively provided with a whole blood connecting end 18, a plasma connecting end 19, a leucocyte connecting end 20 and an erythrocyte connecting end 21, the whole blood connecting end 18 is communicated with the human blood vessel 17 through a whole blood connecting pipe 6, the plasma connecting end 19 is communicated with the plasma collecting container 12 through a plasma connecting pipe 7, the leucocyte connecting end 20 is communicated with the leucocyte collecting container 11 through a leucocyte connecting pipe 8, and the erythrocyte connecting end 21 is communicated with the erythrocyte collecting container 10 through an erythrocyte connecting pipe 9.

See fig. 9. Controlling the gating valve group 4 to ensure that a fixed end 22 of the gating valve group 4 is communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the plasma connecting end 19, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the leucocyte layer cell connecting end 20, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the red blood cell connecting end 21, the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 starts to rotate, and the quantitative pump 3 rotates forwards. Whole blood quantitatively controlled by the rotation angle of the quantitative pump 3 enters the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 from the human blood vessel 17 through the whole blood connecting tube 6 and the centrifugal cup connecting tube 5. The whole blood is separated into red blood cells 14, leucocytes 15 and plasma 16 in the variable volume centrifuge cup 1 from the outside to the inside by the centrifugal force and the difference in specific gravity.

See fig. 10. Keep variable positive displacement formula centrifuge cup 1 rotatory, the reversal of dosing pump 3, plasma 16 gets into centrifuge cup connecting pipe 5 from centrifuge cup access & exit 23 in the centrifuge cup, when composition detection sensor 2 detects that the interior composition of centrifuge cup connecting pipe 5 is plasma 16, control gate valve group 4, make the stiff end 22 of gate valve group 4 not communicate whole blood link 18, stiff end 22 communicates plasma link 19, stiff end 22 does not communicate albuginea layer cell link 20, stiff end 22 does not communicate red blood cell link 21, plasma 16 gets into plasma collection container 12 through centrifuge cup connecting pipe 5 and plasma connecting pipe 7, begin to collect plasma.

See fig. 11. When the plasma 16 in the centrifugal cup is completely collected, the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 is kept rotating, the quantitative pump 3 is reversed, the leucocyte 15 in the centrifugal cup enters the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 from the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, when the component detection sensor 2 detects that the component in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 is the leucocyte 15, the gate valve group 4 is controlled, the fixed end 22 of the gate valve group 4 is not communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the plasma connecting end 19, the fixed end 22 is communicated with the leucocyte connecting end 20, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the red blood cell connecting end 21, the leucocyte 15 enters the leucocyte collecting container 11 through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 and the leucocyte connecting pipe 8, and the leucocyte starts to be collected.

See fig. 12. When the leucocyte 15 in the centrifugal cup is completely collected, the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 is kept rotating, the quantitative pump 3 is reversely rotated, the red blood cells 14 in the centrifugal cup enter the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 from the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, when the component detection sensor 2 detects that the components in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 are the red blood cells 14, the gate valve group 4 is controlled, the fixed end 22 of the gate valve group 4 is not communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the plasma connecting end 19, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the leucocyte connecting end 20, the fixed end 22 is communicated with the red blood cell connecting end 21, and the red blood cells 14 enter the red blood cell collecting container 10 through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 and the red blood cell connecting pipe.

See fig. 13. When the red blood cells 14 in the centrifugal cup are completely collected, the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 stops rotating, the quantitative pump 3 stops rotating, and the blood component separation is completed.

Embodiment 3:

See fig. 14. In this embodiment, the gating end of the gating valve set 4 is respectively provided with a whole blood connecting end 18, a plasma connecting end 19, a leucocyte connecting end 20 and a red blood cell connecting end 21, the whole blood connecting end 18 is communicated with the whole blood container 13 in vitro through a whole blood connecting pipe 6, the plasma connecting end 19 is communicated with the plasma collecting container 12 through a plasma connecting pipe 7, the leucocyte connecting end 20 is communicated with the leucocyte collecting container 11 through a leucocyte connecting pipe 8, and the red blood cell connecting end 21 is communicated with the red blood cell collecting container 10 through a red blood cell connecting pipe 9.

