CN112375958A - Preparation process of high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by rare earth treatment and pure smelting - Google Patents
Preparation process of high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by rare earth treatment and pure smelting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: s1: crushing the ore by a cone crusher; s2: putting the crushed element ore into a smelting furnace for melting; s3: reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace for pouring; s4: cooling and demoulding; s5: quenching and forging for multiple times; the invention can improve various performances of the steel, reduce impurities in the steel, discharge bubbles and have accurate process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation process of high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by rare earth treatment and pure smelting.
Background
The steel is a general term for iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content between 0.02% and 2.11% by mass. The chemical composition of the steel can vary greatly, and steels containing only carbon elements are called carbon steels (carbon steels) or ordinary steels; in actual production, steel often contains different alloying elements according to different applications, such as: manganese, nickel, vanadium, and the like. The history of steel application and research by mankind has been long, but until the 19 th century bainitic process was invented, steel production was a costly and inefficient task. Nowadays, steel is one of the most used materials in the world due to its inexpensive, reliable properties, and is an indispensable component in the construction industry, manufacturing industry, and people's daily life. It can be said that steel is the material basis of modern society, however, various kinds of steel on the market still have various problems in the preparation.
For example, the publication No. CN102242314B discloses a multi-element alloy toughening and wear-resistant medium manganese steel and a preparation process thereof, which realizes that wear-resistant steel parts such as electric bucket teeth, semi-autogenous mill liners, conveyor scrapers and the like prepared by adopting a composite modifier of rare earth ferrosilicon alloy, ferrotitanium alloy and ferrovanadium alloy for treatment and controlling the technological processes and parameters such as smelting, lost foam negative pressure forming, toughening water, tempering and the like have service lives which are improved by more than 2 times than those of the high manganese steel, but do not solve the problems of low toughness matching, reduced wear resistance, short service life, large amount of phosphorus and oxygen in the steel, simple process and the like of the existing steel, and therefore, the preparation process of the high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation process of high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting comprises the following preparation steps:
s1: crushing the ore by a cone crusher; crushing conventional element ores by a cone crusher, crushing the conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores, and respectively sieving the crushed conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores;
s2: putting the crushed element ore into a smelting furnace for melting; putting the crushed conventional element ore into a smelting furnace according to a ratio for high-temperature hot melting, after carrying out hot melting for 4-5h, reducing the temperature for the first time, then putting the conventional alloy element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting and mixing, wherein the hot melting time is 3-4h, reducing the temperature for the second time, putting the rare earth element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting, and increasing the temperature, wherein the hot melting time is 5-6 h;
s3: reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace for pouring; uniformly coating nano activated carbon on the inner wall of the casting model, then reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace, then casting the metal solution in the smelting furnace at the casting speed of 20-26 s for 6-8 m, and immediately paving a layer of nano activated carbon above the solution after casting;
s4: cooling and demoulding; after the casting, and after the nano activated carbon on the surface layer of the solution is burned and sintered, the casting mold is rapidly cooled, so that the solution in the casting mold is rapidly cooled and molded;
s5: quenching and forging for multiple times; the cooled steel is heated through the forging platform, then is beaten through the forging hammer, so that the steel can be molded, and is quenched after the beating is finished, and the steel is quenched and forged for at least three times, nano activated carbon on the surface of the steel is hammered out, and impurities and gaps inside the steel are forged and discharged.
Preferably, the crushed diameter of the conventional element ore in S1 is maintained between 10 and 30cm, the crushed diameter of the conventional alloying element ore is maintained between 2 and 10cm, and the crushed diameter of the rare earth element ore is maintained between 0.5 and 2 cm.
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature hot melt in the S2 is controlled to be between 2000 and 2500 ℃, the temperature of the first reduced temperature is controlled to be between 1600 and 2000 ℃, the temperature of the second reduced temperature is controlled to be between 800 and 1500 ℃, and the temperature of the increased temperature is controlled to be between 1500 and 1800 ℃.
Preferably, the difficulty-free range of lowering the temperature of the furnace in S3 is controlled to be 500-800 ℃, and the casting mold is configured to be a trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom.
Preferably, the rapid cooling in S4 is performed by conveying cooling water through a water-cooling pipe at the bottom of the casting mold to perform cooling, the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be 3-10 ℃, and the cooling time of the steel is 2-4 hours, so that the surface of the steel is demolded when the surface of the steel is cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, the quenching forging in S5 requires heating the steel material to 300-500 ℃ and then forging and hammering.
