CN112373036B - 3d printing platform and printing optimization method thereof - Google Patents

3d printing platform and printing optimization method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112373036B
CN112373036B CN202011020238.2A CN202011020238A CN112373036B CN 112373036 B CN112373036 B CN 112373036B CN 202011020238 A CN202011020238 A CN 202011020238A CN 112373036 B CN112373036 B CN 112373036B
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platform
printing
model
fixed
lifting
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CN112373036A (en
Inventor
黄睿涛
施建平
冯春梅
杨继全
邱鑫
李娜
杨建飞
汤浩
杨帅
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Nanjing Normal University
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Nanjing Normal University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/40—Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a 3d printing platform and a printing optimization method thereof, wherein the printing platform comprises a separable platform, a motor, two layers of supporting frames and a bottom supporting plate, the separable platform comprises a fixed platform and a liftable platform, the two layers of supporting frames comprise an outer layer supporting frame and an inner layer supporting frame, two ends of the outer layer supporting frame and the inner layer supporting frame are respectively fixed on a fixed circular platform and the bottom supporting plate, the motor controls a liftable circular small platform to move up and down along the inner layer supporting frame, and a spray head is arranged above the fixed circular platform. For the printing of a flexible long structure model of a flow channel and the like, a large printing space or a very high z-axis does not need to be preset for a spray head, and the model can be built by continuously descending a small platform.

