CN112383331B - Electric power wireless sensor network communication device based on 5G-IoT technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power wireless communication, in particular to a power wireless sensor network communication device based on a 5G-IoT technology. The system comprises a radio frequency receiving unit, an intermediate frequency and baseband unit and a main control unit; the radio frequency receiving unit comprises an MIMO on-chip dual-polarized integrated antenna and a local oscillator filtering and mixing module; the intermediate frequency and baseband unit is used for completing the conversion between the intermediate frequency analog signal and the digital baseband signal and distributing time slots and channels for each signal; the main control unit controls the radio frequency receiving unit and the intermediate frequency and baseband unit by using the instruction set. The invention covers three signal processing flows of radio frequency, intermediate frequency and baseband, and by means of the flexibility of 5G network networking, a large number of communication paths and time sequences of sensor terminals under the control can be managed and controlled by one base station, and temporary communication support can be provided between the terminals under the condition that the base station fails, so that the communication distance is ensured, and the invention can be fully applied to the application environment for electric power.

Description

Power wireless sensor network communication device based on 5G-IoT technology

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of power wireless communication, and is a power wireless sensor network communication device based on 5G-IoT technology.

Background technique

The power grid has proposed the three-year realization goal of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things. The ubiquitous Internet of Things is to use a wide range of access communication capabilities to connect the sensing units at the end of the Internet of Things and centrally manage a large number of sensing nodes. The number of devices monitored.

At present, the power system has fully absorbed various communication methods currently used by operators, and solves the sensor access problem of the power Internet of Things from short-medium-long communication technologies at different levels. The representative short-to-medium communication is zigbee, Bluetooth, etc., long-distance communication is a 4G wireless private network, but in the application process, it is found that due to the distance limitation of the short-to-medium distance, each gateway cannot cover too many terminals, which is not suitable for the expansion of the number and types of terminals in the ubiquitous power Internet of Things; 4G Due to the serious distance attenuation and the large bandwidth of the frequency band, each sub-band carries a sensor service. On the one hand, frequency resources are wasted, and on the other hand, the number of connected terminals is extremely limited.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a power wireless sensor network communication device based on 5G-IoT technology. Problem with covering too many terminals.

The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a power wireless sensor network communication device based on 5G-IoT technology, including a radio frequency receiving unit, an intermediate frequency and baseband unit, and a main control unit;

The radio frequency receiving unit includes a MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna and a local oscillator filter mixing module, the MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna receives or sends a radio frequency analog signal, and the local oscillator filter frequency mixing module combines the frequency of the received signal with the local The vibration frequency is mixed to complete the conversion between the RF analog signal and the intermediate frequency analog signal;

The intermediate frequency and baseband unit completes the conversion between the intermediate frequency analog signal and the digital baseband signal, and allocates time slots and channels for each signal;

The main control unit uses an instruction set to control the radio frequency receiving unit, the intermediate frequency and the baseband unit.

Below is the further optimization or/and improvement to above-mentioned technical scheme of the invention:

The above-mentioned MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna is a multi-array antenna with a double-layer antenna structure, including an upper layer and a lower layer; the lower layer is provided with a feed circuit, and the feed circuit includes a coupler, a power splitter and an adjustable phase shifter. The coupler and the adjustable phase shifter are connected with the power divider; the upper layer is provided with a radiation feeding cavity.

The above-mentioned power divider is a bifurcated waveguide power divider of 1 point and 4 equals, including 1 input port and 4 output ports. The power values of the 4 output ports are equal and the absolute value of the phase difference between the two is 0, 1. The four input ports are arranged on the lower layer, the four output ports are arranged on the upper layer, and the radio frequency analog signal is radiated from the lower layer to the upper layer.

The above-mentioned local oscillator filter frequency mixing module includes a frequency divider and a multi-channel local oscillator filter frequency mixer circuit, and each local oscillator filter frequency mixer circuit includes a mixer, a first filter bank, a frequency and phase detector, a second filter Filter group, denoising oscillating circuit, mixer, first filter group, frequency and phase detector, second filter group, denoising oscillating circuit are connected in series in sequence, and the frequency divider is respectively connected with each local oscillator filter mixing circuit mixer connection.

The above-mentioned intermediate frequency and baseband unit includes an intermediate frequency processing module and a baseband processing module; the intermediate frequency processing module is used for converting between intermediate frequency analog signals and intermediate frequency digital signals; the baseband processing module is used for obtaining and modulating and demodulating baseband digital signals, and is provided with layered Tree slot structure, assigning slots and channels to each signal.

