CN112378269B - Electric furnace system - Google Patents
Electric furnace system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112378269B CN112378269B CN202011273217.1A CN202011273217A CN112378269B CN 112378269 B CN112378269 B CN 112378269B CN 202011273217 A CN202011273217 A CN 202011273217A CN 112378269 B CN112378269 B CN 112378269B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
- C21C5/5217—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace equipped with burners or devices for injecting gas, i.e. oxygen, or pulverulent materials into the furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric furnace system, which comprises a water cooling section, a high-temperature fan, a furnace body and a transformer, wherein the high-temperature fan comprises a cold air regulating valve and a fan inlet; an opening is formed in the water cooling section, the opening of the water cooling section is connected with an inlet of the fan, and a cold air regulating valve is arranged between the water cooling section and the inlet of the fan and used for controlling the temperature of hot air; the transformer controls the temperature in the furnace body through current. The technology of the invention obviously and greatly improves the preheating effect of the scrap steel, the field measured temperature is within 500 ℃ of 400-.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric furnaces, in particular to an electric furnace system.
Background
At present, high-temperature gas exhausted from an electric furnace is not completely utilized, so that the high-temperature gas is wasted, the temperature of the scrap steel in preheating equipment can only reach 200-250 ℃, the tapping time is slow, the power consumption per ton of steel is high, and the production cost is high.
Patent document CN108676963A discloses a method and a system for smelting full-thin scrap steel in an electric furnace. The smelting method of the full-light and thin material scrap steel electric furnace comprises the following steps: (1) packaging the light and thin scrap steel into a scrap steel pressing block; (2) continuously feeding the scrap steel briquettes into an ultrahigh-power electric arc furnace; (3) carrying out power transmission operation, oxygen blowing operation, carbon powder injection and slagging operation on the electric arc furnace; (4) preheating the scrap steel briquettes by high-temperature flue gas generated in the smelting process, sequentially conveying the preheated scrap steel briquettes to a settling chamber, a cooling tower and a dust remover, and finally discharging the preheated scrap steel briquettes to the outside; (5) and carrying out tapping operation after smelting is finished. The smelting system comprises a conveyor, a lifting appliance, an electric arc furnace, a settling chamber, a cooling tower and a dust remover. Patent document CN104846145A discloses a new process for preheating and premelting scrap steel and efficiently making steel by an electric furnace, which is characterized in that mud on the surface of the scrap steel or attached cement residues are removed by the impact of a high-pressure air gun, coke is put into the preheating device, the cleaned scrap steel is put into the preheating device, a burner is installed on the preheating device, fuel is continuously supplied to the burner, the preheated scrap steel is put into the electric furnace, the electric furnace with the burner and an electrode installed on the same furnace cover is adopted, then the electric furnace is started, the flame and electric arc heat the scrap steel at the same time, the molten steel is heated and fed into the electric furnace, the rest part of the scrap steel is supplemented, a small amount of lime and fluorite are added, and the molten steel is cooled to form a square or a cylinder. Thereby greatly reducing the electric energy used in the process of preheating and premelting the scrap steel.
The electric furnace and the process for smelting scrap steel by the electric furnace provided by the patent documents lead to slower tapping time, large power consumption and high production cost. And the electric furnace structure in the prior art is not favorable for continuous preheating of furnace burden, and the furnace burden continuous preheating type electric furnace is greatly different from a common electric furnace, and can effectively realize continuous preheating, continuous feeding and continuous melting, so that the preparation of the electric furnace favorable for continuous preheating of the furnace burden is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the production efficiency, save energy and reduce consumption, the invention adds a high-energy-efficiency high-temperature fan, and the main performance of the high-energy-efficiency high-temperature fan is that the wind pressure transmitted by the fan presses down the shutoff type and divides the shutoff type into 3 pressing points.
The reason before the high-temperature fan is not added is that the high-temperature gas exhausted from the furnace is not completely utilized, the waste of the high-temperature gas is caused, the temperature of the waste steel in the preheating equipment can only reach within 250 ℃ of 200-.
