CN112383032B - Thyristor-based active direct current breaker and control method thereof - Google Patents
Thyristor-based active direct current breaker and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112383032B CN112383032B CN202011056638.9A CN202011056638A CN112383032B CN 112383032 B CN112383032 B CN 112383032B CN 202011056638 A CN202011056638 A CN 202011056638A CN 112383032 B CN112383032 B CN 112383032B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active direct current breaker based on a thyristor, which comprises 7 branches, and specifically comprises the following components: the main branch circuit 1 and the main branch circuit 2 are respectively formed by connecting a group of thyristors in series; the transfer branch circuit 1 and the transfer branch circuit 2 are both composed of a transfer thyristor and a transfer capacitor, and the two transfer branch circuits are respectively connected with the two main branch circuits in parallel; the charging branch circuit 1 and the charging branch circuit 2 are both formed by a charging resistor, and the charging branch circuit is connected to the ground from the space between a transfer capacitor and a transfer thyristor of the transfer branch circuit; the protection branch is composed of an arrester, and the branch is connected with the two main branches and the two transfer branches in parallel. The control method based on the circuit breaker can rapidly and actively cut off direct current. The invention is based on power electronic components, has no mechanical part, has the advantage of rapid action, and utilizes the thyristor of a semi-controlled device to design the circuit breaker, thereby not only reducing the on-state loss, but also reducing the investment of the direct current circuit breaker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of direct current circuit breakers, and particularly relates to an active direct current circuit breaker based on a thyristor and a control method of the active direct current circuit breaker.
Background
In recent years, the development of direct current transmission technology is rapid, and a direct current breaker required by direct current transmission protection also becomes a research hotspot. The dc breakers need to cut off the dc current very quickly to prevent the current from increasing to the converter station blocking. However, since the dc side impedance of the flexible dc system is low, the current increases rapidly during a fault, and the dc circuit breaker needs to cut off a large dc current in a very short time.
The topologies of dc circuit breakers that have been proposed are numerous, and mainly fall into 3 categories: mechanical, all solid state, hybrid. (1) Mechanical type direct current circuit breaker connects in parallel LC shock circuit on traditional mechanical switch's basis, utilizes LC shock to create the zero crossing point of mechanical switch when breaking for electric arc when mechanical switch breaks extinguishes. (2) The main branch of the all-solid-state direct current circuit breaker is formed by connecting all-control devices in series, and the all-control devices are turned off when a fault occurs. The breaker can rapidly cut off short-circuit current, but the on-state internal resistance of the full-control device is large, so that the on-state loss is large, and the investment cost of the breaker is increased due to the use of a large number of full-control devices. (3) The on-state current branch of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker is formed by connecting a mechanical switch and a small number of full-control devices in parallel, and the on-state current branch is formed by connecting the full-control devices in series. And when the fault occurs, the on-state current branch full-control device is switched off, the on-off current branch full-control device is switched on, the current is transferred to the on-off current branch, the mechanical switch starts to be switched on after the current transfer is finished, and the switching-on process of the mechanical switch lasts for 2-3 ms. After the mechanical switch is switched off, the switching-off branch circuit switches off the solid-state switch to switch off the direct current. The breaker has complex breaking process and long breaking time, and large investment is also caused by using a large number of full-control devices.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the active direct current breaker based on the thyristor and the control method thereof solve the problems that direct current cannot be actively turned off, loss is large and cost is high in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an active direct current breaker based on a thyristor comprises a protection branch circuit, a main branch circuit 1, a main branch circuit 2, a transfer branch circuit 1, a transfer branch circuit 2, a charging branch circuit 1 and a charging branch circuit 2;
the protection branch road, main branch road 1, main branch road 2, transfer branch road 1 and transfer branch road 2 are parallelly connected, the branch road 1 that charges sets up on transferring branch road 1, the branch road 2 that charges sets up on transferring branch road 2.
Further, the protection branch comprises an arrester F1, the main branch 1 comprises a thyristor V1, the main branch 2 comprises a thyristor V2, the transfer branch 1 comprises a thyristor V4 and a capacitor C2, the transfer branch 2 comprises a thyristor V3 and a capacitor C1, the charging branch 1 comprises a resistor R2, and the charging branch 2 comprises a resistor R1;
one end of the lightning arrester F1 is connected with the cathode of the thyristor V1, the anode of the thyristor V2, the anode of the thyristor V3 and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the lightning arrester F1 is connected with the anode of the thyristor V1, the cathode of the thyristor V2, one end of the capacitor C1 and the anode of the thyristor V4, the cathode of the thyristor V3 is connected with one end of the resistor R1 and the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the cathode of the thyristor V4 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and the other end of the capacitor C2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded.
Further, one end of the surge arrester F1 is referred to as point a, and the other end of the surge arrester F1 is referred to as point B.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention is based on the thyristor of the semi-controlled power electronic device, and reduces the investment of the circuit breaker and the loss in operation.
(2) The invention can realize bidirectional current breaking capability and completely and actively break direct current, and the breaking process is rapid.
