Electric automobile battery pack capable of automatically adjusting temperature difference
Technical Field
The invention relates to a new energy automobile power part, in particular to an electric automobile battery pack capable of automatically adjusting temperature difference.
Background
The battery pack used in the market provides power for the new energy automobile mainly in a mode that the battery cells are tightly stacked in the battery pack, so that heat of the battery pack is accumulated, a high-efficiency heat dissipation assembly is needed, and a liquid cooling mode is mainly used at present; the battery pack has the disadvantages that the battery core is integrated in the battery pack, the temperature difference between batteries is difficult to ensure only by bottom liquid cooling, and the temperature of the battery core is difficult to control within the optimal working temperature range. For example, a liquid cooling system of a power battery pack disclosed in chinese patent document, whose publication number CN109494427A, includes a frame body and a heat dissipation assembly, where the heat dissipation assembly is embedded in the frame body, the heat dissipation assembly includes a plurality of liquid cooling plates and a plurality of liquid cooling pipes disposed on the liquid cooling plates, the liquid cooling pipes are disposed by combining a serpentine type and a direct current type, and the liquid cooling pipes are disposed by combining a serial connection and a parallel connection; however, the liquid cooling tubes have the disadvantages that although the heat exchange performance of the liquid cooling tubes is improved, the liquid cooling tubes are only paved on the liquid cooling plates at the bottom, the temperature difference between the middle part and the upper part of the battery pack is large, and the temperature of the battery pack is difficult to be stabilized within the optimal working temperature without a corresponding temperature control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric vehicle battery pack which can automatically adjust the temperature difference and keep the battery pack at a proper temperature, and aims to solve the problems that the temperature difference between batteries is difficult to ensure due to bottom liquid cooling and the temperature of a battery core is difficult to control within an optimal working temperature range in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric automobile battery pack capable of automatically adjusting temperature difference comprises a module outside a battery pack body and a battery core stacked inside the module, and is characterized in that the bottom of the module is attached to a liquid cooling plate, a cooling medium flow channel is arranged inside the liquid cooling plate, the top of the module is attached to a pulsating heat pipe, the pulsating heat pipe is in a snake shape, the top of the module is matched with the pulsating heat pipe and provided with a groove, the pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the groove, and bubbles and a liquid plug are arranged at intervals on the pulsating heat pipe; the invention still mainly carries out heat dissipation by contacting with the liquid cooling plate and taking away heat through cooling liquid, but simultaneously, a pulsating heat pipe is arranged at the top of the module, the heat pipe is arranged in a vacuum space, when the temperature of one side rises and is obviously higher than that of the other side, the side with high temperature is heated and evaporated to generate bubbles, the bubbles rapidly expand and boost pressure to push the liquid plug to move towards the low-temperature section, the bubbles condense and contract and burst at the low-temperature section, the pressure is reduced, and the liquid plug flows back; the whole body forms an oscillation state that air plugs and liquid plugs are distributed at random intervals finally in the pipe when steam generated by heating and liquid generated by condensation are in the pipe, the liquid plugs are conveyed to the low-temperature section from the high-temperature section and then flow back to the high-temperature section until no temperature difference exists between the high-temperature section and the low-temperature section, and therefore the temperature difference between the two sides is eliminated; in the whole process, external mechanical power and electric power are not required to be consumed, the battery pack is completely self-oscillated under the driving of temperature difference, the temperature difference inside the battery pack is finally eliminated, the structure is simple, the size is small, and the cost is relatively low.
Preferably, the top and the bottom of the module are coated with heat-conducting glue, and the liquid cooling plate and the pulsating heat pipe are both attached to the heat-conducting glue; the heat-conducting glue is an important material commonly used for heat conduction and heat dissipation of the battery pack, and is generally coated on a module on one side connected with the liquid cooling plate to enhance the heat exchange efficiency with the cooling liquid; the heat-conducting glue is also arranged on one side connected with the pulsating heat pipe, and can efficiently exchange heat with the pulsating heat pipe, so that the heat exchange efficiency is accelerated, and the temperature difference between the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end is efficiently eliminated.
Preferably, the side wall plates of the module are all mica sheets; the mica sheet is a good heat-resistant material, and has the characteristics of no pollution, good insulation and voltage resistance, the module needs to work in the environment of high temperature and strong electricity, the insulation, voltage resistance and heat resistance of the mica sheet can be well adapted to the working environment of the battery core, and the cost of the mica sheet is low, so that the mica sheets with different scales can be punched and cut according to requirements.