The fan performance is medium-pressure large-flow fan, the adopted fan is high-temperature resistant, the temperature is 700 ℃ at 500 ℃ and 45000m at the air volume of the fan of 30000 DEG under normal use3The cold air regulating valve is arranged on the side surface of the middle of an inlet pipeline of the fan, so that the fan is prevented from being burnt, the temperature of gas generated by the electric furnace at high temperature is about 1200 ℃, and the regulating valve is required to ensure that hot air extracted from an outlet of the electric furnace is regulated to be below 700 ℃.
On one hand, the invention provides an electric furnace system, which comprises an electric furnace, an electric furnace cover, a furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism, a furnace tilting mechanism, a water cooling section, a high-temperature fan, a feeding bin and a vibrating feeder, wherein the vibrating feeder is connected with the feeding bin,
the high-temperature fan comprises a cold air regulating valve, a fan inlet, a fan main body, a motor, a main air pipe and an air inlet pipe; the furnace body is provided with a water cooling section, the water cooling section is provided with an opening, the opening of the water cooling section is connected with a fan inlet, a cold air regulating valve is arranged between the water cooling section and the fan inlet and used for controlling the temperature of hot air, the fan main body is connected with a main air pipe, and an air inlet pipe is arranged on the main air pipe;
the electric furnace comprises an upper furnace body, a lower furnace body, a furnace charge continuous feed inlet and a furnace door, wherein the feed bin is connected with the furnace charge continuous feed inlet; the position of the furnace charge continuous feed inlet is 90 degrees with the furnace door;
the electric furnace cover comprises a rotary furnace cover and an eccentric small furnace cover, and the eccentric small furnace cover is connected with the lower furnace body;
the furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism comprises a reinforced concrete structure, a furnace cover rotating frame, a rotating main shaft, a rotating track, a rotating roller, a rotating hydraulic cylinder and a furnace cover lifting device; a rotating main shaft is arranged on the reinforced concrete structure, one end of the furnace cover rotating frame is arranged on the rotating main shaft, a roller is arranged below the other end of the furnace cover rotating frame, the roller rolls on a rotating track of the reinforced concrete structure, and the rotating hydraulic cylinder arranged on the reinforced concrete structure drives the roller to rotate; the rotary furnace cover is arranged on the furnace cover rotating frame; the furnace cover lifting device comprises a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a lifting frame, the lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting frame to lift, a furnace cover is arranged on the lifting frame, and the furnace cover rotating frame is provided with the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the lifting frame;
the furnace tilting mechanism comprises a tilting cradle, a tilting riding wheel support, a cradle riding wheel and a tilting hydraulic cylinder, wherein the lower furnace body is arranged on the tilting cradle, the tilting cradle is arranged on the tilting riding wheel support, an arc-shaped track is arranged on the lower portion of the tilting cradle, the cradle riding wheel is arranged on the tilting riding wheel support, the arc-shaped track rotates on the riding wheel during tilting, and the tilting hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the lower portion of a tilting cradle platform.
Preferably, the furnace also comprises a furnace door oxygen lance and a furnace arm oxygen lance, wherein the furnace door oxygen lance is a furnace door water-cooling carbon-oxygen lance, and the maximum flow rate of the furnace door oxygen lance is 2000Nm3H, the carbon powder spraying capacity is 20-60kg/min, and the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3The oxygen lances are arranged on two sides of the water feeding bin respectively, and the flow rate of each oxygen lance is 2000Nm3Per hour, the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3/t。
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature fan is controlled to be 500-3The pressure is 4500-.
Preferably, the air volume of the high-temperature fan is adjusted by the frequency speed of the vibrating feeder, when the frequency of the vibrating feeder is 1r/min4.5-5.5m, the air volume of the fan reaches the maximum value, and when the frequency of the vibrating feeder is less than 1r/min4.5m, the air volume of the fan is gradually decreased below 70 percent and is controlled by a frequency converter.
Preferably, the upper furnace shell comprises a water-cooled tubular frame and a water-cooled furnace wall; the lower furnace shell is formed by welding steel plates, and the bottom of the lower furnace shell is of a spherical structure.
Preferably, the furnace body further comprises a weighing device, wherein the weighing device comprises four pressure sensors, and the four pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the wheel shafts of the circuit-bearing furnace body.
