CN112361423B - Low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of cogeneration unit - Google Patents

Low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of cogeneration unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112361423B
CN112361423B CN202011187654.1A CN202011187654A CN112361423B CN 112361423 B CN112361423 B CN 112361423B CN 202011187654 A CN202011187654 A CN 202011187654A CN 112361423 B CN112361423 B CN 112361423B
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steam
low
measuring device
pressure
pressure cylinder
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CN112361423A (en
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文立斌
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D1/00—Steam central heating systems
    • F24D1/06—Steam central heating systems operating with superheated steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/003—Arrangements for measuring or testing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • F01K17/025—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic in combination with at least one gas turbine, e.g. a combustion gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
    • F22G1/16—Steam superheating characterised by heating method by using a separate heat source independent from heat supply of the steam boiler, e.g. by electricity, by auxiliary combustion of fuel oil
    • F22G1/165—Steam superheating characterised by heating method by using a separate heat source independent from heat supply of the steam boiler, e.g. by electricity, by auxiliary combustion of fuel oil by electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
    • F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D1/00—Steam central heating systems
    • F24D1/08—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1003—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for steam heating systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of a cogeneration unit. The low-pressure steam is lifted to high-pressure steam through the steam turbine component, so that the requirements of heat users with different pressure grades are met, and the heating steam pressure is lifted to enable the unit to have long-distance heating capacity; the design has heating module, detection module and reheating module, can adopt the electric heater heating to heat the intensification when heat supply steam temperature is low, and the steam temperature is adjusted on a large scale in the time of the high temperature water spray desuperheating.

Description

Low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of combined heat and power generation unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat supply and power generation and control and analysis thereof, in particular to a low-pressure steam source boosting and heat supply device of a cogeneration unit.
Background
At present, the optimization of industry and energy structure is proposed, and the consumption of scattered coal and fuel oil is reduced; the method strengthens the emission reduction of main pollutants, accelerates the development of cogeneration and centralized heat supply, utilizes the existing cogeneration units, pure condensing generator sets and low-grade waste heat around cities and industrial parks to implement heat supply transformation, and eliminates a series of requirements such as coal-fired boilers (kilns) in the heat supply and gas supply range.
In order to respond to the requirements of national energy-saving and environment-friendly policies, industrial small boilers are gradually eliminated, peripheral condensing type generator sets are replaced by the industrial small boilers to supply heat and transform, and central heat supply for heat-consuming enterprises is realized by extracting steam from a steam system of the generator sets. However, the heat supply pressure, temperature and flow of the unit which is transformed into the cogeneration unit are related to the steam circulation flow of the steam turbine, and the adjustable change amplitude of the heat supply steam pressure is small. When the steam flow of the steam turbine is large, the steam supply pressure is high, the steam supply flow is large, and when the steam flow of the steam turbine is small, the steam supply pressure is low, and the steam supply flow is small. The steam flow of the steam turbine is directly related to the output of the generator, the output power of the generator is high when the steam flow of the steam turbine is high, and the output power of the generator is low when the steam flow of the steam turbine is low; the result is that the heat supply flow is large, and the power of the generator set is required to be large; the heat supply flow is small, and the power of the generator set is required to be small; under the heat supply working condition of the cogeneration unit, the electric power of the generator unit cannot be flexibly adjusted, and the peak load regulation and valley load filling requirements of a power grid are met; after the large-area cogeneration transformation of the straight condensing steam turbine, the peak shaving unit and the capacity are greatly reduced, and the large-capacity nuclear power unit with base load and the large-scale popularization of clean energy such as wind and light power generation forms with obvious intermittent characteristics remarkably improve the impact on the power grid and endanger the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
To the not enough of current heating motor, this application has set up the heating device that steps up of combined heat and power units low pressure vapour source, reforms transform back generator electric power and heat supply through reinforcing condensing steam type turbo generator set and adjusts the flexibility to reach the purpose that fully improves energy utilization efficiency.
