CN112360419A - Small-displacement energy supplementing and large-displacement fracturing continuous fracturing string and fracturing method - Google Patents
Small-displacement energy supplementing and large-displacement fracturing continuous fracturing string and fracturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112360419A CN112360419A CN202011276410.0A CN202011276410A CN112360419A CN 112360419 A CN112360419 A CN 112360419A CN 202011276410 A CN202011276410 A CN 202011276410A CN 112360419 A CN112360419 A CN 112360419A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 22
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 20
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000015111 chews Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a small-displacement energy-supplementing and large-displacement fracturing continuous fracturing string and a fracturing method. The invention integrates the small-displacement preposed energy compensation and the large-displacement volume fracturing into a whole in the repeated fracturing process, simultaneously realizes the aims of effectively supplementing the formation energy before fracturing, expanding the reconstruction volume and the complexity of the reservoir, improving the yield of a single well and reducing the decrease after the measure, can also realize one-time drilling continuous operation, and simultaneously reduces the possible safety and environmental protection accident risk in the optical casing fracturing construction process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tools and fracturing for underground operation in oil field development, and particularly relates to a fracturing string and a fracturing method for continuous operation of small-displacement energy compensation and large-displacement fracturing.
Background
The existing ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs in the Ordos basin are influenced by poor physical properties and micro-crack development, the well pattern is mainly quick to water-logging of an oil well, and the lateral oil well displacement system is slow to establish, which is characterized by low pressure maintaining level and quick decrement of single well productivity. In recent years, some recognition has been achieved through bi-directional remediation of water and oil wells: firstly, through measures such as enhanced water injection, fine water injection, water shutoff and profile control of a water injection well and the like, the water drive of an oil reservoir plane and a profile is adjusted, so that the energy of a reservoir stratum of a lateral oil well is recovered to a certain extent, but the establishment of a part of well displacement systems is still slow; and the volume fracturing process result of the oil well shows that the yield increasing effect of the low-permeability oil reservoir lateral oil well has a close relation with the reservoir transformation volume and the stratum energy maintaining level. For an oil well with a higher pressure maintaining level (more than or equal to 85 percent), the volume fracturing can form a complex fracture network, so that the aims of increasing the fracture bandwidth and reducing the water flooding radius are fulfilled, and the measure yield increasing effect is better; however, for an oil well with a low pressure maintaining level (less than 85%), the two-way stress difference between a low-pressure zone and a high-pressure zone formed around the primary fracture is large, complex fractures are difficult to form, the fractures mainly extend in a low-pressure area, the fracture bandwidth is small,the yield increase amplitude is limited; thirdly, along with the prolonging of the production time of the oil well, the sleeve of the oil well which is sleeved with the sleeve is corroded, damaged and deformed to different degrees, and the risk of site safety and environmental protection accidents is larger by adopting the fracturing construction of the optical sleeve; fourthly, conventional 31/2 ”The combination of the oil pipe and the straight nozzle sub-pipe column is difficult to realize the continuous operation of small-displacement energy compensation and large-displacement fracturing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low single-well productivity and high construction risk of a light sleeve of the conventional low-pressure lateral oil well, the invention provides a fracturing string and a fracturing method for continuous operation of small-displacement pre-setting energy and large-displacement volume fracturing, which integrate small-displacement pre-setting energy and large-displacement volume fracturing into a whole in the repeated fracturing process, realize continuous operation of one drill, improve the single-well yield and improve the water drive effect of a low-permeability reservoir.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a little discharge capacity can be mended and big discharge capacity fracturing string of being even done, includes hydraulic anchor, packer, sand blaster, directly chews son and connecting oil pipe, connecting oil pipe include first connecting pipe, second connecting pipe and third connecting pipe, directly chew son upper end and be connected with the sand blaster through first connecting pipe, packer and sand blaster pass through the second connecting pipe and be connected, packer upper end and hydraulic anchor be connected, the hydraulic anchor be connected with the fracturing well head through the third connecting pipe, the internal hole diameter of hydraulic anchor, packer and sand blaster all is greater than the diameter of directly chewing son.
The diameter of the third connecting pipe is 31/2And more than in, the diameters of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are the same and are less than or equal to the diameter of the third connecting pipe, and the length of the first connecting pipe is 1 m.
The diameter of the straight nozzle is 10-40 mm.
The packer is a K344 packer.
The sand blaster is a sliding sleeve type sand blaster, and the diameter of a nozzle of the sliding sleeve type sand blaster is 30-43 mm.
