CN102519995A - Method for rapidly evaluating effect of reducing resistance of water flow in petroleum reservoir stratum micro-channel by adopting nanoparticle adsorption method - Google Patents
Method for rapidly evaluating effect of reducing resistance of water flow in petroleum reservoir stratum micro-channel by adopting nanoparticle adsorption method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及纳米颗粒吸附法降低石油储层微通道水流阻力效果的快速评价方法,利用扫描电镜、接触角测试结果来快速评价减阻效果。它是将指定地层的岩心片在纳米颗粒分散液中浸泡24小时以上,让纳米颗粒在岩心片表面吸附,随后将其取出,冲洗并干燥,随后利用接触角测试仪测定水滴在其上的表观接触角,再用扫描电镜进行扫描,确定纳米颗粒是否已在岩心片表面吸附,然后根据测试结果进行快速判断:当SEM检测到有纳米颗粒吸附且表观接触角大于120°时就可认为该纳米材料对于该岩心具有降压增注效果,不进行后续岩心流动实验评价。本方法可以缩短室内评价时间(约40%),加快了纳米材料的研发进程。
The invention relates to a rapid evaluation method for the effect of reducing the water flow resistance of oil reservoir microchannels by a nano particle adsorption method, and uses scanning electron microscopy and contact angle test results to quickly evaluate the drag reduction effect. It is to soak the core slices of the specified formation in the nanoparticle dispersion liquid for more than 24 hours, let the nanoparticles adsorb on the surface of the core slices, then take them out, rinse and dry them, and then use the contact angle tester to measure the surface of the water droplets on it. Observe the contact angle, and then scan with a scanning electron microscope to determine whether the nanoparticles have been adsorbed on the surface of the core piece, and then make a quick judgment based on the test results: when SEM detects that there is adsorption of nanoparticles and the apparent contact angle is greater than 120°, it can be considered The nanomaterial has the effect of reducing pressure and increasing injection for the core, and the follow-up core flow test evaluation is not performed. This method can shorten the indoor evaluation time (about 40%), and accelerate the research and development process of nanomaterials.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种判断纳米颗粒吸附法降低石油储层中岩石微通道水流阻力是否有效果的快速评价方法,其对石油工程降压增注、提高采收率具有十分重要的意义。 The present invention relates to a rapid evaluation method for judging whether the nanoparticle adsorption method is effective in reducing the water flow resistance of rock microchannels in petroleum reservoirs, which is of great significance for reducing pressure and increasing injection and improving oil recovery in petroleum engineering.
背景技术 Background technique
石油工程中降低岩石微通道内的水流(渗流)阻力的方法主要有两种:一是通过对地层进行酸化、压裂等改造,扩大地层岩石的微通道,提高泄流面积;二是降低流体与岩石微通道孔壁之间的摩阻。 In petroleum engineering, there are two main methods to reduce the water flow (seepage) resistance in rock microchannels: one is to expand the microchannels of formation rocks and increase the drainage area through acidification and fracturing of the formation; Friction between the rock microchannel and the pore wall.
经过长期注水,注水井近井带岩石微通道表面已转变为亲水性,使水流阻力大幅度提高。通过注入表面活性剂可以改变岩石微通道表面与水流的界面张力,达到减低水流阻力的目的。但是由于表面活性剂在孔壁表面的黏附力不强,因此这种方法的有效期较短。 After long-term water injection, the surface of rock microchannels near the wellbore zone of the injection well has become hydrophilic, which greatly increases the water flow resistance. The interfacial tension between the surface of the rock microchannel and the water flow can be changed by injecting the surfactant, so as to reduce the water flow resistance. However, due to the weak adhesion of the surfactant on the surface of the pore wall, the effective period of this method is short.
