CN112375381A - Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant polyimide material - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant polyimide material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112375381A
CN112375381A CN202011428191.3A CN202011428191A CN112375381A CN 112375381 A CN112375381 A CN 112375381A CN 202011428191 A CN202011428191 A CN 202011428191A CN 112375381 A CN112375381 A CN 112375381A
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preparation
temperature
polyimide material
resistant polyimide
steps
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赵强
胡孙日
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Anhui Weineng Power Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Weineng Power Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L79/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
    • C08L79/04Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C08L79/08Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011Nanostructured additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material; relates to the technical field of polyimide, and comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining a prepolymer solution; (2) obtaining an intermediate; (3) nano calcium carbonate particles; (4) sequentially adding the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin into a reaction kettle, then adjusting the temperature to 80-90 ℃, stirring for 50-60min, and then drying to constant weight to obtain the resin composition; the polyimide material prepared by the method has excellent high-temperature resistance.

Description

Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant polyimide material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyimide, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material.
Background
Polyimide (PI) is a special engineering material and has been widely used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, microelectronics, nano-scale, liquid crystal, separation membrane, laser and the like. In the last 60 th century, the research, development and utilization of polyimide was listed as one of the most promising engineering plastics in 21 st century in all countries. Polyimide, because of its outstanding characteristics in terms of performance and synthesis, has been fully recognized as a structural material or a functional material with great application prospects, and is called "problem-solving". Polyimide has excellent mechanical, electrical and chemical properties, and is always the first choice for high-performance polymer materials.
However, the pure polyimide material has a general high temperature resistance, and can accelerate the aging decomposition process and greatly reduce the mechanical properties when working for a long time in an environment with a relatively high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material, which aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing aromatic dianhydride and diamine according to a molar ratio of 1:1, adding the mixture into ionic liquid, and reacting under the protection of inert atmosphere at the temperature of 40-45 ℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain a prepolymer solution;
(2) sequentially adding resorcinol, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, potassium carbonate, tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, dimethylformamide and toluene into a reaction kettle, heating to 125 ℃, preserving heat for reaction for 5 hours, cooling to 78-85 ℃, adding 4-nitrophthalonitrile, continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and removing the solvent and unreacted materials to obtain an intermediate;
(3) mixing the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid and a sodium carbonate solution together, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, stirring for 40min at 50-60 ℃, then filtering, drying and crushing to obtain nano calcium carbonate particles;
(4) and sequentially adding the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin into a reaction kettle, then adjusting the temperature to 80-90 ℃, stirring for 50-60min, and then drying to constant weight to obtain the nano calcium carbonate/rosin resin composite material.
The ionic liquid is chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole;
the mixing mass ratio of the aromatic dianhydride to the chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole is 1: 4-5.
The inert atmosphere is neon.
The resorcinol, the 4, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, the potassium carbonate, the tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, the dimethylformamide and the toluene are mixed according to the parts by weight: 15-18: 12-14:3-5:1.8-2.5:40-42: 18-20;
the mixing mass ratio of the 4-nitrophthalonitrile to the resorcinol is 1: 3.
The mass fraction of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid is 12.5%;
the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 22 percent;
the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid to the sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1.5.
The power of the ultrasonic wave is 800W, and the frequency is 40 kHz.
The weight ratio of the prepolymer solution to the intermediate to the nano calcium carbonate particles to the rosin resin is 78-82:13-18:10-15: 1.5-1.7.
Has the advantages that:
the polyimide material prepared by the method has excellent high temperature resistance, the prepared intermediate can improve the high temperature resistance and the processing performance of the material, but the loss of the solubility performance can be inevitably caused, the heat resistance of the material can be improved to a certain extent through crosslinking between the intermediate and the intermediate, the 5 percent thermal decomposition temperature is obviously improved, and a more stable three-dimensional network structure can be obtained in a material system through the synergistic effect of the components.