A fracturing method for a fracturing string by combining small-displacement energy compensation and large-displacement fracturing, which comprises the following steps:
step one, assembling a fracturing string: the third connecting pipe column, the hydraulic anchor, the packer, the second connecting pipe column, the sand blaster, the first connecting pipe column and the straight nozzle are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
step two, pressing and cracking the pipe column: lowering the fracturing string to a preset position of a target reservoir;
step three, setting, namely injecting oil displacement type fracturing fluid into a target layer with small displacement to supplement and promote the formation energy around the crack;
lifting the discharge capacity and opening the sand blaster to realize that the sand blaster and the straight nose simultaneously discharge liquid;
step five, performing large-discharge volume fracturing on the target interval, and increasing the reconstruction volume and the fracture complexity;
and step six, after fracturing is finished, closing the well and carrying out pressure expansion.
In the third step, the small discharge capacity is 0.3-1.0m3And/min, the injection pressure is less than the pump-stopping pressure of the primary fracturing.
In the third step, the injection amount of the oil-flooding fracturing fluid is kept horizontal according to the accumulated production amount and the current pressure, so that the pressure keeping level of the fracture near the wellbore is at least 85%.
In the fourth step, the lifting displacement is 1.5-2.0m3And/min, increasing throttling pressure difference, shearing the pin of the sliding sleeve type sand blaster by utilizing the pressure difference, and opening the lateral sand blasting hole of the sliding sleeve, so that the sliding sleeve type sand blaster and the lower straight nozzle simultaneously discharge liquid.
In the fifth step, the large displacement is 4m3More than min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method reduces the risk of safety and environmental protection accidents possibly existing in the fracturing construction process of the optical sleeve. In the repeated fracturing process, the small-displacement preposed energy supplement and the large-displacement volume fracturing are integrated into a whole, so that continuous operation of one drill is realized, namely on one hand, oil type fracturing fluid is injected and driven by a small-displacement pump to realize effective supplement of formation energy, a high-pressure area is formed in a near fracture area, the current pressure field and stress field of the near fracture area are changed, and repeated fracturing is promotedThe crack extends in a low-stress area far away from the crack direction, the oil drainage radius is reduced, the extension of the primary crack is controlled, and the minimum displacement can be 0.5m3Less than min; on the other hand, the improved volume and the complexity of a reservoir are enlarged through large-displacement and large-liquid volume fracturing, the purposes of increasing production of a single well and decreasing the production after a slow-down measure are finally realized, and the displacement can reach 6m3More than min. The method has wide application prospect in the aspects of improving the single-well yield and improving the water drive effect of the low-permeability reservoir in the lateral low-pressure low-yield oil well of the low-permeability reservoir.
The following will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figures, the reference numbers are: 1. a hydraulic anchor; 2. a packer; 3. a constant pressure sliding sleeve; 4. a straight nozzle; 5. a first connecting pipe; 6. a second connecting pipe; 7. and a third connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
in order to solve the problems of low single-well productivity and high construction risk of a light sleeve of the conventional low-pressure lateral oil well, the invention provides a fracturing string and a fracturing method for continuous operation of small-displacement pre-energy supplement and large-displacement fracturing, which are shown in figure 1.
The utility model provides a little discharge capacity can be mended and big discharge capacity fracturing string of being linked as, includes hydraulic anchor 1, packer 2, sand blaster 3, directly chews son 4 and connecting oil pipe, connecting oil pipe include first connecting pipe 5, second connecting pipe 6 and third connecting pipe 7, directly chew son 4 upper end and be connected with sand blaster 3 through first connecting pipe 5, packer 2 and sand blaster 3 pass through second connecting pipe 6 and be connected, packer 2 upper end and hydraulic anchor 1 be connected, hydraulic anchor 1 pass through third connecting pipe 7 and be connected with the fracturing well head, the internal through-hole diameter that hydraulic anchor 1, packer 2 and sand blaster 3 all is greater than the diameter that son 4 was chewed directly.
For a low-permeability reservoir lateral low-pressure single-layer oil well, the invention integrates small-displacement preposed energy supplement and large-displacement volume fracturing into a whole in the repeated fracturing process, simultaneously realizes the aims of effectively supplementing the formation energy before fracturing, expanding the reconstruction volume and complexity of the reservoir, improving the single-well yield and slowing down after measures, can also realize continuous operation of one drilling, and simultaneously reduces the possible safety and environmental protection accident risk in the fracturing construction process of the optical sleeve.
Example 2:
based on embodiment 1, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the diameter of the third connecting pipe 7 is 31/2And more than in, the diameters of the first connecting pipe 5 and the second connecting pipe 6 are the same and are less than or equal to the diameter of the third connecting pipe 7, and the length of the first connecting pipe 5 is 1 m.
Preferably, the diameter of the straight nozzle 4 is 10 to 40 mm.