(3) The invention is based on power electronic components, has no mechanical part, has the advantage of rapid action, can rapidly and actively cut off direct current, and utilizes the thyristor of a semi-controlled device to design a breaker, thereby not only reducing on-state loss, but also reducing the investment of the direct current breaker.
A control method of an active direct current breaker based on a thyristor comprises a normal operation condition and a current breaking condition;
the normal operating condition includes the steps of:
s11, conducting current to enable the thyristors in the transfer branch 1 and the transfer branch 2 to keep a locking state;
s12, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S13, otherwise, entering a step S14;
s13, controlling a thyristor V2 in the main branch circuit 2 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
s14, controlling a thyristor V1 in the main branch circuit 1 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
the method comprises the following steps under the condition of breaking the current:
s21, acquiring the flow direction of the current between the point A and the point B, and disconnecting the current;
s22, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S23, otherwise, entering a step S24;
s23, controlling the thyristor V3 in the transfer branch 2 to be turned on, providing an inverse voltage through the capacitor C1 in the transfer branch 2, turning off the thyristor V2 in the main branch 2, and going to step S25;
s24, controlling the thyristor V4 in the transfer branch 1 to be switched on, providing an inverted voltage through the capacitor C2 in the transfer branch 1, switching off the thyristor V1 in the main branch 1, and entering the step S25;
and S25, after the main branch thyristor is turned off, absorbing the system energy after the current is turned off through the lightning arrester F1 in the protection branch.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the bidirectional direct current disconnection is realized, the disconnection loss is reduced, the main branch thyristor is automatically turned off when the current is disconnected by charging the transfer branch, and the energy generated when the current is disconnected is absorbed by the lightning arrester F1 in the protection branch, so that the protection effect is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an active dc circuit breaker based on thyristors according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an active dc circuit breaker based on a thyristor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an active direct current circuit breaker based on a thyristor includes a protection branch, a main branch 1, a main branch 2, a transfer branch 1, a transfer branch 2, a charging branch 1, and a charging branch 2;
the protection branch road, main branch road 1, main branch road 2, transfer branch road 1 and transfer branch road 2 are parallelly connected, the branch road 1 that charges sets up on transferring branch road 1, the branch road 2 that charges sets up on transferring branch road 2.
The protection branch comprises a lightning arrester F1, the main branch 1 comprises a thyristor V1, the main branch 2 comprises a thyristor V2, the transfer branch 1 comprises a thyristor V4 and a capacitor C2, the transfer branch 2 comprises a thyristor V3 and a capacitor C1, the charging branch 1 comprises a resistor R2, and the charging branch 2 comprises a resistor R1;
one end of the lightning arrester F1 is connected with the cathode of the thyristor V1, the anode of the thyristor V2, the anode of the thyristor V3 and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the lightning arrester F1 is connected with the anode of the thyristor V1, the cathode of the thyristor V2, one end of the capacitor C1 and the anode of the thyristor V4, the cathode of the thyristor V3 is connected with one end of the resistor R1 and the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the cathode of the thyristor V4 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and the other end of the capacitor C2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded.
One end of the lightning arrester F1 is set as a point a, and the other end of the lightning arrester F1 is set as a point B.
The invention is used in a direct current transmission or direct current distribution system, and can actively and rapidly cut off the current on the direct current side.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention is based on the thyristor of the semi-controlled power electronic device, and reduces the investment of the circuit breaker and the loss in operation.
(2) The invention can realize bidirectional current breaking capability and completely and actively break direct current, and the breaking process is rapid.
(3) The invention is based on power electronic components, has no mechanical part, has the advantage of rapid action, can rapidly and actively cut off direct current, and utilizes the thyristor of a semi-controlled device to design a breaker, thereby not only reducing on-state loss, but also reducing the investment of the direct current breaker.
As shown in fig. 2, a control method of an active dc circuit breaker based on thyristors includes a normal operation condition and a current breaking condition;
the normal operating condition includes the steps of:
s11, conducting current to enable the thyristors in the transfer branch 1 and the transfer branch 2 to keep a locking state;
s12, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S13, otherwise, entering a step S14;
s13, controlling a thyristor V2 in the main branch circuit 2 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
s14, controlling a thyristor V1 in the main branch circuit 1 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
the method comprises the following steps under the condition of breaking the current:
s21, acquiring the flow direction of the current between the point A and the point B, and disconnecting the current;
s22, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S23, otherwise, entering a step S24;
s23, controlling the thyristor V3 in the transfer branch 2 to be turned on, providing an inverse voltage through the capacitor C1 in the transfer branch 2, turning off the thyristor V2 in the main branch 2, and going to step S25;
s24, controlling the thyristor V4 in the transfer branch 1 to be switched on, providing an inverted voltage through the capacitor C2 in the transfer branch 1, switching off the thyristor V1 in the main branch 1, and entering the step S25;
and S25, after the main branch thyristor is turned off, absorbing the system energy after the current is turned off through the lightning arrester F1 in the protection branch.
