CN112382264A - Broadband sound absorption structure - Google Patents
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- CN112382264A CN112382264A CN202011179765.8A CN202011179765A CN112382264A CN 112382264 A CN112382264 A CN 112382264A CN 202011179765 A CN202011179765 A CN 202011179765A CN 112382264 A CN112382264 A CN 112382264A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sound absorption and discloses a broadband sound absorption structure. The broadband sound absorption structure of the invention comprises: the sound absorption device comprises a shell, a sound absorption cavity is formed in the shell, an opening for communicating the sound absorption cavity with the external environment is formed in the shell, and a perforated plate or a thin film for inputting noise is hermetically fixed on the opening; a plurality of independent sub sound absorption cavities formed in the sound absorption cavity, wherein each sub sound absorption cavity is provided with a perforated plate or a thin film used for inputting noise in the sound absorption cavity; the sub sound absorption cavities are different in size, so that noise of the external environment enters the sound absorption cavities, and after entering the sub sound absorption cavities, the noise of the corresponding frequency band can be absorbed through the cavities of different sizes of the sub sound absorption cavities, and broadband sound absorption of the noise is achieved. The broadband sound absorption structure is small in size and good in sound absorption effect aiming at low-frequency noise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sound absorption, and particularly relates to a broadband sound absorption structure.
Background
The noise is a sound wave with abundant frequency components, comprises three frequency domains of medium, high and low, and is mechanical energy. Noise pollution brings great damage to the hearing, physiology and even psychology of people, and becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently in work, life and travel. Therefore, sound absorption structures (or sound absorption materials) are often used in daily life to absorb and reduce noise. For the middle and high frequency domains of the noise, the friction between the sound wave and the sound absorption structure (or the sound absorption material) is severe due to the middle and high frequency domains, so that the sound wave is greatly lost, and the sound absorption effect on the noise of the middle and high frequency domains is good; for the noise in the low frequency domain, because the low frequency wavelength is long, and the friction between the sound wave and the sound absorption structure (or sound absorption material) is relatively weak, how to improve the noise reduction capability of the low frequency noise is a problem which is difficult to solve in engineering.
In the prior art, the following two methods are generally adopted for low-frequency sound absorption and noise reduction: firstly, the low-frequency sound absorption and noise reduction are carried out by adopting common sound absorption materials such as cotton, hemp or polyurethane foam. The sound waves of low frequency enter the interior of the material from the pores of the sound absorbing material to cause the air in the voids to vibrate. Due to the viscous resistance of air, the friction between air and the hole wall, the heat conduction effect and the like, a part of sound energy can be converted into heat energy to be lost, and the purpose of sound absorption is achieved. However, since the friction and heat conduction of the sound-absorbing material are weak, the sound-absorbing efficiency is low when the sound-absorbing material is applied to low-frequency sound absorption; on the other hand, a resonance sound absorption structure is adopted for low-frequency sound absorption. When the frequency of the sound wave is consistent with the natural vibration frequency of the resonance sound absorption structure, the sound wave resonates with the resonance sound absorption structure, and the amplitude of the resonance sound absorption structure is maximized under the action of the sound wave, so that the sound energy is consumed, and the purpose of sound absorption is achieved. However, in order to obtain a good low frequency sound absorption effect, the thickness of the structure is generally required to be increased to increase the contact area, which results in an excessive volume and weight, and the low frequency region of sound absorption is limited only to the vicinity of the resonance frequency, so that the sound absorption region is narrow.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a broadband sound absorption structure which is small in size and good in sound absorption effect aiming at low-frequency noise.
The broadband sound absorption structure comprises: the sound absorption device comprises a shell, a sound absorption cavity is formed in the shell, an opening for communicating the sound absorption cavity with the external environment is formed in the shell, and a perforated plate or a thin film for inputting noise is hermetically fixed on the opening; a plurality of independent sub sound absorption cavities formed in the sound absorption cavity, wherein each sub sound absorption cavity is provided with a perforated plate or a thin film used for inputting noise in the sound absorption cavity; the sub sound absorption cavities are different in size, so that noise of the external environment enters the sound absorption cavities, and after entering the sub sound absorption cavities, the noise of the corresponding frequency band can be absorbed through the cavities of different sizes of the sub sound absorption cavities, and broadband sound absorption of the noise is achieved.
