CN112372196A

CN112372196A - Changeable pallet

Info

Publication number: CN112372196A
Application number: CN202010952330.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟大庆; 张云; 冯志鹏; 周涛; 何军蔚
Original assignee: SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-11
Filing date: 2020-09-11
Publication date: 2021-02-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a switchable pallet, which comprises a pallet, a mounting plate, a hook pin positioning device and at least two switching bases, wherein the mounting plate is detachably fixed on the front side and/or the rear side of the pallet respectively, the switching bases are detachably fixed with the left side and the right side of the mounting plate respectively in an adjustable mode, the hook pin positioning device comprises a hook pin base and a hook pin assembly detachably fixed on the hook pin base, the top of the hook pin assembly is in releasable abutting contact with a vehicle body, and the bottom of the hook pin base is detachably fixed with the top of the switching base. The switchable follow fixture disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, is suitable for vehicle models with more platforms, expands the design types of the main positioning holes for vehicle model platformization, reduces the risk of unclamping caused by gas cut-off, and saves a large amount of fields and production cost.

Description

Changeable pallet

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile welding production lines, in particular to a switchable follow fixture.

Background

At present, in an automobile welding production line, the production of a plurality of automobile types in one welding main line is a mainstream. The positioning fixture is arranged on the following skid to form a following fixture, then the body-in-white is fixed with the following fixture, the following fixture is fixed on the rolling machine, the following fixture and the body-in-white are driven by the conveying form of the rolling machine, and the body-in-white is conveyed from one station to the next station. The follower fixture can realize the placement and transportation of workpieces, and can effectively position the position of the body-in-white and accurately convey the workpieces among stations. Is a preferable body-in-white conveying mode. Four positioning holes are formed in the bottom of the white body crossbeam, and four corresponding positioning pins are designed on the following clamp and used for positioning the position and stability of the white body in the conveying process. Four positioning pins of the pallet in the prior art are fixed, and only vehicles with the same 4 positioning hole positions (in the same platform series) can be conveyed.

Along with the aggravation of automobile competition and diversified market demands, automobiles have been transited to the production modes of multiple varieties, medium and small batches and even variable varieties and variable batches through the traditional single-variety and large-batch production mode, the requirement on the flexibility degree of an automobile body welding production line is higher and higher, the automobile body conveying needs to be designed into a flexible type capable of being switched rapidly, and a fixed type follower fixture needs to be switched to a switchable type follower fixture urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The switchable pallet is simple in structure, suitable for vehicle models with more platforms, capable of expanding the design types of main positioning holes for vehicle model platformization, reducing the risk of unclamping caused by air cut-off, and saving a large amount of fields and production cost.

The invention discloses a switchable pallet, which comprises a pallet, a mounting plate, a hook pin positioning device and at least two switching bases with different heights, wherein the mounting plate is detachably fixed on the front side and/or the rear side of the pallet respectively, the switching bases are detachably fixed with the left side and the right side of the mounting plate respectively in an adjustable mode, the hook pin positioning device is detachably fixed on the switching bases and comprises a hook pin assembly and a hook pin base, the top of the hook pin assembly is in releasable abutting joint with a vehicle body, the hook pin assembly is detachably fixed on the hook pin base in a lifting mode, and the bottom of the hook pin base is detachably fixed with the top of the switching base.

The switchable pallet of the present invention may also be:

the hook pin assembly comprises a hook pin base and is characterized in that a cam and a rotating shaft are arranged on the hook pin base, the rotating shaft is rotatably erected in the horizontal direction in an inner cavity of the hook pin base, the inner periphery of the bottom of the hook pin assembly is detachably abutted to the outer periphery of the cam, and the inner periphery of the cam is detachably fixed with the rotating shaft.

Collude and still be provided with second handle and two chucking spare on the round pin base, two chucking spare is detachable respectively be fixed in collude the left and right sides of round pin base periphery and its height with the rotation axis flushes, the stiff end of second handle is in collude the outside of round pin base with the rotation axis is detachable fixed, the free end of second handle respectively with two chucking spare formula offsets.

The hook pin assembly comprises a hook pin body and a hook pin connecting rod, the top of the hook pin body is in releasable abutting contact with the vehicle body, the hook pin body is connected to the top of the hook pin connecting rod in an angle-adjustable mode, and the inner periphery of the bottom of the hook pin connecting rod is in releasable abutting contact with the outer periphery of the cam.

