CN1123756A - High sinking-resistant boat body - Google Patents

Abstract

The high-insubmersibility hull features that durable firm buoys are put in each separated cabin and it is allowed water to leakage into the said separated cabins because the said buoys can provide buoyance, which improves the insubmersibility of hull. If individual buoy is damaged, the influence to total buoyance is very small.

Description

A kind of high sinking-resistant boat body

The present invention relates to the shipbuilding field, particularly relate to the manufacturing of high resistance to sinking safety boats and ships.

In order to improve resistance to sinking, people are provided with some minutes separations in hull at present, after one of them or several breakages, and the adjacent cabin of the unlikely inflow of water in the broken storehouse, hull relies on unbroken those minutes separations still to keep certain buoyancy anti-sink.This structural requirement divides separation must have good water tightness.Therefore, to bulkhead material requirements height, manufacturing process complexity, the high and maintenance difficulty of cost; In addition, the raising of resistance to sinking requires to divide separation number the more the better (for example 10,000), is that difficulty has realized and 10,000 good branch separations of water tightness are set in hull, so the raising of this hull resistance to sinking also is very limited.

The objective of the invention is provides a kind of hull with high resistance to sinking for overcoming above-mentioned prior art deficiency.

A kind of high sinking-resistant boat body basic structure of the present invention is: some minutes separations are set in hull, filling buoyancy tube in the storehouse, divide separation to surround by bulkhead, bulkhead comprises ceiling board, cabin side plate, ceiling board, allows, can clog one deck buoyancy tube or multilayer buoyancy tube in the bin according to the cabin inner height, for stressed evenly with prevent at randomly, the multilayer buoyancy tube can insert an active clapboard between the adjacent bed up and down.Bulkhead adopts fastener (bolt, rivet etc.) to be connected with skeleton, also can weld.Easy-to-dismount some wallboard, preferably bolt together during for maintenance.But other parts of fixed hull on skeleton and the bulkhead.The know-why of this basic structure is: buoyancy tube produces in water to buoyancy, and this buoyancy holds up top board and interlock skeleton come-up in top board, promptly whole hull come-up.Bulkhead plating can adopt close material, is expendable weight, economical with materials, also can adopt sheet material with holes, and Kong Weiyuan, side, prismatic etc. are not limit, and require impassabitity buoyancy tube in the hole, can adopt the commodity web plate.The effect of ceiling board is the buoyancy that bears buoyancy tube, and the effect of cabin side plate and ceiling board then is to stop that buoyancy tube is elegant outside hull.Another effect of bulkhead is to strengthen hull structure.

Buoyancy tube of the present invention is a kind of hollow thin-wall cylindrical body, and basic demand is: one, can resist big hydraulic pressure (pressure 1kg/cm during dark 10 meters of fresh water for example ²), do not break in length or long-term (for example 10 years), non-leakage; Two, in light weight; Three, high temperature resistant type is arranged during special requirement; Four, anti-fresh water or marine corrosion; Five, during a plurality of buoyancy tube compact arrangement between the adjacent cylindrical shell gap little; Six, the tube end with separate the ceiling board contact surface stressed even, distortion is little.Enumerate the buoyancy tube and the description of drawings of several patterns below:

One, referring to Fig. 1, buoyancy tube 1 cylindrical shell shown in Figure 1 is by barrel 2, the tube end 3, tube top 4 constitutes, cylindrical shell is the garden tubular, the tube end 3 is worn-out mouthful, tube top 4 is the plane, buoyancy tube 1 is pressed in the water, the vexed buoyancy that produces in tube of air, the characteristics of this buoyancy tube are that the worn-out tube end of revealing of cylindrical shell can be as the fish gill in respiration, when hydraulic pressure strengthens, tube end inspiration water is some more, air reaches and hydraulic balance in the compression cylinder, and tube compressed air pressure is during greater than hydraulic pressure, some water of then breathing out at the bottom of the tube, the volume of air expansion pressure reduces to reach and hydraulic balance in the tube, the barrel internal and external pressure balance, so barrel is indeformable, indefatigability is broken, this buoyancy tube structure tube is single, the also cubic tubular of cylindrical shell, six square tube shapes etc.Can intake when this buoyancy tube shortcoming is alist, loss of buoyance is so only should adopt when emergency rating.Cylindrical shell can be with material such as aluminium sheet, plastics (can add fire retardant), glass-felt plastic, steel plate (adding anticorrosion coating) corrosion-resistant steels.

