CN112376340B - Design method for left-turn intersection guide line and left-turn stop line - Google Patents
Design method for left-turn intersection guide line and left-turn stop line Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
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- E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
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- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a left-turn intersection guide line and a left-turn stop line, and relates to a design method of a left-turn intersection guide line and a left-turn stop line. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing method causes the left-turning vehicle to collide with the straight-going vehicle in advance, the safety of the intersection is reduced, the linear requirement of a guide line of a left-turning intersection is not considered, and the left-turning vehicle is easy to collide with the vehicle to be driven on a side entrance way and the vehicle turning right on an opposite entrance way. The process is as follows: firstly, determining an intersection coordinate system and parameters; secondly, determining constraint conditions of a left-turn intersection guide line; thirdly, judging whether a left-turn intersection guide line is obtained or not, and if the left-turn intersection guide line is obtained, drawing the left-turn intersection guide line on the basis of the position of the existing left-turn stop line; if the current time cannot be obtained, executing the fourth step; and fourthly, enabling the left-turn intersection lead to be in direct contact with the inner lane, changing the position of the stop line, and obtaining the left-turn intersection guide line again. The method is used for the field of urban road intersection canalization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to urban road intersection canalization technology, in particular to a design method of a left-turn intersection guide line and a left-turn stop line.
Background
At a left turn permission phase intersection, a straight traffic flow should have priority right of passage, but the phenomenon of passing through of the left turn traffic flow by robbing is frequent, and a left turn front-end vehicle can select the shortest path close to an entrance lane as far as possible to turn, so that a potential conflict point is closer to the front-end vehicle, the straight traffic can pass through the intersection, a left turn fleet is guided to pass through the intersection, and the opposite straight traffic flow is greatly delayed.
According to the urban road traffic sign and marking setting specification (GB51038-2015), intersection guide lines are required to be set when the range of a plane intersection is large, the traffic organization is complex or the traffic flow conflict is serious. Therefore, the driving track of the left-turn vehicle in the intersection in the allowable phase can be guided and restrained by considering the linear optimization design of the guide line of the left-turn intersection, so that the interference of the left-turn vehicle on the straight-going traffic flow is reduced.
At present, scholars at home and abroad have relatively few researches on the design aspect of the guide line of the left-turn intersection. So far, no relevant documents give a specific design method of a left-turn intersection guide line. Therefore, the left-turn intersection guide line lacks of theoretical basis in the actual canalization construction process, and the line shape is determined according to the left-turn track of the line marking vehicle at the intersection mainly by means of experience of constructors. The design method does not consider intersection geometric conditions and critical conditions for avoiding the conflict between the left-turning vehicle and the opposite straight-going vehicle, and the conflict is caused when the left-turning vehicle passes through the straight-going vehicle in advance due to the lack of constraint on the vehicle track, so that the safety of the intersection is reduced.
However, for some intersections with limited geometric conditions, left-turn intersection guide lines meeting the requirement of minimum turning radius cannot be designed in the intersections. This problem is solved by optimizing the left-turn lane stop line position. The former scholars have also studied on the setting of the position of the stop line, but the setting method of the stop line does not consider the linear requirement of the guide line of the left turn intersection and is not designed aiming at the traffic environment of the left turn permission phase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing method causes the left-turning vehicle to collide with the straight-going vehicle in advance, the safety of the intersection is reduced, the linear requirement of a guide line of a left-turning intersection is not considered, and the left-turning vehicle is easy to collide with the vehicle to be driven at a side entrance way and the vehicle turning right at an opposite entrance way, and provides a design method of a guide line and a left-turning stop line of the left-turning intersection.
A design method of a left turn intersection guide line and a left turn stop line comprises the following specific processes:
step one, determining an intersection coordinate system and parameters;
determining constraint conditions of a left-turn intersection guide line;
step three, judging whether a left turn intersection guide line is obtained or not based on the step two, and if the left turn intersection guide line is obtained, drawing the left turn intersection guide line on the basis of the position of the existing left turn stop line; if the left-turn intersection guide line cannot be obtained, executing the step four;
and step four, enabling the left-turn intersection lead to be in direct contact with the inner lane, changing the position of the stop line, and obtaining the left-turn intersection guide line again.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a scientific and reasonable left-turn intersection guide line design model, which aims to solve the problem that the left-turn traffic flow always selects the shortest path close to an entrance lane to turn, ensure the orderly running of vehicles and scientifically and reasonably apply the space in an intersection. The core idea of the model is that the intersection geometric characteristics are combined, and the collision limit points are set to restrict the shape of the guide line of the left-turn intersection, so that the left-turn vehicle reaches the conflict point later than the straight-going vehicle, the priority right of the straight-going traffic flow is fully ensured, and the safety of the intersection is improved; the method solves the problems that the existing method does not consider intersection geometric conditions, avoids the critical conditions of conflict between left-turning vehicles and opposite straight-going vehicles, lacks constraint on vehicle tracks, causes conflict when the left-turning vehicles pass through the straight-going vehicles in advance, and reduces the safety of the intersection.