为此,提出了利用疏水纳米颗粒吸附法来降低储层微通道水流阻力的新方法,并取得很好的效果,但由于不同油田区块储层之间的差异性和石油储层的复杂性,不同油田区块需要不同的纳米材料,故在特定油田区块实施纳米颗粒吸附法降压增注技术时,需要研制适合该油田区块的纳米材料。这个过程需要较长时间进行反复试验和评价,尤其是评价工作所占时间较长。除纳米材料制备过程外,评价过程包括: For this reason, a new method of using hydrophobic nanoparticle adsorption method to reduce the water flow resistance of reservoir microchannels was proposed, and achieved good results. However, due to the differences between reservoirs in different oilfield blocks and the complexity of petroleum reservoirs , Different oilfield blocks require different nanomaterials. Therefore, when implementing nanoparticle adsorption depressurization and injection technology in a specific oilfield block, it is necessary to develop nanomaterials suitable for the oilfield block. This process requires a long period of trial and error and evaluation, especially the evaluation work takes a long time. In addition to the nanomaterial preparation process, the evaluation process includes:
1)活化度评价:主要检验纳米颗粒表面修饰工艺的质量,即纳米材料的整体疏水性。活化度的高低直接关系着润湿性反转效果,从而影响降压增注效果。 1) Evaluation of activation degree: mainly to test the quality of nanoparticle surface modification process, that is, the overall hydrophobicity of nanomaterials. The degree of activation is directly related to the wettability reversal effect, thus affecting the effect of reducing pressure and increasing injection.
2)吸附效果评价:主要利用扫描电镜(SEM)检验纳米颗粒能否在给定储层岩心薄片表面吸附及观察其表面形态。这是纳米颗粒吸附法降压增注技术的基础。 2) Adsorption effect evaluation: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is mainly used to test whether nanoparticles can be adsorbed on the surface of a given reservoir core slice and to observe its surface morphology. This is the basis of the nanoparticle adsorption method for depressurization and increased injection technology.
3)润湿性反转效果评价:主要检验纳米颗粒吸附后,能否使微通道壁面由强亲水转化为强疏水或超疏水。这是纳米颗粒吸附法能否产生滑移效应从而达到减阻效果的核心机制。 3) Evaluation of wettability reversal effect: mainly to test whether the microchannel wall can be transformed from strongly hydrophilic to strongly hydrophobic or superhydrophobic after the adsorption of nanoparticles. This is the core mechanism of whether the nanoparticle adsorption method can produce a slip effect to achieve the drag reduction effect.
4)减阻效果评价:虽然前面三个过程为纳米颗粒吸附法减阻准备了条件,但检验减阻效果的最好办法还是岩心流动实验。岩心流动实验可以采用实际岩心、地层水,并提供地层温度、压力等环境,能很好地模拟储层渗流特征。但岩心流动实验的不足是实验时间较长。 4) Evaluation of drag reduction effect: Although the previous three processes have prepared conditions for drag reduction by nanoparticle adsorption method, the best way to test drag reduction effect is core flow experiment. Core flow experiments can use actual cores, formation water, and provide formation temperature, pressure and other environments, which can well simulate reservoir seepage characteristics. However, the shortcoming of the core flow experiment is that the experiment takes a long time.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对已有技术存在的问题,提出一种纳米颗粒吸附法降低石油储层微通道水流阻力效果的快速评价方法,减少评价过程所占时间,缩短特定地层所需纳米材料的开发周期。 The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the problems existing in the prior art, propose a kind of nano particle adsorption method to reduce the rapid evaluation method of oil reservoir microchannel flow resistance effect, reduce the time occupied by the evaluation process, and shorten the development of nanomaterials required for specific formations cycle.