Preferably, the cradle riding wheel is subjected to surface quenching treatment to enable the hardness to reach Rc 45.
Preferably, the upper part of the tilting cradle is provided with a furnace body mounting pin shaft for fixing the furnace body.
Wherein, a dynamic sealing and heat-preserving cover is arranged between the feeding bin and the continuous charging opening of the furnace burden.
On the other hand, the process for steelmaking by using the electric furnace system provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: hoisting the scrap steel raw material into a vibrating feeder by a travelling crane;
s2: the vibration feeder conveys the scrap steel raw materials from the feeding bin to the electric furnace body;
s3: preheating through a furnace door oxygen lance and a furnace arm oxygen lance, and assisting a high-temperature fan to preheat the electric furnace body with waste hot gas discharged by the electric furnace body;
s4: the preheated scrap steel raw material is vibrated and enters a circuit furnace body for melting and smelting;
s5: lime is added from an alloy feeding hole in the smelting process, and then the alloy conditioning component is added;
s6, when the temperature of the molten steel in the electric furnace body is 1560-1580 ℃, the furnace is shaken to obliquely tap the steel.
Preferably, in the step S5, lime is added at first to be 30kg/t steel, and the alloy quantity is 130-; in the step S6, the steel tapping tilting angle is 12-20 degrees, the steel tapping tilting speed is 0-1 degree/S, and the backward tilting speed after steel tapping is 4 degrees/S.
Because factors such as foam slag operation, boiling of a molten pool and the like are considered, the position of the continuous charging opening of the furnace burden provided by the invention is 90 degrees with the furnace door, and the too low charging hopper of the continuous charging opening of the furnace burden is easy to stick slag and steel, so that the service life and charging are influenced; the continuous feed inlet of furnace charge is too high, the feeding is easy to splash and influence the foam slag submerged arc, and the arrangement of an auxiliary feeding device is influenced.
The weighing device provided by the invention comprises four pressure sensors, wherein the four pressure sensors are respectively arranged on wheel shafts of a bearing circuit furnace body, and the pressure sensors are double-shear-beam strain type pressure sensors. The output signal is 4-20 mA. The weighing accuracy was 0.5%. The furnace body is measured in a horizontal state, so that an accurate result can be obtained, namely, the invention can realize the online monitoring of the weight of the molten steel in the furnace through the weighing device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the transformer provided by the invention controls the temperature of the electric furnace to reach the melting point of the electric furnace by depending on the current gear, high and low temperatures are generated by the melting point of the electric furnace, the heat of waste gas generated in the electric furnace is not completely utilized, the waste of high-temperature waste gas is caused, and the high-temperature fan has a good effect under the condition that the high-temperature waste gas is wasted.
(2) The preheating effect of the scrap steel provided by the invention is obviously and greatly improved, the measured temperature on site is within 500 ℃ of 400-.