The present invention enhances the usability of the module through technologies such as miniaturization, low power consumption, and on-chip integration, and covers the three major signal processing processes of radio frequency, intermediate frequency, and baseband. By controlling the communication path and timing of the terminals, the terminals can also provide temporary communication support when the base station fails, which not only ensures the communication distance, but also can be fully applied to the power application environment, fully demonstrating 5G technology to the ubiquitous The impact and changes brought about by the power Internet of Things.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the circuit structure diagram of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural diagram of the drive module of the main control unit of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural diagram of the MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic structural diagram of the 1-4-equal bifurcated waveguide power divider of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the structural diagram of the local oscillator filter frequency mixing module of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of time slot allocation in the present invention.

The codes in the drawings are respectively: 1 is the upper layer, 2 is the lower layer, and 3 is the radiation feeding cavity.

Detailed ways

The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific implementation methods can be determined according to the technical solutions of the present invention and actual conditions.

In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of each component is described according to the layout of the drawings in the specification, such as: the positional relationship of upper, lower, left, right, etc. is based on the drawings in the specification determined by the layout direction.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

As shown in Figure 1, the power wireless sensor network communication device based on 5G-IoT technology includes a radio frequency receiving unit, an intermediate frequency and baseband unit, and a main control unit;

The radio frequency receiving unit includes a MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna and a local oscillator filter mixing module, the MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna receives or sends a radio frequency analog signal, and the local oscillator filter frequency mixing module combines the frequency of the received signal with the local The vibration frequency is mixed to complete the conversion between the RF analog signal and the intermediate frequency analog signal;

The intermediate frequency and baseband unit completes the conversion between the intermediate frequency analog signal and the digital baseband signal, and allocates time slots and channels for each signal;

The main control unit uses an instruction set to control the radio frequency receiving unit, the intermediate frequency and the baseband unit.

In the above technical solution, the MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna is a double-layer on-chip integrated antenna. The MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna integrates multiple miniaturized antenna branches, and the transmission between channels does not interfere with each other, and can form multiple directional Beamforming is used to receive sensor terminal services within its jurisdiction. The local oscillator filter frequency mixing module can set the basic frequency value of the local oscillator in advance, mix the frequency of a single radio frequency analog signal with the local oscillator frequency, complete the conversion between the radio frequency analog signal and the intermediate frequency analog signal, reduce the noise frequency, and complete the intermediate frequency Front-end processing.

In the above technical solution, the intermediate frequency and baseband unit is used for intermediate frequency processing and baseband processing, thereby completing the switching between the intermediate frequency analog signal and the digital baseband signal.

In the above technical solution, the main control unit notifies the execution action and time of each unit module in the device through the bus by issuing control commands, so as to maintain the order of the flow in the device. The main control unit can adopt the form of DSP+ARM, has serial and parallel business processing capabilities, accurately controls the calculation and transmission of digital signals, and provides fast decision-making and judgment support for front-end data access. In order to ensure the flexibility of the management means of the main control unit and the miniaturization of the modules, the main control unit can be developed with an open embedded operating system, and various control programs are integrated into the device in the form of software, and the mode of replacing hardware functions with software compilation, It meets the requirements of flexibility of management means and miniaturization of modules, reduces device power consumption and structure size, and meets the requirements of integrated design of sensor terminals.

For example, BSP develops software modules under the Nucleus embedded real-time operating system, and encapsulates the underlying driver library. As shown in accompanying drawing 2, the control program module embedded in the Nucleus development template may include a clock driver module, an interrupt control driver module, a bus control driver module, an interrupt configuration driver module, a startup program driver module, and a debug driver module; it is a clock driver module, Output a unified clock to keep the synchronization of the uplink and downlink data processing flow, and refer to the unified clock signal transmission; the interrupt control driver module and the interrupt configuration driver module will start immediately when facing the special situation of program execution; the startup program driver module will start different functions step by step Program driver; the debug driver module is used for external debugging; the bus control driver module is the thread control master program and also the core driver, and the internal connection of the module sends instructions through the bus.

The present invention is suitable for both transmission and reception. When in use, the present invention will be installed on both the terminal and the network side to form a sending and receiving docking mode. Only the network side configuration capacity and control functions will be configured with multiple points, so that the functional docking of the terminal module is completely covered. .

If the present invention is used to receive radio frequency analog signals, the process is as follows: first, the dual-polarization integrated antenna on the MIMO chip receives radio frequency analog signals, and the local oscillator filter frequency mixing module pre-sets the local oscillator frequency, and the frequency of the radio frequency analog signal and the local oscillator frequency Perform frequency mixing to convert the RF analog signal into an IF analog signal; then the IF and baseband unit converts the IF analog signal into a digital baseband signal. During the conversion process, due to the limited resources of the physical channel, the idle time slot can be allocated according to the priority as needed The resources are fully utilized to improve the crowded frame state and ensure that one service is transmitted in each frame; finally, the main control unit obtains the digital baseband signal for other processing, or transmits it to an external device. When the present invention is used for sending, the working process is carried out in reverse, so it will not be described in detail.