The invention provides a low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of a cogeneration unit.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the steam turbine component comprises a small steam turbine, a compressor exhaust pipe, a compressor exhaust check valve, a small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve and a small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline;
the small steam turbine is connected with the compressor through a speed change gear box, the small steam turbine is connected with the small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline, and the small steam turbine steam inlet governing valve is connected with the head end of the small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline;
the output end of the compressor is connected with the compressor steam exhaust pipe through the compressor steam exhaust check valve.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the heating module comprises a steam header, a front steam main pipe of an electric heater, the electric heater, a steam header outlet check valve and a steam header outlet check valve;
the end of the main steam pipe before the electric heater is connected with the head end of the steam header outlet check valve, the head end of the main steam pipe before the electric heater is connected with the compressor exhaust pipe, the steam header is connected with the electric heater based on the main steam pipe before the electric heater is connected, and the steam header outlet check valve is connected with the steam header.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the reheating module comprises a boiler reheater hot section pipeline and a medium pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve;
the steam inlet pipeline of the small steam turbine is connected with the hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater, and the steam inlet regulating valve of the intermediate pressure cylinder is arranged on the hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater at the downstream of the connection position.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the steam header comprises a safety valve, a steam extraction pipeline and a low-medium pressure cylinder communicated pipe;
the steam extraction pipeline is sequentially provided with a steam extraction stop valve, a steam extraction check valve and a steam extraction regulating valve; and a butterfly valve is arranged on the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe at the downstream of the joint of the steam extraction pipeline and the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe, and the switch of the butterfly valve can control the steam pressure in front of and behind the butterfly valve.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the combined heat and power generation unit further comprises a medium-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder;
and the steam exhaust port of the intermediate pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the low pressure cylinder by the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder communicating pipe.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the electric heater also comprises a rear steam main pipe of the electric heater;
the outlet of the electric heater is connected with the rear steam main pipe of the electric heater, and the rear steam main pipe of the electric heater is provided with a water spraying desuperheater.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the detection module comprises a hot section steam temperature measuring device, a hot section steam pressure measuring device, an electric heater front steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device, an electric heater front steam main pipe steam pressure measuring device, a steam header temperature measuring device, a steam header pressure measuring device, a medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe steam temperature measuring device, a monitoring system, a low pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device and a heat supply steam temperature measuring device;
steam in a hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater enters the small steam turbine through the small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline and the small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve, the entering steam drives the small steam turbine to rotate, the steam driving the small steam turbine to rotate enters the steam header through the small steam turbine steam outlet pipe and the small steam turbine steam outlet check valve, the rotating small steam turbine drives the compressor to rotate together, the rotating compressor sucks the steam in the steam header, the sucked steam enters the compressor through the compressor steam inlet pipe and the compressor steam inlet regulating valve, the sucked steam is subjected to adiabatic compression and pressure rise through the compressor, and the boosted steam enters the steam main pipe in front of the electric heater through the compressor steam outlet pipe and the compressor steam outlet check valve; the steam header is connected with the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe through the steam extraction pipeline;
the working process of the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit comprises the following steps:
preparation work: before the unit is charged with power load, the small steam turbine and the compressor are not put into operation, and the steam inlet regulating valve of the small steam turbine and the steam inlet regulating valve of the compressor are kept in a closed state; the steam extraction stop valve and the steam extraction regulating valve are also kept in a closed state, and the steam extraction pipeline has no steam flow;
and (3) starting operation: the unit normally operates and is provided with an electric power load, and the opening of the butterfly valve is gradually reduced to improve the exhaust pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder to reach a required value P Middle row 0 ，P Middle row 0 The steam pressure measuring device of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe performs real-time test display and observes real-time test display values of the steam temperature measuring device of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe and the steam exhaust temperature measuring device of the low pressure cylinderThe opening of the butterfly valve can regulate the steam temperature of the communication pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder and the exhaust steam temperature of the low pressure cylinder;
draining accumulated water in the pipeline: the exhaust pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder reaches the required value P Middle row 0 Then, fully opening the steam extraction stop valve, opening the opening degree of the steam extraction regulating valve to be 5-10%, opening a drainage stop valve to drain a water pipe through a drainage water pipe, and performing drainage and heating on a pipeline system through which heat supply steam is about to flow by adopting the same method until accumulated water in the pipeline is drained and the heat supply pipeline system is close to the steam temperature;
starting the small turbine and the compressor: the small steam turbine and the compressor have starting conditions, the steam extraction regulating valve and the compressor steam inlet regulating valve are fully opened, and the small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve is opened;
adjusting the output of hot steam: opening a heat supply regulating valve to enable heat supply steam to flow through an electric heater, and automatically commissioning the electric heater when a steam temperature measuring device of a steam main pipe in front of the electric heater is close to a steam temperature measuring device of a communicating pipe between a middle-low pressure cylinder; the opening of the heat supply regulating valve is regulated to meet the steam quantity requirement of a heat-using enterprise;
keeping the total amount of the circulating working medium of the thermodynamic system of the generator set unchanged;
stabilizing the steam output pressure and temperature;
and (3) suspending steam output: when heat is used and no steam is needed, the opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve of the small steam turbine is closed gradually due to the rising of steam supply pressure, and the steam extraction regulating valve, the steam inlet regulating valve of the compressor and the steam extraction stop valve are closed after the steam inlet regulating valve of the steam turbine is closed;
and the heating system quits operation.
The hot section steam temperature measuring device and the hot section steam pressure measuring device are arranged in a hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater; the steam temperature measuring device of the front steam main pipe of the electric heater and the steam pressure measuring device of the front steam main pipe of the electric heater are arranged in the front steam main pipe of the electric heater; the steam header temperature measuring device and the steam header pressure measuring device are arranged in the steam header; the steam temperature measuring device of the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe and the steam pressure measuring device of the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe are arranged on the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe; the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device is arranged in the low-pressure cylinder.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects: the compressor raises low-pressure steam into high-pressure steam to meet the requirements of heat users with different pressure grades, and the raising of the heating steam pressure enables the unit to have long-distance heating capacity; the design has an electric heater and a water spraying temperature reducing device, and the electric heater can be adopted to heat and raise the temperature when the temperature of the heat supply steam is low, and the water spraying temperature reducing device can spray water and reduce the temperature when the temperature is high, so that the steam temperature can be adjusted in a large range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of a cogeneration unit;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit.