Description

3d printing platform and printing optimization method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a 3d printing technology, in particular to a 3d printing platform and a printing optimization method thereof.
Background
The value-added material technology, namely the 3D printing technology, is a novel rapid prototyping technology which is gradually emerging in the 80 s, the development of the technology begins to impact the status of the traditional manufacturing industry, and the technology has unique advantages in a plurality of high and new technology industries.
3D printing has many different forms, such as FDM, DLP, EBF, SLA, etc., and materials are also various, such as thermoplastics, various alloys, photosensitive resins, etc., but in a broad sense, the 3D printing process is mainly three parts: three-dimensional modeling, namely performing model building on a target through a computer; slicing the model by specific software; and (4) model printing, namely stacking the slices layer by layer through a 3D printer to construct a target model. Compared with the traditional manufacturing mode, the production speed of the 3D printer is mainly determined by the size of the model rather than the structure. Nowadays, in many fields, the building of long models and large models is required, and the traditional 3d printing mode cannot meet the building of the models. The reason is mainly that the 3d printing model is influenced by the area of the printing platform and the moving range of the printing nozzle in space, and the printing of the large model is greatly limited. Taking a long strip model as an example, a very large spray head moving range on a z axis is required, but the long strip model is not common, so that a printer capable of meeting long strip printing is rare, and the development space of a modeling author is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a 3d printing platform, which overcomes the defect that 3d printing is not suitable for long model printing.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a 3d printing optimization method.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a 3d printing platform which comprises a separable platform, a motor, two layers of supporting frames and a bottom supporting plate, wherein the separable platform comprises a fixed platform and a liftable platform, the two layers of supporting frames comprise an outer layer supporting frame and an inner layer supporting frame, two ends of the outer layer supporting frame and two ends of the inner layer supporting frame are respectively fixed on a fixed circular platform and the bottom supporting plate, the motor controls a liftable circular small platform to move up and down along the inner layer supporting frame, and a spray head is arranged above the fixed circular platform.
Preferably, the fixed platform is a circular platform, the liftable platform is a small circular platform, and the diameter of the liftable platform is the same as the diameter of the inner ring of the fixed platform.
Preferably, the outer layer supporting frames are multiple, and the two ends of each outer layer supporting frame are respectively fixed on the outer sides of the bottom supporting plate and the fixed platform and used for supporting the fixed platform; the inner layer supporting frames are provided with a plurality of inner ring sides, two ends of each inner layer supporting frame are respectively provided with a bottom supporting plate and a fixed platform, and the inner ring sides are used for supporting the lifting platform and are used as lifting rails of the lifting platform; the outer layer supporting frame and the inner layer supporting frame are arranged in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the bottom supporting plate is provided with a bottom cavity.
Preferably, the motor is arranged on the back of the fixed platform and used for controlling the lifting of the lifting platform.
The invention also provides a printing optimization method of the 3d printing platform, which comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, transmitting the model to be printed to a printer through slicing software, starting a calibration process of the printer, calibrating the liftable platform and the fixed platform to the same horizontal plane, and calibrating the spray head to the initial height;
s2, when the liftable platform and the fixed platform reach the same horizontal plane, firstly printing the side support of the model to be printed according to the first layer of printing area processed by the tangent plane software;
s3, in the printing process, the spray head can not move on the z axis and only moves on the xy plane of the calibration horizontal plane, and the z axis change of the model to be printed is controlled by the lifting platform and is realized by the motor. The lifting movement speed of the whole lifting platform is determined by the thickness of a printed single layer and is controlled and realized by slicing software of an upper computer;
s4, when the length of the overlong model exceeds the descending limit of the liftable platform, printing a side support on the side surface of the model again for fixing the relative position of the model and the inner side support frame, so that the model can be controlled by a motor to move up and down after being relatively fixed with the inner side support frame in position; then stopping printing after power failure, manually disassembling the lifting platform, taking down the inner layer support frame from the initial printing part of the model, enabling the model to pass through the bottom cavity after the length of the model exceeds the highest height, then bending and placing the flexible flow channel, and continuing printing;
and S5, after the printing of the long flexible model is finished, taking down the whole model, removing the supporting part on the side surface, and finishing the model building.
Further, the specific method for calibrating the nozzle and the 3d printing platform in step S1 is as follows:
before printing, the spray head and the 3d printing platform need to be calibrated, the motor controls the lifting platform to rise to the same horizontal plane with the fixed platform, namely, the lifting platform is just positioned in a circular ring of the fixed platform, the single-layer thickness generated according to slicing software is used as a preset value for the spray head, namely, the height of the spray head is higher than the single-layer thickness of the platform, at the moment, the calibration is completed, the height of the fixed platform and the height of the spray head do not change any more, and the spray head only moves on an xy axis on the calibration horizontal plane.
Further, the method of side support printing in step S2 is:
the side support takes the circle center of the lifting platform as the origin of coordinates, the intersection point of the lifting platform and the inner layer support frame as the end point, and printing is carried out by taking N straight lines which are separated by 360 degrees/N as paths until the straight lines are connected to the first layer outline of the model to be printed.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the construction of the model by continuously descending the small platform for the printing of the flexible long structure model such as a flow channel without presetting a large printing space or an extremely high z-axis for the spray head.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the 3d printing platform configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a 3d printing platform calibration configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the 3d printing platform printing process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a print optimization method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention and not to limit the present invention.