Two, referring to Fig. 2, buoyancy tube 1 shown in Figure 2 is made of barrel 2, the tube end 3, tube top 4, and the tube end 3, tube top 4 are the plane, and barrel 2 is waveform wrinkle walls, and material is rubber or soft moulding.This type buoyancy tube is hermetically sealed, because there is depth difference cylindrical shell end face and bottom surface in water, so a differential water pressures is arranged, waveform wrinkle wall can be under this pressure reduction shrinks freely, indefatigability with break, this buoyancy tube water tightness is good, do not intake long service life during alist.Cylindrical shell can be garden shape, square etc.

Three; referring to Fig. 3; buoyancy tube 1 shown in Figure 3 combines the characteristics of a type and two type buoyancy tubes; buoyancy tube 1 is by barrel 2; the tube end 3; tube top 4; cover 5 constitutes; leak-tight joint is made with the base of tube sidewall 2 in cover 5 edges; cover 5 middle parts are provided with the boss of the band waveform wrinkle wall that stretches in nozzle; boss indefatigability capable of expansion and contraction is broken; cover 5 water tightnesses are good; air in the tube and the outer water of tube are separated; but the same automatically regulating barrel of this type tube internal and external pressure balance with a type tube; the not yielding fracture by fatigue of self-shield barrel then equally with two type tubes when alist can not intake.This type tube also can be made into high temperature resistant type, and its method is cylindrical shell to be adopted material such as aluminium, steel or stainless steel, and lid 5 is selected resistant to elevated temperatures rubber when 300 ℃ of silaatics (for example aging, indeformable) for use or softly moulded making.This type buoyancy tube suits to adopt in medium-to-high grade boats and ships.This type buoyancy tube shape can be garden shape, square etc.

Four, referring to Fig. 4, Figure 4 shows that buoyancy tube fabricate block, buoyancy tube are packed in the frame basket 6, can insert a dividing plate between the adjacent bed up and down in the time of can clogging one deck to several layers of floatage body, multilayer filling, this type buoyancy tube shape can be garden shape, square etc., adopt gap minimum between the square tube combination floatage body, so the buoyancy maximum.Combination buoyancy tube characteristics are to make hull manufacturing, assembly technology more simplify, overhaul more convenient.Another characteristics be make the damaged face of branch separation must be big to can be the time by fabricate block, buoyancy tube is the possibility drift, has increased the branch separation and has rectified and protect the ability of floatage body.Divide the wallboard of separation also can adopt large aperture sheet material simultaneously, more simplify.

Technical solution of the present invention is: general boats and ships are only established a big floatage body (being hull itself), and anti-heavy power is the poorest, hull one little place breakage can cause foundering; The anti-heavy stronger boats and ships of power are provided with some watertights and divide separation in hull, still keep certain buoyancy after part is divided the separation breakage, and this ship provides anti-sink-float power by some (several or tens) medium floatage body (branch separation) of volume.Hull of the present invention then adopts volume littler, and more floatage body (buoyancy tube) provides buoyancy, and is like this that floatage bodyization is greatly little, breaks the whole up into parts, and improved resistance to sinking greatly.

High sinking-resistant boat body structure of the present invention has two modes, in mode one, the hull watertight is set and divides separation, filling buoyancy tube in the cabin, buoyancy tube does not directly provide buoyancy for hull, only behind minute separation damage and water inflow, just be converted into buoyancy tube and directly provide buoyancy to hull, adopt the manner than other mode resistance to sinking stronger but make, the mode difficulty is much bigger in addition in maintenance.Mode two has two submodes of A, B again, and A is the non-watertight structure of shell, divides separation also non-watertight structure, separates filling buoyancy tube in the cabin, (comprises in the branch separation) long-term accumulated water in the shell, and aqueous corrosion is big.Simultaneously, accumulated water has increased the volume that hull is gone into water section in the shell, and resistance increases, speed is had negatively influencing.The manner hull operation buoyancy is directly provided by buoyancy tube, and this state shell suffers under the damaged situation with dividing separation, and big to the buoyancy tube drift as long as damaged degree does not have, the buoyancy that hull is subjected to is constant.The manner hull manufacturing process is the simplest, and easily maintenance especially is fit to make low-grade ship.B is the shell watertight structure, divide separation non-watertight structure, separate in the cabin and clog buoyancy tube, accumulated water not in this mode shell, therefore do not produce aqueous corrosion, hull operation buoyancy is provided by shell, when the shell breakage, water enters in the hull and (comprises and entering in the branch separation) that hull buoyancy transfers to by buoyancy tube at this moment provides, and should consider during design that the buoyancy tube gross buoyancy should be greater than hull gr.wt. (mode one, mode A too), there is not accumulated water in the manner hull at ordinary times, not perishable, that hull entry partial volume increases is few (increase be that the buoyancy tube gross weight causes), less to the speed negatively influencing.The manner hull manufacturing process is simpler, easily maintenance, and the material rustless property is less demanding in the hull, and cost is not high, is fit to basic, normal, high all kinds of boats and ships.