Specifically, the system comprises a generator (1), a low-pressure cylinder water spray temperature reducing device (2), a condenser vacuum measuring device (3), a circulating water inlet pipe (4), a circulating water inlet pipe (5), a cooling water source condensate pump (6), a condensate water check valve (7), a condensate water main pipe (8), a regenerative system (9), a condensate water isolation valve (10), a condensate water regulating valve (11), a water spray temperature reducing pipeline (12), a condenser (13), a condenser vacuum pump (14), a high-pressure cylinder (15), an intermediate-pressure cylinder (16), an intermediate-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (17), a boiler reheater hot section pipeline (18), a hot section steam temperature measuring device (19), a hot section steam pressure measuring device (20), a small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline (21), a monitoring system (22), a small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve (23), a small steam turbine (24), a compressor (25), a temperature measuring device (19), a temperature measuring device (a temperature) of the steam of the hot section, a steam pressure measuring device and a steam pressure measuring device, The system comprises a medium-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (26), a medium-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe steam pressure measuring device (27), a medium-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe steam temperature measuring device (28), a steam extraction stop valve (29), a steam extraction check valve (30), a steam extraction regulating valve (31), a steam extraction pipeline (32), a butterfly valve (33), a low-pressure cylinder (34), a steam header (35), a safety valve (36), a small turbine steam exhaust check valve (37), a small turbine steam exhaust pipe (38), a compressor steam inlet pipe (39), a compressor steam inlet regulating valve (40), a steam header temperature measuring device (41), a steam header pressure measuring device (42), a steam header outlet check valve (43), a compressor steam exhaust pipe (44), a compressor steam exhaust check valve (45), an electric heater front steam header steam temperature measuring device (46), an electric heater front steam header steam pressure measuring device (47), The system comprises an electric heater front steam main pipe (48), an electric heater (49), an electric heater rear steam main pipe (50), a water spray desuperheater (51), a desuperheating water regulating valve (52), a heat supply steam temperature measuring device (53), a heat supply steam pressure measuring device (54), a heat supply regulating valve (55), a desuperheating water pipeline (56), a desuperheating water isolating valve (57), a low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device (58), a drainage water stop valve (60), a drainage water pipeline (59), a replenishing water tank (61), a replenishing water stop valve (62), a replenishing water regulating valve (63) and a replenishing water pipeline (64).
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of a cogeneration unit according to the present invention; fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit.
Specifically, the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit disclosed by the experimental embodiment of the invention comprises a small-sized steam turbine (24), a compressor (25), a butterfly valve (33), an electric heater (49), a water spray desuperheater (51), a steam header (35), a low-pressure cylinder water spray desuperheater (2), a supplementary water tank (59), a monitoring system (22), a safety valve (36), a temperature measuring device, a pressure measuring device, a regulating valve, an isolating valve, a check valve and a pipeline.
Specifically, the small-sized turbine (24) is connected with the compressor (25) through a speed change gear box, the small-sized turbine (24) rotates to drive the compressor (25) to rotate together, the small-sized turbine (24) is connected with a small-sized turbine steam inlet pipeline (21), the small-sized turbine steam inlet pipeline (21) is connected with a boiler reheater hot section pipeline (18), a hot section steam temperature measuring device (19) and a hot section steam pressure measuring device (20) are installed on the boiler reheater hot section pipeline (18) on the upstream of the connection, and an intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (17) is installed on the boiler reheater hot section pipeline (18) on the downstream of the connection; steam in a hot section pipeline (18) of a boiler reheater can enter a small steam turbine (24) through a small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline (21) and a small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve (23), the entered steam drives the small steam turbine (24) to rotate, the steam driving the small steam turbine (24) to rotate enters a steam header (35) through a small steam turbine steam exhaust pipe (38) and a small steam turbine steam exhaust check valve (37), the rotating small steam turbine (24) drives a compressor (25) to rotate together, the rotating compressor (25) sucks the steam in the steam header (35), the sucked steam enters the compressor (25) through a compressor steam inlet pipe (39) and a compressor steam inlet regulating valve (40), the sucked steam is subjected to adiabatic compression and pressure boosting through the compressor (25), the boosted steam enters a front steam main pipe (48) of an electric heater through a compressor steam exhaust pipe (44) and a compressor steam exhaust check valve (45), a pipeline connecting the steam header (35) and the electric heater (49) is an electric heater front steam main pipe (48), and a steam header outlet check valve (43) is arranged on the electric heater front steam main pipe (48) between the intersection of the compressor steam exhaust pipe (44) and the electric heater front steam main pipe (48) and the steam header (35); a steam temperature measuring device (46) of the front steam main pipe of the electric heater and a steam pressure measuring device (47) of the front steam main pipe of the electric heater are arranged on the front steam main pipe (48) of the electric heater between the junction of the steam exhaust pipe (44) of the compressor and the front steam main pipe (48) of the electric heater and the electric heater (49); when the pressure of the steam header is greater than the steam pressure of the front steam main pipe (48) of the electric heater, the heat supply steam can be conveyed to the front steam main pipe (48) of the electric heater through the steam header outlet check valve (43), and when the pressure of the steam header is less than the steam pressure of the front steam main pipe (48) of the electric heater, the steam header outlet check valve (43) prevents the steam from being conveyed to the steam header (35) from the front steam main pipe (48) of the electric heater; specifically, a safety valve (36), a steam header temperature measuring device (41) and a steam header pressure measuring device (42) are arranged on the steam header (35), and