See fig. 15. Controlling the gating valve group 4 to ensure that a fixed end 22 of the gating valve group 4 is communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the plasma connecting end 19, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the leucocyte layer cell connecting end 20, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the red blood cell connecting end 21, the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 starts to rotate, and the quantitative pump 3 rotates forwards. The separated whole blood 24 which is controlled and quantified by the rotation angle degree of the quantitative pump 3 enters the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 from the separated whole blood container 13 through the whole blood connecting pipe 6 and the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5. The whole blood 24 after separation is separated into red blood cells 14, leucocytes 15 and plasma 16 in the variable volume centrifuge cup 1 from outside to inside due to the centrifugal force and the difference in specific gravity.

See fig. 16. Keep variable positive displacement formula centrifuge cup 1 rotatory, the reversal of dosing pump 3, plasma 16 gets into centrifuge cup connecting pipe 5 from centrifuge cup access & exit 23 in the centrifuge cup, when composition detection sensor 2 detects that the interior composition of centrifuge cup connecting pipe 5 is plasma 16, control gate valve group 4, make the stiff end 22 of gate valve group 4 not communicate whole blood link 18, stiff end 22 communicates plasma link 19, stiff end 22 does not communicate albuginea layer cell link 20, stiff end 22 does not communicate red blood cell link 21, plasma 16 gets into plasma collection container 12 through centrifuge cup connecting pipe 5 and plasma connecting pipe 7, begin to collect plasma.

See fig. 17. When the plasma 16 in the centrifugal cup is completely collected, the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 is kept rotating, the quantitative pump 3 is reversed, the leucocyte 15 in the centrifugal cup enters the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 from the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, when the component detection sensor 2 detects that the component in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 is the leucocyte 15, the gate valve group 4 is controlled, the fixed end 22 of the gate valve group 4 is not communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the plasma connecting end 19, the fixed end 22 is communicated with the leucocyte connecting end 20, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the red blood cell connecting end 21, the leucocyte 15 enters the leucocyte collecting container 11 through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 and the leucocyte connecting pipe 8, and the leucocyte starts to be collected.

See fig. 18. When the leucocyte 15 in the centrifugal cup is completely collected, the variable volume type centrifugal cup 1 is kept rotating, the quantitative pump 3 is reversely rotated, the red blood cells 14 in the centrifugal cup enter the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 from the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet 23, when the component detection sensor 2 detects that the components in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 are the red blood cells 14, the gate valve group 4 is controlled, the fixed end 22 of the gate valve group 4 is not communicated with the whole blood connecting end 18, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the plasma connecting end 19, the fixed end 22 is not communicated with the leucocyte connecting end 20, the fixed end 22 is communicated with the red blood cell connecting end 21, and the red blood cells 14 enter the red blood cell collecting container 10 through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe 5 and the red blood cell connecting pipe.

See fig. 19. When the red blood cells 14 in the centrifugal cup are completely collected, the variable volume centrifugal cup 1 stops rotating, the quantitative pump 3 stops rotating, and the blood component separation is completed.

The above-described embodiments are not limited to the use for blood component separation, but may be used for cell culture population separation, immiscible liquid separation, and the like.

The foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention and it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable extracorporeal circulation blood component separation and collection device, comprising: at least one gate valve group (4) and a variable volume centrifuge cup (1), characterized in that: the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) is only provided with a centrifugal cup inlet and outlet (23), whole blood enters the centrifugal cup and is discharged from the centrifugal cup through component blood to share the inlet and outlet, the volume of the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) is dynamically variable along with the volume of fluid entering the centrifugal cup, the gating valve group (4) is provided with a fixed end (22) and a plurality of gating ends, the fixed end (22) of the gating valve group (4) is communicated with the centrifugal cup inlet and outlet (23) of the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) through a centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5), the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) is provided with a component detection sensor (2) and a quantitative pump (3), and the gating ends of the gating valve group (4) are respectively connected with a whole blood and component blood collecting container.

2. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: the number of the gating end interfaces of the gating valve group (4) can be increased or decreased according to the number of the target component collection types, and is at least not less than two.

3. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: and controlling the gate valve group (4) to enable a fixed end (22) of the gate valve group (4) to be communicated with the mixed liquid connecting end, and controlling the quantitative mixed liquid to enter the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) through the inlet and outlet (23) of the centrifugal cup through the positive rotation angle degree of the quantitative pump (3). The mixed liquid is subjected to centrifugal force in the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1), and components are separated from outside to inside in a layered mode due to different specific gravities.

4. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: after the mixed solution quantitatively enters the centrifugal cup, the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) is kept to rotate, the quantitative pump (3) is reversed, the layered single-component liquid in the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) sequentially enters the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) from the inlet and the outlet (23) of the centrifugal cup from inside to outside, the component detection sensor (2) detects that the liquid in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) is the target single-component liquid to be collected, the gating valve group (4) is controlled, the fixed end (22) of the gating valve group (4) is communicated with the gating end of the target single-component liquid to be collected, and the purposes of separating and collecting the components are achieved.

5. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) is only provided with one centrifugal cup inlet and outlet (23), the dynamic change mode of the volume of the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) can be a piston type, a flexible membrane type or other modes, the volume of the centrifugal cup can be dynamically changed along with the volume of fluid entering the centrifugal cup within a certain range, the quantitative entering of mixed liquid into the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) and the discharge of single-component liquid out of the centrifugal cup can be realized in a mode of stretching or extruding the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) without a quantitative pump (3).

6. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: when the last component of the mixed liquid is separated and collected, the rotation of the volumetric centrifugal cup (1) can be stopped in advance.

7. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: controlling the gating valve group (4), enabling a fixed end (22) of the gating valve group (4) to be communicated with the whole blood connecting end (18), the fixed end (22) to be not communicated with the plasma connecting end (19), the fixed end (22) to be not communicated with the leucocyte connecting end (20), the fixed end (22) to be not communicated with the erythrocyte connecting end (20), and the variable volume centrifugal cup (1) to start to rotate, and the quantitative pump (3) rotates forwards. The whole blood which is controlled and quantified through the rotation angle degree of the quantitative pump (3) enters the variable volume type centrifugal cup through the whole blood connecting pipe (6) and the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) from the human body blood vessel (17). The whole blood is subjected to centrifugal force in the variable volume type centrifugal cup (1) and is separated into red blood cells (14), white membrane cells (15) and plasma (16) in a layering mode from outside to inside due to the fact that the whole blood is subjected to the centrifugal force and the specific gravity of the whole blood is different.

8. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: keep variable positive displacement formula centrifuge cup (1) rotatory, dosing pump (3) reversal, plasma (16) get into centrifuge cup connecting pipe (5) from centrifuge cup access & exit (23) in the centrifuge cup, when composition detection sensor (2) detected that composition is plasma (16) in centrifuge cup connecting pipe (5), control gate valve group (4), stiff end (22) intercommunication whole blood link (18) that make gate valve group (4), stiff end (22) do not communicate leucocyte layer cell link (20), plasma (16) are through centrifuge cup connecting pipe (5) and whole blood connecting pipe (6) entering human blood vessel (17), reinfuse plasma (16) to the human body. After plasma (16) in the centrifugal cup is completely transfused, leucocyte cells (15) in the centrifugal cup enter a centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) from a centrifugal cup inlet and outlet (23), when the composition detection sensor (2) detects that the composition in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) is leucocyte cells (15), the gating valve group (4) is controlled, a fixed end (22) of the gating valve group (4) is not communicated with a whole blood connecting end (18), the fixed end (22) is communicated with the leucocyte cell connecting end (20), the leucocyte cells (15) enter a leucocyte collecting container (11) through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) and the leucocyte cell connecting pipe (8), and leucocyte collection is started. After leucocyte (15) in the centrifugal cup is completely collected, red blood cells (14) in the centrifugal cup enter a centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) from a centrifugal cup inlet and outlet (23), when the composition detection sensor (2) detects that the composition in the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) is the red blood cells (14), the gating valve group (4) is controlled, a fixed end (22) of the gating valve group (4) is communicated with a whole blood connecting end (18), the fixed end (22) is not communicated with the leucocyte connecting end (20), the red blood cells (14) enter a human body blood vessel (17) through the centrifugal cup connecting pipe (5) and the whole blood connecting pipe (6), and the red blood cells are returned. When the red blood cells (14) in the centrifugal cup are completely transfused, the variable volume centrifugal cup (1) stops rotating, and the quantitative pump (3) stops rotating.

9. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: the separable mixed solution is not limited to blood, and may be used for cell culture population separation, separation of immiscible liquids, and the like.

10. The apparatus for the adjustable extracorporeal blood component separation and collection of claim 1, wherein: the gating valve group (4) can be realized by one integral valve group or can be realized by a plurality of independent switch valve combinations.