CN112379429A - Amplitude compensation method and device for seismic data - Google Patents
Amplitude compensation method and device for seismic data Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses an amplitude compensation method and device for seismic data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data; performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data; performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor; and according to the amplitude compensation factor, carrying out amplitude compensation on the single shot record data of the seismic before stacking. Compared with the prior art, the invention changes the time window of seismic data amplitude analysis statistics through seismic wave cutting processing, only retains the signal information of the seismic first arrival wavelet, and can accurately carry out the statistical analysis of the transverse change of the amplitude value aiming at the seismic recording wavelet data through autocorrelation processing and amplitude value decomposition to obtain more accurate amplitude compensation factors, thereby improving the effect of seismic data amplitude compensation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploration, in particular to an amplitude compensation method and device for seismic data.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of oil and gas exploration and development technologies, the oil and gas exploration field has been developed from 'structure' to 'structure + lithology composite trap', particularly, the middle-shallow layer efficient lithology exploration field is more and more emphasized, the acquisition of high-quality seismic data is more and more expected, and particularly, the identification and prediction of lithology exploration targets have very high requirements on the amplitude fidelity of the seismic data. However, in the whole propagation process from excitation to reception, the seismic waves are affected by various factors such as a complex earth surface and a strong shielding layer, and longitudinal attenuation and transverse inconsistency exist, so that the energy of seismic record signals needs to be recovered and kept, the signal-to-noise ratio and the fidelity of seismic data are improved, and the processed seismic records truly reflect the characteristics of underground lithologic target bodies.
The attenuation factors of the seismic signals in the propagation process include normal propagation distance factors, surface non-uniformity factors, random factors and the like, the transverse variation of seismic amplitude is large and is mainly influenced by the surface non-uniformity factors, and in order to eliminate the transverse amplitude non-uniformity caused by the surface structure variation, the surface uniformity amplitude compensation technology is theoretically researched and adopted in actual production to eliminate the influence.
However, in actual production, currently, the commonly used single shot data based on ground surface consistency compensation of reflected signal statistical time window analysis includes noise energy statistical analysis, the amplitude value of noise is far higher than that of effective reflected signals, and in places where strong noise develops in other shot-geophone distance sections, the energy of the reflected signals is far smaller than that of the noise, in this case, the compensation factor based on multi-channel statistical analysis is easy to cause phenomena such as excessive compensation on the noise or insufficient compensation on the effective reflected signals, and the compensation result for eliminating seismic data affected by ground surface inconsistency is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an amplitude compensation method of seismic data, which is used for improving the effect of amplitude compensation of the seismic data and comprises the following steps:
performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data;
performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data;
performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor;
and according to the amplitude compensation factor, carrying out amplitude compensation on the single shot record data of the seismic before stacking.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an amplitude compensation device of seismic data, which is used for improving the effect of amplitude compensation of the seismic data and comprises the following components:
the cutting processing module is used for performing seismic wave cutting processing on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data;
the autocorrelation processing module is used for carrying out autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data;
the amplitude value decomposition module is used for decomposing the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor;
and the amplitude compensation module is used for carrying out amplitude compensation on the single shot record data of the seismic before stacking according to the amplitude compensation factor.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the amplitude compensation method of the seismic data is realized.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above-mentioned method for compensating amplitude of seismic data.
In the embodiment of the invention, seismic wave cutting processing is carried out on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data; performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data; performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor; according to the amplitude compensation factor, amplitude compensation is carried out on the single shot record data of the pre-stack earthquake, compared with the prior art, the time window of seismic data amplitude analysis statistics is changed through seismic wave cutting processing, only signal information of seismic first arrival wavelets is reserved, and through autocorrelation processing and amplitude value decomposition, statistical analysis of transverse change of amplitude values can be accurately carried out on the seismic record wavelet data, more accurate amplitude compensation factors are obtained, and therefore the effect of seismic data amplitude compensation is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for amplitude compensation of seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional topographic map of a western basin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of single shot records at different locations of the western basin in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a compensated pick-up time window for conventional surface-consistent processing of seismic data in accordance with the prior art in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the effect profile before and after amplitude compensation for conventional surface conformance processing of seismic data in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of effect slices before and after amplitude compensation in conventional surface conformance processing of seismic data according to the prior art in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a first arrival wavelet seismic record obtained after seismic wavelet ablation of seismic data in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a linear motion correction process performed on seismic first arrival wavelet data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of autocorrelation processing of seismic first arrival wavelet data in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional comparison of a surface consistent amplitude compensation before and after an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a comparison of before and after effect slicing for surface consistent amplitude compensation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an amplitude compensation apparatus for seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an amplitude compensation method for seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the amplitude compensation method for seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention may include:
step 101: performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data;
step 102: performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data;
step 103: performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor;
step 104: and according to the amplitude compensation factor, carrying out amplitude compensation on the single shot record data of the seismic before stacking.