Preferably, the two ends of the pulsating heat pipe are connected together to form the pulsating heat pipe with a closed loop structure; a relatively long tube is formed at one end, and a sufficient length of the tube is available for heat exchange before backflow, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the time for adjusting the temperature difference is shortened.
Preferably, a one-way valve is arranged on the connecting section of the pulsating heat pipe; there will be a plurality of high temperature sections in the battery package, also can have certain difference in temperature, may influence the liquid flow direction in the heat pipe, sets up the check valve at long linkage segment, guarantees that liquid stopper and bubble move to a direction all the time, does not influence the heat exchange efficiency of whole pulsation formula heat pipe because of the backward flow.
Preferably, the pipelines at two ends of the pulsating heat pipe are both connected with an external liquid pipeline; can connect pipeline and outside pipe, through outside pipeline, carry out outside cooling to the impulse heat pipe for the impulse heat pipe also can play certain cooling function when playing the balanced difference in temperature, accelerates the cooling of battery package.
Preferably, the pulsating heat pipe is made of a metal heat conduction material, and needs to exchange heat with the battery pack in the process of balancing temperature difference, so that good heat conductivity is needed.
Preferably, two pulsating heat pipes are arranged, and one end of each pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the middle of the top of the battery pack; the battery pack mainly generates heat at the middle part of electric core comparison concentration, and the middle part is bigger with the both sides difference in temperature, sets up two heat pipes, forms the high temperature section at the middle part, forms the low temperature section in both sides, forms the shock of a heat transfer between high temperature section and low temperature section, and both sides go on simultaneously, improve the efficiency of heat transfer.
Preferably, the side surface, the top surface and the bottom surface of the module are respectively provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensors are connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with an alarm; transmit inside temperature information to the controller through temperature sensor, when finding the high temperature, give the siren with signal transmission, the siren sends out the alarm and reminds the user to pay attention to the heat dissipation and stop using.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the temperature difference inside the battery pack module is improved; (2) the liquid cooling is combined with the pulsating heat pipe, so that the heat dissipation of the battery does not adopt a single path any more, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery is improved; (3) and controlling the temperature of the cell within a proper working temperature range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle battery pack capable of automatically adjusting temperature difference according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a pulsating heat pipe according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a pulsating heat pipe according to example 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a pulsating heat pipe according to example 3.
1, a battery pack body; 2, a module; 3, an electric core; 4, liquid cooling plate; 5, cooling medium flow channels; 6, pulsating heat pipes; 7, air bubbles; 8, liquid plugging; 12, heat conducting glue; 13, mica sheets; 14, a connecting section; 15, a one-way valve.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention by way of examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
In embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1, an electric vehicle battery pack capable of automatically adjusting temperature difference comprises a module 2 outside a battery pack body 1, wherein side wall plates of the module are mica sheets 13, a battery core 3 stacked inside the module is provided, the top and the bottom of the module are coated with heat conducting glue 12, the heat conducting glue at the bottom of the module is attached to a liquid cooling plate 4, a cooling medium channel 5 is arranged inside the liquid cooling plate, the heat conducting glue at the top of the module is attached to a pulsating heat pipe 6, the pulsating heat pipe is made of metal heat conducting materials and is in a serpentine shape, a groove is arranged at the top of the module and adapted to the pulsating heat pipe, the pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the groove, bubbles 7 and a liquid plug 8 are arranged at intervals of the pulsating heat pipe, the pulsating heat pipe is connected together at two ends to form the pulsating heat pipe with a closed loop structure, as shown in fig. 2, the connecting section 14 of the pulsating heat pipe is provided with a one-way valve 15, the side surface, the top surface and the bottom surface of the module are provided with temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are connected with a controller, and the controller is provided with an alarm in a connecting way.