The polyimide prepared by the method has higher volume resistivity, which shows that the electrical insulation performance of the polyimide material prepared by the method is greatly improved.
According to the invention, by introducing certain mass of nano calcium carbonate particles and rosin resin, the polyimide material can be reinforced and toughened to a certain extent, stress is effectively transferred, and crack propagation is prevented by bridging and crack steering mechanisms, so that the mechanical property of the composite material is improved.
Detailed Description
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing aromatic dianhydride and diamine according to a molar ratio of 1:1, adding the mixture into ionic liquid, and reacting under the protection of inert atmosphere at the temperature of 40-45 ℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain a prepolymer solution;
(2) sequentially adding resorcinol, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, potassium carbonate, tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, dimethylformamide and toluene into a reaction kettle, heating to 125 ℃, preserving heat for reaction for 5 hours, cooling to 78-85 ℃, adding 4-nitrophthalonitrile, continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and removing the solvent and unreacted materials to obtain an intermediate;
(3) mixing the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid and a sodium carbonate solution together, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, stirring for 40min at 50-60 ℃, then filtering, drying and crushing to obtain nano calcium carbonate particles;
(4) and sequentially adding the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin into a reaction kettle, then adjusting the temperature to 80-90 ℃, stirring for 50-60min, and then drying to constant weight to obtain the nano calcium carbonate/rosin resin composite material.
The ionic liquid is chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole;
the mixing mass ratio of the aromatic dianhydride to the chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole is 1: 4-5.
The inert atmosphere is neon.
The resorcinol, the 4, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, the potassium carbonate, the tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, the dimethylformamide and the toluene are mixed according to the parts by weight: 15-18: 12-14:3-5:1.8-2.5:40-42: 18-20;
the mixing mass ratio of the 4-nitrophthalonitrile to the resorcinol is 1: 3.
The mass fraction of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid is 12.5%;
the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 22 percent;
the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid to the sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1.5.
The power of the ultrasonic wave is 800W, and the frequency is 40 kHz.
The weight ratio of the prepolymer solution to the intermediate to the nano calcium carbonate particles to the rosin resin is 78-82:13-18:10-15: 1.5-1.7.
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing aromatic dianhydride and diamine according to a molar ratio of 1:1, adding the mixture into ionic liquid, and reacting at 40 ℃ for 8 hours under the protection of inert atmosphere to obtain a prepolymer solution; the ionic liquid is chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole; the mixing mass ratio of the aromatic dianhydride to the chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole is 1:4. The inert atmosphere is neon.
(2) Sequentially adding resorcinol, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, potassium carbonate, tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, dimethylformamide and toluene into a reaction kettle, heating to 122 ℃, preserving heat for reaction for 5 hours, cooling to 78 ℃, adding 4-nitrophthalonitrile, continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and removing a solvent and unreacted materials to obtain an intermediate; the resorcinol, the 4, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, the potassium carbonate, the tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, the dimethylformamide and the toluene are mixed according to the parts by weight: 15: 12:3:1.8:40: 18; the mixing mass ratio of the 4-nitrophthalonitrile to the resorcinol is 1: 3.
(3) Mixing the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid and a sodium carbonate solution together, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min, stirring for 40min at 50 ℃, then filtering, drying and crushing to obtain nano calcium carbonate particles; the mass fraction of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid is 12.5%; the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 22 percent; the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid to the sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1.5. The power of the ultrasonic wave is 800W, and the frequency is 40 kHz.
(4) And sequentially adding the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin into a reaction kettle, then adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃, stirring for 50min, and then drying to constant weight to obtain the nano calcium carbonate/rosin resin composite material. The mixing weight ratio of the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin is 78:13:10: 1.5.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing aromatic dianhydride and diamine according to a molar ratio of 1:1, adding the mixture into ionic liquid, and reacting at 45 ℃ for 10 hours under the protection of inert atmosphere to obtain a prepolymer solution; the ionic liquid is chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole; the mixing mass ratio of the aromatic dianhydride to the chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole is 1: 5. The inert atmosphere is neon.