the steam header (35) is connected with a low-medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe (26) through a steam extraction pipeline (32); the steam extraction pipeline (32) is sequentially provided with a steam extraction stop valve (29), a steam extraction check valve (30) and a steam extraction regulating valve (31); a butterfly valve (33) is arranged on the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe (26) at the downstream of the connection part of the steam extraction pipeline (32) and the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe (26), the steam pressure in the steam extraction pipeline (32) at the upstream of the butterfly valve (33) can be controlled by the switch of the butterfly valve (33), when the butterfly valve (33) is closed, the steam pressure in the steam extraction pipeline (32) at the upstream of the butterfly valve (33) is increased, when the butterfly valve (33) is closed, the steam pressure in the steam extraction pipeline (33) at the rear of the butterfly valve (33) is reduced, and when the butterfly valve (33) is opened, the steam pressure is opposite; and a steam temperature measuring device (28) of the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe and a steam pressure measuring device (27) of the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe are arranged on the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe (26) at the upstream of the connection part of the steam extraction pipeline (32) and the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe (26).
Specifically, the steam exhaust port of the intermediate pressure cylinder (16) is connected with the inlet of the low pressure cylinder (34) by the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (26);
specifically, the safety valve (36) acts when the steam header (35) is in overpressure, steam in the steam header (35) is discharged to the air, and the steam header (35) is prevented from being damaged due to overpressure;
specifically, the electric heater (49) is powered by a 380V alternating current power supply, a plurality of groups of resistance type heating devices can be adopted, the outlet of the electric heater (49) is connected with a rear steam main pipe (50) of the electric heater, a water spraying desuperheater (51) is installed on the rear steam main pipe (50) of the electric heater, and a heat supply steam temperature measuring device (53), a heat supply steam pressure measuring device (54) and a heat supply regulating valve (55) are sequentially installed on the rear steam main pipe (50) of the electric heater behind the water spraying desuperheater (51);
specifically, cooling water of the water spray desuperheater (51) comes from a condensed water main pipe (8) at an outlet of a condensed water pump (6), and condensed water is obtained by punching and connecting a pipe section behind a condensed water check valve (7); when the temperature of the heating steam is over-temperature and the water needs to be sprayed for temperature reduction, the temperature reduction water isolation valve (57) is fully opened, and after the temperature reduction water regulating valve (52) is opened, the condensed water is cooled to the heating steam through the temperature reduction water pipeline (56);
specifically, cooling water of the low-pressure cylinder water spraying temperature reducing device (2) comes from a condensate water main pipe (8) at an outlet of a condensate pump (6), and condensate water is obtained by punching and connecting a pipe section behind a condensate water check valve (7); when the last-stage blade of the low-pressure cylinder is overtemperature and requires water spraying and temperature reduction, the condensate isolation valve (10) is fully opened, and after the condensate adjusting valve (11) is opened, the condensate is sprayed to the steam chamber of the last-stage blade of the low-pressure cylinder through the water spraying and temperature reduction pipeline (12) to reduce the temperature;
the low-pressure cylinder water spraying temperature reduction device (2) is arranged in a steam chamber of a rear cavity of a last-stage blade of the low-pressure cylinder (34); when the monitoring system (22) monitors that the display value of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device (58) exceeds the limit, the butterfly valve (33) is put into use when being fully opened or jammed and cannot be normally opened, and the butterfly valve is used as a protective barrier when the last-stage blade of the low-pressure cylinder exceeds the temperature;
specifically, the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder (34) enters a condenser (13), steam in the condenser (13) is cooled by circulating water and then condensed into water, the circulating water enters the condenser (13) from a circulating water inlet pipe (5) and then flows out from a circulating water inlet pipe (4), and heat released by steam condensation in the condenser (13) is taken away; the gas which cannot be condensed in the condenser (13) after being cooled by the circulating water is pumped out by a condenser vacuum pump (14) and discharged to the atmosphere, the steam pressure in a cavity of the condenser (13) is measured by a condenser vacuum measuring device (3), and a sampling pipe of the condenser vacuum measuring device (3) is arranged at the throat part of a steam inlet of the condenser (13);
the supplementing water tank (61) is connected with a water chamber of the condenser (13) through a supplementing water pipeline (64) sequentially through a supplementing water stop valve (62) and a supplementing water regulating valve (63), and the supplementing working medium is supplemented to the cogeneration unit;
specifically, the monitoring system (22) is connected with measuring devices such as temperature (19, 28, 41, 46, 53, 58), pressure (3, 20, 27, 42, 47, 54) and the like through signal lines, so that the online monitoring of the unit operation data is realized; the switch control and regulation functions of the relevant valves are realized by connecting the signal lines with the isolation valves (10, 29, 57 and 60) and the regulating valves (11, 23, 31, 40, 52, 55 and 61);
specifically, the temperature measuring devices (19, 28, 41, 46, 53, 58) adopt E-type thermocouples, and the pressure measuring devices (3, 20, 27, 42, 47, 54) adopt EJA or Rosemoun series pressure transducers, so that the conversion of temperature and pressure signals into electric signals is realized respectively;
furthermore, the type E thermocouple has the characteristics that: the large thermoelectromotive force and the high sensitivity belong to the most suitable thermocouples for making thermopiles to measure small temperature variations. The sensitivity is high, but the corrosion of the high-humidity atmosphere is not very sensitive, and the method is suitable for being used in a low-humidity environment. The thermocouple also has the advantages of good stability, better oxidation resistance than copper-constantan and iron-constantan thermocouples, low price and the like, can be used in oxidizing and inert atmosphere and is widely adopted.