The present invention enhances the usability of the module through technologies such as miniaturization, low power consumption, and on-chip integration, and covers the three major signal processing processes of radio frequency, intermediate frequency, and baseband. By controlling the communication path and timing of the terminals, the terminals can also provide temporary communication support when the base station fails, which not only ensures the communication distance, but also can be fully applied to the power application environment, fully demonstrating 5G technology to the ubiquitous The impact and changes brought about by the power Internet of Things.

According to actual needs, the above-mentioned 5G-IoT technology-based power wireless sensor network communication device can be further optimized or/and improved:

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 3, the dual-polarized integrated antenna on the MIMO chip is a multi-array antenna with a double-layer antenna structure, including an upper layer and a lower layer; the lower layer is provided with a feed circuit, and the feed circuit includes a coupler, The power splitter and the adjustable phase shifter, the coupler and the adjustable phase shifter are connected with the power splitter; the upper layer is provided with a radiation feeding cavity.

In the above technical solution, the MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna adopts the double-layer coupling technology of the on-chip antenna and integrated packaging. Both the upper layer and the lower layer use silicon materials as the bottom plate. The silicon material has low cost, low power consumption, and high radiation efficiency. Low, low resistivity characteristics. The power divider in the lower chip adjusts the frequency point and phase of the feed circuit, and the coupler and phase shifter can adaptively adjust the phase and power value when the structure of the power divider circuit needs to be adjusted, so as to ensure the minimum loss of the feed circuit line. The radiation feeding cavity set on the upper layer can be composed of metallized apertures. The metallized apertures are composed of multiple regular gaps. The size of the gaps directly affects the radiation direction and effect of the electromagnetic field. Therefore, a square metal feeding cavity can be selected to make the radiation direction Equalization; so that the RF analog signal is radiated from bottom to top into free space, and individual beamforming can be formed. Here, the characteristics of high gain and high bandwidth of the antenna are formed by setting the appropriate waveguide integration slot distance and power amplifier parameters, which meets the access requirements of the sensor network.

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the power divider is a bifurcated waveguide power divider of 1 point and 4 equals, including 1 input port and 4 output ports, and the power values of the 4 output ports are equal The absolute value of the phase difference between them is 0, one input port is set on the lower layer, and four output ports are set on the upper layer, and the radio frequency analog signal is radiated from the lower layer to the upper layer.

The power divider is the main component of the feed circuit. The array structure composed of waveguide slits in the 1-to-4 bifurcated waveguide power divider in the above technical scheme can change the excitation mode of the radio frequency signal, adjust the direction and phase, and make the radiation beam Has a good radio frequency pattern. In order to make the antenna obtain a good electric field distribution map in the 60GHz high-frequency electric field environment, the gap spacing formed by the metal pillars of the waveguide can be set so that the absolute values of the electric fields at the four output ports are equal and the phase differences are opposite. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the RF analog signal is input at port Port1, and the output is output by four ports Port2, Port3, Port4, and Port5 at the same time. By adjusting the gap distance m5 and m8, the impedance matching degree of the power splitter can be optimized. The gap distance When the length of m2 increases, the output power of Port3 decreases and the phase advances, while the power of Port2 increases and the phase lags, and vice versa; the change rule of Port3 and Port5 is the same, so it can be seen that changing each gap The size of will change the output power and phase value. Ensuring that m1 and m3 are equal at the corner can reduce the echo attenuation of the power divider, thereby minimizing the loss of the feed circuit. The specific value of each gap spacing is set as follows:

m1=m3=1mm, m2=m4=0.5mm, m5=2mm, m6=m7=0.5mm, m8=2.5mm;

It can be seen from the above formula that, try to ensure that the slot spacing is symmetrical, the signal mapping is regular, the output port phase difference is 180°, the output power ratio is 1:1, and the antenna return loss characteristics are all below -6dB.

As shown in accompanying drawing 1, 5, described local oscillator filter frequency mixing module comprises frequency divider and multi-channel local oscillator filter frequency mixing circuit, each road local oscillator filter frequency mixing circuit all comprises mixer, the first filter bank , frequency and phase detector, second filter bank, denoising oscillating circuit, frequency mixer, first filter bank, frequency and phase detector, second filter bank, denoising oscillating circuit in series, frequency divider They are respectively connected to the mixers of each local oscillator filter mixing circuit.