The middle part of the hook pin connecting rod is provided with an elastic component which has compensation effect on the height of the hook pin body.

The middle part of the hook pin body is rotatably connected with at least one crankshaft, and the top of the inner side and the bottom of the outer side of the crankshaft are respectively rotatably connected with the hook pin body and the shell.

The detachable public head that is fixed with in bottom of colluding round pin base, the detachable female head that is fixed with in top of switching the base, the bottom of public head interior week with the top periphery releasable formula joint of female head is fixed.

The female head comprises an upper end cover, a ball ejecting block, a ball body and a female seat, the bottom of the female seat is detachably fixed with the switching base, the upper end cover is detachably connected and fixed with the female seat in an inserting mode, a ball cavity for containing the ball body is clamped at the inner peripheral edge of the upper end cover and the female seat, the ball ejecting block is arranged on the inner side of the ball cavity and is connected with the female seat in a sliding mode, and the top periphery of the ball ejecting block and the bottom inner periphery of the male head are both in releasable abutting contact with the ball body.

The periphery of female seat is provided with a recess that upwards extends along the slant from left to right, the bottom integrated into one piece of kicking pearl piece or be fixed with the bulge loop, the bulge loop with the recess slidable formula is connected.

The periphery of the upper end cover is provided with a second concave surface, the inner periphery of the female seat is provided with a third concave surface, the upper portion and the lower portion of the ball body are respectively and detachably abutted against the second concave surface and the third concave surface, and the distance from the edge of the second concave surface to the edge of the third concave surface is smaller than the diameter of the ball body.

The invention discloses a switchable pallet, which comprises a pallet, a mounting plate, a hook pin positioning device and at least two switching bases with different heights, wherein the mounting plate is detachably fixed on the front side and/or the rear side of the pallet respectively, the switching bases are detachably fixed with the left side and the right side of the mounting plate respectively in an adjustable mode, the hook pin positioning device is detachably fixed on the switching bases and comprises a hook pin assembly and a hook pin base, the top of the hook pin assembly is in releasable abutting joint with a vehicle body, the hook pin assembly is detachably fixed on the hook pin base in a lifting mode, and the bottom of the hook pin base is detachably fixed with the top of the switching base. Thus, the mounting plate is fixed at the front end and/or the rear end of the traveling skid, the position of the switching base at the positioning hole position where the vehicle body needs to be fixed is selected to be detachably fixed with the mounting plate, the switching base with the rest height can be fixed at the vacant position of the mounting plate, then the hooking pin positioning device is placed above the switching base, so that the bottom of the hooking pin base is fixed with the switching base, the relative position of the hooking pin positioning device and the switching base is kept fixed, then the height of the hooking pin assembly is adjusted, so that the top of the hooking pin assembly is abutted against the vehicle body, generally, four positioning holes are respectively arranged on the front left side, the front right side, the rear left side and the rear right side of the vehicle body, therefore, the hooking pin positioning device is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the mounting plate, the mounting plates are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the traveling skid, can be right four locating holes of automobile body are fixed, and then will the automobile body is fixed on the follower skid, carry another station through the roller bed from a station, realized the accurate location of automobile body, it is convenient right the automobile body carries out operations such as welding. The hooking and pinning positioning device is strong in universality and suitable for production lines of various different vehicle types, and when the vehicle type is added on the production line to be led in, the hooking and pinning positioning device is not required to be newly added, so that the equipment investment is saved, the height of the switching base is different, and the hooking and pinning assembly is detachably fixed on the hooking and pinning base in a lifting way, so that the hooking and pinning positioning device can realize seamless adjustment in the height range on the height and is not required to be stored in a large number of places on the basis. The whole process is mechanically fixed by adopting robot operation, the number of cylinders required by the following fixture is reduced, and the risk of unclamping caused by gas cut-off is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the switchable pallet provided by the invention has the advantages that: the automatic positioning device is simple in structure, suitable for vehicle models with more platforms, capable of expanding the design types of the main positioning holes of vehicle model platformization, capable of reducing the risk of unclamping caused by gas cutoff, and capable of saving a large number of fields and production cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a switchable pallet structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a switchable pallet of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a switchable pallet switch base and a hook pin positioning device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the interior of a switchable pallet hooking and positioning device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a switchable pallet of the present invention at FIG. 4A.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a switchable pallet of the present invention at FIG. 4B.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the female and male joint of a switchable pallet of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a switchable pallet female of the present invention taken along line 7A-A.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a switchable pallet female of the present invention taken along line 7B-B.