(2) Sequentially adding resorcinol, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, potassium carbonate, tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, dimethylformamide and toluene into a reaction kettle, heating to 125 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 5 hours, cooling to 85 ℃, adding 4-nitrophthalonitrile, continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and removing the solvent and unreacted materials to obtain an intermediate; the resorcinol, the 4, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, the potassium carbonate, the tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, the dimethylformamide and the toluene are mixed according to the parts by weight: 18: 14:5:2.5:42: 20; the mixing mass ratio of the 4-nitrophthalonitrile to the resorcinol is 1: 3.
(3) Mixing the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid and a sodium carbonate solution together, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, stirring for 40min at 60 ℃, then filtering, drying and crushing to obtain nano calcium carbonate particles; the mass fraction of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid is 12.5%; the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 22 percent; the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid to the sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1.5. The power of the ultrasonic wave is 800W, and the frequency is 40 kHz.
(4) And sequentially adding the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin into a reaction kettle, then adjusting the temperature to 90 ℃, stirring for 60min, and then drying to constant weight to obtain the nano calcium carbonate/rosin resin composite material. The mixing weight ratio of the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin is 82:18:15: 1.7.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing aromatic dianhydride and diamine according to a molar ratio of 1:1, adding the mixture into ionic liquid, and reacting at 42 ℃ for 9 hours under the protection of inert atmosphere to obtain a prepolymer solution; the ionic liquid is chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole; the mixing mass ratio of the aromatic dianhydride to the chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole is 1: 4.5. The inert atmosphere is neon.
(2) Sequentially adding resorcinol, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, potassium carbonate, tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, dimethylformamide and toluene into a reaction kettle, heating to 124 ℃, preserving heat for reaction for 5 hours, cooling to 83 ℃, adding 4-nitrophthalonitrile, continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and removing the solvent and unreacted materials to obtain an intermediate; the resorcinol, the 4, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, the potassium carbonate, the tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, the dimethylformamide and the toluene are mixed according to the parts by weight: 16.8: 13:4:2.1:41: 19; the mixing mass ratio of the 4-nitrophthalonitrile to the resorcinol is 1: 3.
(3) Mixing the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid and a sodium carbonate solution together, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 12min, stirring for 40min at 53 ℃, then filtering, drying and crushing to obtain nano calcium carbonate particles; the mass fraction of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid is 12.5%; the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 22 percent; the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid to the sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1.5. The power of the ultrasonic wave is 800W, and the frequency is 40 kHz.
(4) And sequentially adding the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin into a reaction kettle, then adjusting the temperature to 86 ℃, stirring for 54min, and then drying to constant weight to obtain the nano calcium carbonate/rosin resin composite material. The mixing weight ratio of the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin is 80.2:15:13: 1.62.
Test of
Carrying out glass transition temperature detection and comparison on the samples of the examples and the comparative examples;
TABLE 1
Glass transition temperature/. degree.C
Example 1 380
Example 2 379
Example 3 383
Comparative example 1 269
Comparative example 1: the difference from example 3 is that no intermediate is added;
as can be seen from Table 1, the polyimide material prepared by the method of the present invention has a higher glass transition temperature.
Thermal weight loss detection:
using TG 209F type thermogravimetric analyzer (Netzsch) to test the thermal weight loss behavior of a sample in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the test temperature range is 100-800 ℃, and the heating rate is 10 ℃/min
The weight loss temperature of the comparative example and the comparative example is counted and compared:
TABLE 2
Thermal weight loss-Td 5%/. degree.C
Example 1 583
Example 2 580
Example 3 588
Comparative example 1 552
Comparative example 2 567
Comparative example 1: the difference from example 3 is that no intermediate is added;
comparative example 2: the difference from the example 3 is that no nano calcium carbonate particles are added;
as can be seen from Table 2, the polyimide material prepared by the method of the present invention has a high thermal decomposition temperature.