In the above technical solution, the local oscillator filter mixing module includes a frequency divider and multiple local oscillator filter mixing circuits, and each local oscillator filter mixing circuit operates independently without interfering with each other, but the reference frequency in the mixer follows the power Business requirements setting, when the RF analog signal is connected, it will automatically judge the basic frequency range of the service, so as to select the appropriate local oscillator channel, and the mixer will superimpose the single RF analog signal to generate less noise frequency, saving The time for switching back and forth of the local oscillator frequency source is shortened, the intermediate frequency front-end processing process is accelerated, and the frequency divider is used for recursive control. The processing flow of a single local oscillator filter mixing circuit is simple and fast, and the signal transfer efficiency from high frequency to intermediate frequency signals is greatly improved. Each local oscillator filtering and mixing circuit adopts a frequency conversion method, which can fine-tune the signal frequency point in real time and correct the phase of the signal in time. As a result, the multi-channel local oscillator filter mixing circuit and the parallel baseband processing flow can be perfectly connected, and heterogeneous signals can be quickly processed in completely independent channels, which strongly supports the ubiquitous power Internet of Things 5G service access requirements.

As shown in accompanying drawing 1, described intermediate frequency and baseband unit comprise intermediate frequency processing module and baseband processing module; Intermediate frequency processing module is used for conversion between intermediate frequency analog signal and intermediate frequency digital signal; Baseband processing module is used for obtaining and modulating and demodulating baseband Digital signals, and set up a hierarchical tree slot structure, assigning slots and channels to each signal.

In the above technical solution, the baseband processing module is used to implement a series of wireless signal transmission communication protocol processes, such as frame structure composition, modulation and demodulation, and channel spread spectrum, and cooperates with the intermediate frequency processing module to complete random access, channel mapping, and other processes. When the IF digital signal in the baseband processing module performs baseband processing, due to the limitation of physical channel resources, the baseband processing module is equipped with a hierarchical tree-shaped time slot structure, and the idle time slot resources are fully utilized according to the priority and demand, and the crowded The frame state is improved to ensure that one service is transmitted in each frame. That is, when a service frame in the previous time slot is crowded with multiple services, it will occupy the frame structure of the subsequent time slot according to the priority order of the services. As shown in Figure 6, the service priorities are arranged in order, so it is necessary to To meet the congestion traffic of frame 1, frame 4, and frame 6 in time slot 1, two time slots are needed to bear the load. If there is only one free time slot in the network at this time, it means that the waiting time needs to be reduced. Frame 4 and frame 6 Collision services need to be re-accessed. However, generally 5G channel resources are abundant, which can basically meet the access requirements of sensor networks.

The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the present invention, which has strong adaptability and best implementation effect, and non-essential technical features can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims (3)

1. A power wireless sensor network communication device based on a 5G-IoT technology is characterized by comprising a radio frequency receiving unit, an intermediate frequency and baseband unit and a main control unit;

the radio frequency receiving unit comprises an MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna and a local oscillator filtering and mixing module, the MIMO on-chip dual-polarization integrated antenna receives or sends a radio frequency analog signal, and the local oscillator filtering and mixing module mixes the frequency of the received signal with the local oscillator frequency to complete the conversion between the radio frequency analog signal and an intermediate frequency analog signal; the MIMO on-chip dual-polarized integrated antenna is a multi-array antenna with a double-layer antenna structure and comprises an upper layer piece and a lower layer piece; the lower layer sheet is provided with a feed circuit, the feed circuit comprises a coupler, a power divider and an adjustable phase shifter, and the coupler and the adjustable phase shifter are connected with the power divider; the upper layer sheet is provided with a square radiation feed cavity; the radiation feed cavity is a metallized and regular aperture structure arranged at the bottom of the upper layer sheet, the power divider is a 1-to-4-equal-division-type waveguide power divider and comprises 1 input port and 4 output ports, the power values of the 4 output ports are equal, the absolute value of phase difference between every two output ports is 0, the 1 input port is arranged on the lower layer sheet, the 4 output ports are arranged on the upper layer sheet, and radio-frequency analog signals are radiated to the upper layer sheet from the lower layer sheet;

the intermediate frequency and baseband unit completes conversion between intermediate frequency analog signals and digital baseband signals and allocates time slots and channels for each signal;

the main control unit controls the radio frequency receiving unit and the intermediate frequency and baseband unit by using the instruction set.

2. The power wireless sensor network communication device based on the 5G-IoT technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the local oscillation filtering and mixing module comprises a frequency divider and multiple local oscillation filtering and mixing circuits, each local oscillation filtering and mixing circuit comprises a mixer, a first filter bank, a phase frequency detector, a second filter bank and a de-noising oscillation circuit, the mixer, the first filter bank, the phase frequency detector, the second filter bank and the de-noising oscillation circuit are connected in series in sequence, and the frequency divider is connected with the mixer of each local oscillation filtering and mixing circuit.

3. The 5G-IoT technology-based power wireless sensor network communication device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate frequency and baseband unit comprises an intermediate frequency processing module and a baseband processing module; the intermediate frequency processing module is used for converting intermediate frequency analog signals and intermediate frequency digital signals; the baseband processing module is used for obtaining and modulating and demodulating baseband digital signals, is provided with a layered tree-shaped time slot structure, and distributes time slots and channels for each signal.

Images