The method comprises the steps of establishing a position design model of a left-turn stop line of a permissible phase intersection by considering intersection geometric conditions and conflict critical conditions and considering the line shape requirement of the left-turn intersection guide line on the basis of a left-turn intersection guide line design model. The model can be applied to canalization design and transformation of the existing intersection, and can also provide theoretical basis for determining the position of the stop line of the newly-built intersection; the problem of the linear demand of left turn crossing guide line is not considered in the existing, and the left turn vehicle easily conflicts with the vehicle waiting for driving at the side entrance way and the vehicle turning right at the opposite entrance way is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a coordinate system and geometric parameter diagram of an intersection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a geometric relationship diagram of collision limit points;
FIG. 3 is a geometric relationship diagram of circular curve parameters and intersection parameters;
FIG. 4 is a left turn intersection guide line graph when no corresponding exit lane inboard lane is available;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of conflicting traffic flows on exit lanes for left-turn and right-turn vehicles;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of traffic flow of a left-turning vehicle colliding with a vehicle to be driven at a side entrance lane;
FIG. 7 is a geometric relationship diagram of a lower intersection after a stop line;
FIG. 8 is an effect diagram of the left turn intersection guide line at the intersection of the moon road and the level street;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the effect of the guide lines at the left-turn intersection of the street-Beian road intersection;
FIG. 10 is an optimized design diagram of the stop line position of the intersection of the east wind avenue and the flying road.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for designing the left-turn intersection guide line and the left-turn stop line comprises the following specific processes:
step one, determining an intersection coordinate system and parameters;
determining constraint conditions of a left-turn intersection guide line;
step three, judging whether a left turn intersection guide line is obtained or not based on the step two, and if the left turn intersection guide line is obtained, drawing the left turn intersection guide line on the basis of the position of the existing left turn stop line; if the left-turn intersection guide line cannot be obtained, executing the step four;
and step four, enabling the left-turn intersection lead to be in direct contact with the inner lane, changing the position of the stop line, and obtaining the left-turn intersection guide line again.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the intersection coordinate system and parameters are determined in the first step; the specific process is as follows:
in order to facilitate quantitative research, an intersection rectangular coordinate system is established first. As shown in fig. 1, a straight line where a separation line between an entrance lane of a left-turn vehicle and an opposite lane is located is taken as an x-axis, a straight line where a stop line of a left-turn lane of the entrance lane is located is taken as a y-axis to establish an intersection rectangular coordinate system, wherein the positive direction of the x-axis points to the direction of an exit lane right ahead of the entrance lane of the left-turn vehicle, and the positive direction of the y-axis points to the direction of an exit lane into which the left-turn vehicle of the entrance lane is about to enter;
the parameters are as follows: w is at、we、Le、Lc、Li；
wtIs the distance between the x-axis and the left edge line in the forward direction of the vehicle facing the first non-left-turn lane from the inner side of the entrance lane;
wethe distance between the stop lines of the road entrance lane where the left-turn exit lane is located from the x-axis;
Lethe distance between the lane where the left-turn exit lane is located and the separation line of the opposite roadway from the y-axis;
Lcis the distance from the y-axis to the opposite entry lane stop line;
li is the distance from the lane dividing line on the left-turn exit lane to the left edge line of the ith lane of the exit lane (when i is 1, L1 is 0, neglecting);
because the left-turn intersection guide line is closely related to the geometric conditions of the intersection, in order to show the relationship between the left-turn intersection guide line and the geometric conditions, the intersection rectangular coordinate system established in the foregoing is used to determine the relevant geometric parameters in the intersection, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 left turn intersection guidance line design model parameter List
Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the second embodiment is different from the first or second embodiment in that the constraint condition of the left-turn intersection guide line is determined in the second step; the specific process is as follows:
according to the movement track of the left-turn traffic flow in the intersection, the design of the left-turn intersection guide line should mainly consider the positions of three constraint points: a turning starting point due to an inlet lane position constraint, a turning ending point due to an outlet lane position constraint, and a collision limit point due to a straight-ahead traffic influence. The coordinate values of the constraint points are discussed separately below.
