CN112380638B - Transformer model for low-voltage side pulse injection and construction method - Google Patents
Transformer model for low-voltage side pulse injection and construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transformer model for low-voltage side pulse injection and a construction method thereof, wherein the model comprises a distribution transformer adopting Dyn connection, windings at high-voltage ports are connected end to form a triangle, and the tail ends of low-voltage ports of the model are connected together to form star-shaped connection; according to the distribution transformer adopting the Yyn connection method, the tail ends of the model high-voltage port windings are connected together in a star shape, and the tail ends of the model low-voltage ports are connected together to form a star-shaped connection wire. The invention establishes a more accurate transformer model, and provides a theoretical and more accurate model for the propagation of signals in the transformer. By considering that the stray capacitance shows the two transfer relations in the model, the method is suitable for the propagation of signals at certain high frequency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to a transformer model for low-voltage side pulse injection and a construction method.
Background
As is well known, power transformers are important components of power systems and play an important role in the energy transfer process. However, the transformer is designed to transmit only low-frequency signals of 50/60Hz, and the transmission of high-frequency signals is not concerned. If the fault location is carried out by injecting a high-frequency pulse signal into the low-voltage side of the transformer and transmitting the high-frequency pulse signal to the high-voltage side, the transmission characteristic of the high-frequency signal in the power transformer for the high-frequency signal needs to be researched.
The traditional power frequency transformer model is a T-shaped equivalent model. The pulse signal belongs to high frequency, and the traditional power frequency equivalent circuit only representing the electromagnetic coupling transmission relation cannot completely meet the requirement of pulse signal transmission. In the low-frequency range of the pulse signal, the pulse signal transmits the signal through electromagnetic coupling; in the high-frequency part of the pulse, considering the windings in the transformer, the coils and the windings have stray capacitance to the shell, the stray capacitance presents low impedance in the high-frequency range, and the pulse signal transmits signals through capacitive coupling. Therefore, the high-frequency model of the transformer needs to embody the two signal transmission modes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a transformer model for low-voltage side pulse injection and a construction method thereof, which provide a more accurate model for studying transmission characteristics of high-frequency signals in a power transformer. The invention is a transformer model with high-frequency and low-frequency transmission characteristics, and has the characteristic of being capable of researching the transmission characteristics of pulse signals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a transformer model for low-voltage side pulse injection comprises a distribution transformer with Dyn connection, wherein high-voltage port windings are connected end to form a triangle, and the tail ends of low-voltage ports of the model are connected together to form star-shaped wiring;
according to the distribution transformer adopting the Yyn connection method, the tail ends of the model high-voltage port windings are connected together in a star shape, and the tail ends of the model low-voltage ports are connected together to form a star-shaped connection wire.
The invention also relates to a construction method of the model, which is carried out as follows:
(1) For the low side winding:
regarding the low-voltage side winding as a plurality of single-layer coils connected in series, the single-layer coils use one 1:1, the single-phase transformer is equivalent, namely, each low-voltage side layer type coil correspondingly uses 1 single-phase transformer, and the excitation impedance of the transformer is the internal resistance and the self-inductance of the layer type coil; the capacitance between the upper part and the lower part of the adjacent single-layer coil is considered; the end close to the shell is connected with a single-phase transformer which is respectively a first circle to a last circle of a low-voltage side coil from top to bottom; stray capacitors are arranged between the first circle and the last circle in the vertical direction and the shell, and the shell is grounded;
(2) For an ideal transformer: the high-voltage and low-voltage windings are separated, and the transformation ratio is n:1;
(3) For the high-voltage side winding:
considering the high-voltage side winding as a series connection of a plurality of layered coils, the single-layered coil uses a 1:1, equivalent single-phase transformers, namely 1 single-phase transformer is correspondingly used for each high-voltage side layer type coil; the transformer excitation impedance is the layered coil internal resistance and self-inductance; simultaneously considering the capacitance between the upper and the lower of the adjacent single-layer type coils; the single-phase transformer connected near the shell end is respectively a first circle to a last circle of a high-voltage side coil from top to bottom; stray capacitors are arranged between the first layer and the last layer in the vertical direction and the shell;
for high and low side capacitance: stray capacitance is arranged between the high voltage side and the low voltage side.