Preferably, the mass percentages of the conventional elements in the S2 are as follows: 0.12 to 0.20 percent of C, 0.02 to 0.82 percent of Si, 0.90 to 1.40 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.019 percent of S and less than 0.031 percent of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02 to 0.10 percent of Cr, 0.20 to 0.40 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1 percent of Al, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu and 0.30 to 0.40 percent of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.03% -0.12%, Nb 0.13% -0.20%, Y0.03% -0.08% and Nd 0.02% -0.10%; the balance being Fe.
Preferably, the mass percentages of the conventional elements are as follows: c0.16%, Si 0.42%, Mn 1.00%, S0.009%, and P0.021%; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.08% of Cr, 0.30% of Mo, 0.8% of AL, 0.20% of Cu and 0.35% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.10%, Nb 0.16%, Y0.05% and Nd 0.08%; the balance being Fe.
Preferably, the mass percentages of the conventional elements in the S2 are as follows: 0.20 percent of C, 0.82 percent of Si, 1.40 percent of Mn, 0.019 percent of S and 0.031 percent of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.10% of Cr, 0.40% of Mo, 1% of AL, 0.25% of Cu and 0.40% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: 0.12 percent of V, 0.20 percent of Nb, 0.08 percent of Y and 0.10 percent of Nd, and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the mass percentages of the conventional elements in the S2 are as follows: 0.12% of C, 0.02% of Si, 0.90% of Mn, 0.001% of S and 0.008% of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02% of Cr, 0.20% of Mo, 0.5% of AL, 0.15% of Cu and 0.30% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.03%, Nb 0.13%, Y0.03% and Nd 0.02%; the balance being Fe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the interior of the steel is modified by adding the rare earth element into the steel, the metallurgical quality and the mechanical property of the steel are improved, the strength, the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of the steel are improved, phosphorus and oxygen in the steel can be discharged, the impurity content in the steel is reduced, and the control and the regulation of the processing technology effectively realize the smelting control of the steel, so that the steel can be stably molded, and the compactness of an internal structure is kept.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting comprises the following preparation steps:
s1: crushing the ore by a cone crusher; crushing conventional element ores by a cone crusher, crushing the conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores, and respectively sieving the crushed conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores;
s2: putting the crushed element ore into a smelting furnace for melting; putting the crushed conventional element ore into a smelting furnace according to a ratio for high-temperature hot melting, after hot melting for 4-5h, reducing the temperature for the first time, then putting the conventional alloy element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting and mixing, wherein the hot melting time is 3, reducing the temperature for the second time, putting the rare earth element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting, and increasing the temperature, wherein the hot melting time is 5;
s3: reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace for pouring; uniformly coating nano activated carbon on the inner wall of the casting model, then reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace, casting the metal solution in the smelting furnace at the casting rate of 20s for 6m, and laying a layer of nano activated carbon above the solution immediately after casting;
s4: cooling and demoulding; after the casting, and after the nano activated carbon on the surface layer of the solution is burned and sintered, the casting mold is rapidly cooled, so that the solution in the casting mold is rapidly cooled and molded;
s5: quenching and forging for multiple times; the cooled steel is heated through the forging platform, then is beaten through the forging hammer, so that the steel can be molded, and is quenched after the beating is finished, and the steel is quenched and forged for at least three times, nano activated carbon on the surface of the steel is hammered out, and impurities and gaps inside the steel are forged and discharged.
In order to accelerate the heat fusion speed of the ore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the crushed diameter of the conventional elemental ore in S1 is maintained at 10, the crushed diameter of the conventional alloying element ore is maintained at 2, and the crushed diameter of the rare earth element ore is maintained at 0.5.
In order to achieve precise temperature control and reduce impurities in the solution, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the temperature of the high-temperature hot melt in S2 is controlled to 2000 ℃, the temperature of the first reduced temperature is controlled to 1600 ℃, the temperature of the second reduced temperature is controlled to 800 ℃, and the temperature of the increased temperature is controlled to 1500 ℃.
In order to realize the casting, prevent the solution flow rate from being too fast, and prevent the solution from excessively contacting the air, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the non-difficulty range of lowering the furnace temperature in S3 be controlled at 500 ℃, and the casting mold be configured as a trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom.