Further, a film for noise input is fixed on the opening, so that the sound absorption cavity is constructed as a closed cavity.
Furthermore, at least one first partition plate is arranged in the sound absorption cavity in parallel at intervals, the edge of the first partition plate is connected with the shell in a sealing mode, the first partition plate is constructed into a perforated plate or a thin film, and the sub sound absorption cavity is formed by the sound absorption cavity through the first partition plate in a separating mode.
Further, at least one second partition plate is arranged in the sub sound absorption cavity in parallel at intervals, the second partition plate is vertically connected to the first partition plate and is in sealing connection with the shell, and the second partition plate is constructed into a perforated plate or a thin film so as to further divide the sub sound absorption cavity into a plurality of sub cavities.
Furthermore, two sub sound absorption cavities are oppositely arranged in the shell, each sub sound absorption cavity is composed of two first partition plates which are arranged in parallel and at intervals and a second partition plate which is connected with the two first partition plates at an included angle, one end of each first partition plate is connected with the shell in a sealing mode, the other end of each first partition plate is connected with the corresponding second partition plate, each first partition plate is constructed as a solid plate or a thin film, and each second partition plate is constructed as a perforated plate.
Furthermore, two sub sound absorption cavities are oppositely arranged in the shell, each sub sound absorption cavity is composed of two first clapboards which are arranged in parallel and at intervals and a second clapboard which is connected with the two first clapboards at an included angle, one end of each first clapboard is fixedly connected with the shell in a sealing way, the other end of each first clapboard is fixedly connected with the second clapboard, the first clapboard of one sub sound absorption cavity is constructed to comprise a perforated plate and a solid plate, the second clapboard of the other sub sound absorption cavity is constructed to be a perforated plate, and the perforated plates of the two sub sound absorption cavities are arranged in a staggered way.
Further, at least one third partition plate is arranged in the sub sound absorption cavity in parallel with the first partition plate at intervals, the edge of the third partition plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell and the second partition plate, the third partition plate is constructed to be a solid plate or a thin film, and the sub sound absorption cavity is divided into a plurality of sub cavities by the third partition plate.
Further, the sub sound absorption cavity is configured as follows: the opening is fixed with the solid board portion in a sealing manner, the solid board portion is provided with a sound entrance hole communicated with the sound absorption cavity, two films are arranged in the sound absorption cavity in parallel and at intervals, the two films are vertically and hermetically connected to the solid board portion and the shell, and the sound entrance hole is located between the two films.
Further, an end of the housing opposite to the opening is provided as a through port for sealing connection with an external fixed base or an end of the housing opposite to the opening is sealingly connected with a sealing plate.
Further, the housing is provided to be made of a steel plate, the film is provided to be made of a rubber material, and the perforated plate is made of an aluminum plate.
Compared with the prior art, the broadband sound absorption structure has the following advantages:
1) through separating a plurality of sub sound absorption cavity at the sound absorption cavity, and each sub sound absorption cavity constructs for the cavity variation in size makes each sub sound absorption cavity as different resonance unit, has different resonant frequency, after the noise got into each sub sound absorption cavity, each sub sound absorption cavity can absorb the noise of more different frequency sections, mutual coupling between each sub sound absorption cavity simultaneously, the resonance unit mutual interference of different frequency promptly, the width of the sound absorption frequency band of wide band sound absorption structure has further been expanded, sound absorption efficiency has been improved. Especially, the sound absorption effect is obvious for low-frequency noise;
2) as the broadband sound absorption structure in the prior art is not required to be added with porous materials such as cotton and hemp to improve the sound absorption efficiency, the volume of the broadband sound absorption structure is not increased, the structure is more compact, and the thickness is smaller.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a sixth embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a seventh embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the sub sound absorbing cavity shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of an eighth embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of a ninth embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional left side view of a tenth embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view at B of the broadband sound absorbing structure of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic left side cross-sectional view of an eleventh embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention;
figure 14 is an exploded view of a twelfth embodiment of a broadband sound absorbing structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the broadband sound absorbing structure of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figures 1-14 illustrate the construction of various embodiments of a broadband sound absorbing structure 100 according to the present invention. Taking fig. 1 as an example, the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: the noise reduction device comprises a shell 1, wherein a sound absorption cavity 11 is formed in the shell 1, an opening 12 for communicating the sound absorption cavity 11 with the external environment is formed in the shell 1, and a perforated plate or a thin film for noise input is fixed on the opening 12 in a sealing manner; a plurality of independent sub sound absorption cavities 111 formed in the sound absorption cavity 11, wherein each sub sound absorption cavity 111 is provided with a perforated plate or a thin film for inputting noise in the sound absorption cavity 11; each sub sound absorption cavity 111 is configured to have a different cavity size, so that noise of an external environment enters the sound absorption cavity 11 and enters each sub sound absorption cavity 111, and then the noise of a corresponding frequency band can be absorbed by the cavities of different sizes of each sub sound absorption cavity 111, thereby realizing broadband sound absorption of the noise.