(3) The furnace cover lifting rotation, the electric furnace foundation separation and the roller tilting type are adopted, the furnace cover lifting rotation, the electric furnace foundation separation and the roller tilting type are all favorable for meeting the operation requirement of the furnace charge continuous preheating type electric furnace, and the furnace charge continuous feeding and continuous melting are realized, so that the furnace charge continuous preheating type electric furnace has the following advantages: the furnace burden is continuously added, the non-electrifying time is reduced, and the smelting period is shortened. Because the electric arc heats the molten steel, the molten steel heats the furnace burden, the electric arc is particularly stable, the electrode breakage is reduced, the power grid interference is greatly reduced, and the compensation capacity of the SVC device can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electric furnace system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vibratory feed bin according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a high temperature fan according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is another cross-sectional view of an electric furnace system provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a rotary hydraulic cylinder; 2. rotating the main shaft; 3. rotating the track; 4. rotating the furnace cover; 5. an alloy feed port; 6. a small eccentric furnace cover; 7. a conductive cross arm; 8. a furnace door; 9. a furnace door oxygen lance; 10. a furnace wall oxygen lance; 11. a feeding bin; 12. a vibrating feeder; 13. a high temperature fan; 14. a cold air regulating valve; 15. a motor; 16. a main air duct; 17. an air inlet pipe; 18. a sealing device; 19. a heat-preserving cover; 20: a furnace charge continuous feed inlet; 21. an upper furnace body; 22. a lower furnace body; 23. inclining the cradle; 24. an arc-shaped track; 25. cradle riding wheels; 26. tilting the riding wheel support; 27. a tilting hydraulic cylinder.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, in one aspect, the invention provides an electric furnace system, which comprises an electric furnace, a furnace cover of the electric furnace, a furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism, a furnace tilting mechanism, a high-temperature fan, a feeding bin 11 and a vibrating feeder 12, wherein the vibrating feeder 12 is connected with the feeding bin 11,
the high-temperature fan 13 comprises a cold air regulating valve 14, a fan inlet, a fan main body, a motor 15, a main air pipe 16 and an air inlet pipe 17; the electric furnace is provided with a water cooling section, the water cooling section is provided with an opening, the opening of the water cooling section is connected with a fan inlet, a cold air regulating valve 14 is arranged between the water cooling section and the fan inlet and used for controlling the temperature of hot air, the fan main body is connected with a main air pipe 16, and an air inlet pipe 17 is arranged on the main air pipe;
the electric furnace comprises an upper furnace body 21, a lower furnace body 22, a furnace charge continuous feed port 20 and a furnace door 8, wherein the feed bin 11 is connected with the furnace charge continuous feed port 20, the upper furnace body 21 and the lower furnace body 22 can be separated from each other up and down, and the upper furnace body 21 is connected with the lower furnace body 22 through a pin shaft; the position of the furnace charge continuous feed inlet 20 and the furnace door 8 form an angle of 90 degrees; because factors such as foam slag operation, boiling of a molten pool and the like are considered, the position of the continuous charging opening of the furnace burden provided by the invention is 90 degrees with the furnace door, and the too low charging hopper of the continuous charging opening of the furnace burden is easy to stick slag and steel, so that the service life and charging are influenced; the continuous feed inlet of furnace charge is too high, the feeding is easy to splash and influence the foam slag submerged arc, and the arrangement of an auxiliary feeding device is influenced.
The electric furnace cover comprises a rotary furnace cover 4 and an eccentric small furnace cover 6, and the eccentric small furnace cover 6 is connected with a lower furnace body 22;
the furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism comprises a reinforced concrete structure, a furnace cover rotating frame, a rotating main shaft 2, a rotating track 3, a rotating roller, a rotating hydraulic cylinder and a furnace cover lifting device; a rotating main shaft 2 is arranged on the reinforced concrete structure, one end of the furnace cover rotating frame is arranged on the rotating main shaft 2, a roller is arranged below the other end of the furnace cover rotating frame, the roller rolls on a rotating track 3 of the reinforced concrete structure, and the rotating hydraulic cylinder 1 arranged on the reinforced concrete structure drives the roller to rotate; the rotary furnace cover 4 is arranged on the furnace cover rotating frame; the furnace cover lifting device comprises a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a lifting frame, the lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting frame to lift, a furnace cover is arranged on the lifting frame, and the furnace cover rotating frame is provided with the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the lifting frame;
the furnace tilting mechanism comprises a tilting cradle 23, a tilting riding wheel support 26, a cradle riding wheel 25 and a tilting hydraulic cylinder 27, wherein the furnace body 22 is installed on the tilting cradle 23, the tilting cradle 23 is installed on the tilting riding wheel support 26, the lower part of the tilting cradle 23 is provided with an arc-shaped rail 24, the tilting riding wheel support 26 is provided with the cradle riding wheel 25, the arc-shaped rail 24 rotates on the cradle riding wheel 25 during tilting, and the tilting hydraulic cylinder 27 is fixed at the lower part of the tilting cradle platform.