In order to perform rapid cooling so that the inside of the steel can reduce the existence of air bubbles, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the rapid cooling in S4 is performed by conveying cooling water through a water cooling pipe at the bottom of the casting mold to perform cooling, and the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be 3 ℃, and the cooling time of the steel is 2 hours, so that the demolding is performed when the surface of the steel is cooled to room temperature.
In order to forge the steel material, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the quenching forging in S5 is performed by heating the steel material to 300 ℃ and then hammering the steel material.
Wherein the mass percentages of the conventional elements are as follows: c0.16%, Si 0.42%, Mn 1.00%, S0.009%, and P0.021%; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.08% of Cr, 0.30% of Mo, 0.8% of AL, 0.20% of Cu and 0.35% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.10%, Nb 0.16%, Y0.05% and Nd 0.08%; the balance being Fe.
Example two:
the preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting comprises the following preparation steps:
s1: crushing the ore by a cone crusher; crushing conventional element ores by a cone crusher, crushing the conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores, and respectively sieving the crushed conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores;
s2: putting the crushed element ore into a smelting furnace for melting; putting the crushed conventional element ore into a smelting furnace according to a ratio for high-temperature hot melting, after hot melting for 5 hours, firstly reducing the temperature, then putting the conventional alloy element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting and mixing, wherein the hot melting time is 4 hours, secondly reducing the temperature, putting the rare earth element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting, and increasing the temperature, wherein the hot melting time is 6 hours;
s3: reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace for pouring; uniformly coating nano activated carbon on the inner wall of the casting model, then reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace, casting the metal solution in the smelting furnace at the casting rate of 26s for 8m, and laying a layer of nano activated carbon above the solution immediately after casting;
s4: cooling and demoulding; after the casting, and after the nano activated carbon on the surface layer of the solution is burned and sintered, the casting mold is rapidly cooled, so that the solution in the casting mold is rapidly cooled and molded;
s5: quenching and forging for multiple times; the cooled steel is heated through the forging platform, then is beaten through the forging hammer, so that the steel can be molded, and is quenched after the beating is finished, and the steel is quenched and forged for at least three times, nano activated carbon on the surface of the steel is hammered out, and impurities and gaps inside the steel are forged and discharged.
In order to accelerate the heat fusion speed of the ore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the crushed diameter of the conventional elemental ore in S1 is maintained at 30cm, the crushed diameter of the conventional alloying element ore is maintained at 10cm, and the crushed diameter of the rare earth element ore is maintained at 2 cm.
In order to achieve precise temperature control and reduce impurities in the solution, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the temperature of the high-temperature hot melt in S2 is controlled to 2500 ℃, the temperature of the first reduced temperature is controlled to 2000 ℃, the temperature of the second reduced temperature is controlled to 1500 ℃, and the temperature of the increased temperature is controlled to 1800 ℃.
In order to realize the casting, prevent the solution flow rate from being too fast, and prevent the solution from excessively contacting the air, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the non-difficulty range of lowering the furnace temperature in S3 be controlled at 800 ℃, and the casting mold be configured as a trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom.
In order to perform rapid cooling so that the inside of the steel can reduce the existence of air bubbles, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the rapid cooling in S4 is performed by conveying cooling water through a water cooling pipe at the bottom of the casting mold to perform cooling, and the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be 10 ℃, and the cooling time of the steel is 4 hours, so that the demolding is performed when the surface of the steel is cooled to room temperature.
In order to forge the steel material, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the quenching forging in S5 is performed by heating the steel material to 500 ℃ and then hammering the steel material.
Wherein the mass percentages of the conventional elements are as follows: 0.20 percent of C, 0.82 percent of Si, 1.40 percent of Mn, 0.019 percent of S and 0.031 percent of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.10% of Cr, 0.40% of Mo, 1% of AL, 0.25% of Cu and 0.40% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: 0.12 percent of V, 0.20 percent of Nb, 0.08 percent of Y and 0.10 percent of Nd, and the balance of Fe.