(1) Determining steering origin coordinates
The turning starting point is where the left-turning vehicle turns at the intersection entrance lane, and the left-turning intersection guide line is established with the trajectory of the left front wheel restrained as the target in view of the driver's driving on the left side of the vehicle. Thus, the turning starting point is the intersection point of the stop line and the opposite roadway dividing line, and the coordinates of the turning starting point are (0, 0);
(2) determining a steering end point coordinate;
the turning end point is the position of the left-turning vehicle when turning is finished and the left-turning vehicle drives away from the intersection;
considering that when the number of lanes at the exit lane is small, a left-turning vehicle and a vehicle which turns to the right to enter the exit lane have an interlacing conflict, so that the left-turning vehicle is generally guided to enter an inner lane for running, according to the running track of a left front wheel, a turning end point is an end point of a separation line between the left-turning exit lane and the opposite lane, and the coordinate of the end point is (L)e,we) (ii) a The steering end point coordinate may be expressed as (L) by guiding the left-turn vehicle into another lanee+Li,we)；
(3) Determining the coordinates of the collision limit points;
let the coordinates of the collision limit points be P (x)p,yp) The selection of the position is a key link of the design of the guide line of the left-turn intersection. The restriction of the conflict limit point can ensure that the left-turning vehicle can reach the conflict point later than the straight-going vehicle, and the left-turning vehicle is forced to give way to the opposite straight-going vehicle. Because the innermost lane of the opposite approach is a left-turning exclusive lane or a straight left common lane, the straight traffic flow is little or no. Therefore, the collision of the left-turn vehicle with the straight-ahead flow on the first non-left-turn lane from the inner side of the oncoming approach is considered as an important analysis target in the study.
According to the yielding rule in the left-turn permission phase, the design of the left-turn intersection guide line needs to ensure that the time for a left-turn vehicle to reach a potential conflict point is not earlier than that for an opposite straight-going vehicle. That is, under the condition that the flow speed of two conflicting vehicles of left-turn and opposite-straight running are the same, if the distance from the left-turn vehicle starting point O to the potential conflict point P is larger than the distance from the straight vehicle starting point T to the potential conflict point P, since the vehicles have a certain width, when the two vehicles reach the conflict point, the running distance of the left front wheel of the left-turn vehicle is compared with the running distance of the right front wheel of the straight vehicle, so that the point P is always located on the running track of the right front wheel of the straight vehicle, that is, there is a point P
yp＝wt (1)
Abscissa x of point PpCan be deduced from the geometrical relations in fig. 2. The path of the left-turn vehicle between point O and point P is actually a curve, but for simplicity of calculation, the length of segment OP is made equal to the length of segment PC, so that,
the length of the line segment CP is longer than that of the line segment CP, and under the same running speed, a left-turning vehicle reaches a collision limit point than a straight-going vehicle; from the above geometrical relationship, equations (2) and (3) can be obtained, namely:
OF2+PF2＝OP2＝CP2 (2)
wt 2+xp 2＝(Lc-xp)2 (3)
x is thenpCan be solved by equation (4), i.e. having
Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between the first embodiment and the third embodiment is that in the third step, whether a left-turn intersection guide line is obtained is judged based on the second step, and if the left-turn intersection guide line is obtained, the left-turn intersection guide line is drawn on the basis of the position of the existing left-turn stop line; if the left-turn intersection guide line cannot be obtained, executing the step four; the specific process is as follows:
the speed of the intersection is slow, the turning purpose of a driver is clear, and the guide line of the left-turn intersection mainly plays a role in restraining the track. The relaxation curve is not set for the purposes of simplifying the model and facilitating the application. The proposed left turn intersection guide line is composed of a straight line segment OTOCurve of circle
And straight line segment TEAnd E, because the left-turn intersection guide line is drawn based on the left front wheel track of the left-turn vehicle, the head end and the tail end of the steering circular curve are smoothly connected with the inlet road and the outlet road in consideration of the running smoothness of the vehicle. Thus, a circular curve
Should be opposite to the inlet/outlet lane to the lane dividing line OTOAnd TEE tangent, as shown in fig. 3;
meanwhile, according to the analysis in the foregoing, it is necessary to define the circular curve over-collision limit point P (x)p,wt) Let a circular curve
R, the coordinate of the center R can be expressed as (L)e-r, r), the basic form of the left turn intersection guide line analytic formula is shown as formula (5);
[x-(Le-r)]2+(y-r)2＝r2 (5)
according to the geometric structure of the intersection and the requirement of the left-turning vehicle running track, the circular curve
A circle belonging to the fourth quadrant component, and thus having x e Le-r,Le]The formula (5) can be arranged as
Next, the relationship between the radius r and the intersection geometry needs to be determined.