Description of the figures

1 … follower skid 2 … mounting plate 3 … hooking pin positioning device

4 … switching base 5 … screw hole 6 … pin

7 … casing 8 … hook pin body 9 … female head

10 … male 11 … cam 12 … rotary shaft

13 … Hooking the connecting rod 14 … first handle 15 … second handle

16 … clamp 17 … hook pin base 18 … connecting rod upper rod

19 … connecting rod lower rod 20 … elastic component 21 … crankshaft

24 … groove 25 … convex ring 26 … top bead block

27 … ball 28 … Upper end cap 29 … female seat

30 … first concave surface 31 … second concave surface 32 … third concave surface

33 … inclined plane

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

A switchable pallet of the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1 to 9 of the drawings.

The switchable pallet disclosed by the invention refers to the relevant figures in fig. 1 to 9, and comprises a pallet 1, a mounting plate 2, a hook pin positioning device 3 and at least two switching bases 4 with different heights, wherein the mounting plate 2 is detachably fixed on the front side and/or the rear side of the pallet 1, the switching bases 4 are detachably fixed with the left side and the right side of the mounting plate 2 in an adjustable mode, the hook pin positioning device 3 is detachably fixed on the switching bases 4, the hook pin positioning device 3 comprises a hook pin assembly and a hook pin base 17, the top of the hook pin assembly is detachably abutted against a vehicle body, the hook pin assembly is detachably fixed on the hook pin base 17 in a lifting mode, and the bottom of the hook pin base 17 is detachably fixed with the top of the switching bases 4. Thus, the mounting plate 2 is fixed at the front end and/or the rear end of the pallet skid 1, the position of the switching base 4 at the positioning hole where the vehicle body needs to be fixed is selected to be detachably fixed with the mounting plate 2, the switching bases 4 with the rest heights can be fixed at the vacant positions of the mounting plate 2, then the hook pin positioning device 3 is placed above the switching base 4, the bottom of the hook pin base 17 is fixed with the switching base 4, the relative positions of the hook pin positioning device 3 and the switching base 4 are kept fixed, then the height of the hook pin assembly is adjusted to enable the top of the hook pin assembly to be abutted against the vehicle body, generally, four positioning holes are respectively arranged on the front left side, the front right side, the rear left side and the rear right side of the vehicle body, and therefore the hook pin positioning devices 3 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the mounting plate 2, mounting panel 2 is arranged respectively both sides around the walking skid 1 can be right four locating holes of automobile body are fixed, and then will the automobile body is fixed on the walking skid 1, carry another station through rolling the bed from a station, realized the accurate location of automobile body, it is convenient right the automobile body carries operations such as welding. Collude and sell positioner 3 commonality strong, be suitable for the production line of multiple different motorcycle types, when increasing the motorcycle type and leading in on the production line, also need not newly-increased collude and sell positioner 3, save the equipment investment, switch 4 high differences in base, just collude and sell subassembly lift detachable be fixed in collude and sell on the base 17, consequently collude and sell positioner 3 and can realize the seamless adjustment of height within range in height to do not need a large amount of places to deposit on this basis. The whole process is mechanically fixed by adopting robot operation, the number of cylinders required by the following fixture is reduced, and the risk of unclamping caused by gas cut-off is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the switchable pallet provided by the invention has the advantages that: the automatic positioning device is simple in structure, suitable for vehicle models with more platforms, capable of expanding the design types of the main positioning holes of vehicle model platformization, capable of reducing the risk of unclamping caused by gas cutoff, and capable of saving a large number of fields and production cost.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the switchable pallet of the present invention may further include: the left and right sides of mounting panel 2 is provided with the screw 5 of the same specification that the interval equals respectively in parallel X axle and Y axle direction, the bottom of switching base 4 is provided with the round pin post 6 of same specification respectively in parallel X axle and Y axle direction, round pin post 6 with the detachable grafting of screw 5. Therefore, at the position where the switching base 4 needs to be fixed, the switching base 4 and the mounting plate 2 can be fixed by inserting the pin column 6 into the screw hole 5, and the position switching of the positioning holes on different vehicle bodies of multiple vehicle types can be realized. According to a further preferable technical scheme, four switching bases 4 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the mounting plate 2. Therefore, the four switching bases 4 with different heights basically cover the height of the pallet required by multiple vehicle types in the prior art, and the height of the pallet is finely adjusted by lifting the hooking pin assembly, so that the vehicle can completely cope with vehicle bodies of most vehicle types in the prior art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the switchable pallet of the present invention may further include: the hook pin assembly is characterized