Wherein, the electric furnace system provided by the invention also comprises a furnace door oxygen lance 9 and a furnace wall oxygen lance 10, wherein the furnace door oxygen lance is a furnace door water-cooling carbon-oxygen lance, and the maximum flow rate of the furnace door oxygen lance is 2000Nm3H, the carbon powder spraying capacity is 20-60kg/min, and the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3The oxygen lances are arranged on two sides of the feed bin respectively, and the flow rate of each oxygen lance is 2000Nm3Per hour, the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3/t。
The invention also provides a conductive cross arm 7, wherein the conductive cross arm 7 is welded into a water-cooling box-shaped structure by using a copper-steel composite plate. According to the requirement of the electrical parameters of the short-network system, the three-phase cross arm is arranged in a triangular mode, and water is filled in the cross arm for cooling.
Specifically, in consideration of smelting effect, the electric furnace system provided by the invention adopts a furnace door water-cooling carbon-oxygen gun, the carbon-oxygen gun can be adjusted freely in the horizontal and vertical directions of the furnace door range, and the depth of the gun inserted into a molten pool in the furnace can be adjusted by a clamping and conveying device of a gun holder. All operations of the carbon-oxygen lance manipulator are controlled by a matched control device arranged in an electric furnace operating chamber, and can be controlled in situ by a manual operation box.
The power of the carbon-oxygen spray gun manipulator is provided by an independent hydraulic station, and an accumulator group is arranged to meet the requirement that the manipulator is screwed out of the furnace to a parking station in an accident state. The oxygen supply system comprises an oxygen valve station, a control system and an adjustable oxygen flow, wherein the oxygen valve station realizes the remote adjustment of the oxygen pressure and flow through the control system. Maximum flow rate was determined to be 2000Nm3The carbon powder spraying capacity is 20-60 kg/min. The furnace door carbon-oxygen lance is controlled by a PLC and can be networked with an electric furnace industrial personal computer.
In consideration of the enhanced metallurgical effect, the electric furnace provided by the invention adopts the furnace wall oxygen lance to realize the functional combination of furnace charge fluxing foam slag making, molten steel stirring and the like, and can eliminate cold spots, slagging submerged arc, accelerate reaction and recover energy to the maximum extent.
2 furnace wall oxygen lances are respectively arranged on two sides of the feeding bin, and the flow rate of each oxygen lance is 2000Nm3H is used as the reference value. And a carbon gun is arranged at the side of the eccentric area close to the transformer and is used for forming foam slag for effectively protecting the furnace lining at the No. 2 electrode. The furnace wall oxygen lance is controlled by a PLC and can be networked with an electric furnace industrial personal computer.
Specifically, the temperature of the high-temperature fan adopted by the invention is controlled at 700 ℃ in 500-3The pressure is 4500-.
As a preferred embodiment, the invention also comprises an alloy feed port 5, lime is firstly added from the alloy feed port in the smelting process, and then the alloy conditioning component is added;
as a preferable embodiment, the air volume of the high-temperature fan provided by the invention is adjusted by the frequency speed of the vibrating feeder, when the frequency of the vibrating feeder is 1r/min4.5-5.5m, the air volume of the fan reaches the maximum value, and when the frequency of the vibrating feeder is less than 1r/min4.5m, the air volume of the fan is gradually reduced below 70%, and the air volume is controlled by a frequency converter. The furnace also comprises a transformer, wherein the transformer controls the temperature in the furnace body through current.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper furnace shell provided by the invention comprises a water-cooled tubular frame and a water-cooled furnace wall; the lower furnace shell is formed by welding steel plates, and the bottom of the lower furnace shell is of a spherical structure.
The weighing device comprises four pressure sensors, and the four pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the wheel shafts of the circuit bearing furnace body. Wherein the pressure sensor is a double shear beam strain type pressure sensor. The output signal is 4-20 mA. The weighing accuracy was 0.5%. The furnace body is measured in a horizontal state, so that an accurate result can be obtained, namely, the invention can realize the online monitoring of the weight of the molten steel in the furnace through the weighing device. In the invention, the charging materials are continuously added, the charging time of each furnace is from-5 min (forming a molten pool) after electrification to-10 min (heating) before tapping, but the charging amount and the charging speed in the furnace are controlled by the weighing device of the furnace body, so that the online monitoring of the weighing device provided by the invention can be used for controlling the charging and the charging speed as reference.