According to the coordinate of the point P and the tangent relation of the circular curve, the tangent relation of the point P and the circular curve can be obtained
RQ2+QP2＝RP2 (7)
The coordinate of Q may be expressed as (L)e-r,wt)；
Namely, it is
(r-wt)2+(r+xp-Le)2＝r2 (8)
After finishing, the product is obtained
It can be seen that the formula (9) is a unitary quadratic function about r, and the analytical formula of the left-turn intersection guide line can be determined by obtaining the value of r;
the distribution of the solution of this function requires a discussion of the discriminant Δ:
when delta is greater than 0, there are
After finishing, the product is obtained
Le＞xp (11)
At this time, r has two real roots, i.e.
Meanwhile, it is also necessary to ensure that the point P is located in the fourth quadrant of the circle, i.e. the point P is located at the lower right side of the circle center R, and then there is a constraint condition
I.e. the radius r needs to satisfy
r≥max(Le-xp,wt) (14)
If r takes a smaller real number, then there is
R and Le-xpCompared to obtain
Therefore, the smaller real number of the two real numbers does not satisfy the constraint condition, and the larger real number should be taken, so that the determination can be made
When delta is equal to 0, there is
[2(Le+wt-xp)]2-4[wt 2+(Le-xp)2]＝0 (18)
Can obtain the product
Le＝xp (19)
At this time, point P is a tangent point with TEThe points coincide with
r＝Le+wt-xp (20)
Substituting the formula (4) to obtain
When delta is less than 0, there are
Le＜xp (22)
At this time, the collision limit point P is already located on the right side of the point E, indicating that if a left-turning vehicle is to pass the collision limit point P, it cannot normally enter the exit laneAn inboard lane; at the moment, the left turn intersection guide line is considered to correspond to other lanes of the exit lane; the relationship among the radius r of the circular curve, the collision limit point P, and the geometric parameters of each intersection in this case is shown in fig. 4. When corresponding to the left edge of the ith lane, the abscissa of the steering end point E is changed to Le+ Li, and so on;
at this time, the center R coordinate becomes (L)e+ Li-r, r), so that the circular curve analytical formula becomes
Similarly, from the geometric derivation, the radius r of the circular curve can be expressed as
In addition to the above three cases, special attention is needed to be paid to the design requirement of the urban road intersection design regulation (CJJ152-2010) on the turning radius of the intersection curb, and when the design speed is 15km/h, the recommended radius is 10 m. Therefore, in practical application, it is also necessary to check whether the value of the circular curve radius r meets the minimum radius requirement, and if the circular curve radius r (the condition that the left-turn intersection leads the inner lane (i.e. the situation in fig. 3)) meets the minimum radius requirement, determine the left-turn intersection guide line;
if the radius r of the circular curve (the condition that the guide wire of the left-turn intersection is directly connected with the inner lane (namely the condition in fig. 3)) does not meet the requirement of the minimum radius, the guide wire of the left-turn intersection is directly connected with the next lane of the exit lane, the radius r of the circular curve is calculated, whether the value of the radius r of the circular curve meets the requirement of the minimum radius is checked, and if the requirement of the minimum radius is met, the guide wire of the left-turn intersection is determined; if the minimum radius requirement is not met, the guide line of the left-turn intersection is directly connected with the next lane of the exit lane, the radius r of the circular curve is calculated, whether the value of the radius r of the circular curve meets the minimum radius requirement is checked, and if the minimum radius requirement is met, the guide line of the left-turn intersection is determined; if the vehicle does not meet the requirement of continuous execution (the guide line of the left-turn intersection is connected with the next lane of the exit road, the radius r of the circular curve is calculated, and whether the value of the radius r of the circular curve meets the requirement of the minimum radius is checked) until all lanes are judged;
if the guide lines of the left-turn intersection are sequentially connected with all lanes of the exit lane (namely the situation in fig. 3) and the radius r of the circular curve does not meet the requirement of the minimum radius, executing a step four;
of course, it may also happen that for some intersections other lanes in-line cannot meet the minimum radius requirement. In this case, it is necessary to optimally design the position of the left-turn lane stop line in further consideration.