in that a cam 11 and a rotating shaft 12 are arranged on the hook pin base 17, the rotating shaft 12 is rotatably erected in the horizontal direction in an inner cavity of the hook pin base 17, the inner periphery of the bottom of the hook pin assembly is detachably abutted to the outer periphery of the cam 11, and the inner periphery of the cam 11 is detachably fixed with the rotating shaft 12. Thus, the radius of the two ends of the cam 11 determines the height of the hooking pin assembly, when the far end of the cam 11 is at the highest point, the hooking pin assembly is at the uppermost limit of the height range value, and when the near end of the cam 11 is at the highest point, the hooking pin assembly is at the lowermost line of the height range value. The highest point of the inner periphery of the bottom of the hooking pin assembly and the highest point of the cam 11 are always tightly attached due to the gravity pressing of the vehicle body. The inner circumference of the cam 11 is detachably fixed with the rotating shaft 12, the cam 11 is arranged on the rotating shaft 12 in a penetrating mode, when the rotating shaft 12 rotates, the cam 11 also rotates around the central shaft of the rotating shaft 12, and then the height of the highest point of the cam 11 changes along with the radius of the cam 11. Further preferred technical scheme does still be provided with second handle 15 and two chucking spare 16 on colluding round pin base 17, two chucking spare 16 is detachable fixed in respectively collude the left and right sides of round pin base 17 periphery and its height with rotation axis 12 flushes, the stiff end of second handle 15 is in collude the outside of round pin base 17 with rotation axis 12 is detachable fixed, the free end of second handle 15 respectively with two chucking spare 16 releasable counterbalance. Thus, the second handle 15 and the rotating shaft 12 are detachably fixed outside the hook pin base 17, so that the rotating shaft 12 can be conveniently adjusted, the distal end and the proximal end of the cam 11 can be adjusted to be respectively located at the highest points, the two clamping members 16 are respectively arranged outside the hook pin base 17, and the height of the two clamping members 16 is kept flush with the rotating shaft 12, so that the two clamping members 16 are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the rotating shaft 12 with the same height, when the second handle 15 abuts against the clamping member 16 at the left side, the distal end of the cam 11 is located at the highest point, so that the height of the hook pin assembly is also located at the highest point, the second handle 15 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to abut against the clamping member 16 at the right side, in the process, the second handle 15 is rotated 180 degrees, and the rotating shaft 12 is fixed with the second handle 15, the rotation shaft 12 is thus also rotated 180 about the central axis, typically with the distal and proximal ends of the cam 11 in line and at an angle of 180, thus being rotated 180 through the second handle 15, whereby the proximal end of the cam 11 is rotated uppermost and the height of the hooking member is lowermost.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the switchable pallet of the present invention may further include: the hook pin component comprises a hook pin body 8 and a hook pin connecting rod 13, the top of the hook pin body 8 is in releasable abutting contact with the vehicle body, the angle of the hook pin body 8 is adjustable and connected to the top of the hook pin connecting rod 13, and the inner periphery of the bottom of the hook pin connecting rod 13 is in releasable abutting contact with the outer periphery of the cam 11. Like this, the collude round pin subassembly divide into upper portion collude round pin body 8 and lower part collude two parts of round pin connecting rod 13, collude round pin body 8 angle adjustable connect in collude round pin connecting rod 13 is last, because collude round pin body 8 with both superimposed length of colluding round pin connecting rod 13 do the length of colluding the round pin subassembly, consequently the angular adjustment scope of colluding round pin body 8 is greater than far away collude round pin subassembly as the angular adjustment scope of a fixed whole time, consequently will collude round pin subassembly and divide into two parts from top to bottom, increased the angle of colluding round pin body 8 makes the vehicle body that pallet can adapt to more motorcycle types. In a further preferred technical scheme, an elastic component 20 which has a compensation effect on the height of the hook pin body 8 is arranged in the middle of the hook pin connecting rod 13. Thus, after the hook pin body 8 and the car body are fixed, the gravity of the car body acts on the hook pin body 8, and the elastic component 20 has reverse elastic force on the hook pin body 8 after the hook pin body 8 is under the action of the gravity of the car body, so that the hook pin body 8 always keeps close contact with the car body at the fixed position, and the stability and the safety of the hook pin body 8 and the car body are ensured when the hook pin body and the car body are fixed. A further preferable technical solution is that the hook pin connecting rod 13 includes a connecting rod upper rod 18 and a connecting rod lower rod 19 detachably fixed to the upper portion and the lower portion of the elastic component 20, the top of the connecting rod upper rod 18 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the hook pin body 8, the bottom of the connecting rod upper rod 18 and the top of the connecting rod lower rod 19 are detachably fixed to the elastic component 20, the inner periphery