CN112362536A - Evaluation method of sandstone surface micro-wettability based on atomic force microscope - Google Patents
Evaluation method of sandstone surface micro-wettability based on atomic force microscope Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q60/00—Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
- G01Q60/24—AFM [Atomic Force Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. AFM probes
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to an atomic force microscope-based sandstone surface micro-wettability evaluation method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pre-treating; (2) soaking the atomic force microscope probe in a dodecanethiol solution to obtain a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe; (3) scanning a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment by using a needle point of a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe in a PeakForceQNM mode to obtain a surface appearance and an adhesion distribution diagram of a scanning area and storing an image file; (4) and processing the stored image by using software to obtain an adhesion frequency distribution histogram of the measuring point, and analyzing the micro wettability of each area on the surface of the sandstone core by comparing the adhesion frequency distribution histograms of the core substrate, the hydrophilic glass substrate and the hydrophobic glass substrate. The method can visually and accurately represent the hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas on the surface of the rock core through the two-dimensional image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to an atomic force microscope-based sandstone surface micro-wettability evaluation method.
Background
The wettability is one of key factors for controlling the distribution state and the flow characteristic of reservoir fluid in a porous medium, and the research on the wettability of the porous medium has important effects on oil and gas development, oil recovery rate improvement, reservoir interaction and the like. Wettability refers to the fact that when two immiscible fluids are present in the rock pore, one fluid has a stronger affinity or spreadability on the surface of a solid relative to the other fluid. Under oil reservoir conditions, mineral composition and content of each part of a rock surface are different, and fluid composition has diversity, so that different interaction forces including van der Waals force, electrostatic force, hydrophobic force and the like are generated between fluid and a solid (rock) surface, and the interaction forces cause the fluid to be unevenly distributed on the solid surface of a porous medium, so that the rock surface shows heterogeneous wettability. The main causes of heterogeneous wetting formation are: the influence of mineral components in a porous medium and the difference of the types and the distribution of minerals on the surface of the rock lead to different wettability of different areas; secondly, the polar components in the fluid are deposited on the surface of the rock through diffusion, and the content and the property of the polar components can cause the wettability of partial surface of the rock to change.
The currently used evaluation methods for the wettability of reservoir rocks are roughly divided into: wetting angle determination, Amott and USBM methods, nuclear magnetic resonance method. Among them, the contact angle measurement method is the most direct wettability evaluation method, and is widely applied to evaluating the contact angle of reservoir rock due to simple operation and short test time. And determining a corresponding wettability index by combining a wettability evaluation method of a plurality of fluid seepage theories on a core scale in the Amoot method and the USBM method through spontaneous water absorption and oil absorption. In addition, nuclear magnetic resonance techniques are commonly used for core wettability evaluation. However, the method determines the relative macroscopic wettability or wettability change no matter the qualitative or quantitative research, for example, the method has the difficulty that the nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation spectrum technology is utilized to represent the overall wettability of the compact rock in the Chinese patent CN 109030292, but the local heterogeneous wettability of different areas of the rock cannot be accurately and quantitatively evaluated, and the accurate and quantitative evaluation of the heterogeneous wettability of the reservoir rock is still difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem that the local heterogeneous wettability of different areas of a rock cannot be accurately and quantitatively evaluated in the prior art, and provides an atomic force microscope-based sandstone surface micro-wettability evaluation method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an atomic force microscope-based method for evaluating micro-wettability of a sandstone surface, comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment: pretreating a glass sheet to obtain a hydrophilic glass substrate, pretreating the glass sheet, performing hydrophobization treatment to obtain a hydrophobic glass substrate, and treating the surface of a sandstone core to obtain a core substrate;
(2) probe hydrophobization treatment: soaking the cleaned atomic force microscope probe in an absolute ethanol solution containing dodecyl mercaptan, taking out and removing redundant mercaptan physically adsorbed on the needle point, and then drying by blowing to obtain a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe;
(3) measurement of surface adhesion: scanning a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment by using a needle point of a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe in a PeakForce QNM mode to obtain a surface appearance and an adhesion distribution diagram of a scanning area and storing an image file;
(4) micro-wettability analysis: and processing the stored images by adopting software to obtain adhesive force frequency distribution histograms of measuring points in a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a rock core substrate, and analyzing the micro wettability of each area on the surface of the sandstone rock core by comparing the adhesive force frequency distribution histograms of the rock core substrate, the hydrophilic glass substrate and the hydrophobic glass substrate.