Specifically, the monitoring system (22) is used for converting temperature, pressure, valve opening and other electrical signals into digital quantities after being accessed through signal lines, so that the functions of calculation and control are realized;
specifically, the isolation valves (10, 29, 57, 60, 62) adopt bellows stop valves;
furthermore, the bellows stop valve is also called a bellows seal stop valve, and a metal barrier is formed between a fluid medium and the atmosphere through automatic roll welding, so that the design of zero leakage of the valve rod is ensured.
Characteristics of bellows shut-off valve:
1. if the corrugated pipe fails, the valve rod packing can avoid leakage and accords with the international sealing standard;
2. no fluid loss exists, energy loss is reduced, and the safety of factory equipment is improved;
3. the service life is long, the maintenance frequency is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced;
4. the firm and durable bellows seal design ensures zero leakage of the valve rod and provides a condition without maintenance;
5. the sealing performance of the valve is improved by adopting a ptfe soft sealing material for the gas medium valve seat;
6. the valve seat is hard sealed by a conical surface and resists high temperature which is less than or equal to 425 ℃. Achieving the air tightness and zero leakage.
Specifically, the monitoring system (22) adopts an OVATION decentralized control system;
furthermore, the advantage of the Ovation system adopts the mainstream and standardized products in the market, such as Oracle database, CAD software and the like, which greatly facilitates the learning and use of users, and has sufficient expansibility to protect the investment of users. The system adopts a completely peer-to-peer network structure, and overcomes the defects of master-slave dependence of the network such as a client/server and the like. The module density is low, the module channels, the channels and the ground, and the channel system are all isolated by 1000VAC/DC high voltage, and the damage rate of the module is very low. The software adopts an SAMA picture mode, so that the humanization degree is good, and the user can easily master and master the software. The OVATION system is good in public praise of users in China, timely in after-sale service and high in system stability.
Specifically, the regulating valves (11, 23, 31, 40, 52, 55, 63) adopt pneumatic regulating valves or electric regulating valves;
specifically, the regulating valves (17, 23) adopt hydraulic regulating valves;
specifically, the check valves (7, 30, 37, 43 and 45) are stainless steel horizontal check valves;
further, the stainless steel horizontal check valve only allows the medium to flow in one direction, and prevents the fluid from flowing backwards in the pipeline. Typically such valves are self-actuating, with the flap opening under the pressure of a fluid flowing in one direction; when the fluid flows in the opposite direction, the valve flap is combined by the fluid pressure and the self-weight of the valve flap to act on the valve seat, thereby cutting off the flow. Of these, the internal screw check valves, butterfly check valves are of the type that include swing check valves and lift check valves. The swing check valve has a hinge mechanism and a flap like a door that freely rests on an inclined valve seat surface. In order to ensure that the valve flap reaches the proper position of the valve seat surface each time, the valve flap is designed in the hinge mechanism so that the valve flap has enough swing-open space and is actually and completely contacted with the valve seat. The valve flap can be made of metal completely, or leather, rubber or synthetic covering can be embedded on the metal, depending on the requirements of service performance. The swing check valve is in a fully open condition, with little obstruction to fluid pressure, and therefore a relatively small pressure drop across the valve. The valve clack of the lift check valve is located on the sealing surface of the valve seat on the valve body. The valve is the same as a shut-off valve except that the valve flap can be lifted freely, the fluid pressure lifts the valve flap from the sealing surface of the valve seat, the medium flows back to cause the valve flap to fall back onto the valve seat, and the flow is cut off. According to the use condition, the valve clack can be of an all-metal structure, and can also be in a form that a rubber pad or a rubber ring is embedded on a valve clack frame. Like the check valve, the passage of fluid through the lift check valve is also narrow, so that the pressure drop through the lift check valve is greater than that of the swing check valve, and the flow rate of the swing check valve is less restricted.