of the bottom of the connecting rod lower rod 19 is detachably abutted to the outer periphery of the cam 11, and the connecting rod upper rod 18 is elastically connected to the connecting rod lower rod 19 through the elastic component 20. In this way, in the process that the connecting rod lower rod 19 rises or falls along with the rotation of the cam 11, the bottom of the hook pin body 8 can rotate around the connecting rod upper rod 18, the elastic component 20 is clamped between the connecting rod upper rod 18 and the connecting rod lower rod 19, and then the elastic component 20 has a compensation effect on the heights of the connecting rod upper rod 18 and the hook pin body 8, when the hook pin body 8 is fixed with the vehicle body, an included angle between the hook pin body 8 and the connecting rod upper rod 18 is correspondingly changed, the compensation effect of the elastic component 20 on the hook pin body 8 and the connecting rod upper rod 18 is also changed, the directions of the connecting rod upper rod 18 and the connecting rod lower rod 19 are always kept in the vertical direction, and the height of the hook pin body 8 can be compensated at the same time.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the switchable pallet of the present invention may further include: the middle part of the hook pin body 8 is rotatably connected with at least one crankshaft 21, and the top of the inner side and the bottom of the outer side of the crankshaft 21 are respectively rotatably connected with the hook pin body 8 and the shell 7. Thus, the positions and directions of different positioning holes of various vehicle types are also different, and it may be necessary to adjust the orientation of the hook pin body 8, adjust the rotating shaft 12 to make the hook pin connecting rod 13 ascend or descend along with the rotation of the cam 11, and the top and bottom of the inner side of the crankshaft 21 are rotatably connected to the hook pin body 8 and the housing 7, respectively, so that the inclination angle of the hook pin body 8 also ascends or descends along with the hook pin connecting rod 13 during the ascending or descending process of the hook pin connecting rod 13.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the switchable pallet of the present invention may further include: collude the detachable public head 10 that is fixed with in bottom of round pin base 17, the detachable female head 9 that is fixed with in top of switching base 4, the bottom of public head 10 interior week with the top periphery releasable formula joint of female head 9 is fixed. Like this, public first 10 is detachable to be fixed in the bottom of colluding round pin base 17, female first 9 is detachable to be fixed in switch the top of base 4, public first 10 with female first 9 formula joint can be relieved is fixed, when needs change when switching base 4, only need with general collude round pin positioner 3 and lift certain height, make public first 10 with female first 9 joint is relieved, alright with collude round pin positioner 3 with switch base 4 and relieve fixedly, then will collude round pin positioner 3 place in required switch base 4 top, make public first 10 with female first 9 joint is fixed, and then make collude round pin positioner 3 with needs switch base 4 is fixed, accomplishes once collude round pin positioner 3's high switching. A further preferred technical solution is that the female head 9 includes an upper end cover 28, a ball ejecting block 26, a ball body 27 and a female seat 29, the bottom of the female seat 29 is detachably fixed to the switching base 4, the upper end cover 28 is detachably fixed to the female seat 29 in an inserting manner, a ball cavity for accommodating the ball body 27 is clamped at inner peripheral edges of the upper end cover 28 and the female seat 29, the ball ejecting block 26 is disposed inside the ball cavity and slidably connected to the female seat 29, and both the top outer periphery of the ball ejecting block 26 and the bottom inner periphery of the male head 10 are detachably abutted to the ball body 27. Thus, the hook pin positioning device 3 is placed above the female seat 29, at this time, the male head 10 does not abut against the ball body 27, so that the male head 10 and the female head 9 only abut against each other and are not clamped and fixed, in order to clamp and fix the male head 10 and the female head 9, the ball ejecting block 26 can be adjusted to ascend, when the ball ejecting block 26 ascends, the ball ejecting block 26 gradually abuts against the ball body 27, the ball ejecting block 26 pushes the ball body 27 to slide radially outwards from the inner side in the ball cavity, when the ball ejecting block 26 ascends to the maximum height, the inner side and the outer side of the ball body 27 abut against the ball ejecting block 26 and the male head 10 respectively, and the ball body 27 is always clamped in the ball cavity, at this time, the male head 10 is clamped and fixed with the female head 9, otherwise, when the hook pin positioning device 3 is dismounted from the female seat 29, the top ball block 26 is controlled to descend, the top ball block 26 and the ball body 27 are released to abut against each other, a part of space is reserved at the original position of the top ball block 26, the ball body 27 slides from outside to inside along the radial direction, the ball body 27 and the male head 10 are released to abut against each other, when the top ball block 26 descends to the lowest height, the ball body 27 and the male head 10 are completely released to abut against each other, the male head 10 and the female head 9 are released from clamping and fixing, and the hook pin positioning device 3 can be taken down from the female seat 29. A further