Other steps and parameters are the same as those in one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is different from one of the first to fourth embodiments in that the minimum radius is required to be 10m or more.
Other steps and parameters are the same as in one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between the fourth embodiment and the first to fifth embodiments is that in the fourth step, the left-turn intersection lead is connected with the inner lane, the stop line position is changed, and the left-turn intersection guide line is obtained again; the specific process is as follows:
and a left-turn intersection guide line is arranged at the intersection of the allowable phase positions, so that the behavior of left-turn vehicles can be well restrained, and the driving order of the intersection is standardized. However, for some intersections, the setting requirements cannot be met only by adding a left-turn intersection guide line on the existing canalization design scheme due to the restriction of self geometric conditions, and the following three conditions mainly exist.
The method is used for intersections with small sizes, particularly for intersection intersections of branches. The inner space of the left-turn intersection is small, the steering space is insufficient, the exit lane corresponding to the left-turn traffic flow even has only one lane, and a left-turn intersection guide line meeting the minimum radius requirement and the constraint of a conflict limit point is difficult to draw on the basis of the existing marking line. At this time, it is considered to enlarge the turning space by the way of putting the stop line backward, so as to provide a space condition for drawing a proper left-turn intersection guide line.
And secondly, for some intersections where the left-turn intersection guide lines cannot be in direct contact with the inner lane, although the left-turn intersection guide lines can be in direct contact with other lanes, the left-turn vehicles and the right-turn vehicles are likely to merge into the same lane. When the right hand-over flux is large, the interleaving conflict is extremely serious, and the intersection operation efficiency is influenced, as shown in fig. 5. Under such a condition, it is considered that the left-turn intersection guide line can be followed by the lane inside the exit lane by changing the position of the entrance lane stop line, so as to avoid the collision between the left-turn vehicle and the right-turn vehicle.
Thirdly, for some intersections with special road geometric structures, a tangent point T on a guide line of a left-turn intersection may appearEAbove the turning end point E. If the vehicle is driven according to the guide line of the left turn intersection, the vehicle waiting for driving with the red light in the lateral entrance lane can cause great interference to the left turn vehicle, as shown in fig. 6. To avoid a collision, it is also conceivable to set the stop line of the lane inside the lateral approach lane rearward to ensure that the left-turn path is not obstructed.
For the determination of the position of the stop-line of the approach lane for left-turning vehicles, the origin of the abscissa of the intersection coordinate system established in fig. 1 will be changed, LcAnd LeWill vary in length, but wtAnd weRemain unchanged. At this time, the collision limit point P also becomes a moving point, and the abscissa x thereofpAre also variables. However, the distance Δ L between the separation line of the left-turn exit lane and the stop line of the opposite approach lane in the intersection is Lc-LeThe length of (d) is constant and does not change due to a change in the origin. To reduce the number of variables and reduce the computational complexity, the order is
Le＝Lc-ΔL (25)
Wherein, DeltaL is the distance between the separation line of the opposite roadway where the left-turn exit lane is located in the intersection and the stop line of the opposite entrance lane;
therefore, only L is determinedcThe length of (d) can be used to obtain the position of the stop line; likewise, the intersection geometry is used to solve, as shown in FIG. 7.
First, formula (8) is modified to obtain
According to equation (13), r is greater than or equal to L to satisfy that the point P is in the fourth quadrant of the circlee-xpTherefore, the right side of the equation of formula (26) must be positive, and a positive value can be obtained
By substituting the formula (4) and the formula (25) into the formula (27), the compound (I) can be obtained
After finishing, have
Can obtain information about LcA unitary quadratic function of; it is still necessary to judge the distribution of the solution, the expression of the discriminant Δ of which is
For a general intersection, delta L is more than wtThe discriminant Δ ≧ 0 is always true, so the unary quadratic function must have a real number solution; coefficient of first order term according to equation (29)
Constant term wt 2If the two solutions are positive and real numbers, the two solutions can be judged to be positive and real numbers; it needs to further judge whether the two positive real roots can meet the requirement of the intersection.