Preferably, in step (1), the specific process of pretreating the glass sheet comprises: soaking the glass sheet in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution for ultrasonic treatment, then taking out the glass sheet, drying the glass sheet by using nitrogen, and putting the glass sheet into an oven for drying.
Preferably, in the step (1), the specific process of the hydrophobization treatment includes: soaking the pretreated glass sheet in an octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution, taking out the glass sheet, cleaning the surface of the glass sheet by using deionized water, then putting the glass sheet into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, drying the glass sheet by using nitrogen, and drying the glass sheet in an oven.
Preferably, the concentration of the octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution is 0.4 to 0.6 mol/L.
Preferably, in step (1), the specific process of treating the surface of the sandstone core comprises: cutting the sandstone core, polishing into slices, putting the slices into deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning, and then blowing and drying by nitrogen.
Preferably, the flakes have a diameter of 8-12mm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the concentration of the dodecanethiol in the anhydrous ethanol solution containing the dodecanethiol is 5 to 15 mmol/L.
Preferably, in step (2), the soaking time is 10-15 h.
Preferably, the specific steps of step (3) include: scanning a 5-micrometer multiplied by 5-micrometer square area of a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment by using a needle point of a hydrophobic atomic Force microscope probe in a Peak Force QNM mode, obtaining the surface appearance and the adhesion distribution diagram of 32 multiplied by 32 pixels in a scanning area, and storing an image file.
Preferably, in the step (4), the software is nanoscope analysis software.
The method can evaluate the wettability of the surface of the heterogeneous sandstone from the angle of nano mechanics, and visually and accurately represent the hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas of the surface of the rock core through a two-dimensional image; the relation between the adhesion and the macroscopic contact angle is quantified, the relation between the adhesion range and the hydrophobicity degree is established, and the quantitative evaluation of the micro wettability of the sandstone surface by the adhesion is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the surface topography and adhesion distribution of a hydrophilic glass substrate of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the surface topography and adhesion distribution of the hydrophobic glass substrate of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the surface topography and adhesion distribution of the core base of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a histogram of adhesion frequency distribution of the hydrophilic glass substrate in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a histogram of the adhesion frequency distribution of the hydrophobic glass substrate in example 1;
fig. 6 is a histogram of the adhesion frequency distribution of the core base in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention provides an atomic force microscope-based sandstone surface micro-wettability evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: pretreating a glass sheet to obtain a hydrophilic glass substrate, pretreating the glass sheet, performing hydrophobization treatment to obtain a hydrophobic glass substrate, and treating the surface of a sandstone core to obtain a core substrate;
(2) probe hydrophobization treatment: soaking the cleaned atomic force microscope probe in an absolute ethanol solution containing dodecyl mercaptan, taking out and removing redundant mercaptan physically adsorbed on the needle point, and then drying by blowing to obtain a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe;
(3) measurement of surface adhesion: scanning a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment by using a needle point of a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe in a PeakForce QNM mode to obtain a surface appearance and an adhesion distribution diagram of a scanning area and storing an image file;
(4) micro-wettability analysis: and processing the stored images by adopting software to obtain adhesive force frequency distribution histograms of measuring points in a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a rock core substrate, and analyzing the micro wettability of each area on the surface of the sandstone rock core by comparing the adhesive force frequency distribution histograms of the rock core substrate, the glass substrate and the hydrophobic glass substrate.
In the method of the present invention, in step (1), the specific process of pretreating the glass sheet comprises: soaking the glass sheet in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution for ultrasonic treatment, then taking out the glass sheet, drying the glass sheet by using nitrogen, and putting the glass sheet into an oven for drying. In a specific embodiment, the number of sonications is 3, with 10min per sonication.
In the process of the present invention, the nitrogen used is 99.999% pure.