In a preferred embodiment, the cradle riding wheel provided by the invention is subjected to surface quenching treatment to make the hardness reach Rc 45.
As a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the tilting cradle provided by the invention is provided with a furnace body mounting pin shaft for fixing a furnace body.
Wherein, a dynamic seal 18 and a heat preservation cover 19 are also arranged between the feeding bin and the continuous charging opening of the furnace burden.
On the other hand, the process for steelmaking by using the electric furnace system provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: hoisting the scrap steel raw material into a vibrating feeder by a travelling crane;
s2: the vibration feeder conveys the scrap steel raw materials from the feeding bin to the electric furnace body;
s3: preheating through a furnace door oxygen lance and a furnace arm oxygen lance, and assisting a high-temperature fan to preheat the electric furnace body with waste hot gas discharged by the electric furnace body;
s4: the preheated scrap steel raw material is vibrated and enters a circuit furnace body for melting and smelting;
s5: lime is added from an alloy feeding hole in the smelting process, and then the alloy conditioning component is added;
s6, when the temperature of the molten steel in the electric furnace body is 1560-1580 ℃, the furnace is shaken to obliquely tap the steel.
Preferably, in the step S5, lime is added at first to be 30kg/t steel, and the alloy quantity is 130-; in the step S6, the steel tapping tilting angle is 12-20 degrees, the steel tapping tilting speed is 0-1 degree/S, and the backward tilting speed after steel tapping is 4 degrees/S.
Example 1:
a steelmaking process comprises the following steps:
s1: hoisting the scrap steel raw material into a vibrating feeder by a travelling crane;
s2: the vibration feeder conveys the scrap steel raw materials from the feeding bin to the electric furnace body;
s3: preheating through a furnace door oxygen lance and a furnace arm oxygen lance, and assisting a high-temperature fan to preheat the electric furnace body with waste hot gas discharged by the electric furnace body;
s4: the preheated scrap steel raw material is vibrated and enters a circuit furnace body for melting and smelting;
s5: lime is added from an alloy feeding hole in the smelting process, and then the alloy conditioning component is added;
and S6, when the temperature of the molten steel in the electric furnace body is 1570 ℃, tilting the furnace to tap steel.
Wherein, in the step S5, lime is added at first at 30kg/t steel, and the alloy amount is 130-150kg/t steel;
in the step S6, the steel tapping tilting angle is 20 degrees, the steel tapping tilting speed is 1 degree/S, and the backward tilting speed after steel tapping is 4 degrees/S.
The frequency of the vibrating feeder is 1r/min4.5, the temperature of the high-temperature fan is controlled at 600 degrees, and the air quantity is 45000m3The pressure is 5000pa and the power is 75 KW.
Wherein the furnace door oxygen lance is a furnace door water-cooling carbon-oxygen lance, and the maximum flow rate is 2000Nm3Per hour, the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3The oxygen lances are arranged on two sides of the feed bin respectively, and the flow rate of each oxygen lance is 2000Nm3Per hour, the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3/t。
The preheating effect of the steelmaking process provided by the embodiment is obviously and greatly improved, the field measured temperature is within 500 ℃ of 400-.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments thereof, but is to be understood as being modified in all respects, all changes and equivalents that come within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An electric furnace system is characterized by comprising an electric furnace, an electric furnace cover, a furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism, a furnace tilting mechanism, a high-temperature fan, a feeding bin and a vibrating feeder, wherein the vibrating feeder is connected with the feeding bin,
the high-temperature fan comprises a cold air regulating valve, a fan inlet, a fan main body, a motor, a main air pipe and an air inlet pipe; the electric furnace is provided with a water cooling section, the water cooling section is provided with an opening, the opening of the water cooling section is connected with a fan inlet, a cold air regulating valve is arranged between the water cooling section and the fan inlet and used for controlling the temperature of hot air, the fan main body is connected with a main air pipe, and an air inlet pipe is arranged on the main air pipe;
the electric furnace comprises an upper furnace body, a lower furnace body, a furnace charge continuous feed inlet and a furnace door, wherein the feed bin is connected with the furnace charge continuous feed inlet, the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body can be separated from each other up and down, and the upper furnace body is connected with the lower furnace body;