The symmetric axis expression of the function is obtained by calculation
According to the geometrical relationship of the intersection, there is LcΔ L + r is always true. And x for the axis of symmetry x0In other words, x0< Δ L + r is always true, so there is Lc＞x0The situation is always established; in summary, the larger of the two real solutions should be taken, so LcIs expressed as
The r value can be determined according to the design requirements of the intersection; the reference is selected according to the corresponding relation between the speed and the radius of the urban road intersection design regulation (CJJ 152-2010). If the steering speed is required to reach 20km/h, finding a corresponding radius value in the specification for designing; if the radius is 30km/h, a radius value corresponding to 30km/h is found in the specification. The selection of the steering speed value is determined according to the requirements of management departments.
In the design stage of a newly-built intersection, the position of a stop line can be determined by the formula (32) according to the radius design requirement;
for the existing intersection reconstruction design, when r is the minimum radius of 10m, the limit position of the stop line can be obtained by satisfying the formula (33) of the minimum passing radius
In conclusion, the intersection delta L, w is obtainedtThe position of the left-turn stop line can be determined by two geometric parameters, and the method is convenient and easy to use. After the appropriate position is determined, the left turn intersection guide line can be further designed according to the method of the third step.
Other steps and parameters are the same as those in one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
(1) left turn intersection guide line design case
In order to illustrate the practicability of the design method of the left-turn intersection guide line, the left-turn intersection guide line is designed by taking the intersection of the moon road in Changchun city, the intersection of the peace road and the great street, and the intersection of the construction street in the North Anhui road as examples. The basic parameters of the intersection are shown in table 2.
Table 2 case intersection geometry parameter table (unit: m)
Bright moon road-peace street
The intersection canalization design is more conventional, the upper inlet channel and the lower inlet channel are symmetrically distributed, the space in the intersection is more sufficient, and a left-turn intersection guide line can be drawn under the existing canalization condition.
First, the coordinates of the collision constraint point P are solved, and x is obtained from the formula (4)pWhen the number is 26.6, P (26.6,6.5) is present. Due to Le＞xpR can be obtained as 17.5m according to the formula (17), and the requirement of the minimum radius is met. Then, the formula (6) can be obtained, and the intersection left-turn intersection guide line analysis formula is
The two ends of the circular curve are connected with the opposite lane separation lines of the entrance lane and the exit lane in the same direction, and then a complete left-turn lane guide line can be drawn. The live-action aerial photography effect of the left-turn intersection guide line for drawing the intersection of the bright moon road and the level street according to the calculation result is shown in fig. 8.
② building street-Bei an Lu
The intersection canalization design is special, and the ascending lane and the descending lane are in an asymmetric distribution state due to the unbalanced flow characteristic of the construction street.
Similarly, the position of the collision constraint point P is first solved, and the coordinates thereof are (18.9,3.25) by equation (4). According to the intersection LeAnd xpThe quantitative relationship of
16＝Le＜xp＝18.9 (35)
Therefore, the guide line of the left-turn intersection directly meets the inner lane of the exit lane and does not meet the design requirement, and the second lane directly meets the inner side of the exit lane needs to be considered. At this time, the coordinates of the turning end point E become (19.25, 12). Obtainable from formula (24)
R is less than 10, and the requirement of minimum radius is not satisfied. Because the number of lanes of the exit lane of the intersection is large, four lanes exist, and the third lane on the inner side of the exit lane can be continuously considered. After recalculation, the r value is 12.7, which meets the minimum radius requirement. The left turn intersection guide line of the intersection is analyzed as
The live-action aerial photography effect of the guide line of the left-turn intersection for drawing the intersection of the street-north ann road according to the calculation result is shown in fig. 9.
(2) Left turn stop line design case analysis
And (3) selecting an east wind avenue-flying road intersection in the Changchun city for analysis, wherein the measured values of various geometric parameters of the intersection are shown in a table 1.
The point P coordinate is (14.6, 3.5) by the calculation of the equation (4). For this intersection, Le＜xpTherefore, the guide line of the left-turn road junction can not be directly connected with the inner lane of the exit road. Because the intersection has more vehicles turning to the right, if a left-turn intersection guide line is directly connected with an outer lane of the intersection, the left-turn traffic flow and the right-turn traffic flow are in conflict, so that the position of a stop line of the left-turn vehicle of the entrance lane needs to be optimized, and the left-turn intersection guide line is enabled to guide the left-turn intersectionThe line can follow to the exit lane inboard lane.