When the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the present embodiment is used, external noise can enter the sound absorbing cavity 11 in the housing 1 from the opening 12 of the housing 1, and enter the sub sound absorbing cavity 111 in the housing 1 through the perforated plate or the thin film. When the frequency of the incident sound wave is close to the resonant frequency of the sub sound absorption cavity 111, the air column at the opening 12 generates strong vibration, and the sound energy is consumed due to the viscous damping and the heat conduction, so that the sound absorption effect is obvious.
Through the above arrangement, the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the embodiment separates a plurality of sub sound absorbing cavities 111 in the sound absorbing cavity 11, and each sub sound absorbing cavity 111 is constructed in a cavity with different sizes, on one hand, the sub sound absorbing cavities 111 with different cavity sizes are arranged, so that the sub sound absorbing cavities 111 are used as different resonance units and have different resonance frequencies, after noise enters each sub sound absorbing cavity 111, each sub sound absorbing cavity 111 can absorb more noises with different frequency bands, and meanwhile, the sub sound absorbing cavities 111 are coupled with each other, that is, the resonance units with different frequencies interfere with each other, the width of the sound absorbing frequency band of the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 is further expanded, and the sound absorbing efficiency is improved. Especially, the sound absorption effect is obvious for low-frequency noise; on the other hand, as the sound absorption efficiency is improved without adding porous materials such as cotton and hemp in the broadband sound absorption structure 100 in the prior art, the volume of the broadband sound absorption structure 100 is not increased, the structure is more compact, and the thickness is smaller. The resonance frequency refers to a situation that a physical system vibrates with a larger amplitude than other frequencies under a specific frequency; this particular frequency is referred to as the resonant frequency. When the frequency of the sound wave is near the resonant frequency of the sub sound absorption cavity 111, the sound wave absorption capacity of the sub sound absorption cavity 111 is higher, and because the amplitude under the resonant frequency is the largest, the broadband sound absorption structure 100 formed by the sub sound absorption cavities 111 has a better effect of absorbing low-frequency noise.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, according to the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, a film for noise input may be fixed on the opening 12, so that the sound absorbing cavity 11 is configured as a closed cavity. Through the arrangement, the opening 12 of the shell 1 is sealed by the film, on one hand, the film at the opening 12 can be mutually coupled with the sound absorption cavity 11 which is also used as a resonance unit, the width of a sound absorption frequency band of the broadband sound absorption structure 100 is expanded, and the sound absorption efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the film can also prevent dust and dust in the external environment from entering the sound absorbing structure 100 from the opening 12, so that the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the embodiment of the invention has a better dustproof effect, and further, influence or interference on the sound absorbing process can be avoided.