In the method of the present invention, in the step (1), the specific process of the hydrophobization treatment includes: soaking the pretreated glass sheet in an octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution, taking out the glass sheet, cleaning the surface of the glass sheet by using deionized water, then putting the glass sheet into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, drying the glass sheet by using high-purity nitrogen, and drying the glass sheet in an oven. In a specific embodiment, the number of sonications is 3, with 10min per sonication.
Preferably, the concentration of the octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution is 0.4 to 0.6 mol/L. Further preferably, the concentration of the octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution is 0.5 mol/L.
In a preferable case, in the step (1), the glass sheet after pretreatment is soaked in the octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution for 1 hour.
In the method, in the step (1), the specific process of treating the surface of the sandstone core comprises the following steps: cutting the sandstone core, polishing into slices, putting the slices into deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning, and then blowing and drying by nitrogen.
In a preferred embodiment, the flakes have a diameter of 8 to 12mm and a thickness of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. In a particular embodiment, the flakes have a diameter of 10mm and a thickness of 1 mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the concentration of the dodecanethiol in the anhydrous ethanol solution containing the dodecanethiol is 5 to 15 mmol/L. More preferably, the concentration of the dodecanethiol is 10 mmol/L.
Preferably, in the step (2), the soaking time is 10-15 h. Further preferably, the soaking time is 12 hours.
In a preferable case, in the step (2), the excess thiol physically adsorbed on the tip of the probe may be removed by placing the soaked probe in an anhydrous ethanol solution.
Preferably, in step (2), the specific process of the cleaning treatment includes: the needle tip is cleaned by irradiating with ultraviolet rays.
Preferably, in the step (2), the blow-drying is performed by using nitrogen.
Preferably, in the step (2), the contact angle of the suspended wall of the probe after the hydrophobization treatment is measured by a contact angle measuring instrument to determine whether the hydrophobization treatment is completed, and when the contact angle is 100 ° to 110 °, the probe is thiolated to obtain the hydrophobic afm probe.
Preferably, in step (2), the model of the afm probe may be NPG-10, and before step (3), the afm tip needs to be calibrated, and the calibration parameters include: the suspension wall has a spring constant of 0.3214N/m, a tip radius of about 45nm, and a Ds coefficient of about 40.
Preferably, the specific steps of step (3) include: scanning a 5-micrometer multiplied by 5-micrometer square area of a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment by using a needle point of a hydrophobic atomic Force microscope probe in a Peak Force QNM mode, obtaining the surface appearance and the adhesion distribution diagram of 32 multiplied by 32 pixels in a scanning area, and storing an image file.
Preferably, in step (4), the software is nanoscope analysis software.
In the method of the present invention, the probe tip after the hydrophobic treatment has stronger adhesion in the hydrophobic region than in the hydrophilic region due to the hydrophobic effect. Therefore, by comparing the frequency distribution histogram of the adhesion of the core surface to glass sheets of different wettability, the microscopic wettability of the regions of the surface of the sandstone core can be analyzed.
In the method, the measured adhesion images of the core surface, the hydrophilic glass surface and the hydrophobic glass surface are opened in a nanoscope analysis software, the adhesion numerical value of each point in each image is obtained, and an adhesion frequency distribution histogram is respectively drawn. And obtaining the distribution range of the adhesive force of the surface of each sample according to the frequency distribution histogram, and comparing the distribution range of the adhesive force of the sample to be detected with the distribution ranges of the adhesive force of the hydrophilic glass substrate and the hydrophobic glass substrate. If the adhesion force of the sample to be detected is within the obtained adhesion force distribution range of the hydrophilic glass substrate, the region is considered to be relatively hydrophilic; if the adhesion of the sample to be tested is within the resulting adhesion distribution of the hydrophobic glass substrate, the region is considered to be relatively hydrophobic.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The purity of the nitrogen used in this example was 99.999%.
