CN112366374B - Charging and discharging method of lithium ion power battery - Google Patents
Charging and discharging method of lithium ion power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112366374B CN112366374B CN201911214413.9A CN201911214413A CN112366374B CN 112366374 B CN112366374 B CN 112366374B CN 201911214413 A CN201911214413 A CN 201911214413A CN 112366374 B CN112366374 B CN 112366374B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/448—End of discharge regulating measures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a charge and discharge method of a lithium ion power battery, which solves the problem of short service life of the battery in the prior art and comprises a first charge and discharge method and a second charge and discharge method, wherein the first charge and discharge method is used for limiting the charge quantity of a lithium iron phosphate battery system, and the second charge and discharge method is used for limiting the charge quantity and the discharge quantity of a ternary and high-voltage ternary battery system. The invention strictly limits the battery charge-discharge voltage interval, controls the charge-discharge voltage, prevents charge and discharge under the condition of low SOC interval, reduces severe internal stress of the battery, reduces overcharge caused by charge and discharge under the condition of high SOC interval of the ternary battery, and can prolong the service life of the lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of application of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a lithium ion power battery charging and discharging method capable of prolonging service life of a lithium ion battery.
Background
The service cycle of the lithium ion power and the energy storage battery determines the cost performance, and along with the increasingly strict pursuit of energy conservation and emission reduction values of the power battery by people, the power battery adapting to the long-service-life cycle is very important to control the charge and discharge states of the battery in the use process besides starting from the aspects of battery material, battery core consistency control and the like. The prior art does not limit the battery charge-discharge range and the voltage in the operation interval, resulting in short battery operation life.
For example, a method, a device and a system for multi-stage temperature-controlled discharge of a battery disclosed in chinese patent literature, publication No. CN110190349a, the method of the present invention includes obtaining the temperature of the battery in real time during the discharge process; and switching the discharging mode of the battery according to the temperature until the discharging process is finished. The method does not limit the battery charging and discharging range and the voltage of the operation interval, and the internal stress of the battery is severe in the charging and discharging process, and overcharge can occur, so that the service life of the battery is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of short service life of a battery in the prior art, and provides a lithium ion power battery charging and discharging method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the lithium ion power battery comprises a lithium iron phosphate battery system and a ternary and high-voltage ternary battery system, and comprises a first charge-discharge method and a second charge-discharge method, wherein the first charge-discharge method is used for limiting the discharge electric quantity of the lithium iron phosphate battery system, and the second charge-discharge method is used for limiting the charge electric quantity and limiting the discharge electric quantity of the ternary and high-voltage ternary battery system.
Preferably, the first charge-discharge method includes limiting the cut-off voltage of the discharge electric quantity to 2.5V-3.1V, and the discharge electric quantity is 80% to 95% of the full charge state. The lithium iron phosphate battery system adopts a method without limiting the charge quantity until the battery is charged to a specified upper limit voltage of 3.65V, the current reaches a cut-off current, the discharge quantity is controlled to require the battery to discharge to more than 2.0V specified by the system, the optimal lower limit cut-off voltage is optimally controlled between 2.5V and 3.1V, and the battery is discharged to 80 to 95 percent of the full charge state.
Preferably, the second charge-discharge method includes limiting the charge cutoff voltage to 4.1V-4.7V, and charging the electric quantity to 80% to 95% of the full charge electric quantity. Charging to the upper limit voltage of 4.2V and above of the prescribed system, controlling the charge quantity to 80-95% of the full charge quantity of the battery, and the charge cut-off voltage is lower than the prescribed upper limit voltage.
Preferably, the second charge-discharge method includes limiting a discharge cutoff voltage to 3.0V-3.4V, and discharging the electric quantity to 80% to 95% of the full charge electric quantity.
Preferably, the first charge-discharge method includes limiting the charge current to 0.1C-50C.
Preferably, the first charge and discharge method includes limiting a discharge current to 0.1C to 100C.
Preferably, the second charge-discharge method includes limiting the charge current to 0.1C-10C.
Preferably, the second charge-discharge method includes limiting the discharge current to 0.1C-30C.