The volume resistivity test of the electrical insulation performance sample is carried out according to GB/T1410-2006 volume resistivity and surface resistivity test method of solid insulation materials;
TABLE 3
Volume resistivity value/1014 Ω·cm
Example 1 1.314
Example 2 1.302
Example 3 1.326
Comparative example 1 0.988
Comparative example 1: the difference from example 3 is that no intermediate is added;
as can be seen from Table 3, the polyimide prepared by the method of the present invention has a high volume resistivity, which indicates that the electrical insulation property of the polyimide material prepared by the method of the present invention is greatly improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and all the modifications and equivalents of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant polyimide material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing aromatic dianhydride and diamine according to a molar ratio of 1:1, adding the mixture into ionic liquid, and reacting under the protection of inert atmosphere at the temperature of 40-45 ℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain a prepolymer solution;
(2) sequentially adding resorcinol, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, potassium carbonate, tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, dimethylformamide and toluene into a reaction kettle, heating to 125 ℃, preserving heat for reaction for 5 hours, cooling to 78-85 ℃, adding 4-nitrophthalonitrile, continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and removing the solvent and unreacted materials to obtain an intermediate;
(3) mixing the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid and a sodium carbonate solution together, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, stirring for 40min at 50-60 ℃, then filtering, drying and crushing to obtain nano calcium carbonate particles;
(4) and sequentially adding the prepolymer solution, the intermediate, the nano calcium carbonate particles and the rosin resin into a reaction kettle, then adjusting the temperature to 80-90 ℃, stirring for 50-60min, and then drying to constant weight to obtain the nano calcium carbonate/rosin resin composite material.
2. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant polyimide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the ionic liquid is chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole;
the mixing mass ratio of the aromatic dianhydride to the chlorinated 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole is 1: 4-5.
3. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant polyimide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the inert atmosphere is neon.
4. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant polyimide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the resorcinol, the 4, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, the potassium carbonate, the tetramethyl [ bis (3, 4-phthalic anhydride phenyl) ] disiloxane, the dimethylformamide and the toluene are mixed according to the parts by weight: 15-18: 12-14:3-5:1.8-2.5:40-42: 18-20;
the mixing mass ratio of the 4-nitrophthalonitrile to the resorcinol is 1: 3.
5. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant polyimide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass fraction of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid is 12.5%;
the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 22 percent;
the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide dispersion liquid to the sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1.5.
6. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant polyimide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the power of the ultrasonic wave is 800W, and the frequency is 40 kHz.
7. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant polyimide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the prepolymer solution to the intermediate to the nano calcium carbonate particles to the rosin resin is 78-82:13-18:10-15: 1.5-1.7.
CN202011428191.3A 2020-12-09 2020-12-09 Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant polyimide material Pending CN112375381A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104629365A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-20 哈尔滨工程大学 Method for preparing carbon fiber-polyimide composite material
CN105906809A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-08-31 万华化学集团股份有限公司 Polyimide preparation method
CN106280440A (en) * 2016-09-23 2017-01-04 齐鲁工业大学 A kind of polymolecularity Polyimide/Nano particle composite film and preparation method thereof
CN107652433A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-02-02 湖北鼎龙控股股份有限公司 The preparation method of polyimides

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104629365A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-20 哈尔滨工程大学 Method for preparing carbon fiber-polyimide composite material
CN105906809A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-08-31 万华化学集团股份有限公司 Polyimide preparation method
CN106280440A (en) * 2016-09-23 2017-01-04 齐鲁工业大学 A kind of polymolecularity Polyimide/Nano particle composite film and preparation method thereof
CN107652433A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-02-02 湖北鼎龙控股股份有限公司 The preparation method of polyimides

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