The diameter of the straight nozzle 4 in the present invention is determined by the design displacement and the target bed depth.
Preferably, the packer 2 is a K344 packer.
Preferably, the sand blaster 3 is a sliding sleeve type sand blaster 3, and the diameter of the nozzle of the sliding sleeve type sand blaster 3 is 30-43 mm. The diameter of the filter tip is determined according to the designed discharge capacity and the target layer depth.
A fracturing method for a fracturing string by combining small-displacement energy compensation and large-displacement fracturing, which comprises the following steps:
step one, assembling a fracturing string: the third connecting pipe column 7, the hydraulic anchor 1, the packer 2, the second connecting pipe column 6, the sand blaster 3, the first connecting pipe column 5 and the straight nozzle 4 are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
step two, pressing and cracking the pipe column: lowering the fracturing string to a preset position of a target reservoir;
step three, setting, namely injecting oil displacement type fracturing fluid into a target layer with small displacement to supplement and promote the formation energy around the crack;
lifting the discharge volume and opening the sand blaster 3 to realize that the sand blaster 3 and the straight nozzle 4 simultaneously discharge liquid;
step five, performing large-discharge volume fracturing on the target interval, and increasing the reconstruction volume and the fracture complexity;
and step six, after fracturing is finished, closing the well and carrying out pressure expansion.
Preferably, in the third step, the small discharge capacity is 0.3-1.0m3And/min, the injection pressure is less than the pump-stopping pressure of the primary fracturing.
Preferably, in the third step, the injection amount of the oil-displacing type fracturing fluid is kept at a level according to the accumulated production amount and the current pressure, so that the pressure in the near-wellbore area of the fracture is kept at a level of at least 85%. The method aims to restore the pressure of the near wellbore area of the fracture to be kept horizontal to 85%, a high-pressure area is formed in the near wellbore area of the fracture, the current pressure field and stress field of the near wellbore area are changed, the repeated fractured fracture extends in a low-stress area far away from the fracture direction, and the oil drainage radius is reduced.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the lifting volume is 1.5-2.0m3And/min, increasing the throttling pressure difference, shearing the pin of the sliding sleeve type sand blaster by utilizing the pressure difference, and opening the lateral sand blasting hole of the sliding sleeve, so that the sliding sleeve type sand blaster and the lower straight nozzle 4 can simultaneously discharge liquid.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the large displacement is 4m3More than min.
For low-permeability oil reservoirs, the conventional measures have limited yield increase amplitude, and the decreased volume is larger after the volume fracturing measure. Compared with the optical casing volume fracturing, the pipe column and the fracturing method provided by the invention are also suitable for wells with corroded and damaged casings, and simultaneously reduce the risk of possible safety and environmental protection accidents in the optical casing fracturing construction process.
The invention integrates the small-displacement preposed energy supplement and the large-displacement volume fracturing into a whole in the repeated fracturing process, realizes one-trip drilling continuous operation, namely on one hand, the oil-type fracturing fluid is injected by a small-displacement pump to realize the effective supplement of the formation energy, and a high pressure area is formed in a near fracture area to change the current pressure field and stress field of the near fracture area, so that the repeated fracturing fracture extends in a low stress area far away from the fracture direction, the oil drainage radius is reduced, the extension of a primary fracture is controlled at the same time, and the minimum displacement can be 0.5m3Less than min; on the other hand, the large volume of liquid is passed throughFracturing, enlarging the reconstruction volume and the complexity of a reservoir, finally realizing the purposes of increasing production of a single well and decreasing the production after a slowing measure, and the discharge capacity can reach 6m3More than min. The method has wide application prospect in the aspects of improving the single-well yield and improving the water drive effect of the low-permeability reservoir in the lateral low-pressure low-yield oil well of the low-permeability reservoir.
Example 3:
based on the embodiment 1 or 2, it is preferable in the present invention that the diameter of the third connecting pipe 7 is 31/2in, the first connecting pipe 5 and the second connecting pipe 6 have a diameter of 27/8in, the length of the first connecting pipe 5 is 1 m; the diameter of the straight nozzle 4 is 14mm, and the depth of a target layer is 2200 m; the diameter of a nozzle of the constant pressure sliding sleeve (the sand blaster 3) is 36 mm; assembling a fracturing string: the third connecting pipe column 7, the hydraulic anchor 1, the K344 packer 2, the second connecting pipe column 6, the sand blaster 3, the first connecting pipe column 5 and the straight filter tip 4 are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; after the assembly is completed, the pipe column is pressed and cracked: lowering the fracturing string to a preset position of a target reservoir; performing seat sealing, and injecting oil displacement type fracturing fluid into a target layer through small displacement to supplement and promote the formation energy around the crack; the selection of the oil displacement type fracturing fluid is selected according to different geological conditions. After the formation energy is supplemented, the displacement is lifted up to open a constant pressure sliding sleeve (a sand blaster 3) to realize that the constant pressure sliding sleeve and a straight nozzle 4 at the lower part simultaneously discharge liquid; large-displacement volume fracturing is carried out on the target interval, and the reconstruction volume and the fracture complexity are increased; and (5) closing the well and carrying out pressure expansion after fracturing is finished.