In the first embodiment as shown in fig. 1 and the second embodiment as shown in fig. 2, at least one first partition plate 13A may be disposed in parallel and at an interval in the sound-absorbing chamber 11, an edge of the first partition plate 13A may be hermetically connected to the casing 1, the first partition plate 13A may be configured as a perforated plate or a thin film, and the sub sound-absorbing chamber 111 is partitioned by the sound-absorbing chamber 11 through the first partition plate 13A. With this arrangement, a plurality of sub sound-absorbing cavities 111, each formed to be distributed in order on a path along the sound incidence direction a as shown in fig. 1, can be formed, facilitating sufficient absorption of noise transmitted from the opening 12 into the housing 1. In the first embodiment shown in fig. 1, the plurality of first partition plates 13A include a perforated plate and a thin film, the perforated plate is provided with perforations of different sizes, and the plurality of first partition plates 13 partition the sound absorption cavity 11 into a plurality of sub sound absorption cavities 111 of different sizes; in the second embodiment as shown in fig. 2, one first partition plate 13A divides the sound absorption cavity 11 into two first sub sound absorption cavities 111, the first partition plate 13A is configured as a perforated plate, the perforated plate can communicate with the two adjacent first sub sound absorption cavities 111, and the perforated plate and the sub sound absorption cavities 111 resonate, so that sound waves can be consumed substantially near the resonant frequency, a large amount of sound energy can be absorbed, and sound absorption is effective.
In the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 according to the third embodiment as shown in fig. 3, at least one second partition plate 14A may be disposed in parallel and at an interval in the sub sound absorbing cavity 111, the second partition plate 14A may be vertically connected to the first partition plate 13A to be hermetically connected with the housing 1, and the second partition plate 14A may be configured as a perforated plate or a thin film to further partition the sub sound absorbing cavity 111 into a plurality of sub cavities 112. Through the arrangement, the first sub sound absorption cavity 111 can be further divided into the sub-cavities 112, so that more resonance units with different resonance frequencies are formed, sound waves with different frequencies are absorbed, the width of a sound absorption frequency band of the broadband sound absorption structure 100 can be expanded due to the mutual coupling of more resonance units, and the sound absorption efficiency is improved. The third embodiment shown in fig. 3 is based on the second embodiment shown in fig. 2, wherein one sub sound absorption cavity 111 far from the opening 12 is divided into a plurality of sub cavities 112 by a plurality of second partitions 14A, wherein the perforations of the perforated plate correspond to the respective sub cavities 112.
In the fourth embodiment shown in fig. 4, the fifth embodiment shown in fig. 5 and the embodiment shown in fig. 6, two sub sound-absorbing cavities 111 may be oppositely disposed in the casing 1, the sub sound-absorbing cavities 111 may be composed of two first partition plates 13B disposed in parallel and spaced apart from each other and a second partition plate 14B connecting the two first partition plates 13B at an included angle, one end of each first partition plate 13B may be sealably connected to the casing 1, the other end thereof may be connected to the second partition plate 14B, the first partition plate 13B may be configured as a solid plate or a film, and the second partition plate 14B may be configured as a perforated plate. Through the arrangement, the plurality of sub sound absorption cavities 111 are arranged at intervals, the slits 16 are formed between two adjacent sub sound absorption cavities 111 (the whole area ratio of the slit area to the surface where the slits are located is below 15% -20%), the slits 16 can also be formed into a resonance unit, and when sound waves are transmitted to the slits 16, mechanical energy can be consumed through friction and heat conduction, so that the sound absorption effect is achieved. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4 to 6, a slit may be formed between the other end opposite to the opening 12 and the first partition 13B adjacent thereto, the second partition 14B may be configured as a perforated plate, the perforations of the second partition 14B of the two sub sound-absorbing cavities 111 opposite to each other, the opposite perforations may form a passage for communicating the adjacent two sub sound-absorbing cavities 111, and the sound wave, when transmitted to the perforations, rubs against the inner wall of the perforations, consuming energy. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the second partition 14B forms an acute angle with each first partition 13B, which makes the sub sound-absorbing cavity 111 configured as a trapezoidal chamber, facilitating further division thereof into chambers of different sizes. In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the first partition 13B is configured as a membrane, which acts as a resonant unit, and when the sound wave is transmitted to the membrane, a large amount of shear loss is generated near the resonant frequency of the membrane, thereby consuming the sound energy; the first partition plates 13B are all provided as thin films, so that the number of the thin films can be increased, and the sound absorption efficiency is improved.