TABLE 1 Dongfeng street-flying road intersection geometric parameter measurement
Under the condition that the intersection left turn radius meets the limit value of 10m, the formula (38) can obtain
Thus, before and after optimizing LcThe difference is 5.4m, i.e. the stop line is moved 5.4m backwards. The coordinate system is re-established at the new origin and the measured values of the geometric parameters after the stop-line optimization are shown in table 1. X is obtained by recalculationp＝17.4，Le＞xpAnd meets the requirements.
Further, according to the formula (6), an analytic formula of the left-turn intersection guide line can be given as shown in the formula (39). The optimized stop line position and left turn intersection guide line setting are shown in fig. 10
The present invention is capable of other embodiments and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A design method for a left-turn intersection guide line and a left-turn stop line is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific processes:
step one, determining an intersection coordinate system and parameters;
determining constraint conditions of a left-turn intersection guide line;
step three, judging whether a left turn intersection guide line is obtained or not based on the step two, and if the left turn intersection guide line is obtained, drawing the left turn intersection guide line on the basis of the position of the existing left turn stop line; if the left-turn intersection guide line cannot be obtained, executing the step four;
step four, enabling the left-turn intersection lead to be in direct contact with the inner lane, changing the position of the stop line, and obtaining the left-turn intersection guide line again;
determining an intersection coordinate system and parameters in the first step; the specific process is as follows:
establishing an intersection rectangular coordinate system, taking a straight line where a separation line of a left-turn vehicle entrance lane and an opposite lane is located as an x axis, and taking a straight line where a stop line of a left-turn lane of the entrance lane is located as a y axis to establish the intersection rectangular coordinate system, wherein the positive direction of the x axis points to the direction of an exit lane right ahead of the left-turn vehicle entrance lane, and the positive direction of the y axis points to the direction of an exit lane to which a left-turn vehicle of the entrance lane is about to drive;
the parameters are as follows: w is at、we、Le、Lc、Li；
wtIs the distance between the x-axis and the left edge line in the forward direction of the vehicle facing the first non-left-turn lane from the inner side of the entrance lane;
wethe distance between the stop lines of the road entrance lane where the left-turn exit lane is located from the x-axis;
Lethe distance between the lane where the left-turn exit lane is located and the separation line of the opposite roadway from the y-axis;
Lcis the distance from the y-axis to the opposite entry lane stop line;
li is the distance from the separation line of the opposite roadway of the left-turn exit lane to the left edge line of the ith lane of the exit lane;
determining constraint conditions of a left-turn intersection guide line in the second step; the specific process is as follows:
(1) determining a steering starting point coordinate;
the turning starting point is the place where the left-turning vehicle starts turning at the intersection entrance lane, namely the intersection point of the stop line and the opposite roadway dividing line, and the coordinates of the turning starting point are (0, 0);
(2) determining a steering end point coordinate;
the turning end point is the position of the left-turning vehicle when turning is finished and the left-turning vehicle drives away from the intersection;
guiding the left-turn vehicle to enter the inner lane for running, wherein according to the running track of the left front wheel, the turning end point is the end point of the separation line between the left-turn exit lane and the opposite lane, and the coordinate of the turning end point is (L)e,we) (ii) a The steering end point coordinate may be expressed as (L) by guiding the left-turn vehicle into another lanee+Li,we)；
(3) Determining the coordinates of the collision limit points;
let the coordinates of the collision limit points be P (x)p,yp) If the left-turn and the opposite straight-going two-collision traffic flow speed are the same, the distance from the left-turn vehicle starting point O to the potential conflict point P is larger than the distance from the straight-going vehicle starting point T to the potential conflict point P, when the two vehicles reach the conflict point, the running distance of the left front wheel of the left-turn vehicle and the running distance of the right front wheel of the straight-going vehicle are compared, and the point P is positioned on the running track of the right front wheel of the straight-going vehicle, namely the point P has
yp＝wt (1)
Let the length of the line segment OP be equal to the length of the line segment PC,
the length of the left-turning vehicle is longer than that of the line segment CP, and the left-turning vehicle reaches a collision limit point than a straight-going vehicle at the same running speed; namely:
OF2+PF2＝OP2＝CP2 (2)
wt 2+xp 2＝(Lc-xp)2 (3)
x is thenpIs solved by the formula (4), i.e. having