For a low-permeability reservoir lateral low-pressure single-layer oil well, the invention integrates small-displacement preposed energy supplement and large-displacement volume fracturing into a whole in the repeated fracturing process, simultaneously realizes the aims of effectively supplementing the formation energy before fracturing, expanding the reconstruction volume and complexity of the reservoir, improving the single-well yield and slowing down after measures, can also realize continuous operation of one drilling, and simultaneously reduces the possible safety and environmental protection accident risk in the fracturing construction process of the optical sleeve.
The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and all designs identical or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. The apparatus structure and the method steps thereof, which are not described in detail in the present invention, are prior art and will not be further described in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a little discharge capacity can be mended and big discharge capacity fracturing and is done fracturing string even which characterized in that: the hydraulic fracturing packer comprises a hydraulic anchor (1), a packer (2), a sand blaster (3), a straight nozzle (4) and a connecting oil pipe, wherein the connecting oil pipe comprises a first connecting pipe (5), a second connecting pipe (6) and a third connecting pipe (7), the upper end of the straight nozzle (4) is connected with the sand blaster (3) through the first connecting pipe (5), the packer (2) is connected with the sand blaster (3) through the second connecting pipe (6), the upper end of the packer (2) is connected with the hydraulic anchor (1), the hydraulic anchor (1) is connected with a fracturing well mouth through the third connecting pipe (7), and the diameters of inner through holes of the hydraulic anchor (1), the packer (2) and the sand blaster (3) are all larger than the diameter of the straight nozzle (4).
2. The small displacement energy-supplementing and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the third connecting pipe (7) is 31/2More than in, the diameters of the first connecting pipe (5) and the second connecting pipe (6) are the same and are less than or equal to the diameter of the third connecting pipe (7), and the length of the first connecting pipe (5) is 1 m.
3. The small displacement energy-supplementing and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the straight nozzle (4) is 10-40 mm.
4. The small displacement energy-supplementing and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the packer (2) is a K344 packer.
5. The small displacement energy-supplementing and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sand blaster (3) is a sliding sleeve type sand blaster (3), and the diameter of a nozzle of the sliding sleeve type sand blaster (3) is 30-43 mm.
6. A fracturing method for a fracturing string by combining small-displacement energy compensation and large-displacement fracturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, assembling a fracturing string: the third connecting pipe column (7), the hydraulic anchor (1), the packer (2), the second connecting pipe column (6), the sand blaster (3), the first connecting pipe column (5) and the straight nozzle (4) are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
step two, pressing and cracking the pipe column: lowering the fracturing string to a preset position of a target reservoir;
step three, setting, namely injecting oil displacement type fracturing fluid into a target layer with small displacement to supplement and promote the formation energy around the crack;
lifting the discharge volume to open the sand blaster (3) so as to realize that the sand blaster (3) and the straight nozzle (4) discharge liquid simultaneously;
step five, performing large-discharge volume fracturing on the target interval, and increasing the reconstruction volume and the fracture complexity;
and step six, after fracturing is finished, closing the well and carrying out pressure expansion.
7. The fracturing method of a small displacement energy-compensating and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the third step, the small discharge capacity is 0.3-1.0m3And/min, the injection pressure is less than the pump-stopping pressure of the primary fracturing.
8. The fracturing method of a small displacement energy-compensating and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the third step, the injection amount of the oil-flooding fracturing fluid is kept horizontal according to the accumulated production amount and the current pressure, so that the pressure keeping level of the fracture near the wellbore is at least 85%.
9. The fracturing method of a small displacement energy-compensating and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 6, whereinThe method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the lifting displacement is 1.5-2.0m3And/min, increasing the throttling pressure difference, shearing the pin of the sliding sleeve type sand blaster by utilizing the pressure difference, and opening the lateral sand blasting hole of the sliding sleeve, so that the sliding sleeve type sand blaster and the lower straight nozzle (4) can simultaneously discharge liquid.
10. The fracturing method of a small displacement energy-compensating and large displacement fracturing string as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the fifth step, the large displacement is 4m3More than min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011276410.0A CN112360419B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Small-displacement energy supplementing and large-displacement fracturing continuous fracturing string and fracturing method |
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| CN112360419B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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