Further, the transformer model is suitable for high frequency signals.
Further, the transformer models of different connection groups are obtained by different connections of the three single-phase transformer models.
Furthermore, the low-voltage side star-shaped connection method is characterized in that three single-phase transformers are connected with each other, and the cathodes of the three single-phase transformers are connected with each other; the high-voltage side delta connection method is that the cathode of the previous single-phase transformer is connected with the cathode of the next single-phase transformer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the three-phase transformers are respectively regarded as three single-phase transformers to respectively establish the model, stray capacitance among windings is considered, a more accurate transformer model is established, and a theoretical and more accurate model is provided for propagation of signals in the transformers. Compared with the traditional T-shaped equivalent model, the method can research the voltage distribution among windings, and the insulation strength of the transformer cannot be damaged after the large pulse is injected.
2. The pulse signal belongs to high frequency, and the traditional power frequency equivalent circuit only representing the electromagnetic coupling transfer relation cannot completely meet the requirement of pulse signal transmission. In the low-frequency range of the pulse signal, the pulse signal transmits the signal through electromagnetic coupling; in the high-frequency part of the pulse, considering the windings in the transformer, the coils and the windings have stray capacitance to the shell, the stray capacitance presents low impedance in the high-frequency range, and the pulse signal transmits signals through capacitive coupling. By considering the fact that the stray capacitance expresses the two transfer relations in the model, the method is suitable for signal propagation under certain high frequency.
Compared with the traditional T-shaped equivalent model, the invention considers stray capacitance between layers and stray capacitance between high-voltage and low-voltage windings, and is suitable for the research of high-frequency signal transmission characteristics above a few kHz.
3. The invention can be suitable for the research of the high-frequency signal transmission of the transformers with different wiring modes by changing the wiring of the model port.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase transformer model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a parameter diagram of a single-phase transformer model according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a three-phase transformer model composed of three single-phase transformers.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present embodiments does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "transverse," and "vertical" are used merely for purposes of orientation relative to the elements in the drawings, and these directional terms are relative terms, which are used for descriptive and clarifying purposes and which can vary accordingly depending upon the orientation in which the elements in the drawings are placed.
As shown in fig. 1, the transformer model for low-side pulse injection in this embodiment is modeled by regarding a three-phase transformer as three single-phase transformers.
For a distribution transformer adopting Dyn connection, the model high-voltage port A, B, C windings are connected end to form a triangle, and the tail ends of the model low-voltage ports a, b and c are connected together to form a star connection.
For the distribution transformer adopting the Yyn connection method, the tail ends of the model high-voltage port A, B, C windings are connected together to form a star shape, and the tail ends of the model low-voltage ports a, b and c are connected together to form a star connection wire.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency model of a single-phase transformer in this embodiment is shown. The single-phase transformer model can be composed of a low-voltage side winding, a high-voltage side winding, an ideal transformer and capacitors between the high-voltage side winding and the low-voltage side winding. The three single-phase transformer models comprise a high-voltage side winding, a low-voltage side winding, an ideal transformer and a high-voltage side capacitor and a low-voltage side capacitor.
The low-voltage side winding is regarded as a plurality of single-layer coils which are connected in series, and the single-layer coils are formed by using a 1:1 single-phase transformer equivalent, namely k single-phase transformers are used for k low-voltage side layer type coils, and the excitation impedance of the transformer is the internal resistance of the layer type coil
And a self-inductance L. Considering the capacitance between the upper and lower of the adjacent single-layer coil
Thus, a capacitor is provided
. The first and last turns in the vertical direction take into account the stray capacitance between the housing (housing ground)
Thus, a stray capacitance is provided
。
The ideal transformer separates the high-voltage and low-voltage windings, the transformation ratio is n:1, and the high-voltage windings can respectively study the distribution of respective stray capacitance.