Example three:
the preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting comprises the following preparation steps:
s1: crushing the ore by a cone crusher; crushing conventional element ores by a cone crusher, crushing the conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores, and respectively sieving the crushed conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores;
s2: putting the crushed element ore into a smelting furnace for melting; putting the crushed conventional element ore into a smelting furnace according to a ratio for high-temperature hot melting, after hot melting for 4.5 hours, reducing the temperature for the first time, then putting the conventional alloy element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting and mixing, wherein the hot melting time is 3.4 hours, reducing the temperature for the second time, putting the rare earth element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting, and increasing the temperature, wherein the hot melting time is 5.6 hours;
s3: reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace for pouring; uniformly coating nano activated carbon on the inner wall of the casting model, then reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace, casting the metal solution in the smelting furnace at the casting rate of 26s for 8m, and laying a layer of nano activated carbon above the solution immediately after casting;
s4: cooling and demoulding; after the casting, and after the nano activated carbon on the surface layer of the solution is burned and sintered, the casting mold is rapidly cooled, so that the solution in the casting mold is rapidly cooled and molded;
s5: quenching and forging for multiple times; the cooled steel is heated through the forging platform, then is beaten through the forging hammer, so that the steel can be molded, and is quenched after the beating is finished, and the steel is quenched and forged for at least three times, nano activated carbon on the surface of the steel is hammered out, and impurities and gaps inside the steel are forged and discharged.
In order to accelerate the heat fusion speed of the ore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the crushed diameter of the conventional elemental ore in S1 is maintained at 20cm, the crushed diameter of the conventional alloying element ore is maintained at 8cm, and the crushed diameter of the rare earth element ore is maintained at 1 cm.
In order to achieve precise temperature control and reduce impurities in the solution, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the temperature of the high-temperature hot melt in S2 is controlled to be 2300 ℃, the temperature of the first reduced temperature is controlled to be 1800 ℃, the temperature of the second reduced temperature is controlled to be 1000 ℃, and the temperature of the increased temperature is controlled to be 1600 ℃.
In order to realize the casting, prevent the solution flow rate from being too fast, and prevent the solution from excessively contacting the air, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the non-difficulty range of lowering the furnace temperature in S3 be controlled at 700 ℃, and the casting mold be configured as a trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom.
In order to perform rapid cooling so that the inside of the steel can reduce the existence of air bubbles, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the rapid cooling in S4 is performed by conveying cooling water through a water cooling pipe at the bottom of the casting mold to perform cooling, the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be between 5 ℃, and the cooling time of the steel is 3 hours, so that the surface of the steel is demolded when cooled to room temperature.
In order to forge the steel material, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the quenching forging in S5 be performed by heating the steel material to 400 ℃ and then hammering the steel material.
Wherein, the mass percentages of the conventional elements are as follows: 0.12% of C, 0.02% of Si, 0.90% of Mn, 0.001% of S and 0.008% of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02% of Cr, 0.20% of Mo, 0.5% of AL, 0.15% of Cu and 0.30% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.03%, Nb 0.13%, Y0.03% and Nd 0.02%; the balance being Fe.
The process flow of the invention is as follows:
the first step is as follows: crushing the ore by a cone crusher; crushing conventional element ores by a cone crusher, crushing the conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores, and respectively sieving the crushed conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores;
the second step is that: putting the crushed element ore into a smelting furnace for melting; putting the crushed conventional element ore into a smelting furnace according to a ratio for high-temperature hot melting, after hot melting for 4.5 hours, reducing the temperature for the first time, then putting the conventional alloy element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting and mixing, wherein the hot melting time is 3.4 hours, reducing the temperature for the second time, putting the rare earth element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting, and increasing the temperature, wherein the hot melting time is 5.6 hours;
the third step: reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace for pouring; uniformly coating nano activated carbon on the inner wall of the casting model, then reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace, casting the metal solution in the smelting furnace at the casting rate of 26s for 8m, and laying a layer of nano activated carbon above the solution immediately after casting;
the fourth step: cooling and demoulding; after the casting, and after the nano activated carbon on the surface layer of the solution is burned and sintered, the casting mold is rapidly cooled, so that the solution in the casting mold is rapidly cooled and molded;
the fifth step: quenching and forging for multiple times; the cooled steel is heated through the forging platform, then is beaten through the forging hammer, so that the steel can be molded, and is quenched after the beating is finished, and the steel is quenched and forged for at least three times, nano activated carbon on the surface of the steel is hammered out, and impurities and gaps inside the steel are forged and discharged.