When the heat exchanger is used, a battery pack of an electric automobile generates heat, the heat is taken out of the battery pack through a cooling medium in a liquid cooling plate at the bottom, when the temperature of a certain position is too high, liquid in a pipe generates bubbles and pushes a liquid plug to move to a low-temperature section, the bubbles shrink and finally break at the low-temperature section, the pressure of the position is reduced at the moment, the liquid flows back, the high-temperature section continuously generates the bubbles, the liquid plug is vibrated to flow between the high-temperature section and the low-temperature section, the process of transferring the heat of the high-temperature position to the low-temperature position is completed, and the check valve of the connecting section ensures that when the temperatures of multiple positions are higher, the liquid in a pipeline cannot reversely flow, so that the continuity of a heat; when the temperature of a certain position is higher than the warning temperature, the alarm sounds to remind a user of paying attention to heat dissipation and stopping for rest.
Example 2
In embodiment 2 shown in fig. 1, an electric vehicle battery pack capable of automatically adjusting temperature difference comprises a module outside a battery pack body, wherein the module side wall plates are mica sheets, battery cells stacked inside the module are provided, the top and the bottom of the module are coated with heat-conducting glue, the heat-conducting glue at the bottom of the module is attached to a liquid cooling plate, a cooling medium flow channel is arranged inside the liquid cooling plate, the heat-conducting glue at the top of the module is attached to a pulsating heat pipe, the pulsating heat pipe is made of a metal material and is snake-shaped, a groove is formed in the top of the module and adapted to the pulsating heat pipe, the pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the groove, bubbles and liquid plugs are arranged at intervals of the pulsating heat pipe, as shown in fig. 3, pipelines at two ends of the pulsating heat pipe are connected with external liquid pipelines, and the side surface of the module is provided with a groove, The top surface and the bottom surface are both provided with temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with an alarm.
When the electric automobile cooling device is used, a battery pack of an electric automobile heats, heat is taken out of the battery pack through a cooling medium in a liquid cooling plate at the bottom, when the temperature of a certain position is too high, liquid in a pipe generates bubbles and pushes a liquid plug to move to a low-temperature section, the bubbles shrink and finally break at the low-temperature section, the pressure of the position is reduced at the moment, the liquid flows back, the high-temperature section continuously generates the bubbles, the liquid plug vibrates and flows between the high-temperature section and the low-temperature section, the process of transferring the heat of the high-temperature position to the low-temperature position is completed, a pipeline on one side of the high-temperature section is connected with an external pipeline, the temperature difference is eliminated, and meanwhile, the liquid in the pipe is cooled; when the temperature of a certain position is higher than the warning temperature, the alarm sounds to remind a user of paying attention to heat dissipation and stopping for rest.
Example 3
In embodiment 3 shown in fig. 1, an electric vehicle battery pack capable of automatically adjusting temperature difference comprises a module outside a battery pack body, wherein side wall plates of the module are mica sheets, battery cells stacked inside the module are coated with heat conducting glue at the top and the bottom of the module, the heat conducting glue at the bottom of the module is attached to a liquid cooling plate, a cooling medium flow channel is arranged inside the liquid cooling plate, the heat conducting glue at the top of the module is attached to a pulsating heat pipe, the pulsating heat pipe is provided with two serpentine heat pipes, one end of each pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the middle of the top of the battery pack, the pulsating heat pipe is made of a metal material, a groove is formed in the top of the module and the pulsating heat pipe in a matching manner, the pulsating heat pipe is arranged in the groove, bubbles and liquid plugs are arranged at intervals of the pulsating heat pipes, and pipelines at two ends of the pulsating heat pipe are connected with external liquid pipelines, the side, the top surface and the bottom surface of the module are all provided with temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with an alarm.
When the electric automobile cooling device is used, a battery pack of an electric automobile heats, heat is taken out of the battery pack through a cooling medium in a liquid cooling plate at the bottom, when the temperature of the middle part is too high, liquid in a pipe of the middle part generates bubbles and pushes a liquid plug to move to low-temperature sections at two sides, the bubbles shrink and finally break at the low-temperature sections, at the moment, the pressure at the position is reduced, the liquid flows back, the high-temperature section in the middle part continuously generates the bubbles, the liquid plug vibrates and flows between the high-temperature section and the low-temperature sections at the two sides, the process of transferring the heat of the high-temperature position to the low-temperature position is completed, pipelines at the two sides are connected with an external pipeline, the liquid in the pipe is cooled while the temperature difference is eliminated; when the temperature of a certain position is higher than the warning temperature, the alarm sounds to remind a user of paying attention to heat dissipation and stopping for rest.