The embodiment is a 300 MW heat supply unit, and the steam turbine is a subcritical, once intermediate reheating, two-cylinder two-steam-discharge and condensing steam turbine, and the model is as follows: n300-16.7/538/538-9; all references to pressure (or vacuum) are absolute pressures. The steam supply pressure of the heat utilization enterprise is required to be 1.3MPa and 380 ℃. From the main design parameters of the unit, the steam discharge parameters (0.742 MPa and 323.7 ℃) of the intermediate pressure cylinder are close to the heat supply parameters, and therefore the method is adopted.
The low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit comprises the following steps:
s101: preparation work before the unit operates; (990)
s102: the unit starts to operate; (991)
s103: draining away the accumulated water in the pipeline; (992)
s104: starting the small turbine and the compressor; (993)
s105: adjusting the output quantity of the hot steam; (994)
s106: keeping the total amount of the circulating working medium of the thermodynamic system of the generator set unchanged; (995)
s107: stabilizing the steam output pressure and temperature; (996)
s108: suspending steam output; (997)
s109: and the heating system quits operation. (998)
The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, the step S101: preparation work before the unit operates, (990);
before the unit is charged with power load, the small turbine (24) and the compressor (25) are not put into operation, and the small turbine steam inlet regulating valve (23) and the compressor steam inlet regulating valve (40) are kept in a closed state; the steam extraction stop valve (29) and the steam extraction regulating valve (31) are also kept in a closed state, and the steam extraction pipeline (32) has no steam flow;
secondly, the step S102: the unit starts to operate, (991);
the unit normally operates and is provided with an electric power load, the opening degree of a butterfly valve (33) is gradually reduced to lift the exhaust steam pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder to reach a required value P Middle row 0 (example is 0.5 MPa), P Middle row 0 The steam pressure measuring device (27) of the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe is used for testing and displaying in real time, real-time testing display values of the steam temperature measuring device (28) of the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe and the exhaust steam temperature measuring device (58) of the low pressure cylinder are observed, the real-time testing display value of the steam temperature measuring device (28) of the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe is controlled to be less than 350 ℃, and the real-time testing display value of the exhaust steam temperature measuring device (58) of the low pressure cylinder is controlled to be less than 65 ℃; the opening of the butterfly valve (33) can regulate the steam temperature of the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe and the exhaust steam temperature of the low-pressure cylinder, and when the opening of the butterfly valve (33) is large, the temperature is reduced, and when the opening of the butterfly valve is small, the temperature is increased; when the butterfly valve (33) is fully opened in the low-power load period of the unit, the real-time test of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust temperature measuring device (58) shows that the value is still greater than 65 ℃, the condensed water isolation valve (10) and the condensed water regulating valve (11) can be opened, and water is sprayed to a steam chamber of a last stage blade of the condenser through the water spraying temperature reducing pipeline (12) for temperature reduction;
thirdly, the step S103: the drainage pipe is accumulated with water (992);
the exhaust pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder reaches the required value P Middle row 0 (example is 0.5 MPa), fully opening the steam extraction stop valve (29), opening the steam extraction regulating valve (31) to 5-10%, opening the drainage water stop valve (60), draining water through the drainage water pipe (59), and draining water through the pipeline system through which the heating steam is about to flow by the same method until the heat is accumulated in the pipelineThe water is drained and the heat supply pipe system is close to the steam temperature;
fourthly, the S104: starting a small turbine and compressor (993);
the small-sized steam turbine (24) and the compressor (25) have starting conditions, the steam extraction regulating valve (31) and the compressor steam inlet regulating valve (40) are fully opened, the small-sized steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve (23) is opened, the small-sized steam turbine (24) is driven by steam to drive the compressor (25) to run together, and exhaust steam of the small-sized steam turbine (24) enters the steam header (35) and is mixed with the steam from the steam extraction pipeline (32) to be used as a steam source of heat supply steam; the opening degree of a steam inlet regulating valve (23) of the small steam turbine is automatically regulated in real time to maintain the steam supply pressure to be 1.3MPa, and the steam supply pressure is measured by a steam pressure measuring device (47) of a front steam main pipe of the electric heater;
fifthly, the step S105: regulating the hot steam output (994);
opening a heat supply regulating valve (55) to enable heat supply steam to flow through an electric heater (49), and automatically operating the electric heater (49) to enable a heat supply steam temperature measuring device (53) to display a value of 380 ℃ when a steam temperature measuring device (28) of a communicating pipe between a steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device (46) in front of the electric heater and a medium-low pressure cylinder approaches; at the moment, the opening of the heat supply regulating valve (55) can be adjusted to meet the steam quantity requirement of a heat consuming enterprise;
sixthly, the S106: keeping the total amount of the circulating working medium of the thermodynamic system of the generator set unchanged; (995)
during the steam heat supply process is carried to the outside to the unit, generating set thermodynamic system cycle fluid will reduce, and the water level in condenser (13) will reduce, accessible make-up water stop valve (62) that opens entirely, opens make-up water governing valve (63) and carry the generating set thermodynamic system through make-up water pipeline (64) with the condensate water in the make-up water tank (61), keeps generating set thermodynamic system cycle fluid total amount unchangeable.