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案: In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种纳米颗粒吸附法降低石油储层微通道水流阻力效果的快速评价方法,利用扫描电镜、接触角测试结果来快速评价减阻效果。具体步骤如下: A rapid evaluation method for the effect of nanoparticle adsorption on reducing the water flow resistance of oil reservoir microchannels, using scanning electron microscopy and contact angle test results to quickly evaluate the drag reduction effect. Specific steps are as follows:
1)将指定地层的岩心片在纳米颗粒分散液中浸泡24小时以上,使纳米颗粒在岩心片表面吸附,随后将岩心片取出,冲洗并干燥; 1) Soak the core slices of the specified formation in the nanoparticle dispersion for more than 24 hours, so that the nanoparticles are adsorbed on the surface of the core slices, and then the core slices are taken out, rinsed and dried;
2)利用接触角测试仪测定水滴在岩心片上的表观接触角,再用扫描电镜对岩心片进行扫描; 2) Use a contact angle tester to measure the apparent contact angle of water droplets on the core slice, and then scan the core slice with a scanning electron microscope;
3)根据测试结果进行快速判断,只要扫描结果显示纳米颗粒已在岩心片表面吸附,并且接触角测试结果大于120°,就可判断该纳米材料在对应地层中有较好的减阻效果; 3) Quickly judge according to the test results, as long as the scanning results show that the nanoparticles have been adsorbed on the surface of the core piece, and the contact angle test result is greater than 120°, it can be judged that the nanomaterial has a good drag reduction effect in the corresponding formation;
上述岩心片直径范围为5mm~50mm,厚度范围为1mm~5mm,纳米材料为具有5~200nm粒径的疏水纳米SiO2颗粒,或TiO2颗粒,或ZnO颗粒,或其它疏水纳米颗粒。 The above-mentioned core slices have a diameter ranging from 5 mm to 50 mm and a thickness ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm. The nanomaterials are hydrophobic nano-SiO 2 particles, TiO 2 particles, ZnO particles, or other hydrophobic nanoparticles with a particle size of 5-200 nm.
本发明与现有技术相比较,具有以下突出的优点: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:
本快速评价方法能定性地判断所研制的纳米材料对特定低渗储层是否有降压增注效果,只有当SEM检测到纳米吸附且接触角小于120°时,才进行岩心流动实验评价,这在纳米材料的研发过程中可大幅度降低岩心流动实验的次数,不仅降低了实际岩心的耗费量、节约了成本,而且可以缩短室内评价时间(约40%),加快了纳米材料的研发进程。 This rapid evaluation method can qualitatively judge whether the developed nanomaterials have the effect of reducing pressure and increasing injection for specific low-permeability reservoirs. Only when SEM detects nano-adsorption and the contact angle is less than 120°, the core flow test evaluation is carried out. During the research and development of nanomaterials, the number of core flow experiments can be greatly reduced, which not only reduces the consumption of actual cores and saves costs, but also shortens the indoor evaluation time (about 40%), and speeds up the research and development process of nanomaterials.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明快速评价流程图; Fig. 1 is the rapid evaluation flowchart of the present invention;
图2是没有吸附纳米颗粒的岩心片扫描照片; Fig. 2 is the scanning photo of the core slice without adsorbing nanoparticles;
图3是吸附了纳米颗粒的岩心片扫描照片; Fig. 3 is the scanning photograph of the rock core sheet that has adsorbed nanoparticles;
图4是没有吸附纳米颗粒岩心片表面的接触角测试结果; Fig. 4 is the contact angle test result of no adsorption nanoparticle core piece surface;
图5是吸附了纳米颗粒岩心片表面的接触角测试结果; Fig. 5 is the contact angle test result on the surface of the adsorbed nanoparticle core piece;
图6 纳米颗粒吸附前后水测压力梯度-流量图。 Figure 6 Water pressure gradient-flow diagrams before and after nanoparticle adsorption.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明方法进一步说明。 The method of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1所示,一种纳米颗粒吸附法降低石油储层微通道水流阻力效果的快速评价方法,利用扫描电镜、接触角测试结果来快速评价减阻效果。具体步骤如下: As shown in Figure 1, a rapid evaluation method for the effect of nanoparticle adsorption on reducing the water flow resistance of microchannels in petroleum reservoirs, using scanning electron microscopy and contact angle test results to quickly evaluate the drag reduction effect. Specific steps are as follows:
1)将指定地层的岩心片在纳米颗粒分散液中浸泡24小时以上,使纳米颗粒在岩心片表面吸附,随后将岩心片取出,冲洗并干燥; 1) Soak the core slices of the specified formation in the nanoparticle dispersion for more than 24 hours, so that the nanoparticles are adsorbed on the surface of the core slices, and then the core slices are taken out, rinsed and dried;
2)利用接触角测试仪测定水滴在岩心片上的表观接触角,再用扫描电镜对岩心片进行扫描; 2) Use a contact angle tester to measure the apparent contact angle of water droplets on the core slice, and then scan the core slice with a scanning electron microscope;
3)根据测试结果进行快速判断,只要扫描结果显示纳米颗粒已在岩心片表面吸附,并且接触角测试结果大于120°,就可判断该纳米材料在对应地层中有较好的减阻效果; 3) Quickly judge according to the test results, as long as the scanning results show that the nanoparticles have been adsorbed on the surface of the core piece, and the contact angle test result is greater than 120°, it can be judged that the nanomaterial has a good drag reduction effect in the corresponding formation;
上述岩心片直径范围为5mm~50mm,厚度范围为1mm~5mm,纳米材料为具有5~200nm粒径的疏水纳米SiO2颗粒,或TiO2颗粒,或ZnO颗粒,或其它疏水纳米颗粒。 The above-mentioned core slices have a diameter ranging from 5 mm to 50 mm and a thickness ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm. The nanomaterials are hydrophobic nano-SiO 2 particles, TiO 2 particles, ZnO particles, or other hydrophobic nanoparticles with a particle size of 5-200 nm.
实施例:Example:
小试纳米材料的特征:制备的疏水纳米SiO2材料,颗粒粒径约为10~40nm,比表面积350~380m2/g,活化度>99%。 The characteristics of small-scale nanomaterials: The prepared hydrophobic nano-SiO 2 material has a particle size of about 10-40nm, a specific surface area of 350-380m 2 /g, and an activation degree of >99%.
扫描结果:图2为未吸附纳米颗粒的岩心片,图3为吸附了纳米颗粒的岩心片表面的SEM照片。从图中可以看出,纳米颗粒在岩心片表面有较好吸附。 Scanning results: Figure 2 is the core slice without nanoparticles, and Figure 3 is the SEM photo of the surface of the core slice with nanoparticles adsorbed. It can be seen from the figure that the nanoparticles are well adsorbed on the surface of the core slice.
接触角测试结果:用OCA30测试了岩心片表面的接触角,结果见图4和图5。图4为未吸附纳米颗粒的岩心片表面的接触角,图5为吸附了纳米颗粒的岩心片表面的接触角。从图中看出,为吸附纳米颗粒前,岩心片表面为强亲水,吸附纳米颗粒后,水滴接触角达126.6°,大于120°,可知该纳米材料对于所给定的区块具有降压增注效果。 Contact angle test results: OCA30 was used to test the contact angle on the surface of the core piece, and the results are shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5. Fig. 4 is the contact angle of the core slice surface without nanoparticles, and Fig. 5 is the contact angle of the core slice surface with nanoparticles adsorbed. It can be seen from the figure that before the adsorption of nanoparticles, the surface of the core piece is strongly hydrophilic. After the adsorption of nanoparticles, the contact angle of water droplets reaches 126.6°, which is greater than 120°. Injection effect.
为了验证本快速评价方法的有效性,用小试纳米进行了岩心流动实验。所用岩心的气测渗透率为16.337mDa,孔隙度为0.098,长为6.69cm,直径为2.5cm。图6为实验所得的压力梯度-流量图。根据扩展达西定律计算可得 ,, 渗透率提高了42.5%,这直接验证了本快速评价方法的有效性。 In order to verify the effectiveness of this rapid evaluation method, a core flow experiment was carried out with a small test nanometer. The gas permeability of the core used is 16.337mDa, the porosity is 0.098, the length is 6.69cm, and the diameter is 2.5cm. Fig. 6 is the pressure gradient-flow diagram obtained in the experiment. According to the extended Darcy's law, we can get , , the permeability increased by 42.5%, which directly verifies the effectiveness of this rapid evaluation method.
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