(1) Pretreatment: pretreating a glass sheet to obtain a hydrophilic glass substrate, pretreating the glass sheet, performing hydrophobization treatment to obtain a hydrophobic glass substrate, and treating the surface of a sandstone core to obtain a core substrate;
the specific process of pretreating the glass sheet comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the standard glass sheet into a beaker, pouring absolute ethyl alcohol until the glass sheet is immersed, and taking out the glass sheet after three times of ultrasonic treatment (10 min/time). Drying the glass sheet by using nitrogen, and putting the glass sheet into an oven to be dried to obtain a hydrophilic glass substrate;
the specific process of the hydrophobization treatment comprises the following steps: placing the pretreated glass sheet into a beaker, immersing the glass sheet in a poured 0.5mol/L octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution, taking out the glass sheet after soaking the glass sheet in the solution for 1 hour, cleaning the surface of the glass sheet by deionized water, placing the glass sheet into absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically cleaning the glass sheet for three times (10 minutes/time), and drying the glass sheet by nitrogen to obtain a hydrophobic glass substrate;
the specific process for treating the surface of the sandstone core comprises the following steps: cutting the sandstone core, polishing into slices with the diameter of 10mm and the thickness of 1mm, putting the slices into deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for three times, each time for 10min, and then blow-drying with nitrogen to obtain a core substrate;
(2) probe hydrophobization treatment: cleaning the needle tip of a probe with the model of NPG-10 by ultraviolet irradiation, immersing the cleaned probe into 10mmol/L dodecanethiol-absolute ethyl alcohol solution, taking out the probe after 12 hours, putting the probe into absolute ethyl alcohol, removing redundant thiol physically adsorbed on the needle tip, taking out the probe from the absolute ethyl alcohol, and slowly drying the probe by using nitrogen to obtain a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe;
(3) measurement of surface adhesion: and calibrating the probe, wherein the calibration parameters are as follows: the elastic constant of the cantilever wall is 0.3214N/m, a tip of a hydrophobic atomic Force microscope probe is used for scanning a 5-micrometer multiplied by 5-micrometer square area of a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment in a Peak Force QNM mode, obtaining the surface morphology and the adhesion distribution diagram of 32 multiplied by 32 pixels in a scanning area and storing an image file, wherein the obtained surface morphology and the adhesion distribution diagram of the hydrophilic glass substrate are shown in figure 1, the surface morphology and the adhesion distribution diagram of the hydrophobic glass substrate are shown in figure 2, and the surface morphology and the adhesion distribution diagram of the core substrate are shown in figure 3;
(4) micro-wettability analysis: and processing the stored images by using software to obtain adhesion force frequency distribution histograms of 1024 measurement points in a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate, wherein the adhesion force frequency distribution histogram of the hydrophilic glass substrate is shown in figure 4, the adhesion force frequency distribution histogram of the hydrophobic hydrophilic glass substrate is shown in figure 5, the adhesion force frequency distribution histogram of the core substrate is shown in figure 6, and the micro wettability of each area on the surface of the sandstone core is analyzed by comparing the adhesion force frequency distribution histograms of the core substrate, the glass substrate and the hydrophobic glass substrate.
As can be seen from FIGS. 4-6, the adhesion distribution of the glass surface is narrow, wherein the adhesion distribution of the hydrophilic glass is in the range of 2.0-2.2 nN, the peak value is 2.1nN, and the range is considered as the relative hydrophilic range; the hydrophobic glass surface adhesion distribution ranged from 21.3 to 21.7nN with a peak of about 21.45nN, which is considered to be the relatively hydrophobic range. The adhesive force of the surface of the core is distributed in the range of 0-24 nN, 3 peak values are generated, the peak values are respectively 2.1nN, 4nN and 12nN, and the distribution range is wider compared with glass. This indicates that the core surface has strong heterogeneity and the surface wettability shows different hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity in different micro areas. The adhesion was mainly distributed around 4nN, and the adhesion was relatively close to that of hydrophilic glass, and it was considered that the whole was hydrophilic.
In this embodiment, by comparing the frequency distribution histograms of the adhesion forces of the core substrate, the glass substrate and the hydrophobic glass substrate, the main distribution areas of the adhesion forces of the hydrophilic substrate and the hydrophobic substrate are analyzed, so that the overall wettability of the core surface is obtained as hydrophilicity, and the micro wettability of each area of the sandstone core surface can also be obtained.