The present invention is high, and anti-wreck hull material can be used timber, bamboo wood, plastics, aluminium, steel, corrosion-resistant steel etc.The technical solution of the present invention hull is fit to nonpower driven vessel, also adapts to power driven vessel.

Technique effect of the present invention is: one, be subjected to strong collision (as long as disintegrate) when hull, a large amount of (hundreds and thousands of) bullets pierce, and under the situation of toppling, still have very high resistance to sinking, have increased safety.Two, owing to divide separation to allow seepage, hull structure is simple, and therefore manufacturing process is simplified.Three, be easy to maintenance.Four, cost is low.Five, spitkit, breeding ship can adopt discarded bottle (mineral water bottle, Coca-Cola bottle), kettle, jar, bucket etc. to make buoyancy tube, and be favourable to the protection environment.Six, economic benefit and social benefit show acute.The act aircraft carrier is an example, and existing heavy aircraft carrier cost reaches 2,000 hundred million dollars, adds thousands of officers and men; in case bombard and sink, lose huge, if adopt high sinking-resistant boat body design of the present invention; resistance to sinking can improve greatly, improves its combat capabilities favourable to protection life, property.Seven, be fit to classification wide, comprise landing stage, yacht, bicycle, motor boat, hovercraft, hydrofoil boat, oil tanker, cargo ship, passenger steamer, naval vessels waterborne, aircraft carrier all can adopt the high anti-shipwreck body of the present invention to manufacture and design.

The explanation of accompanying drawing drawing.

Figure 1 shows that a type buoyancy tube structural representation.

Figure 2 shows that two type buoyancy tube structural representations.

Figure 3 shows that three type buoyancy tube structural representations.

Figure 4 shows that four type buoyancy tube structural representations.

Figure 5 shows that embodiment of the invention high sinking-resistant boat body structural representation.

The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment

Embodiment one, and Fig. 5 is a present embodiment high sinking-resistant boat body structural representation.As shown in the figure, be provided with branch separation 8 in the hull, the bulkhead that divides separation 8 is by ceiling board 17, ceiling board 11, and cabin side plates such as cabin side plate 18, cabin side plate 13 surround, cabin side plate 18 also is the shell side plate, cabin side plate 13 also is the wallboard of cargo hold 12, and to divide separation 8 be non-watertight structure, divide filling buoyancy tubes 1 in the separation 8, is provided with in the hull to erect skeleton 9, top slat iron 10, bulkhead plating and all be fixed on the skeleton, shell 7 is by side plate 18, and chine strip 19, base plate 10 are formed.Present embodiment shell 7 is a watertight structure, dividing separation 8 is non-watertight structure, the present embodiment hull normally moves in the time-division separation 8 does not intake, after 7 breakages of watertight shell, divide separation 8 just to intake, buoyancy tube rises floating in accumulated water, holds up ceiling board 17, and the interlock skeleton makes whole hull keep certain buoyancy anti-sink.Also do not have on the ship side crashproofly to be with 16.Cargo hold 12 is established cargo hold base plate 15.

Embodiment two, the same Fig. 5 of embodiment two high sinking-resistant boat body structural representations, with embodiment one difference be that branch separation 8 is watertight structure.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of high sinking-resistant boat body comprises shell, divides separation, it is characterized in that filling has buoyancy tube (1) in the branch separation (8).

2, a kind of high sinking-resistant boat body according to claim 1 is characterized in that the branch separation is a watertight structure.

3, a kind of high sinking-resistant boat body according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the end face (4) of buoyancy tube (1) is the plane, and cylindrical shell is garden tubular, cubic tubular, six square tube shapes etc.

4, buoyancy tube according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that buoyancy tube (1) bottom surface (3) is provided with cover (5), and cover (5) middle part is provided with the boss of band waveform wrinkle.

5, buoyancy tube according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that buoyancy tube (1) is packed in formation buoyancy tube fabricate block in the frame basket (6).

6, high sinking-resistant boat body according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that buoyancy tube (1) material is aluminium sheet, plastics, rubber, glass-felt plastic, steel plate, stainless steel sheet etc.

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