the electric furnace cover comprises a rotary furnace cover and an eccentric small furnace cover, and the eccentric small furnace cover is connected with the lower furnace body;
the furnace cover lifting and rotating mechanism comprises a reinforced concrete structure, a furnace cover rotating frame, a rotating main shaft, a rotating track, a rotating roller, a rotating hydraulic cylinder and a furnace cover lifting device; a rotating main shaft is arranged on the reinforced concrete structure, one end of the furnace cover rotating frame is arranged on the rotating main shaft, a roller is arranged below the other end of the furnace cover rotating frame, the roller rolls on a rotating track of the reinforced concrete structure, and the rotating hydraulic cylinder arranged on the reinforced concrete structure drives the roller to rotate; the rotary furnace cover is arranged on the furnace cover rotating frame; the furnace cover lifting device comprises a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a lifting frame, the lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting frame to lift, a furnace cover is arranged on the lifting frame, and the furnace cover rotating frame is provided with the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the lifting frame;
the furnace tilting mechanism comprises a tilting cradle, a tilting riding wheel support, a cradle riding wheel and a tilting hydraulic cylinder, the lower furnace body is arranged on the tilting cradle, the tilting cradle is arranged on the tilting riding wheel support, an arc-shaped track is arranged at the lower part of the tilting cradle, a cradle riding wheel is arranged on the tilting riding wheel support, the arc-shaped track rotates on the riding wheel during tilting, and the tilting hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the lower part of a tilting cradle platform;
the temperature of the high-temperature fan is controlled to be 500 ℃ plus 700 ℃, and the air quantity is 30000 m plus 45000m3The pressure is 4500-;
also comprises a furnace door oxygen lance and a furnace arm oxygen lance, wherein the furnace door oxygen lance is a furnace door water-cooling carbon-oxygen lance, and the maximum flow rate of the furnace door oxygen lance is 2000Nm3H, the carbon powder spraying capacity is 20-60kg/min, and the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3The oxygen lances are arranged on two sides of the feed bin respectively, and the flow rate of each oxygen lance is 2000Nm3Per hour, the maximum oxygen blowing amount is 38Nm3/t。
2. The electric furnace system of claim 1, wherein the upper furnace shell comprises a water-cooled tubular frame and a water-cooled furnace wall; the lower furnace shell is formed by welding steel plates, and the bottom of the lower furnace shell is of a spherical structure.
3. The electric furnace system of claim 1, further comprising a weighing device comprising four pressure sensors, each of the four pressure sensors being mounted on a wheel axle carrying the furnace body.
4. The electric furnace system according to claim 1, wherein the cradle idler is surface quenched to a hardness of Rc 45.
5. The electric furnace system of claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the tilting cradle is provided with a furnace body mounting pin for fixing the furnace body.
6. A process for making steel in an electric furnace system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: hoisting the scrap steel raw material into a vibrating feeder by a travelling crane;
s2: the vibration feeder conveys the scrap steel raw materials from the feeding bin to the electric furnace body;
s3: preheating through a furnace door oxygen lance and a furnace arm oxygen lance, and assisting a high-temperature fan to preheat the electric furnace body with waste hot gas discharged from the electric furnace body;
s4: feeding the preheated scrap steel raw material into an electric furnace body for melting and smelting in a vibrating manner;
s5: lime is added from an alloy feeding hole in the smelting process, and then the alloy conditioning component is added;
s6, when the temperature of the molten steel in the electric furnace body is 1560-1580 ℃, the furnace is shaken to obliquely tap the steel.
7. The steelmaking process as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S5, lime is added at 30kg/t steel, and the alloy amount is 130-150kg/t steel; in the step S6, the steel tapping tilting angle is 12-20 degrees, the steel tapping tilting speed is 0-1 degree/S, and the backward tilting speed after steel tapping is 4 degrees/S.
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| CN201600037U (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-10-06 | 无锡市东方环境工程设计研究所有限公司 | Electric furnace flue gas waste heat recovery temperature control device |
| CN108676963A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-10-19 | 江苏久华环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of full thin material steel scrap electric furnace smelting method and smelting system |
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