In the embodiment of the invention, seismic wave cutting processing is carried out on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data; performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data; performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor; according to the amplitude compensation factor, amplitude compensation is carried out on the single shot record data of the pre-stack earthquake, compared with the prior art, the time window of seismic data amplitude analysis statistics is changed through seismic wave cutting processing, only signal information of seismic first arrival wavelets is reserved, and through autocorrelation processing and amplitude value decomposition, statistical analysis of transverse change of amplitude values can be accurately carried out on the seismic record wavelet data, more accurate amplitude compensation factors are obtained, and therefore the effect of seismic data amplitude compensation is improved.
During specific implementation, firstly, seismic wave cutting processing is carried out on pre-stack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
In an embodiment, the amplitude compensation method for seismic data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include: carrying out nonresponse channel elimination processing, uniform static correction processing and noise suppression processing on the pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data to obtain pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data after primary processing; performing seismic wave cutting processing on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first arrival wavelet data, wherein the seismic first arrival wavelet data can comprise: and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data after the primary processing to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data. Performing seismic wave cutting processing on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first arrival wavelet data, wherein the seismic first arrival wavelet data can comprise: and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data by using preset seismic wave cutting starting time and preset seismic wave cutting ending time to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
By carrying out non-response channel elimination processing, surface static correction processing and noise suppression processing on pre-stack seismic single-shot record data, eliminating non-response channels is to eliminate statistical errors caused by objective interference; the unified static correction processing is to correct the seismic data to unified time, so that the starting time can be more accurately defined, particularly the unified static correction is carried out when the fluctuation change of the first arrival time is large; the noise suppression is to eliminate the amplitude statistical error caused by the obvious noise interference and improve the accuracy of the amplitude statistical sample value. Performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data after the preliminary processing, which may include: and performing top seismic wave removal and bottom seismic wave removal on the seismic data at a preset seismic wave removal starting time and a preset seismic wave removal ending time, and only keeping the recording information of the seismic first-arrival wavelet data in the seismic data, wherein the recording information of the seismic first-arrival wavelet data comprises the upper and lower amplitude information of the first-arrival wavelets. By means of seismic wave cutting processing and recording first arrival wavelets, interference of noise amplitude on seismic data can be avoided to the maximum extent, amplitude factors based on relevant statistics in a time window fully reflect real transverse change characteristics of the near-surface, ideal amplitude compensation factors can be obtained through calculation in subsequent steps, and the effect of amplitude compensation of surface consistency is improved.
In specific implementation, after seismic wave cutting processing is carried out on the single shot record data of the pre-stack seismic to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data, autocorrelation processing is carried out on the seismic first-arrival wavelet data to obtain the seismic record wavelet data.
In an embodiment, the amplitude compensation method for seismic data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include: performing linear motion correction processing on the seismic first-motion wavelet data to obtain seismic first-motion wavelet data after linear motion correction; the self-correlation processing is performed on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data, and the self-correlation processing may include: and performing autocorrelation processing on the linear-motion-corrected seismic first-arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data.
In the above embodiment, the linear motion correction processing is performed on the seismic first-arrival wavelet data, and the first-arrival velocity is measured to perform linear correction on the seismic first-arrival wavelet data, so that the corrected first-arrival wavelet data are within the same time window range, which is convenient for the statistical calculation of the subsequent time window. By performing linear motion correction processing, the seismic recording wavelet data can be obtained, statistical analysis of amplitude transverse change on the recording wavelet data in subsequent steps is facilitated, a more real amplitude compensation factor is obtained, and amplitude compensation of the seismic data is realized.
In specific implementation, after the seismic first-arrival wavelet data are subjected to autocorrelation processing to obtain seismic recording wavelet data, amplitude value decomposition is carried out on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor.
