CN112946500B - Method for rapidly testing cycle life of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Method for rapidly testing cycle life of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112946500B CN112946500B CN201911268209.5A CN201911268209A CN112946500B CN 112946500 B CN112946500 B CN 112946500B CN 201911268209 A CN201911268209 A CN 201911268209A CN 112946500 B CN112946500 B CN 112946500B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a method for rapidly testing the cycle life of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the steps of carrying out constant current charging on the lithium ion battery after discharging and standing under the condition of low multiplying power, and carrying out constant current charging to be less than or equal to 80% of the design capacity of the lithium ion battery under the condition of low multiplying power; the method is that by reducing the charging current when the battery is in low SOC, the SEI newly formed in each charging process is more compact, and the reaction consumption of available lithium ions in the battery is accelerated; meanwhile, the charge cut-off voltage of a charging step in a conventional high-temperature intermittent cycle process is increased, so that lithium ion reaction consumption, electrode material degradation and electrolyte decomposition are accelerated; the rapid test method can realize the test rate of high-temperature intermittent circulation on the premise of ensuring the consistent battery capacity attenuation mechanism, greatly shortens the test time and is beneficial to the rapid development of battery products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery testing methods, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly testing the cycle life of a lithium ion battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, no memory effect and the like, and has been widely applied to consumer electronic products and electric automobile products. Consumer electronics, particularly notebook computers, require that the battery still have good cycle and storage performance at higher temperatures. Terminal manufacturers require that the battery be able to pass some specific high temperature test to simulate some of the actual usage conditions of the battery.
The current battery high-temperature performance test scheme is high-temperature intermittent circulation, and comprises the following specific steps: the full-charge battery is fully discharged at a high temperature, is left standing for a short time (the short standing time between the normal discharging and charging well known by terminal manufacturers is not specially emphasized in the standing process), is fully charged at a constant current and constant voltage, is left standing for a long time, and the above steps are sequentially recorded as one cycle, wherein the long standing time is longer than the short standing time, and the test standard requires that the capacity retention rate of the battery after the battery is cycled for a certain number of times according to the above steps is not lower than a specific value. The high temperature intermittent cycle test takes a long time, is performed according to a general standard, and the total cycle time is generally more than 100 days. The lengthy test period is very disadvantageous for the rapid development and optimization of battery products, and thus it is necessary to develop a corresponding accelerated test scheme.
The service life of the lithium ion battery needs to be evaluated through various circulation systems, and the problem of long test period exists in any circulation test. Aiming at the problem that the cycle test of the lithium ion battery takes too long time, the prior art discloses a battery life acceleration test method, which is characterized in that the battery is charged under a constant current at a high temperature and then is subjected to time-increasing float charge until the room temperature discharge capacity is lower than 75% of the nominal capacity, a normal temperature life and high temperature life conversion table which is tested and manufactured in advance is inquired, and the cycle life of the battery under the normal temperature condition is estimated. The above scheme can play the effect of the accelerated test of the service life of the battery, but has the following defects: first, the high temperature cycle life and the normal temperature cycle life are corresponding only by the normal temperature discharge capacity, which is insufficient to ensure the consistency of the battery capacity decay mechanism, and the acceleration test scheme of inconsistent decay mechanism cannot be regarded as an effective scheme. Second, although the conventional normal temperature cycle life and the conventional high temperature cycle life can be tested in advance and made into a life data conversion table, since the consistency of the capacity fading mechanism cannot be ensured, a great deal of time is required to make the life data conversion table for the battery made of each new material and new scheme, and the effect of accelerating the test is difficult to actually achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for rapidly testing the cycle life of a lithium ion battery, which can well solve the problem that the cycle life test of the lithium ion battery takes too long. The method is mainly characterized in that the charging current is reduced when the battery is in a low SOC, so that the SEI newly formed in each charging process is more compact, and the reaction consumption of available lithium ions in the battery is accelerated; meanwhile, by improving the charge cut-off voltage of the battery, the lithium ion reaction consumption, electrode material degradation and electrolyte decomposition are accelerated, and the rapid test of high-temperature intermittent circulation is realized on the premise of ensuring the consistent battery capacity degradation mechanism, so that the time required for the test is greatly shortened, and the rapid development of battery products is facilitated.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a method of rapidly testing the cycle life of a lithium ion battery, the method comprising:
(1) Discharging the lithium ion battery, and after the discharging is finished, discharging and standing;
(2) Constant-current charging is carried out on the lithium ion battery after discharging and standing under the low-rate condition, and the constant-current charging is carried out under the low-rate condition until the design capacity of the lithium ion battery is less than or equal to 80%;
(3) Constant-current charging is carried out on the lithium ion battery in the step (2) under the condition of a known multiplying power, and the lithium ion battery is charged to a charging upper limit voltage U under the condition of the known multiplying power Upper part The upper limit voltage U of charging Upper part Is greater than the known charge upper limit voltage Ug Upper part ；
(4) Performing constant voltage charging on the lithium ion battery in the step (3) to reach a known cut-off current, wherein the voltage of the constant voltage charging is the charging upper limit voltage U Upper part ；
(5) The lithium ion battery is cycled according to the steps (1) to (4); recording the high Wen Rongliang retention rate of the lithium ion battery when the charge-discharge cycle time of the lithium ion battery reaches a threshold value;
or when the high Wen Rongliang retention rate of the lithium ion battery reaches a threshold value, recording the charge-discharge cycle time used by the lithium ion battery, and thus, rapidly testing the cycle life of the lithium ion battery is realized.