Seventhly, the S107: stabilizing the steam output pressure and temperature; (996) wherein the temperature-reducing water isolation valve and the temperature-reducing water regulating valve are included;
when the flow rate of the turbine of the unit is low, the steam amount flowing through the small turbine is large, and the steam of the steam source of the heating steam is excessive, the display value of the heating steam temperature measuring device is larger than 380 ℃, and the heating temperature is maintained at 380 ℃ based on the desuperheating water isolation valve and the desuperheating water regulating valve.
When the flow rate of a turbine of a unit is low, the steam amount flowing through a small turbine (24) is large, and the steam source of the heating steam comes from a large amount of steam in a pipeline (18) of a hot section of an electric heater of a boiler, the display value of a heating steam temperature measuring device (53) is larger than 380 ℃, at the moment, a temperature-reducing water isolation valve (57) can be fully opened, a temperature-reducing water adjusting valve (52) is opened and is automatically switched on, and then the heating steam can be cooled and maintained at 380 ℃;
eighthly, the step S108: suspending steam output; (997)
when the heat-consuming enterprises have no steam demand, the small steam turbine is closed based on the small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve, the steam extraction regulating valve, the compressor steam inlet regulating valve and the steam extraction stop valve.
When heat is used and no steam is needed, the steam supply pressure measured and displayed by a steam main pipe steam pressure measuring device (47) in front of the electric heater rises, the opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve (23) of the small steam turbine is automatically adjusted in real time to maintain the steam supply pressure to be 1.3MPa, the opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve (23) of the small steam turbine is closed gradually due to the rising of the steam supply pressure, and the steam extraction regulating valve (31), the steam inlet regulating valve (40) of the compressor and the steam extraction stop valve (29) are closed after the steam inlet regulating valve (23) of the steam turbine is closed;
ninthly, S109: and the heating system quits operation. (998)
The heat supply system quits operation, and the unit enters live power operation.
The specification of the steam turbine is D300S, the type of the steam turbine is subcritical, one-time intermediate reheating, two-cylinder two-steam-discharge and condensing type steam turbine, the rated main throttle front pressure is 16.7 MPa, the rated main throttle front temperature is 538 ℃, the rated reheating throttle pressure is 3.3 MPa, the rated reheating throttle front temperature is 538 ℃, the rated high-pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure is 3.66 MPa, the rated high-pressure cylinder steam discharge temperature is 321.6 ℃, the rated main steam flow is 920.924 t/h, the nameplate power (TRL) is 300 MW, the rated intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge pressure is 0.742 MPa, the rated intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge temperature is 323.7 ℃, the model of the small steam turbine is B1.5-3.43/0.49, and the model of the compressor is a multistage centrifugal steam compressor.
According to the small steam turbine driven compressor, the compressor lifts low-pressure steam into high-pressure steam, so that the requirements of heat users with different pressure grades are met, and the heating steam pressure is increased to enable the unit to have long-distance heating capacity; the electric heater and the water spraying temperature reducing device are designed, the electric heater can be used for heating and temperature rising when the temperature of the heating steam is low, the water spraying temperature reducing device can be used for spraying water and reducing the temperature when the temperature is high, and the steam temperature can be adjusted in a large range. The method can effectively solve the problem that parameters such as through-flow steam pressure and temperature of a steam extraction port of the steam turbine can be flexibly adjusted under the condition that the user requirements cannot be met, so that the parameters of the heat supply steam can reach the requirements of a heat user, and the method does not depend on increasing the steam flow of the steam turbine by improving the electric power of a generator set to enhance the steam supply capacity of the generator set, so that the flexibility of greatly adjusting the electric power of the generator is improved, the heat supply requirement is met, and the method can adapt to the obvious peak-load-adjusting function of a power grid with large-scale wind power, photoelectric and other clearance type characteristics.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device for a cogeneration unit, and a specific embodiment of the device is used herein to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a combined heat and power generation unit low pressure steam source heating device that steps up which characterized in that: the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit comprises a steam turbine component, a heating module, a detection module and a reheating module;
the steam turbine component comprises a small steam turbine, a compressor exhaust pipe, a compressor exhaust check valve, a small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve and a small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline;
the small steam turbine is connected with the compressor through a speed change gear box, the small steam turbine is connected with a small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline, and a small steam turbine steam inlet throttle is connected with the head end of the small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline;
the output end of the compressor is connected with the compressor steam exhaust pipe through the compressor steam exhaust check valve;
the detection module comprises a hot section steam temperature measuring device, a hot section steam pressure measuring device, an electric heater front steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device, an electric heater front steam main pipe steam pressure measuring device, a steam header temperature measuring device, a steam header pressure measuring device, a medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe steam temperature measuring device, a monitoring system, a low pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device and a heat supply steam temperature measuring device;
the heating module comprises a steam header, an electric heater front steam main pipe, an electric heater, a steam header outlet check valve and a steam header outlet check valve;
the tail end of the steam main pipe in front of the electric heater is connected with the head end of the steam header outlet check valve, the head end of the steam main pipe in front of the electric heater is connected with the compressor exhaust pipe, the steam header is connected with the electric heater based on the steam main pipe in front of the electric heater, and the steam header outlet check valve is connected with the steam header;