The 3d printing platform comprises a separable platform, a motor, two layers of supporting frames and a bottom supporting plate, wherein the separable platform comprises a fixed circular platform and a liftable circular small platform; the fixed circular platform is a fixed platform and can not ascend or descend, when the model is small and the small platform does not need to act, the fixed circular platform and the small platform form a large circular printing platform together, and when the model with the same length structure as the flow channel is printed, the fixed circular platform is used for calibrating the small liftable circular platform. The separable platform is also used as a printing platform supported by the side face of the model in the calibration process, in order to ensure that the flexible long model cannot fail to print due to bending, the proper unit length is taken according to the thickness of the model, and the support needs to be printed on the side face of the model every unit length. When the printing model is too long and exceeds the height change of the lifting platform, the lifting platform can be detached, then the front end of the model is placed in a bent mode through a bottom cavity, and then the model is continuously printed in a continuous mode, so that the printing of the whole model is completed.
Two-layer support frame contains outer support frame and inlayer support frame: the outer layer supporting frame is used for supporting the fixed circular ring platform, the inner layer supporting frame is used as a lifting track of the liftable circular small platform, and the stagger angles of the two layers of supports support the whole system, so that the stability is improved. The lifting is controlled by a motor at the joint of the inner layer supporting frame and the small lifting round platform. The motor for controlling the lifting is controlled by an upper computer and is realized by a software part.
The bottom supporting plate is used for supporting the outer supporting frame and the inner supporting frame, and a bottom cavity is formed in the bottom supporting plate.
As shown in fig. 1, the fixed platform 1 is a circular platform, which is arranged below the spray head 7, the liftable platform 2 is a small circular platform, and the diameter of the liftable platform is the same as or slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner ring of the fixed platform; the motor 3 is arranged on the back of the fixed platform and used for controlling the lifting of the lifting platform; the outer side support frames 4 are provided with a plurality of support frames, the two ends of each support frame are respectively fixed on the outer sides of the bottom support plate and the fixed platform and used for supporting the fixed platform, the inner side support frames 5 are provided with a plurality of support frames, the two ends of each support frame are respectively fixed on the inner ring sides of the bottom support plate and the fixed platform and used for supporting the liftable platform and serving as a lifting track of the liftable platform; the bottom supporting plate 6 is used for supporting the whole printing platform and is provided with a cavity 8;
the number of the outer layer support frames and the number of the inner layer support frames are three, so that a triangular support structure is formed; and the outer layer supporting frames and the inner layer supporting frames are arranged in a staggered mode.
The 3d printing optimization method of the invention adopts the 3d printing platform, as shown in fig. 2, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, calibrating the spray head and the 3d printing platform;
before printing, the spray head and the 3d printing platform need to be calibrated, as shown in fig. 3, the motor controls the lifting platform to ascend to the same horizontal plane with the fixed platform, namely, the lifting platform is just located in a circular ring of the fixed platform, the single-layer thickness generated by the spray head according to slice software is used as a preset value, namely, the height of the spray head is higher than the single-layer thickness of the platform, the calibration is completed at the moment, the height of the fixed platform and the height of the spray head do not change any more, and the spray head only moves on the xy axis on the calibration horizontal plane.
S2, printing a side support of the model to be printed;
after the calibration is finished, the side support of the model to be printed needs to be printed first, and the preparation before printing is completed completely.
S3, printing the model;
after printing starts, the lifting platform is controlled by the upper computer, the motor is used for realizing the descending, and the descending speed is matched with the preset single-layer printing speed.
And after printing is finished, taking out the printing model from the lifting platform, and then removing the support. When the printing model is too long and the flexible material is printed, the printing model is set in advance by software, and the side support can be printed again after a certain distance so as to ensure that the printing surface is fixed without being influenced by gravity.
In summary, the printing of the super-long model is optimized by the movement of the printing platform, and the following takes printing a vertical flexible long flow channel as an example, and the model printing process is further described as shown in fig. 4:
1. firstly, a model 9 to be printed is transmitted to a printer through slicing software, the printer starts a calibration process, a lifting platform and a fixed platform are calibrated to the same horizontal plane, and a spray head is also calibrated to the initial height.
2. When the lifting platform and the fixed platform reach the same horizontal plane, the side support 10 of the model to be printed is printed according to the first layer of printing area processed by the section software. The side support 10 takes the circle center of the liftable platform as the origin of coordinates, the intersection point of the liftable platform and the inner layer support as the terminal point, and prints according to 3 straight lines which are 120 degrees apart as paths until the straight lines are connected to the first layer outline of the model to be printed.
3. In the printing process, the spray head cannot move on the z axis and only moves on the xy plane of the calibration horizontal plane, and the z axis change of the model to be printed is controlled by the liftable platform and is realized by the motor. The lifting movement speed of the whole lifting platform is determined by the thickness of a printed single layer and is controlled and realized by slice software of an upper computer.
4. When the length of the overlong model exceeds the descending limit of the lifting platform, the side support is printed on the side face of the model again for fixing the relative position of the model and the inner side support frame, the model can be relatively fixed with the inner side support frame in position and then controlled by a motor to move up and down, the power is cut off to stop printing, the lifting platform is manually disassembled, the inner layer support frame is taken down from the initial printing part of the model, and after the length of the model exceeds the highest height, the flexible flow channel can pass through a bottom cavity, then is bent and placed, and printing is continued.
5. After the printing of the long flexible model is finished, the whole model is taken down, and the supporting part of the side surface is removed. And (5) completing model building.
In conclusion, the method is realized through a novel platform, and the platform comprises a lifting platform, a fixed platform and a support. When the overlong model, such as various flow channels, is printed, the lifting platform, the fixed platform and the spray head are calibrated, then the side supports are printed and used for relatively fixing the model and the inner side support, and finally the upper computer controls each layer to be printed through slice software, so that the whole model is built. When the flexible overlong model exceeds the allowable descending height of the liftable platform, the lower end of the model can be taken down after power failure, placed in a bent mode, and then continuously printed in a power-on mode, so that the model printing work is completed. And in this way, a flexible model of theoretically any length can be printed.