According to the invention, the method is carried out by placing the lithium ion battery in an environment above 40 ℃.
According to the present invention, in the step (1), the discharge treatment may be, for example, a discharge treatment of discharging the lithium ion battery at a discharge rate of 0.2 to 6C (e.g., 0.5 to 1.5C) and discharging to a discharge lower limit voltage U Lower part(s) ’。
In step (1), the discharge lower limit voltage U of the discharge treatment Lower part(s) ' equal to the well-known discharge lower limit voltage Ug Lower part(s) ’。
In step (1), the known discharge lower limit voltage Ug Lower part(s) ' is 2.0-3.6V.
According to the invention, in the step (1), the discharge is kept still for 1-60min.
According to the invention, in the step (2), the low rate is a rate smaller than that of the known constant current charge; for example, the rate of the charge is smaller than 0.1C or more of the rate of the known constant current charge.
According to the invention, in step (2), the design capacity of the lithium ion battery is 2000-8000mAh, for example 4000mAh.
According to the invention, in the step (2), the low-rate condition may be the same or different during each cycle; the low magnification conditions may be the same or different during different cycles.
According to the invention, in step (3), the lithium ion battery is subjected to constant current charging under the condition of a known multiplying power, and the lithium ion battery is subjected to constant current charging to a charging upper limit voltage U under the condition of the known multiplying power Upper part 。
In step (3), the charging upper limit voltage U Upper part With a known upper charge voltage Ug Upper part The following relation is satisfied: 1V is greater than or equal to U Upper part -Ug Upper part >0V。
In step (3), the known upper limit of chargePressing Ug Upper part For example, 3.6-4.5V.
According to the invention, in step (4), the known off-current is 0.025C or 0.05C.
According to the present invention, in step (4), the constant voltage charging process is performed at the same or different times during each cycle; in the step (5), the time of each cycle process may be the same or different.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for rapidly testing the cycle life of a lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that the method ensures that SEI newly formed in each charging process is more compact by reducing the charging current when the battery is at a low SOC, and accelerates the reaction consumption of available lithium ions in the battery; meanwhile, the charge cut-off voltage of a charging step in a conventional high-temperature intermittent cycle process is increased, so that lithium ion reaction consumption, electrode material degradation and electrolyte decomposition are accelerated; the rapid test method can realize the test rate of high-temperature intermittent circulation on the premise of ensuring the consistent battery capacity attenuation mechanism, greatly shortens the test time and is beneficial to the rapid development of battery products.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for rapidly testing the cycle life of a lithium ion battery according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As described above, the present invention provides a method for rapidly testing cycle life of a lithium ion battery, the method comprising:
(1) Discharging the lithium ion battery, and after the discharging is finished, discharging and standing;
(2) Constant-current charging is carried out on the lithium ion battery after discharging and standing under the low-rate condition, and the constant-current charging is carried out under the low-rate condition until the design capacity of the lithium ion battery is less than or equal to 80%;
(3) Constant-current charging is carried out on the lithium ion battery in the step (2) under the condition of a known multiplying power, and the lithium ion battery is charged to a charging upper limit voltage U under the condition of the known multiplying power Upper part The upper limit voltage U of charging Upper part Is greater than the known charge upper limit voltage Ug Upper part ；
(4) Performing constant voltage charging on the lithium ion battery in the step (3) to reach a known cut-off current, wherein the voltage of the constant voltage charging is the charging upper limit voltage U Upper part ；
(5) The lithium ion battery is cycled according to the steps (1) to (4); recording the high Wen Rongliang retention rate of the lithium ion battery when the charge-discharge cycle time of the lithium ion battery reaches a threshold value;
or when the high Wen Rongliang retention rate of the lithium ion battery reaches a threshold value, recording the charge-discharge cycle time used by the lithium ion battery, and thus, rapidly testing the cycle life of the lithium ion battery is realized.
