CN1123693C - Tangential fluidic force driving rotating fluid-mechanical energy conversion device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tangential jet force driving and rotating type fluid energy-mechanical energy converting device, which is a device for converting the pressure energy of fluid into mechanical energy or electric energy. The present invention is characterized in that the device is composed of an output shaft, a rotor integral with the output shaft, two nozzles, etc., wherein the two nozzles are arranged on the rotor and jet along a tangential direction. Pressure fluid is reversely spouted at high speed along an axial passage, a radial passage and finally tangential nozzles. A moment of couple for propelling the rotor and the output shaft to rotate together is formed by the jet counterforce of high speed jet, the rotor and the output shaft are driven to rotate, and the energy converting process of converting fluid energy into the mechanical energy is finished.

Description

Tangential fluidic force driving rotating fluid-mechanical energy conversion device

The present invention converts fluid pressure energy the device of mechanical energy to for a kind of, and particularly a kind of peripheric jet flow reaction force that utilizes promotes rotor and the energy conversion device that rotates of the output shaft of one with it.

In existing fluid energy-mechanical energy conversion device, mainly contain static pressure type and dynamic pressure type two big classes.And in the static pressure type energy conversion device, more representative structural type is gear type, blade type and plunger type.Any form no matter, or because the stressed balance that is difficult to everywhere, or because relative movement face and relative movement part number are more, be difficult to reach requirement such as efficient, inexpensive, reliable, that specific power is big, during especially for the application of high pressure, high temperature, low viscosity fluid such as water, steam, interior combustion gas etc., situation is all the more so.

At dynamic pressure type fluid energy---mechanical energy conversion device is in the so-called turbomachinery, and the most representative is jet impulse turbine blade formula and reaction turbine blade formula.The common weakness of these two kinds of turbomachineries is complex structure, the manufacture cost height, and volume is big, and leakage loss is big etc., and problem is more outstanding during high pressure.

By retrieval about the fluid energy---the patent and the document of mechanical energy conversion device aspect have following 8 pieces of close patent documentations:

1. jetting type self-rotated water-wheel steam turbine/CN1040852A, the Chinese invention patent database.

2. peripheric jet flow swivel nozzle/CN2288780Y, Chinese model utility database.

3. efficient flowing water energy conversion equipment/notification number 852007, Chinese model utility database.

4. the automatic reversable generator/CN2140971Y of fluid pressure, the Chinese invention patent database.

5. flow engine/CN3218422Y, Chinese model utility database.

6. with the device/CN1221071A of the mode guiding water-energy generating electricity of states of matter conversion, the Chinese invention patent database.

7. power switching device/publication number 86100619, the Chinese invention patent database.

8. flowing water energy converting device/publication number 87102885, the Chinese invention patent database.

Though these patents or transducing head and this patent that document proposed have some similar, all have three common problems on transduction principle and apparatus structure, the one, conversion efficiency is low; The 2nd, complex structure; The 3rd, the axial bearing structure and the performance of the rotor that the axis vertical is arranged are all undesirable.

At this present situation, purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of simple in structure, and it is wide to adapt to pressure range, the efficient height, and specific power is big, and cost is low, reliability height, fluid energy---the mechanical energy conversion device of the few and stressed complete equilibrium of relative movement face.

Invention be intended that such realization, rotor middle part at a garden tubular, have the axial passage that high-pressure liquid is imported, two of this channel connections (can certainly be a plurality of, but two are best) extend radially but radial passage that the end is blocked, with each radial passage axis normal or constitute on the direction of certain angle, have the jet aperture that one or more diameters are far smaller than the radial passage, the direction of the jet aperture on two radial passages is just in time opposite.Like this, when high-pressure liquid after passage enters vertically, flow into two radial passages respectively, again from respect to rotor itself, spraying in the other direction for two tangential jet apertures, jet reaction force by these two jet apertures generations, constitute one and promote rotor edge and the torque of couple that the jet direction opposite direction rotates, drive rotor and output shaft and rotate together.Realization can convert the pressure of fluid to mechanical energy this conversion process of energy.

Under the certain situation of flow, the position that changes the jet aperture just can obtain different rotating speeds and moment, and size by the control jet aperture and number be control system pressure easily just.In addition, because of rotor and output shaft are one and add spiral chute dynamic pressure cod and radial bearing supporting by hydrostatic bearing, but adopt axial clearance auto-compensating structure simultaneously, thereby be expected to obtain very high mechanical efficiency and volumetric efficiency.

Upper-end surface at axial bearing disc is provided with the flow face, has one group of spiral chute on the flow face, and this spiral chute relatively rotates at rotor and bearing disc, and is full of in pumped liquid under the condition in two pivoting friction face gaps, will produce certain kinetic pressure.Therefore the flow face comes down to a kind of active and static pressure plane bearing, and three effects are arranged:

1. the rubbing surface that two spin frictions are paid separates all the time, can directly not contact.

Between rubbing surface the using dynamic and static pressures autobalance of liquid layer rotor and the axial pressure-bearing axial pressure of cross-examining.

Between two rubbing surfaces the using dynamic and static pressures of liquid layer form pressure drag every, play close with respect to the space, inside and outside of flow face

The envelope effect.

With traditional static pressure type or turbine blade dynamic pressure type fluid pressure energy---mechanical energy conversion device is compared, have only a movement parts and a flow plane according to the device that the present invention constituted, so structure is very simple, volume is little, and cost is low, the reliability height, the efficient height, the life-span is long.Especially for the application of low viscosity fluid such as seawater, fresh water, steam, interior combustion gas equal pressure fluid, its technique effect and economic effect are that existing any fluid motor or turbomachinery are all incomparable.

The present invention is used for hydroelectric embodiment, is provided by Fig. 1-Fig. 4.