Claims (7)

1. A 3d print platform, comprising: the spray head comprises a separable platform, a motor, two layers of supporting frames and a bottom supporting plate, wherein the separable platform comprises a fixed platform and a liftable platform, the two layers of supporting frames comprise an outer layer supporting frame and an inner layer supporting frame, two ends of the outer layer supporting frame and two ends of the inner layer supporting frame are respectively fixed on the fixed platform and the bottom supporting plate, the motor controls the liftable platform to move up and down along the inner layer supporting frame, and the spray head is arranged above the fixed platform;
the liftable platform and the fixed platform are located on the same horizontal plane when printing is started, the bottom supporting plate is provided with a bottom cavity, and after the length of the model exceeds the highest height, the flexible flow channel can be bent and placed through the bottom cavity.
2. The 3d printing platform according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed platform is a circular platform, the liftable platform is a small circular platform, and the diameter of the liftable platform is the same as the diameter of the inner ring of the fixed platform.
3. The 3d printing platform of claim 1, wherein: the outer layer supporting frames are multiple, and the two ends of each outer layer supporting frame are respectively fixed on the outer sides of the bottom supporting plate and the fixed platform and used for supporting the fixed platform; the inner layer supporting frames are provided with a plurality of inner ring sides, two ends of each inner layer supporting frame are respectively provided with a bottom supporting plate and a fixed platform, and the inner ring sides are used for supporting the lifting platform and are used as lifting rails of the lifting platform; the outer layer supporting frame and the inner layer supporting frame are arranged in a staggered mode.
4. The 3d printing platform of claim 1, wherein: the motor is arranged on the back of the fixed platform and used for controlling the lifting of the lifting platform.
5. A method of print optimization for a 3d printing platform according to any of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, firstly, transmitting the model to be printed to a printer through slicing software, starting a calibration process of the printer, calibrating the liftable platform and the fixed platform to the same horizontal plane, and calibrating the spray head to the initial height;
s2, when the liftable platform and the fixed platform reach the same horizontal plane, according to the first layer of printing area processed by the section software, firstly, printing the side support of the model to be printed;
s3, in the printing process, the spray head does not move on the z axis and only moves on the xy plane of the calibration horizontal plane, and the z axis change of the model to be printed is controlled by the liftable platform and is realized by the motor; the lifting movement speed of the whole lifting platform is determined by the thickness of a printed single layer and is controlled and realized by slicing software of an upper computer;
s4, when the length of the overlong model exceeds the descending limit of the lifting platform, printing a side support on the side surface of the model again for fixing the relative position of the model and the inner side support frame, enabling the model to be relatively fixed with the inner side support frame in position and then controlled by a motor to move up and down, then stopping printing when the power is off, manually disassembling the lifting platform, taking down the inner layer support frame from the initial printing part of the model, enabling the model to pass through the bottom cavity after the length of the model exceeds the highest height, then bending and placing the flexible flow channel, and continuing printing;
and S5, after the printing of the long flexible model is finished, taking down the whole model, removing the supporting part on the side surface, and finishing the model building.
6. The print optimization method of claim 5, wherein the specific method for calibrating the nozzles and the 3d printing platform in step S1 is as follows:
before the printing begins, the spray head and the 3d printing platform need to be calibrated, the motor controls the lifting platform to ascend to the same horizontal plane with the fixed platform, namely, the lifting platform is just located in a circular ring of the fixed platform, the single-layer thickness generated by the spray head according to slice software is used as a preset value, namely, the spray head is higher than the height of the single-layer thickness of the platform, the calibration is completed at the moment, the height of the fixed platform and the height of the spray head do not change any more, and the spray head only does xy-axis movement on the calibration horizontal plane.
7. The print optimization method of claim 5, wherein the side support printing in step S2 is performed by:
the side support takes the circle center of the lifting platform as the origin of coordinates, the intersection point of the lifting platform and the inner layer support frame as the end point, and printing is carried out by taking N straight lines which are separated by 360 degrees/N as paths until the straight lines are connected to the first layer outline of the model to be printed.
CN202011020238.2A 2020-09-25 2020-09-25 3d printing platform and printing optimization method thereof Active CN112373036B (en)

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CN107415225A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-12-01 华中科技大学 A kind of high temperature 3D printer based on polar coordinates motion
WO2019009679A1 (en) * 2017-07-06 2019-01-10 이광민 3d printer for shaping three-dimensional object

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103831975A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-06-04 中国科学技术大学 3D (three-dimensional) printing system structure
CN104441666A (en) * 2014-12-22 2015-03-25 浙江大学宁波理工学院 Polar coordinate type 3D (three-dimensional) printer
WO2016198291A1 (en) * 2015-06-09 2016-12-15 Politecnico Di Milano A device for direct additive manufacturing by means of extrusion of metal powders and ceramic materials on a parallel kinematic table
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