In one aspect of the invention, the method is performed in an environment where the lithium ion battery is exposed to high temperatures (e.g., temperatures greater than or equal to 40℃., such as 40-55℃., such as 45℃.).
In one aspect of the invention, in step (1), the discharge treatment may be, for example, a discharge step treatment during a high temperature intermittent cycle as known in the art.
The discharge treatment may be, for example, a discharge treatment of a lithium ion battery at a discharge rate of 0.2 to 6C (e.g., 0.2C, 0.5C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C, 2C, 2.5C, 3C, 4C, 5C, or 6C) and to a discharge lower limit voltage U Lower part(s) ’。
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the discharge lower limit voltage U of the discharge treatment Lower part(s) ' equal to the well-known discharge lower limit voltage Ug Lower part(s) ’。
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the known lower discharge limit voltage Ug Lower part(s) ' is the lower discharge voltage used in the discharge step of the high temperature intermittent cycle of the battery specified by the terminal manufacturer.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the known lower discharge limit voltage Ug Lower part(s) ' is 2.0-3.6V.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the discharge is allowed to stand for 1 to 60 minutes.
In one scheme of the invention, in the step (2), the low multiplying power is smaller than the multiplying power of the known constant current charging, and the multiplying power of the known constant current charging refers to the multiplying power adopted in the constant current charging process in the conventional high-temperature intermittent cycle charging step of the battery specified by a terminal manufacturer. Illustratively, the known constant current charge has a rate of, for example, 0.65-0.8C, for example, 0.7C.
In one aspect of the present invention, in the step (2), the low rate is, for example, smaller than that of the known constant current charging by 0.1C or more, for example, smaller than that of the known constant current charging by 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C or 0.6C.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the low magnification is, for example, 0.1 to 0.6C, for example, 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C, or 0.6C.
In one aspect of the present invention, in the step (2), the design capacity of the lithium ion battery is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 2000 to 8000mAh, for example, 4000mAh.
In one scheme of the invention, in the step (2), when the capacity of the lithium ion battery is less than or equal to 80% of the design capacity of the lithium ion battery, the battery is charged by using a current smaller than the multiplying power of the known constant current charging, namely, a low multiplying power, so that the purpose of the arrangement is mainly to reduce the charging current when the battery is in a low SOC, so that the SEI film newly formed in each charging process is more compact, and the reaction consumption of available lithium ions in the battery is accelerated.
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (2), the low magnification condition may be the same or different during each cycle;
for example, first charge to 80% of the design capacity of a lithium ion battery using 0.1C, then charge to 4.4V using 0.7C, then charge to a known off-current at a constant voltage of 4.4V.
Also for example, first charge to 40% of the designed capacity of the lithium ion battery using 0.1C, then charge to 70% of the designed capacity of the lithium ion battery using 0.3C, then charge to 4.4V using 0.7C, and then start constant voltage charge to a known off current at 4.4V.
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (2), the low magnification condition may be the same or different during different cycles;
for example, this operation is repeated a number of times, first with 0.1C to 80% of the design capacity of the lithium ion battery, then with 0.7C to 4.4V, and then with a constant voltage of 4.4V to a known off-current.
Also for example, the first 10 cycles of charging a lithium ion battery first uses 0.1C to 50% of the design capacity of the lithium ion battery, then uses 0.7C to 4.38V, then changes the cycle to 0.2C to 30% of the design capacity of the lithium ion battery, then uses 0.7C to 4.36V, and then charges to a known off current at a constant voltage of 4.36V.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the lithium ion battery is subjected to constant current charging under a condition of a known rate, and is subjected to constant current charging to a charging upper limit voltage U under the known rate Upper part 。
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (3), the charging upper limit voltage U is adjusted Upper part Is greater than the known charge upper limit voltage Ug Upper part The purpose of the method is that the adjusted charging process can accelerate the consumption of lithium ion reaction, the decay of electrode materials and the decomposition of electrolyte, and provides a guarantee for realizing the rapid test of the cycle life of the lithium ion battery.
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (3), the charging upper limit voltage U Upper part With a known upper charge voltage Ug Upper part The following relation is satisfied: 1V is greater than or equal to U Upper part -Ug Upper part >0V。
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (3), the known charge upper limit voltage Ug Upper part Is the upper limit voltage of charge used in the charging step of the battery high temperature intermittent cycle specified by the terminal manufacturer.
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (3), the known charge upper limit voltage Ug Upper part For example, 3.6-4.5V.