the reheating module comprises a boiler reheater hot section pipeline and a medium pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve;
the steam inlet pipeline of the small steam turbine is connected with the hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater, and the steam inlet regulating valve of the intermediate pressure cylinder is arranged on the hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater at the downstream of the connection position;
the steam header comprises a safety valve, a steam extraction pipeline and a medium-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe;
the steam extraction pipeline is sequentially provided with a steam extraction stop valve, a steam extraction check valve and a steam extraction regulating valve; a butterfly valve is arranged on the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe at the downstream of the connection part of the steam extraction pipeline and the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe, and the switch of the butterfly valve can control the steam pressure in front of and behind the butterfly valve;
the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit further comprises a middle pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder;
the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with the low-pressure cylinder through a low-pressure cylinder communicated pipe;
steam in a hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater enters the small steam turbine through the small steam turbine steam inlet pipeline and the small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve, the entering steam drives the small steam turbine to rotate, the steam driving the small steam turbine to rotate enters the steam header through the small steam turbine steam outlet pipe and the small steam turbine steam outlet check valve, the rotating small steam turbine drives the compressor to rotate together, the rotating compressor sucks the steam in the steam header, the sucked steam enters the compressor through the compressor steam inlet pipe and the compressor steam inlet regulating valve, the sucked steam is subjected to adiabatic compression and pressure rise through the compressor, and the boosted steam enters the steam main pipe in front of the electric heater through the compressor steam outlet pipe and the compressor steam outlet check valve; the steam header is connected with the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe through the steam extraction pipeline;
the working process of the low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit comprises the following steps:
preparation work: before the unit is charged with power load, the small steam turbine and the compressor are not put into operation, and the steam inlet regulating valve of the small steam turbine and the steam inlet regulating valve of the compressor are kept in a closed state; the steam extraction stop valve and the steam extraction regulating valve are also kept in a closed state, and the steam extraction pipeline has no steam flow;
and (3) starting operation: the unit normally operates and is provided with an electric power load, and the opening of the butterfly valve is gradually reduced to improve the exhaust pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder to reach a required value P Middle row 0 ，P Middle row 0 The steam pressure measuring device of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is used for real-time test and display and observing the steam temperature measuring device of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipeAnd a real-time test display value of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device, wherein the opening of the butterfly valve can regulate the steam temperature of the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe and the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature;
draining accumulated water in a pipeline: the exhaust pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder reaches the required value P Middle row 0 Then, fully opening the steam extraction stop valve, opening the opening degree of the steam extraction regulating valve to be 5-10%, opening a drainage stop valve to drain a water pipe through a drainage water pipe, and performing drainage and heating on a pipeline system through which heat supply steam is about to flow by adopting the same method until accumulated water in the pipeline is drained and the heat supply pipeline system is close to the steam temperature;
starting the small turbine and the compressor: the small steam turbine and the compressor have starting conditions, the steam extraction regulating valve and the compressor steam inlet regulating valve are fully opened, and the small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve is opened;
adjusting the output of hot steam: opening a heat supply regulating valve to enable heat supply steam to flow through an electric heater, and automatically putting the electric heater into operation when a steam temperature measuring device of a steam main pipe in front of the electric heater is close to a steam temperature measuring device of a communicating pipe between a middle-low pressure cylinder; the opening of the heat supply regulating valve is adjusted to meet the steam quantity requirement of a heat using enterprise;
keeping the total amount of the circulating working medium of the thermodynamic system of the generator set unchanged;
stabilizing the steam output pressure and temperature;
and (3) suspending steam output: when heat is used and no steam is needed, the opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve of the small steam turbine is closed gradually due to the rising of steam supply pressure, and the steam extraction regulating valve, the steam inlet regulating valve of the compressor and the steam extraction stop valve are closed after the steam inlet regulating valve of the steam turbine is closed;
and the heating system quits operation.
2. The low-pressure steam source boosting and heating device of the cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric heater also comprises an electric heater rear steam main pipe;
the outlet of the electric heater is connected with the rear steam main pipe of the electric heater, and the rear steam main pipe of the electric heater is provided with a water spraying desuperheater.
3. A cogeneration unit low pressure steam source boost heating apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the hot section steam temperature measuring device and the hot section steam pressure measuring device are arranged in a hot section pipeline of the boiler reheater; the steam temperature measuring device of the front steam main pipe of the electric heater and the steam pressure measuring device of the front steam main pipe of the electric heater are arranged in the front steam main pipe of the electric heater; the steam header temperature measuring device and the steam header pressure measuring device are arranged in the steam header; the steam temperature measuring device of the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe and the steam pressure measuring device of the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe are arranged on the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe; the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device is arranged in the low-pressure cylinder.
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