In a seventh embodiment as shown in fig. 7 and 8, two sub sound-absorbing cavities 111 may be oppositely disposed in the casing 1, the sub sound-absorbing cavities 111 may be composed of two first partition plates 13C disposed in parallel and spaced apart from each other and a second partition plate 14C connecting the two first partition plates 13C at an included angle, one end of the first partition plate 14C may be fixedly connected to the casing 1 in a sealing manner, and the other end may be fixedly connected to the second partition plate 14C, wherein the first partition plate 13C of one sub sound-absorbing cavity 111 may be configured to include a perforated plate and a solid plate, the second partition plate 14C of the other sub sound-absorbing cavity 111 may be configured to be a perforated plate, and the perforated plates of the two sub sound-absorbing cavities 111 may be disposed in a staggered manner. Through this setting for behind sound wave transmission sound absorption cavity 11, can be favorable to fully absorbing the sound wave of all directions with the perforation friction on the perforated plate of equidirectional not. Slits can be formed between the adjacent sub sound absorption cavities 111 and between the sub sound absorption cavities 111 and the inner wall of the housing 1 to form more resonance units, so that the width of a sound absorption frequency band is expanded, and the sound absorption efficiency is improved.
In the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the seventh embodiment as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the sub sound absorbing cavities 111 may also be configured as a box body in which a plurality of cavities are formed, and the box body may be made of an acryl material to have good economy and greater strength to ensure a long service life thereof.
In the embodiment as shown in fig. 5 to 8, at least one third partition 15 may be disposed in the sub sound-absorbing cavity 111 in parallel with and spaced from the first partition 13, an edge of the third partition 15 may be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing 1 and the second partition 14, the third partition 15 may be configured as a solid plate or a film, and the third partition 15 may partition the sub sound-absorbing cavity 111 into a plurality of sub cavities 112. Through this setting for sub sound absorption cavity 111 can separate and form a plurality of sub-cavitys 112, and every sub-cavitys 112 is as a resonance unit, can absorb the sound wave of more frequencies, expands the width of the sound absorption frequency band of wide band sound absorbing structure 100, can intercouple between each resonance unit simultaneously, further expands the width of the sound absorption frequency band of wide band sound absorbing structure 100, improves the sound absorption efficiency. In the fifth embodiment shown in fig. 5 and the seventh embodiment shown in fig. 7, the third separator 15 is configured as a solid plate, and in the sixth embodiment shown in fig. 6, the third separator 15 is configured as a film.
It is to be noted that, in order to distinguish the first partition plate 13 from the second partition plate 14 in the different embodiments, the first partition plate 13 will be distinguished herein in such a manner as to be 13A, 13B, and 13C …; similarly, the second partition 14 is distinguished in such a manner as to be 14A, 14B and 14C …; the first partition 13 referred to herein includes the first partition 13A, the first partition 13B, the first partition 13A … in the different embodiments; the second partition 14 includes a second partition 14A, a second partition 14B, and a second partition 14C … in different embodiments.
In the eighth embodiment as shown in fig. 9 and the ninth embodiment as shown in fig. 10, the sub sound absorbing cavity 111 may be configured as: the opening 12 is fixed with a solid plate portion 121 in a sealing manner, the solid plate portion 121 can be formed with a sound entrance hole 122 communicated with the sound absorption cavity 11, two films can be arranged in the sound absorption cavity 11 in parallel and at intervals, the two films can be vertically connected with the solid plate portion 121 and the housing 1 in a sealing manner, and the sound entrance hole 122 can be located between the two films. Through this setting for sealed perforated plate portion 121 of fixing on opening 12 can prevent that dust and the cuttings of external environment from getting into sound absorbing structure 100 from opening 12, thereby makes wide band sound absorbing structure 100 of this embodiment have better dustproof effect, and then can avoid causing influence or interference to the sound absorption process. The ninth embodiment shown in fig. 10 is based on the eighth embodiment shown in fig. 9, wherein each sub sound-absorbing cavity 111 is divided into two sub cavities 112 by a second partition 14D to form more resonant cells to absorb noise of more frequencies, wherein the second partition 14D is configured as a perforated plate. Of course, the number of the second partition plates 14D is not particularly limited, and a user may set a different number of the second partition plates 14D as desired.