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the peripheric jet flow power drive-type hydroelectric generator system that constituted according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of A-A section among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of B-B section among Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the hydroelectric generator rotor profiles figure with clockwise and anticlockwise structure.

Symbol description among Fig. 1-Fig. 4:

1: axial bearing disc; 2: ball support; 3: rotor; 4: shaft coupling; 5: generator rotor shaft; 6,

7: radial fluid passages; 8,9: jet nozzle; 10: suction booster; 11: cod; 12: axial clearance

Compensated loop; 13: radial bearing; 14: generator amature; 15: pressure regulator valve; 16: pilot jet; 17,18:

The counterrotating radial fluid passages; 19,20: the counterrotating nozzle.

Describe the concrete structure and the working principle of the peripheric jet flow power drive-type hydroelectric generator system that proposes according to the present invention in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 4.

As shown in Figure 1, rotor 3 fuses with output shaft 3a, is connected with the rotor shaft 5 of generator 14 by shaft coupling 4.Article two, radial fluid passages 6,7 both sides of rotor 3 that are placed in are connected with radial fluid passages 6,7 respectively along the jet nozzle 8 of rotor tangent direction jet and 9 for two, as shown in Figure 2.

When from dam or other local press water after inlet I enters ball support 2 and is provided with the axial bearing disc 1 of spiral grooved bearing, enter epitrochanterian two radial fluid passages 6,7 respectively through flow face C, after two nozzles 8,9 are spouting along opposite tangent direction.

The reaction force F8 and the F9 that are caused by jet constitute a torque of couple that promotes rotor and output shaft etc. along the direction as shown rotation, output shaft 3a with rotor 3 synchronous rotations, drive generator rotor shaft 5 by shaft coupling 4 and ceaselessly rotate, finish the transfer process that the pressure of water can be become electric energy.

For dirt in the anti-sealing enters flow face C and the static pressure that plane bearing is provided, adopt supercharging type or other forms of water pump 10 with the circular groove d on high pressure water (its pressure P 2 is higher than the pressure P 1 of ingress I) the injection flow face, high pressure water sprays into flow face center along the annulus, prevent that effectively any dirt from entering flow face C.

The high pressure water that is provided by suction booster 10 enters pressure chamber j by axial clearance compensation ring 12 simultaneously, guarantees that cod 11 is pressed on rotor 3 on the axial bearing disc 1 all the time.Between cod 11 and the rotor 3, can adopt and the similar spiral grooved bearing supporting of shape shown in Figure 3.

Be illustrated in figure 3 as the spiral grooved bearing work that makes on the flow face C and well reach good seal between assurance ball support 2 and the axial bearing disc 1, ring shaped slot f, the g, the h that offer on flow face C and rotor 3 and gap compensated loop 12 all pass to external pressure Pa.

In addition, adopt static pressure and dynamic-pressure bearing to unite supporting between flow face C and the rotor.Under normal circumstances, rotor, the vector of making a concerted effort of the weight of parts such as rotor axis of electric and pressure chamber j and just in time with flow face C on the quiet dynamic pressure institute's balance of making a concerted effort, and change or other factors when causing gap smaller and then may produce the rubbing surface contact when axial load, be opened on the flow face C, it is that axial carrying capacity increases sharply that the hydrodynamic pressure of spiral chute hydraulic bearing as shown in Figure 3 just can raise rapidly, force on two plane separation to open but remain in the very little interstice coverage, guarantee rotor effectively and always be between the bearing disc axially that Liquid Lubrication Condition is leaked simultaneously and very little.

Because the whole balances of radial load, so that the design of all radial bearings 13 all will become will be very easy.

Obviously, another advantage of this novel electricity generator is, just can obtain different moment, rotating speed etc. by the position of adjustment nozzle and the geometric parameter of jet hole.As long as design is proper, whole system just can be operated in almost without any the state that weares and teares and cavitate.Even need to change because nozzle weares and teares after long-time running to some extent, operate also very simple.

Too high for preventing system pressure, can consider on radial fluid passages, to be provided with pressure regulator valve 15 and pilot jet 16, as shown in Figure 2.

Output shaft opposite spin if desired only need be provided with another axial passage S and two other radial fluid passages 17,18 and another group nozzle 19,20, as shown in Figure 4 on rotor.But, this moment, the injection direction of nozzle 19,20 was opposite with direction among Fig. 2, referring to reverse torque of couple F19 and the F20 shown in Fig. 4.

Point out in passing, basic principle of the present invention also can be used for many other products such as steam-driven generator, internal-combustion engine, the high-speed motor that seawater or fresh water drive, high speed machine processing dynamics head, no torsion pass rod-type oil and mining engineering drill bit, high-speed pneumatic tool, the medical treatment of high-speed small-size Pneumatic dental is bored or the like.

Claims (3)

1. a tangential fluidic force driving rotating fluid energy---mechanical energy conversion device, it is characterized in that: by a rotor (3), with the output shaft (3a) that rotor (3) together rotates, two or more nozzle (8) and (9) that tangentially produce high-speed jet that together rotate with rotor (3) constitute.

2. tangential fluidic force driving rotating fluid energy according to claim 1---mechanical energy conversion device, it is characterized in that: with rotor (3) and output shaft (3a), together rotation tangentially one or more or the reaction force that high-speed jet constituted that produces with the nozzle of the certain angle of tangential formation, form a torque of couple, this torque of couple promotes rotor and output shaft is done the rotation opposite with jet direction.

3. tangential fluidic force driving rotating fluid energy according to claim 1---mechanical energy conversion device, it is characterized in that: between rotor (3) and the axial bearing disc (1), be provided with a flow face of motion mutually, this flow face is again thrust load supporting surface and sealing surface simultaneously.

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