The high-voltage side winding is regarded as a plurality of layer type coils which are connected in series, and the single-layer type coil uses a 1:1 single-phase transformer equivalent, namely m single-phase transformers are used for m high-voltage side layer type coils. Transformer exciting impedance is layer type coil internal resistance
And self-inductance
. Considering the capacitance between the upper and lower adjacent single-layer coils
. The first and last layers in the vertical direction take into account the stray capacitance between the housing and the first and last layers
Is provided with a capacitor
. Considering stray capacitance between high and low voltage sides, two inter-winding capacitors are used
To express, set up the capacitance
。
The three-phase transformer model is composed of three single-phase transformer models, the three obtained single-phase transformer models are connected by using the required connection mode of connection groups, for example, the low-voltage side star-shaped connection rule is three single-phase transformers V in The three single-phase transformers are connected with each other, and the cathodes of the three single-phase transformers are connected with each other. The high-voltage side triangular connection rule is that the negative pole of the previous single-phase transformer and the next single-phase transformer V in Interconnected as shown in fig. 3, resulting in a high frequency model of the distribution transformer.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for constructing a transformer model for low-voltage side pulse injection is characterized by comprising the following steps: the transformer model comprises a distribution transformer with Dyn connection, high-voltage port windings are connected end to form a triangle, and low-voltage ports and tail ends of the model are connected together to form star-shaped wiring;
according to the distribution transformer adopting the Yyn connection method, the tail ends of the model high-voltage port windings are connected together in a star shape, and the tail ends of the model low-voltage ports are connected together to form a star-shaped connection wire;
the construction method comprises the following steps:
(1) For the low side winding:
regarding the low-voltage side winding as a plurality of single-layer type coils which are connected in series, the single-layer type coil uses a 1:1, the single-phase transformer is equivalent, namely, each low-voltage side layer type coil correspondingly uses 1 single-phase transformer, and the excitation impedance of the transformer is the internal resistance and the self-inductance of the layer type coil; simultaneously considering the capacitance between the upper and the lower of the adjacent single-layer type coils; the end close to the shell is connected with a single-phase transformer which is respectively a first circle to a last circle of a low-voltage side coil from top to bottom; stray capacitors are arranged between the first circle and the last circle in the vertical direction and the shell, and the shell is grounded;
(2) For an ideal transformer: the high-voltage and low-voltage windings are separated, and the transformation ratio is n:1;
(3) For the high-side winding:
regarding the high-voltage side winding as a plurality of layered coils connected in series, the single-layered coil uses a 1:1, equivalent single-phase transformers, namely 1 single-phase transformer is correspondingly used for each high-voltage side layer type coil; the transformer excitation impedance is the internal resistance and self-inductance of the layered coil; the capacitance between the upper part and the lower part of the adjacent single-layer coil is considered; the single-phase transformer connected near the shell end is respectively a first circle to a last circle of a high-voltage side coil from top to bottom; stray capacitors are arranged between the first layer and the last layer in the vertical direction and the shell;
for high and low side capacitance: stray capacitance is arranged between the high voltage side and the low voltage side.
2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transformer model is suitable for high-frequency signals.
3. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transformer models of different connection groups are obtained by different connections of three single-phase transformer models.
4. The construction method according to claim 3, wherein: the low-voltage side star-shaped connection method is characterized in that three single-phase transformers are connected with each other, and the cathodes of the three single-phase transformers are connected with each other; the high-voltage side delta connection method is that the cathode of the previous single-phase transformer is connected with the cathode of the next single-phase transformer.
5. A transformer model for low side pulse injection, characterized by: constructed by the construction method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN111324997A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-23 | 大连海事大学 | Transformer three-phase model establishing method based on incidence matrix considering neutral point |
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| EP1154539A1 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fault current breaker with summation transformer |
| CN105183947B (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-12-29 | 华北电力大学 | High frequency transformer transmission characteristic optimization method based on parasitic parameter effect analysis |
| CN110197759A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-09-03 | 西门子公司 | Transformer, three-phase transformer and its mode of connection |
| CN108595819B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2020-03-31 | 大连海事大学 | Transformer three-phase model establishing method based on conversion matrix |
| CN108735488B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-05-29 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Transformer design method based on self-excited oscillation wave |
| CN111157867B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-26 | 江苏省电力试验研究院有限公司 | Phase-shifting transformer lightning impulse winding overvoltage calculation method |
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