Preferably, the lithium iron phosphate battery system is used at a voltage of 2.0V-3.65V, and the ternary and high-voltage ternary battery system is used at a voltage of 2.7V-4.2V and above 4.2V. Aiming at a lithium iron phosphate battery system with the voltage of 2.0V-3.65V, adopting a method for controlling the discharge electric quantity without limiting the charge electric quantity; aiming at a ternary battery system with the voltage of 2.7V-4.2V and above and a high-voltage ternary battery system, a charging mode in a charging electric quantity state is controlled, and meanwhile, the discharging electric quantity is limited.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of using the residual 5% -20% of electric quantity for emergency self-heating, the temperature of the battery is increased, and the self-heating discharge voltage is cut-off voltage. When the battery is operated under the extremely low-temperature environment condition, the battery needs to be charged, and the battery uses the residual 5% -20% of electric quantity for self-heating, so that the charging temperature of the battery is kept to be more than 0 ℃.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method strictly limits a charge-discharge voltage interval, controls the charge-discharge voltage and prevents charge and discharge under the condition of low SOC interval;
2. the internal stress intensity of the battery is reduced, and the overcharge of the ternary battery under the condition of high SOC interval is reduced;
3. the battery can be self-heated at low temperature, and the charging temperature of the battery is kept to be more than 0 ℃.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Examples:
mode 1: and (3) adopting a method for limiting discharge capacity for an 8AH battery of the lithium iron phosphate system, wherein 8A is charged to 3.65V at constant current and constant voltage, 80A is discharged to 2.5V, and the full charge and discharge capacity is tested for 1 time every 1000 times.
Mode 2: and (3) adopting a method for limiting discharge electric quantity for an 8AH battery of the lithium iron phosphate system, wherein 8A is charged to 3.65V at constant current and constant voltage, 80A is discharged to 3.0V, and the full charge and discharge capacity is tested for 1 time every 1000 times.
Mode 3: and (3) adopting a method for limiting discharge electric quantity for an 8AH battery of the lithium iron phosphate system, wherein 8A is charged to 3.65V at constant current and constant voltage, 80A is discharged to 3.1V, and the full charge and discharge capacity is tested for 1 time every 1000 times.
Mode 4: and (3) adopting a method for limiting the charge quantity and the discharge quantity for the ternary system 26AH battery, wherein 26A is charged to 4.15V at constant current and constant voltage, 50A is discharged to 3.0V at the lower limit, and 1 full charge-discharge capacity is tested every 500 times.
Mode 5: and (3) adopting a method for limiting the charge quantity and the discharge quantity for the ternary system 26AH battery, wherein 26A is charged to 4.15V at constant current and constant voltage, 50A is discharged to 3.2V at the lower limit, and 1 full charge-discharge capacity is tested every 500 times.
Comparative example 1: and (3) carrying out constant-current and constant-voltage charging on an 8AH battery 8A of the lithium iron phosphate system to 100% of the actual measurement capacity, discharging 80A to 2V, and testing 1 full charge-discharge capacity every 1000 times.
Comparative example 2: and (3) carrying out constant current charging on the lithium iron phosphate system 8AH battery 8A to 80% of the actual measurement capacity, discharging 80A to 2.0V, and testing 1 full charge-discharge capacity every 1000 times.
Comparative example 3: and (3) carrying out constant-current charging on the lithium iron phosphate system 8AH battery 8A to 50% of the actual measurement capacity, discharging 21A to 2V, and testing 1 full charge-discharge capacity every 1000 times.
Comparative example 4: the ternary 26AH cell 26A was charged to 4.2V at constant current and constant voltage, 50a was discharged to 2.7V, and 1 full charge-discharge capacity was measured every 500 times.
The first capacity retention rate, 1000 capacity retention rates, 2000 capacity retention rates, 3000 capacity retention rates, and 4000 capacity retention rates were recorded, respectively.