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (4), the constant voltage charge is performed at a charge upper limit voltage U of step (3) Upper part Is charged at a voltage of (2); can be charged in the constant voltageVarious side reactions in the battery are accelerated, and the cycle life of the lithium ion battery is rapidly tested.
In one aspect of the invention, in step (4), the known off-current is 0.025C or 0.05C.
In one aspect of the present invention, in the step (4), the time of the constant voltage charging process is the same or different during each cycle, for example, the time of the constant voltage charging may be adjusted according to the difference between the time of the discharging process in the step (1), the time of the discharging rest process, and the time of the constant current charging in the step (2) during each cycle, and thus, the time of the constant voltage charging may be different during each cycle.
In one aspect of the present invention, in step (5), the time of each cycle may be the same or different; for example, in step (5), the operations of step (1), step (2), step (3) and step (4) are the same or different during each cycle; for example, the discharging process of step (1), the discharging standing step of step (1), the charging rate of step (2), the charging upper limit voltage U of step (3) in each cycle Upper part The constant voltage charging time in step (4) may be the same or different.
The preparation method of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All techniques implemented based on the above description of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents, materials, etc. used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The lithium ion battery is manufactured according to a conventional manufacturing process, wherein the positive active material is lithium cobaltate, the negative active material is graphite, and the design capacity of the battery is 4000mAh. The well-known upper limit voltage of charging of the lithium ion battery is 4.35V, the well-known lower limit voltage of discharging is 3.0V, the well-known multiplying power in the constant current charging process is 0.7C, and the well-known cutoff current is 0.05C.
The lithium ion battery is placed in an environment of 45 ℃, and the testing process is as follows:
discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery to 3.0V at a discharge rate of 0.5C, and then standing for 10min;
and (3) carrying out charging treatment on the discharged lithium ion battery, firstly adopting 0.1C to charge to 80% of the designed capacity, then charging to 4.4V at the rate of 0.7C, and then carrying out constant-voltage charging to the cut-off current of 0.05C at the constant voltage of 4.4V.
The above charge and discharge processes were repeated a plurality of times, and the results are shown in table 1, corresponding to the cycle time when the recording capacity retention rate reached 90%.
Example 2
The lithium ion battery was the same as in example 1, and the test method was different from example 1.
The test method of this embodiment is as follows:
the lithium ion battery is placed in an environment of 50 ℃, and the testing process is as follows:
discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery to 3.0V at a discharge rate of 0.5C, and then standing for 30min;
and (3) charging the discharged lithium ion battery, namely firstly, charging to 40% of the designed capacity by adopting 0.1C, then charging to 70% of the designed capacity by adopting 0.3C, then charging to 4.4V by adopting 0.7C, and then starting constant-voltage charging to the cut-off current of 0.05C at 4.4V.
The above charge and discharge processes were repeated a plurality of times, and the results are shown in table 1, corresponding to the cycle time when the recording capacity retention rate reached 90%.
Example 3
The lithium ion battery was the same as in example 1, and the test method was different from example 1.
The test method of this embodiment is as follows:
the lithium ion battery is placed in an environment of 50 ℃, and the testing process is as follows:
discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery to 3.0V at a discharge rate of 0.5C, and then standing for 60min;
and (3) carrying out charging treatment on the discharged lithium ion battery, wherein the charging process of the first 50 cycles of the battery is firstly carried out by adopting 0.1C to 50% of the designed capacity, then 0.7C to 4.38V, then constant voltage charging is started to stop current of 0.05C at 4.38V, the cycle is changed to 0.2C to 30% of the designed capacity, then 0.7C to 4.36V, and then constant voltage charging is started to stop current of 0.05C at 4.36V.
The above charge and discharge processes were repeated a plurality of times, and the results are shown in table 1, corresponding to the cycle time when the recording capacity retention rate reached 90%.
Example 4
The lithium ion battery was the same as in example 1, and the test method was different from example 1.
The test method of this embodiment is as follows:
the lithium ion battery is placed in an environment of 55 ℃, and the testing process is as follows:
discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery to 3.0V at a discharge rate of 0.5C, and then standing for 30min;
the lithium ion battery after discharging is charged, and the charging process of the lithium ion battery in the previous 20 cycles is as follows: charging 0.1C to 30% of the designed capacity, charging to 4.43V with 0.7C, and charging to 0.05C at constant voltage of 4.43V; the subsequent cycle was changed to 0.1C to 40% of the design capacity, then to 4.38V with 0.7C, then to 0.05C at a constant voltage of 4.38V, and the corresponding number of cycles when the capacity retention rate reached 90% was recorded, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 5
The lithium ion battery was the same as in example 1, and the test method was different from example 1.