In this embodiment, the system energy refers to the energy of the entire system in which the circuit breaker operates.
In this embodiment, after the main branch thyristor is turned off, a direct current flows through the turned-on transfer branch thyristor to charge the corresponding transfer branch capacitor. The voltage of the circuit breaker is thus raised to block the direct current, and the lightning arrester of the protection branch absorbs the energy in the process of breaking the direct current.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the bidirectional direct current disconnection is realized, the disconnection loss is reduced, the main branch thyristor is automatically turned off when the current is disconnected by charging the transfer branch, and the energy generated when the current is disconnected is absorbed by the lightning arrester F1 in the protection branch, so that the protection effect is better.
Claims (3)
1. An active direct current breaker based on a thyristor is characterized by comprising a protection branch circuit, a main branch circuit 1, a main branch circuit 2, a transfer branch circuit 1, a transfer branch circuit 2, a charging branch circuit 1 and a charging branch circuit 2;
the protection branch, the main branch 1, the main branch 2, the transfer branch 1 and the transfer branch 2 are connected in parallel, the charging branch 1 is connected in parallel to the transfer branch 1, and the charging branch 2 is connected in parallel to the transfer branch 2;
wherein the protection branch comprises an arrester F1, the main branch 1 comprises a thyristor V1, the main branch 2 comprises a thyristor V2, the transfer branch 1 comprises a thyristor V4 and a capacitor C2, the transfer branch 2 comprises a thyristor V3 and a capacitor C1, the charging branch 1 comprises a resistor R2, and the charging branch 2 comprises a resistor R1;
one end of the lightning arrester F1 is respectively connected with the cathode of the thyristor V1, the anode of the thyristor V2, the anode of the thyristor V3 and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the lightning arrester F1 is respectively connected with the anode of the thyristor V1, the cathode of the thyristor V2, one end of the capacitor C1 and the anode of the thyristor V4, the cathode of the thyristor V3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1 and the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the cathode of the thyristor V4 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2 and the other end of the capacitor C2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded;
the control method of the thyristor-based active direct current breaker comprises a normal operation condition and a current breaking condition;
the normal operating condition includes the steps of:
s11, conducting current to enable the thyristors in the transfer branch 1 and the transfer branch 2 to keep a locking state;
s12, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S13, otherwise, entering a step S14;
s13, controlling a thyristor V2 in the main branch circuit 2 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
s14, controlling a thyristor V1 in the main branch circuit 1 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
the method comprises the following steps under the condition of breaking the current:
s21, acquiring the flow direction of the current between the point A and the point B, and disconnecting the current;
s22, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S23, otherwise, entering a step S24;
s23, controlling the thyristor V3 in the transfer branch 2 to be turned on, providing an inverse voltage through the capacitor C1 in the transfer branch 2, turning off the thyristor V2 in the main branch 2, and going to step S25;
s24, controlling the thyristor V4 in the transfer branch 1 to be switched on, providing an inverted voltage through the capacitor C2 in the transfer branch 1, switching off the thyristor V1 in the main branch 1, and entering the step S25;
and S25, after the main branch thyristor is turned off, absorbing the system energy after the current is turned off through the lightning arrester F1 in the protection branch.
2. The thyristor-based active direct current breaker of claim 1, wherein one end of the surge arrester F1 is designated as point a, and the other end of the surge arrester F1 is designated as point B.
3. A control method for a thyristor-based active dc breaker as claimed in claim 2 comprising a normal operating condition and an off-current condition;
the normal operating condition includes the steps of:
s11, conducting current to enable the thyristors in the transfer branch 1 and the transfer branch 2 to keep a locking state;
s12, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S13, otherwise, entering a step S14;
s13, controlling a thyristor V2 in the main branch circuit 2 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
s14, controlling a thyristor V1 in the main branch circuit 1 to be conducted, charging a capacitor C2 in the transfer branch circuit 1 to a system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 1, and charging a capacitor C1 in the transfer branch circuit 2 to the system rated voltage through the charging branch circuit 2 to complete control of the active direct current breaker;
the method comprises the following steps under the condition of breaking the current:
s21, acquiring the flow direction of the current between the point A and the point B, and disconnecting the current;
s22, judging whether the current flows from the point A to the point B, if so, entering a step S23, otherwise, entering a step S24;
s23, controlling the thyristor V3 in the transfer branch 2 to be turned on, providing an inverse voltage through the capacitor C1 in the transfer branch 2, turning off the thyristor V2 in the main branch 2, and going to step S25;
s24, controlling the thyristor V4 in the transfer branch 1 to be switched on, providing an inverted voltage through the capacitor C2 in the transfer branch 1, switching off the thyristor V1 in the main branch 1, and entering the step S25;
and S25, after the main branch thyristor is turned off, absorbing the system energy after the current is turned off through the lightning arrester F1 in the protection branch.
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| CN113852050B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-05-10 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Active turn-off type direct current solid-state circuit breaker based on capacitance commutation and control method |
| CN114512957B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-03-14 | 四川大学 | Direct current breaker based on thyristor and control method thereof |
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