The first capacity retention rate, 1000 capacity retention rate, 2000 capacity retention rate, 3000 capacity retention rate, and 4000 capacity retention rate of the above examples and comparative examples were counted, and the results of the specific experimental data are shown in table 1, table 2:
| experimental example | First capacity retention rate | 1000 times capacity retention rate | Capacity retention rate 2000 times | 3000 times capacity retention rate | 4000 times capacity retention rate |
| Mode 1 | 100% | 100.2% | 99.0% | 97.3% | 96.2% |
| Mode 2 | 100% | 100.7% | 99.4% | 98.1% | 96.7% |
| Mode 3 | 100% | 102.1% | 99.1% | 98.3% | 97.3% |
| Comparative example 1 | 100% | 93.1% | 88.5% | 81.7% | 74.5% |
| Comparative example 2 | 100% | 94.5% | 88.9% | 84.8% | 80.2% |
| Comparative example 3 | 100% | 93.1% | 88.3% | 84.0% | 79.5% |
Form table
| Experimental example | First capacity retention rate | Capacity retention of 500 times | 1000 times capacity retention rate | Capacity retention of 1500 times | Capacity retention rate 2000 times |
| Mode 4 | 100% | 97.1% | 94.8% | 93.1% | 91.0% |
| Mode 5 | 100% | 97.6% | 95.2% | 93.6% | 91.8% |
| Comparative example 4 | 100% | 95.7% | 92.2% | 89.0% | 81.2% |
Table 2
From the data, the lithium iron phosphate-graphite system battery adopts a method of controlling discharge capacity by limiting discharge cut-off voltage without limiting charge capacity, so that the cycle life of the battery can be effectively prolonged. The ternary-graphite system battery adopts a method of limiting the charge quantity and the discharge voltage by constant-current charging to cut-off voltage to control the discharge capacity, so that the cycle life of the battery can be effectively prolonged.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent changes or modifications made by the features and principles of the present invention as described in the appended claims should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The lithium ion power battery comprises a lithium iron phosphate battery system and a ternary and high-voltage ternary battery system, and is characterized by comprising a first charge-discharge method and a second charge-discharge method, wherein the first charge-discharge method is used for limiting the discharge electric quantity of the lithium iron phosphate battery system, and the second charge-discharge method is used for limiting the charge electric quantity and the discharge electric quantity of the ternary and high-voltage ternary battery system;
the use voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery system is 2.0V-3.65V, the use voltage of the ternary battery system is 2.7V-4.2V, and the use voltage of the high-voltage ternary battery system is more than 4.2V;
the first charge-discharge method comprises the steps that the discharge electric quantity limits the discharge cut-off voltage to be 2.5V-3.1V, and the discharge electric quantity reaches 80% to 95% of the full charge state;
the second charge-discharge method comprises limiting the charge cut-off voltage to 4.1V-4.7V, and enabling the charge quantity to reach 80-95% of the full charge quantity;
the second charge-discharge method comprises limiting the discharge cutoff voltage to 3.0V-3.4V, and discharging the electric quantity to 80% to 95% of the full charge electric quantity;
aiming at a lithium iron phosphate battery system with the voltage of 2.0V-3.65V, adopting a method for controlling the discharge electric quantity without limiting the charge electric quantity; aiming at a ternary battery system with the voltage of 2.7V-4.2V and above and a high-voltage ternary battery system, adopting a charging mode in a charging electric quantity state control mode, and simultaneously limiting the discharging electric quantity;
the battery is characterized by further comprising the step of using the residual 5% -20% of electric quantity for emergency self-heating, the temperature of the battery is increased, the self-heating discharge voltage is cut-off voltage, when the battery is operated under the extremely low temperature environment condition, the battery needs to be charged, the battery uses the residual 5% -20% of electric quantity for self-heating, and the charging temperature of the battery is kept to be more than 0 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first method of charging and discharging comprises limiting the charging current to 0.1C-50C.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first method of charging and discharging comprises limiting the discharge current to 0.1C-100C.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second method of charging and discharging comprises limiting the charging current to 0.1-10C.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second method comprises limiting the discharge current to 0.1-30C.
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| CN103094635B (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2015-04-29 | 广州鹏辉能源科技股份有限公司 | Method for improving stability of lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN103904378A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨威星动力电源科技开发有限责任公司 | Charge-discharge method of lithium battery module |
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