preferable technical solution is that a first concave surface 30 is arranged at the bottom inner circumferential edge of the male head 10, and the first concave surface 30 is detachably abutted against the outer side of the ball body 27. Like this, because the surface of ball body 27 is circular-arc, first concave surface 30 has increased public head 10 with the area of contact of ball body 27 makes public head 10 with when ball body 27 offseted, the bottom of first concave surface 30 by ball body 27 firmly blocks, prevents public head 10 because with female head 9 joint insecure in the operation in-process collude round pin positioner 3 with switch base 4 breaks away from, and then take the danger that the automobile body dropped. In a further preferred embodiment, a slope 33 is disposed at the top of the top bead block 26, and the slope 33 is inclined upward from the outer circumference of the top bead block 26 to the inner circumference of the top bead block 26. Thus, the ball ejecting block 26 can be smoothly inserted into the gap between the ball 27 and the female seat 29 during the ascending process, and the ball 27 is ejected to the inner periphery of the top of the male head 10.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the switchable pallet of the present invention may further include: the periphery of female seat 29 is provided with a recess 24 that upwards extends along the slant from left to right, the bottom integrated into one piece of top pearl piece 26 or be fixed with bulge loop 25, bulge loop 25 with recess 24 slidable formula is connected. Thus, the groove 24 extends along the switching base 4 in a transverse and oblique direction to form a transverse thread shape, the convex ring 25 is integrally formed or fixed on the outer side of the top bead block 26, the convex ring 25 is slidably connected with the groove 24, and when the convex ring 25 slides in the groove 24, the height of the convex ring 25 changes along with the height of the groove 24, so that the top bead block 26 is driven to ascend or descend. A further preferred technical solution is that a first handle 14 is disposed on an outer periphery of the top bead block 26, a fixed end of the first handle 14 is detachably fixed to the top bead block 26, a free end of the first handle 14 passes through the switching base 4 from the outer periphery of the top bead block 26 and extends to an outer side of the switching base 4, and a middle portion of the first handle 14 is slidably connected to the switching base 4. Therefore, when the height of the top ball block 26 needs to be adjusted so that the inner side and the outer side of the ball body 27 are respectively separated from and abutted against the top ball block 26 and the male head 10, only the first handle 14 needs to be controlled to enable the first handle 14 and the switching base 4 to slide relatively, the convex ring 25 and the groove 24 to slide relatively, the groove 24 is arranged in an inclined thread shape on the switching base 4, the top ball block 26 is further enabled to ascend or descend, the top ball block 26 abuts against the ball body 27 after ascending, the top ball block 26 disengages from and abuts against the ball body 27 after descending, and the first handle 14 extends to the outer side of the switching base 4 from the top ball block 26, so that the height of the top ball block 26 can be adjusted on the outer side of the switching base 4 conveniently.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the switchable pallet of the present invention may further include: the periphery of the upper end cover 28 is provided with a second concave surface 31, the inner periphery of the female seat 29 is provided with a third concave surface 32, the upper part and the lower part of the ball body 27 are respectively and detachably abutted against the second concave surface 31 and the third concave surface 32, and the distance from the edge of the second concave surface 31 to the edge of the third concave surface 32 is smaller than the diameter of the ball body 27. Thus, the distance between the edges of the second concave surface 31 and the third concave surface 32 is smaller than the diameter of the ball body 27, when the ball ejecting block 26 abuts against the inner side of the ball body 27, the ball ejecting block 26 pushes the ball body 27 to the edge where the second concave surface 31 and the third concave surface 32 are sandwiched, the male head 10 abuts against the other side of the ball body 27, and the second concave surface 31 and the third concave surface 32 clamp the ball body 27 inside the ball cavity, so that the ball body 27 cannot slide out of the ball cavity at any time.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating a few embodiments of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, in which equivalent changes, modifications, or scaling up or down, etc. made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switchable pallet, comprising: including retinue skid, mounting panel, collude round pin positioner and two at least highly different switching bases, the mounting panel is detachable respectively to be fixed in the front side and/or the rear side of retinue skid, switch the base respectively with the left side and the right side adjustable type of position of mounting panel are fixed, collude round pin positioner detachable to be fixed in switch on the base, collude round pin positioner including colluding round pin subassembly and colluding round pin base, collude the top of round pin subassembly and automobile body releasable formula counterbalance, collude round pin subassembly lift detachable and be fixed in collude on the round pin base, collude the bottom of round pin base with the top of switching the base is detachable fixed.