According to the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the embodiment of the invention, one end of the housing 1 opposite to the opening 12 can be provided as a through opening for sealing connection with an external fixed base, or one end of the housing 1 opposite to the opening 12 can be sealed and connected with a sealing plate 18. That is, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, one end of the film may be connected to the solid plate 121, and the other end may be connected to the case 1 through the opening or the sealing plate 18. In the eighth embodiment shown in fig. 9 and the ninth embodiment shown in fig. 10, the solid plate portion 121 and the film are fixed at the opening 12 in a sealing manner, and the sealing plate 18 is connected to the end of the housing 1 opposite to the opening 12 in a sealing manner, so that the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of this embodiment is formed as a sealing structure and can be disposed at any position as required; in other embodiments, the end of the casing 1 opposite to the opening 12 is configured as a through hole in sealed connection with an external fixed foundation, and when the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 is installed, the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 needs to be attached to the external fixed foundation such as a wall surface, or an installation fixing component such as a bolt is used to connect with the external fixed foundation, and the connection mode may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, and a user may adopt different installation modes according to different requirements, which is not specifically limited herein. Of course, in other embodiments, the end of the housing 1 opposite the opening 12 may be configured to have the sealing plate 18 sealingly attached thereto, so that the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 is suitable for all applications.
In the tenth embodiment as shown in fig. 11 and 12, when the first partition 13D is provided as a perforated plate, the adjacent perforated plates may be formed with sound absorbing passages 17 extending from one of the perforated plates to the other, and the sound absorbing passages 17 may communicate with the two sub sound absorbing cavities 111 which are not adjacent. Because each sub sound absorption cavity 111 is a resonance unit, through the arrangement, two non-adjacent sub sound absorption cavities 111 can be coupled, so that a brand new resonance unit is formed, the width of the sound absorption frequency band of the broadband sound absorption structure 100 is expanded, and meanwhile, the brand new resonance unit can be further coupled with other resonance units.
According to the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the present invention, the housing 1 may be configured to be made of a steel plate, the membrane may be configured to be made of a rubber material, and the perforated plate may be made of an aluminum plate. Through the arrangement, the shell 1 and the perforated plate have higher strength, better economy and longer service life, and can be used in various occasions; the film can also have elasticity, and after sound waves are transmitted to the film, the film can deform and vibrate, so that sound energy consumption is facilitated, and the sound absorption efficiency is improved.
According to the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the embodiment, at least one mass body can be attached to the surface of the film. By taking the opening 12 as an example for sealing and fixing the film, and the sound wave passes through the opening 12, through the arrangement, after the sound wave is transmitted to the film, the film drives the mass body to vibrate, a large amount of shearing loss is generated near the resonant frequency of the film, and therefore energy is consumed, and sound energy is absorbed. Wherein, the mass body can also be arranged in the film, and the resonance frequency of the film can be adjusted by adjusting the mass of the mass body.
As shown in fig. 13, the perforations arranged in the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 of the embodiment of the present invention may be arranged in multiple rows, and the perforations in each row have different sizes and lengths, and the perforations and the sound absorbing cavities adjacent to the perforations may also form resonant units, so that sound waves are greatly consumed at a resonant frequency, and a large amount of incident sound energy is absorbed. The resonance frequency of the resonance unit can be adjusted by arranging the perforations with different sizes and lengths; the first partition 13 may be vertically disposed in the housing 1 as in the above-mentioned embodiment, or may be disposed at an included angle in the housing 1, and the second partition 14 may be laterally disposed in the housing 1 as in the above-mentioned embodiment, or may be disposed at an included angle in the housing 1.