Comparative example 1
The sandstone in example 1 was subjected to wettability testing using a contact angle measuring instrument, and the specific procedure included the following steps:
(1) sandstone core surface treatment: cutting the sandstone core, polishing into slices with the diameter of 10mm and the thickness of 1mm, putting the slices into deionized water, ultrasonically cleaning for three times, each time for 10min, and then blow-drying by nitrogen to obtain the core substrate.
(2) Mixing the dehydrated crude oil with kerosene in a ratio of 1: 7, preparing simulated oil by mixing according to the proportion, wherein the viscosity of the simulated oil is 9mPa & s;
(3) the contact angle of an oil droplet on a sandstone substrate (underwater environment) was measured with a JC2000 contact angle gauge. And (3) dropping simulated oil on the lower surface of the substrate, adding deionized water to immerse the sample, and measuring the contact angle of the oil drop on the sandstone surface.
And (3) measuring results: the contact angle of the oil drops on the sandstone surface is 120 degrees, and the whole surface of the core shows hydrophilicity.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An atomic force microscope-based sandstone surface micro-wettability evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: pretreating a glass sheet to obtain a hydrophilic glass substrate, pretreating the glass sheet, performing hydrophobization treatment to obtain a hydrophobic glass substrate, and treating the surface of a sandstone core to obtain a core substrate;
(2) probe hydrophobization treatment: soaking the cleaned atomic force microscope probe in an absolute ethanol solution containing dodecyl mercaptan, taking out and removing redundant mercaptan physically adsorbed on the needle point, and then drying by blowing to obtain a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe;
(3) measurement of surface adhesion: scanning a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment by using a needle point of a hydrophobic atomic force microscope probe in a PeakForce QNM mode to obtain a surface appearance and an adhesion distribution diagram of a scanning area and storing an image file;
(4) micro-wettability analysis: and processing the stored images by adopting software to obtain adhesive force frequency distribution histograms of measuring points in a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a rock core substrate, and analyzing the micro wettability of each area on the surface of the sandstone rock core by comparing the adhesive force frequency distribution histograms of the rock core substrate, the hydrophilic glass substrate and the hydrophobic glass substrate.
2. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the specific process of pretreating the glass sheet comprises the following steps: soaking the glass sheet in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution for ultrasonic treatment, then taking out the glass sheet, drying the glass sheet by using nitrogen, and putting the glass sheet into an oven for drying.
3. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an atomic force microscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), the specific process of the hydrophobization treatment comprises the following steps: soaking the pretreated glass sheet in an octadecyl trichlorosilane-toluene solution, taking out the glass sheet, cleaning the surface of the glass sheet by using deionized water, then putting the glass sheet into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, drying the glass sheet by using nitrogen, and drying the glass sheet in an oven.
4. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an atomic force microscope as claimed in claim 3, wherein the concentration of the octadecyltrichlorosilane-toluene solution is 0.4-0.6 mol/L.
5. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on the atomic force microscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the specific process of treating the sandstone core surface comprises the following steps: cutting the sandstone core, polishing into slices, putting the slices into deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning, and then blowing and drying by nitrogen.
6. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the flake is 8-12mm, and the thickness of the flake is 0.8-1.2 mm.
7. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the concentration of the dodecanethiol in the anhydrous ethanol solution containing the dodecanethiol is 5 to 15 mmol/L.
8. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the soaking time in the step (2) is 10-15 h.
9. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) according to claim 1, wherein the concrete step of the step (3) comprises the following steps: scanning a 5-micrometer multiplied by 5-micrometer square area of a hydrophilic glass substrate, a hydrophobic glass substrate and a core substrate in an underwater environment by using a needle point of a hydrophobic atomic Force microscope probe in a Peak Force QNM mode, obtaining the surface appearance and the adhesion distribution diagram of 32 multiplied by 32 pixels in a scanning area, and storing an image file.
10. The method for evaluating the micro-wettability of the sandstone surface based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the software is NanoScopeAnalysis software.
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| CN114235641A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-25 | 常州工学院 | Method for measuring wettability of compact rock by nuclear magnetic resonance |
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