In an embodiment, decomposing an amplitude value of each seismic trace in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor may include: picking up the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data; according to the ground surface consistency principle, the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data is decomposed to obtain an amplitude compensation factor. There are various methods for picking up the amplitude value of each seismic trace in the seismic wavelet data, and for example, the methods may include: and performing amplitude value statistical analysis on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data by adopting a shot-geophone distance limiting processing technology to obtain the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data.
In the embodiment, according to the ground surface consistency principle, the picked amplitude value is decomposed to obtain the amplitude compensation factor, so that the compensation factor application of the original seismic data in the subsequent steps is facilitated, and the ground surface consistency compensation effect is improved.
In specific implementation, after amplitude value decomposition is carried out on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor, amplitude compensation is carried out on the single shot record data of the pre-stack seismic according to the amplitude compensation factor.
In the embodiment, when amplitude value decomposition is carried out on each seismic channel in the seismic record wavelet data, four amplitude compensation factors of a shot point item, a demodulator probe item, a common midpoint item and a shot-geophone distance item can be obtained; and according to the corresponding amplitude compensation factor, carrying out amplitude compensation on each sample value of each seismic channel of the prestack seismic single-shot record data, so that the energy is more uniform in the transverse direction. Further, when amplitude compensation is carried out, amplitude compensation factors of the same shot, the same demodulator probe factors of the same demodulator probe, the same central point factor of the same central point and the offset factors of the same offset are applied to all seismic channels of the same shot to carry out amplitude compensation.
A specific example is given below to illustrate a specific application of the method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment of the amplitude compensation method for the seismic data provided by the embodiment of the invention can comprise the following steps:
1. firstly, loading pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data;
2. performing spherical diffusion compensation processing, uniform reference plane static correction application processing, denoising processing and non-response channel rejection processing on pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data;
3. performing top seismic wavelet excision and bottom seismic wavelet excision on pre-stack seismic single shot record data which is subjected to spherical surface diffusion compensation processing, uniform reference surface static correction application processing, denoising processing and unresponsive channel rejection processing, and only keeping upper and lower amplitude information of first arrival wavelets;
4. performing linear motion correction on the seismic data subjected to top seismic wavelet excision and bottom seismic wavelet excision;
5. performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic data after linear motion correction to obtain recording wavelets (autocorrelation of the seismic data, namely seismic recording wavelets);
6. performing amplitude statistical analysis on each seismic channel of the record wavelet after autocorrelation processing, wherein the analysis can adopt a shot-geophone distance limiting method for avoiding strong noise interference near a shot point and a shot tip, and improving the accuracy of amplitude analysis;
7. decomposing the amplitude value obtained by the statistical analysis of each seismic channel to obtain an amplitude compensation factor;
8. and applying an amplitude compensation factor to the original seismic data, and performing amplitude compensation on the prestack seismic single-shot record data, so that the obtained seismic data can achieve the purpose of earth surface consistency amplitude compensation.
For example, the amplitude compensation method for seismic data described above can be applied to three-dimensional data processing of a block in China. In this example, fig. 2 is a three-dimensional surface topography distribution characteristic diagram of a certain western basin in the embodiment of the present invention, which includes surface topography characteristics of public welfare forests, farmlands, grasslands, deserts, and the like; fig. 3 is a single shot record of different positions of a certain basin in the west of the embodiment of the present invention, and it is very obvious that the single shot energy difference is seen under different surface conditions, in the figure, J1s represents a dwarfish group stratum, T1J represents a leek garden group stratum of the helianthus tuberosus group, P3w represents a sedum dyclonus group stratum, P2l represents a sedum dyclonus ditch group stratum, and C represents a carbolite group stratum; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a compensated pick-up time window for conventional surface-consistent processing of seismic data according to the prior art in an embodiment of the present invention, where the abscissa SP represents shot number, Trace represents track number, and the ordinate represents time in FIG. 4; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional comparison diagram of the effect before and after amplitude compensation of seismic data processed by conventional surface uniformity processing in the prior art in the embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen from the left side of FIG. 5 that the cross-section after amplitude compensation still has a transverse non-uniformity phenomenon, which illustrates that it is difficult to eliminate the amplitude difference caused by the local surface non-uniformity based on the conventional reflected wave amplitude compensation; FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of slices before and after amplitude compensation when seismic data are subjected to conventional surface consistency processing in the prior art, wherein the amplitude characteristics of the slice in FIG. 6 still have obvious correlation with the surface, the amplitude of a farmland area is still weak, and the compensation effect is not ideal; FIG. 7 is a seismic record of first arrival wavelets obtained after seismic wavelet ablation of seismic data in an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of linear motion correction processing performed on seismic first arrival wavelet data according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which linear motion correction