Having shown and described embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
s1: crushing the ore by a cone crusher; crushing conventional element ores by a cone crusher, crushing the conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores, and respectively sieving the crushed conventional alloy element ores and rare earth element ores;
s2: putting the crushed element ore into a smelting furnace for melting; putting the crushed conventional element ore into a smelting furnace according to a ratio for high-temperature hot melting, after carrying out hot melting for 4-5h, reducing the temperature for the first time, then putting the conventional alloy element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting and mixing, wherein the hot melting time is 3-4h, reducing the temperature for the second time, putting the rare earth element ore into the smelting furnace according to the ratio for hot melting, and increasing the temperature, wherein the hot melting time is 5-6 h;
s3: reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace for pouring; uniformly coating nano activated carbon on the inner wall of the casting model, then reducing the temperature of the smelting furnace, then casting the metal solution in the smelting furnace at the casting speed of 20-26 s for 6-8 m, and immediately paving a layer of nano activated carbon above the solution after casting;
s4: cooling and demoulding; after the casting, and after the nano activated carbon on the surface layer of the solution is burned and sintered, the casting mold is rapidly cooled, so that the solution in the casting mold is rapidly cooled and molded;
s5: quenching and forging for multiple times; the cooled steel is heated through the forging platform, then is beaten through the forging hammer, so that the steel can be molded, and is quenched after the beating is finished, and the steel is quenched and forged for at least three times, nano activated carbon on the surface of the steel is hammered out, and impurities and gaps inside the steel are forged and discharged.
2. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the crushed diameter of the conventional element ore in the S1 is kept between 10 and 30cm, the crushed diameter of the conventional alloy element ore is kept between 2 and 10cm, and the crushed diameter of the rare earth element ore is kept between 0.5 and 2 cm.
3. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the temperature of the high-temperature hot melting in the S2 is controlled to be 2000-2500 ℃, the temperature of the first reduced temperature is controlled to be 1600-2000 ℃, the temperature of the second reduced temperature is controlled to be 800-1500 ℃, and the temperature of the increased temperature is controlled to be 1500-1800 ℃.
4. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the difficulty-free range of reducing the temperature of the furnace in the step S3 is controlled between 500 ℃ and 800 ℃, and the casting model is set to be a trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom.
5. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and the rapid cooling in the S4 is carried out by conveying cooling water through a water cooling pipe at the bottom of the casting model for cooling, the temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be 3-10 ℃, and the cooling time of the steel is 2-4h, so that the demoulding is carried out when the surface of the steel is cooled to the room temperature.
6. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the quenching forging in the S5 needs to heat the steel to 300-500 ℃ and then carry out forging hammering.
7. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mass percentages of the conventional elements in the S2 are as follows: 0.12 to 0.20 percent of C, 0.02 to 0.82 percent of Si, 0.90 to 1.40 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.019 percent of S and less than 0.031 percent of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02 to 0.10 percent of Cr, 0.20 to 0.40 percent of Mo, 0.5 to 1 percent of Al, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu and 0.30 to 0.40 percent of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.03% -0.12%, Nb 0.13% -0.20%, Y0.03% -0.08% and Nd 0.02% -0.10%; the balance being Fe.
8. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mass percentages of the conventional elements in the S2 are as follows: c0.16%, Si 0.42%, Mn 1.00%, S0.009%, and P0.021%; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.08% of Cr, 0.30% of Mo, 0.8% of AL, 0.20% of Cu and 0.35% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.10%, Nb 0.16%, Y0.05% and Nd 0.08%; the balance being Fe.
9. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mass percentages of the conventional elements in the S2 are as follows: 0.20 percent of C, 0.82 percent of Si, 1.40 percent of Mn, 0.019 percent of S and 0.031 percent of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.10% of Cr, 0.40% of Mo, 1% of AL, 0.25% of Cu and 0.40% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: 0.12 percent of V, 0.20 percent of Nb, 0.08 percent of Y and 0.10 percent of Nd, and the balance of Fe.
10. The preparation process of the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth wear-resistant steel by adopting rare earth treatment and pure smelting according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mass percentages of the conventional elements in the S2 are as follows: 0.12% of C, 0.02% of Si, 0.90% of Mn, 0.001% of S and 0.008% of P; the conventional alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02% of Cr, 0.20% of Mo, 0.5% of AL, 0.15% of Cu and 0.30% of N; the mass percentages of the rare earth elements are as follows: v0.03%, Nb 0.13%, Y0.03% and Nd 0.02%; the balance being Fe.
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