It should be noted that the shape of the housing 1 of the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 in this embodiment is not limited to the rectangle shown in fig. 1, but may also be a circle or other shapes as shown in fig. 14, and is not specifically limited herein, and the broadband sound absorbing structure 100 in any shape absorbs sound energy by forming a plurality of different resonant cells, and the effect of the application in the low frequency sound absorbing field is significant, but is not limited to low frequency noise absorption, and may also be applied in the medium and high frequency noise sound absorbing field; meanwhile, different resonance units can be mutually coupled, and the frequency bandwidth of sound absorption is expanded.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband sound absorbing structure, comprising:
the sound absorption device comprises a shell, a sound absorption cavity is formed in the shell, an opening for communicating the sound absorption cavity with the external environment is formed in the shell, and a perforated plate or a thin film for noise input is fixed on the opening in a sealing mode;
a plurality of independent sub sound absorption cavities formed in the sound absorption cavity, wherein a perforated plate or a thin film used for inputting noise in the sound absorption cavity is arranged on each sub sound absorption cavity;
the sub sound absorption cavities are constructed in such a way that the sizes of the cavities are different, so that the noise of the external environment enters the sound absorption cavities and enters the sub sound absorption cavities, and then the noise of the corresponding frequency band can be absorbed through the cavities with different sizes of the sub sound absorption cavities, so that the broadband sound absorption of the noise is realized.
2. The broadband sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein a membrane for noise input is secured to the opening such that the sound absorbing cavity is configured as a closed cavity.
3. The broadband sound absorbing structure according to claim 2, wherein at least one first partition is disposed in the sound absorbing cavity in parallel and at an interval, an edge of the first partition is connected to the housing in a sealing manner, the first partition is configured as a perforated plate or a thin film, and the sub sound absorbing cavities are separated by the sound absorbing cavity through the first partition.
4. The broadband sound absorbing structure of claim 3 wherein at least one second partition is disposed in the sub sound absorbing cavities in parallel and spaced apart relation, the second partition being vertically connected to the first partition and sealingly connected to the housing, the second partition being configured as a perforated plate or a membrane to further divide the sub sound absorbing cavities into a plurality of cavities.
5. The broadband sound absorbing structure according to claim 2, wherein two sub sound absorbing cavities are oppositely arranged in the housing, the sub sound absorbing cavities are composed of two first partition plates which are arranged in parallel and at an interval and a second partition plate which connects the two first partition plates at an included angle, one end of each first partition plate is connected with the housing in a sealing manner, the other end of each first partition plate is connected with the second partition plate, the first partition plates are constructed as solid plates or films, and the second partition plates are constructed as perforated plates.
6. The broadband sound absorbing structure according to claim 2, wherein two of the sub sound absorbing cavities are oppositely disposed in the housing, and each of the sub sound absorbing cavities is composed of two first partition plates disposed in parallel and spaced apart from each other and a second partition plate connecting the two first partition plates at an included angle, one end of each of the first partition plates is fixedly connected to the housing in a sealing manner, and the other end of each of the first partition plates is fixedly connected to the second partition plate, wherein the first partition plate of one of the sub sound absorbing cavities is configured to include a perforated plate and a solid plate, the second partition plate of the other of the sub sound absorbing cavities is configured to be a perforated plate, and the perforated plates of the two sub sound absorbing cavities are arranged in a staggered manner.
7. The broadband sound absorbing structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein at least one third partition plate is disposed in the sub sound absorbing cavity and spaced from and parallel to the first partition plate, an edge of the third partition plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing and the second partition plate, the third partition plate is configured as a solid plate or a film, and the third partition plate divides the sub sound absorbing cavity into a plurality of sub cavities.
8. The broadband sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein the sub-sound absorbing cavities are configured to: the sound absorption cavity is internally and parallelly arranged with two films at intervals, the two films are vertically and hermetically connected with the solid plate part and the shell, and the sound inlet hole is positioned between the two films.
9. The broadband sound absorbing structure of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the end of the housing opposite the opening is provided as a port for sealing connection with an external fixed foundation or a sealing plate is sealingly connected to the end of the housing opposite the opening.
10. The broadband sound absorbing structure of any one of claims 1 to 6, the housing being configured to be made of steel plate, the membrane being configured to be made of rubber material, and the perforated plate being made of aluminum plate.
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| CN115013120A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-06 | 广州美的华凌冰箱有限公司 | Silencer |
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| CN112382264B (en) | 2024-10-18 |
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