is performed on seismic records by using spatial computation speed, so that seismic wavelet first arrival time is within the same time window azimuth, which facilitates autocorrelation computation of seismic records in subsequent steps; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a result obtained by performing autocorrelation processing on seismic first-arrival wavelet data according to an embodiment of the present invention, where an abscissa SPstamp represents a shot pile number, an SPL represents a shot line number, and an ordinate represents time in FIG. 9; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional comparison diagram before and after compensation of amplitude for surface uniformity in an embodiment of the present invention, from which it can be seen that the cross-sectional feature after compensation is laterally uniform, so as to better eliminate the influence of amplitude difference caused by surface factors; fig. 11 is a comparison of the slice results before and after amplitude compensation for ground surface consistency according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the amplitude distribution on the plane in the left diagram of fig. 11 is uniform, thereby eliminating the phenomenon of banding distribution affected by the ground surface, particularly the amplitude distribution in the farmland area and the southwest corner is uniform as a whole, and achieving the effect of ground surface consistency compensation.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, seismic wave cutting processing is performed on pre-stack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first arrival wavelet data; performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data; performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor; according to the amplitude compensation factor, amplitude compensation is carried out on the single shot record data of the pre-stack earthquake, compared with the prior art, the time window of seismic data amplitude analysis statistics is changed through seismic wave cutting processing, only signal information of seismic first arrival wavelets is reserved, and through autocorrelation processing and amplitude value decomposition, statistical analysis of transverse change of amplitude values can be accurately carried out on the seismic record wavelet data, more accurate amplitude compensation factors are obtained, and therefore the effect of seismic data amplitude compensation is improved.
As described above, in the three-dimensional seismic data processing of a certain block of a certain basin in western regions in China, due to the fact that the earth surface has various landform types such as deserts, farmlands, public welfare forests, grasslands and mountainous regions, the problem of uneven transverse amplitude of acquired seismic data often occurs, the phenomenon of uneven amplitude still exists after the conventional earth surface consistency amplitude compensation is performed on the denoised single shot data, particularly, the medium-deep layer amplitude characteristics still have very strong correlation with the earth surface, and the lithological characteristic relationship of the underground stratum cannot be truly reflected. The embodiment of the invention can obtain an amplitude compensation factor based on the seismic first-arrival wavelet, process the pre-stack data, and the core is that only the signal information of the first-arrival wavelet data is reserved by changing the time window of seismic data amplitude analysis statistics, and then the seismic first-arrival wavelet data is subjected to autocorrelation processing to obtain the seismic recording wavelet data; amplitude lateral change is statistically analyzed on the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain a more real amplitude compensation factor, so that amplitude compensation of the seismic data is realized. The embodiment of the invention can well perform amplitude compensation on the seismic data, the transverse consistency of the compensated seismic data is better, and the slice amplitude response has no correlation with the earth surface, so that the effect of improving the earth surface consistency amplitude compensation can be achieved.
The embodiments of the present invention further provide an amplitude compensation apparatus for seismic data, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of the device for solving the problems is similar to the amplitude compensation method of the seismic data, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the amplitude compensation method of the seismic data, and repeated details are not repeated.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an amplitude compensation apparatus for seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 12, the amplitude compensation apparatus for seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention may include:
the cutting processing module 01 is used for performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data;
the autocorrelation processing module 02 is used for performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data;
the amplitude value decomposition module 03 is used for performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor;
and the amplitude compensation module 04 is used for performing amplitude compensation on the seismic single shot record data before stacking according to the amplitude compensation factor.
In one embodiment, the amplitude compensation apparatus for seismic data provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include: the preliminary processing module is used for carrying out spherical surface diffusion compensation processing, uniform surface static correction and noise suppression processing on the pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data to obtain the pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data after the preliminary processing; an ablation processing module, specifically configured to: and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data after the primary processing to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
In one embodiment, the ablation processing module is specifically configured to: and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data by using preset seismic wave cutting starting time and preset seismic wave cutting ending time to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
In one embodiment, the amplitude compensation apparatus for seismic data provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include: the linear motion correction module is used for performing linear motion correction processing on the seismic first-arrival wavelet data to obtain the seismic first-arrival wavelet data after linear motion correction; the autocorrelation processing module is specifically configured to: and performing autocorrelation processing on the linear-motion-corrected seismic first-arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data.