2. A switchable pallet according to claim 1, characterised in that: the hook pin assembly comprises a hook pin base and is characterized in that a cam and a rotating shaft are arranged on the hook pin base, the rotating shaft is rotatably erected in the horizontal direction in an inner cavity of the hook pin base, the inner periphery of the bottom of the hook pin assembly is detachably abutted to the outer periphery of the cam, and the inner periphery of the cam is detachably fixed with the rotating shaft.

3. A switchable pallet according to claim 2, characterised in that: collude and still be provided with second handle and two chucking spare on the round pin base, two chucking spare is detachable respectively be fixed in collude the left and right sides of round pin base periphery and its height with the rotation axis flushes, the stiff end of second handle is in collude the outside of round pin base with the rotation axis is detachable fixed, the free end of second handle respectively with two chucking spare formula offsets.

4. A switchable pallet according to claim 2, characterised in that: the hook pin assembly comprises a hook pin body and a hook pin connecting rod, the top of the hook pin body is in releasable abutting contact with the vehicle body, the hook pin body is connected to the top of the hook pin connecting rod in an angle-adjustable mode, and the inner periphery of the bottom of the hook pin connecting rod is in releasable abutting contact with the outer periphery of the cam.

5. A switchable pallet according to claim 4, characterised in that: the middle part of the hook pin connecting rod is provided with an elastic component which has compensation effect on the height of the hook pin body.

6. A switchable pallet according to claim 4, characterised in that: the middle part of the hook pin body is rotatably connected with at least one crankshaft, and the top of the inner side and the bottom of the outer side of the crankshaft are respectively rotatably connected with the hook pin body and the shell.

7. A switchable pallet according to any of claims 1-6, characterised in that: the detachable public head that is fixed with in bottom of colluding round pin base, the detachable female head that is fixed with in top of switching the base, the bottom of public head interior week with the top periphery releasable formula joint of female head is fixed.

8. A switchable pallet according to claim 7, characterised in that: the female head comprises an upper end cover, a ball ejecting block, a ball body and a female seat, the bottom of the female seat is detachably fixed with the switching base, the upper end cover is detachably connected and fixed with the female seat in an inserting mode, a ball cavity for containing the ball body is clamped at the inner peripheral edge of the upper end cover and the female seat, the ball ejecting block is arranged on the inner side of the ball cavity and is connected with the female seat in a sliding mode, and the top periphery of the ball ejecting block and the bottom inner periphery of the male head are both in releasable abutting contact with the ball body.

9. A switchable pallet according to claim 8, characterised in that: the periphery of female seat is provided with a recess that upwards extends along the slant from left to right, the bottom integrated into one piece of kicking pearl piece or be fixed with the bulge loop, the bulge loop with the recess slidable formula is connected.

10. A switchable pallet according to claim 8, characterised in that: the periphery of the upper end cover is provided with a second concave surface, the inner periphery of the female seat is provided with a third concave surface, the upper portion and the lower portion of the ball body are respectively and detachably abutted against the second concave surface and the third concave surface, and the distance from the edge of the second concave surface to the edge of the third concave surface is smaller than the diameter of the ball body.