Judging whether a left-turn intersection guide line is obtained or not based on the step two in the step three, and if the left-turn intersection guide line is obtained, drawing the left-turn intersection guide line on the basis of the position of the existing left-turn stop line; if the left-turn intersection guide line cannot be obtained, executing the step four; the specific process is as follows:
the guide line of the left-turn intersection is formed by a straight line segment OTOCurve of circle
And straight line segment TEE form, circular curve
A lane dividing line OT facing the entrance/exit laneOAnd TEE, tangency;
defining the circular curve over-collision limit point P (x)p,wt) Let a circular curve
Has a radius of R and a coordinate of the center of the circle R as (L)e-r, r), the basic form of the left turn intersection guide line analytic formula is shown as formula (5);
[x-(Le-r)]2+(y-r)2＝r2 (5)
curve of circle
A circle belonging to the fourth quadrant component, and thus having x e Le-r,Le]The formula (5) can be arranged as
According to the coordinate of the point P and the tangent relation of the circular curve, the tangent relation of the point P and the circular curve can be obtained
RQ2+QP2＝RP2 (7)
The coordinate of Q is represented as (L)e-r,wt)；
Namely, it is
(r-wt)2+(r+xp-Le)2＝r2 (8)
After finishing, the product is obtained
The formula (9) is a unitary quadratic function about r, and the analytical formula of the left-turn intersection guide line is determined by obtaining the value of r;
the distribution of the solution of this function requires a discussion of the discriminant Δ:
when delta is greater than 0, there are
After finishing, the product is obtained
Le＞xp (11)
At this time, r has two real roots, i.e.
Meanwhile, it is also necessary to ensure that the point P is located in the fourth quadrant of the circle, i.e. the point P is located at the lower right side of the circle center R, and then there is a constraint condition
I.e. the radius r needs to satisfy
r≥max(Le-xp,wt) (14)
If r takes a smaller real number, then there is
R and Le-xpAre compared to obtain
Therefore, the smaller real number of the two real numbers does not satisfy the constraint condition, and the larger real number should be taken, so that the determination can be made
When delta is equal to 0, there is
Can obtain the product
Le＝xp (19)
At this time, point P is a tangent point with TEThe points coincide with
r＝Le+wt-xp (20)
Substituting the formula (4) to obtain
When delta is less than 0, there are
Le＜xp (22)
At the moment, the guide line of the left turn road corresponds to other lanes of the exit road; when corresponding to the left edge of the ith lane, the abscissa of the steering end point E is changed to Le+Li；
At this time, the center R coordinate becomes (L)e+ Li-r, r), so that the circular curve analytical formula becomes
Obtaining the expression of the radius r of the circular curve as
Checking whether the value of the radius r of the circular curve meets the requirement of the minimum radius, and if the radius r of the circular curve meets the requirement of the minimum radius, determining a guide line of the left-turn intersection;
if the radius r of the circular curve does not meet the requirement of the minimum radius, the guide line of the left-turn intersection is connected with the next lane of the exit lane, the radius r of the circular curve is calculated, whether the value of the radius r of the circular curve meets the requirement of the minimum radius or not is checked, and if the value of the radius r of the circular curve meets the requirement of the minimum radius, the guide line of the left-turn intersection is determined; if the minimum radius requirement is not met, the guide line of the left-turn intersection is directly connected with the next lane of the exit lane, the radius r of the circular curve is calculated, whether the value of the radius r of the circular curve meets the minimum radius requirement is checked, and if the minimum radius requirement is met, the guide line of the left-turn intersection is determined; if the lane is not satisfied, continuing to execute the vehicle until all lanes are judged;
if the guide lines of the left-turn intersection are sequentially connected with all lanes of the exit road, and the radius r of the circular curve does not meet the requirement of the minimum radius, executing a step four;
the minimum radius is required to be more than or equal to 10 m;
in the fourth step, the left-turn intersection lead is connected with the inner lane in the same direction, the stop line position is changed, and the left-turn intersection guide line is obtained again; the specific process is as follows:
order to
Le＝Lc-ΔL (25)
Wherein, DeltaL is the distance between the separation line of the opposite roadway where the left-turn exit lane is located in the intersection and the stop line of the opposite entrance lane;
therefore, only L is determinedcThe length of (d) can be used to obtain the position of the stop line;
Lcis expressed as
Determining an r value according to the design requirements of the intersection;
in the newly-built intersection stage, the position of the stop line is determined by a formula (32) according to the radius design requirement;
for the transformation of the existing intersection, when r is the minimum radius of 10m, the limit position of the stop line is obtained by satisfying the formula (33) of the minimum passing radius
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