In one embodiment, the amplitude value decomposition module is specifically configured to: picking up the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data; according to the ground surface consistency principle, the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data is decomposed to obtain an amplitude compensation factor.
In one embodiment, the amplitude value decomposition module is specifically configured to: and performing amplitude value statistical analysis on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data by adopting a shot-geophone distance limiting processing technology to obtain the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the amplitude compensation method of the seismic data is realized.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above-mentioned method for compensating amplitude of seismic data.
In the embodiment of the invention, seismic wave cutting processing is carried out on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data; performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data; performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor; according to the amplitude compensation factor, amplitude compensation is carried out on the single shot record data of the pre-stack earthquake, compared with the prior art, the time window of seismic data amplitude analysis statistics is changed through seismic wave cutting processing, only signal information of seismic first arrival wavelets is reserved, and through autocorrelation processing and amplitude value decomposition, statistical analysis of transverse change of amplitude values can be accurately carried out on the seismic record wavelet data, more accurate amplitude compensation factors are obtained, and therefore the effect of seismic data amplitude compensation is improved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A method of amplitude compensation of seismic data, comprising:
performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data;
performing autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data;
performing amplitude value decomposition on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor;
and according to the amplitude compensation factor, carrying out amplitude compensation on the single shot record data of the seismic before stacking.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: carrying out nonresponse channel elimination processing, uniform static correction processing and noise suppression processing on the pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data to obtain pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data after primary processing;
performing seismic wave cutting processing on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data, wherein the seismic first-arrival wavelet data comprises the following steps:
and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data after the primary processing to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing seismic ablation on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data comprises:
and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data by using preset seismic wave cutting starting time and preset seismic wave cutting ending time to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: performing linear motion correction processing on the seismic first-motion wavelet data to obtain seismic first-motion data after linear motion correction;
the autocorrelation processing is carried out on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic record wavelet data, and the autocorrelation processing comprises the following steps:
and performing autocorrelation processing on the linear-motion-corrected seismic first-arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein decomposing an amplitude value for each seismic trace in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor comprises:
picking up the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data;
according to the ground surface consistency principle, the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data is decomposed to obtain an amplitude compensation factor.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein picking amplitude values for each seismic trace in the seismic recording wavelet data comprises:
and performing amplitude value statistical analysis on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data.
7. An apparatus for amplitude compensation of seismic data, comprising:
the cutting processing module is used for performing seismic wave cutting processing on the prestack seismic single shot record data to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data;
the autocorrelation processing module is used for carrying out autocorrelation processing on the seismic first arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data;
the amplitude value decomposition module is used for decomposing the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain an amplitude compensation factor;
and the amplitude compensation module is used for carrying out amplitude compensation on the single shot record data of the seismic before stacking according to the amplitude compensation factor.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising: the preliminary processing module is used for carrying out nonresponse channel elimination processing, surface static correction processing and noise suppression processing on the pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data to obtain the pre-stack earthquake single-shot record data after the preliminary processing;
an ablation processing module, specifically configured to: and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data after the primary processing to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the ablation processing module is specifically configured to: and performing seismic wave cutting processing on the pre-stack seismic single shot record data by using preset seismic wave cutting starting time and preset seismic wave cutting ending time to obtain seismic first-arrival wavelet data.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising: the linear motion correction module is used for performing linear motion correction processing on the seismic first-arrival wavelet data to obtain the seismic first-arrival wavelet data after linear motion correction;
the autocorrelation processing module is specifically configured to: and performing autocorrelation processing on the linear-motion-corrected seismic first-arrival wavelet data to obtain seismic recording wavelet data.
11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the amplitude value decomposition module is specifically configured to: picking up the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data;
according to the ground surface consistency principle, the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data is decomposed to obtain an amplitude compensation factor.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the amplitude value decomposition module is specifically configured to:
and performing amplitude value statistical analysis on each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data to obtain the amplitude value of each seismic channel in the seismic recording wavelet data.
13. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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