The test method of this embodiment is as follows:
the lithium ion battery is placed in an environment of 45 ℃, and the testing process is as follows:
discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery to 3.0V at a discharge rate of 0.5C, and then standing for 30min;
and (3) charging the discharged lithium ion battery, wherein the charging process of the first 40 cycles of the battery is firstly carried out by adopting 0.3C to 60% of the designed capacity, then 0.7C to 4.4V, then constant voltage charging is started to the known cutoff current of 0.05C at 4.4V, the cycle is changed to 0.2C to 30% of the designed capacity, then 0.7C to 4.38V, and then constant voltage charging is started to the known cutoff current of 0.05C at 4.38V.
The above charge and discharge processes were repeated a plurality of times, and the results are shown in table 1, corresponding to the cycle time when the recording capacity retention rate reached 90%.
Comparative example 1
The lithium ion battery was the same as in example 1, and the test method was different from example 1.
The test method of this comparative example is as follows:
the lithium ion battery is placed in an environment of 45 ℃, and the testing process is as follows:
discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery to 3.0V at a discharge rate of 0.5C, and then standing for 10min;
the discharged lithium ion battery was charged to 4.35V at a rate of 0.7C, then charged at a constant voltage of 4.35V, and the time of constant voltage charging was adjusted so that the total time per cycle was 24 hours, and the cycle was repeated as described above in the charge-discharge process, and the corresponding cycle time when the capacity retention rate reached 90% was recorded, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Table 1 shows the cycle time and the normal temperature capacity recovery rate used when the retention rate of the battery of the present invention was the same as that of the battery of the comparative example at a high Wen Rongliang. The accelerating test scheme can be seen to greatly shorten the time required by high-temperature intermittent cycle life assessment, and when the accelerating test is close to the high Wen Rongliang retention rate of the conventional test battery, the normal-temperature capacity recovery rate is also very close, and the accelerating test scheme is an effective accelerating test scheme which is proved to have no obvious difference with the capacity attenuation mechanism of the conventional test battery.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of rapidly testing the cycle life of a lithium ion battery, the method comprising:
(1) Discharging the lithium ion battery, and after the discharging is finished, discharging and standing;
(2) Constant-current charging is carried out on the lithium ion battery after discharging and standing under the low-rate condition, and the constant-current charging is carried out under the low-rate condition until the design capacity of the lithium ion battery is less than or equal to 80%; the low multiplying power is smaller than the multiplying power of the known constant current charging; the multiplying power of the known constant current charging is 0.65-0.8 ℃;
(3) Constant-current charging is carried out on the lithium ion battery in the step (2) under the condition of a known multiplying power, and the lithium ion battery is charged to a charging upper limit voltage U under the condition of the known multiplying power Upper part The upper limit voltage U of charging Upper part Is greater than the known charge upper limit voltage Ug Upper part The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The known charge upper limit voltage Ug Upper part 3.6-4.5V;
(4) Performing constant voltage charging on the lithium ion battery in the step (3) to reach a known cut-off current, wherein the voltage of the constant voltage charging is the charging upper limit voltage U Upper part The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The known off-current is 0.025C or 0.05C;
(5) The lithium ion battery is cycled according to the steps (1) to (4); recording the high Wen Rongliang retention rate of the lithium ion battery when the charge-discharge cycle time of the lithium ion battery reaches a threshold value;
or when the high Wen Rongliang retention rate of the lithium ion battery reaches a threshold value, recording the charge-discharge cycle time used by the lithium ion battery, and thus, rapidly testing the cycle life of the lithium ion battery is realized.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is performed by placing the lithium ion battery in an environment above 40 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the discharge lower limit voltage U of the discharge treatment Lower part(s) ' equal to the well-known discharge lower limit voltage Ug Lower part(s) 'A'; said known lower discharge limit voltage Ug Lower part(s) ' is 2.0-3.6V.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (1), the discharge is allowed to stand for a period of 1 to 60 minutes.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (2), the low rate is 0.1C or more less than that of the known constant current charge.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (2) the design capacity of the lithium ion battery is 2000-8000 mAh.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step (2), the design capacity of the lithium ion battery is 4000mAh.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (2), the low magnification conditions are the same or different during each cycle; the low magnification conditions are the same or different during different cycles.
9. The method according to claim 1 to 3, wherein,in step (3), the charging upper limit voltage U Upper part With a known upper charge voltage Ug Upper part The following relation is satisfied: 1V is greater than or equal to U Upper part -Ug Upper part >0V。
10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (4), the constant voltage charging process is performed at the same or different times during each cycle; in step (5), the time of each cycle is the same or different.
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