CN112353482B - Minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor - Google Patents
Minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112353482B CN112353482B CN202011246671.8A CN202011246671A CN112353482B CN 112353482 B CN112353482 B CN 112353482B CN 202011246671 A CN202011246671 A CN 202011246671A CN 112353482 B CN112353482 B CN 112353482B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/92—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices
- A61B17/921—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices for intramedullary devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and is of an integrated structure consisting of a lance part and a rod part; the lance part comprises a tip part and a body part; the tip portion is located the place ahead and tapers off the part, the somatic part is for being divided into two parts from pole portion the place ahead and being the rhombus and open, in lance portion part and the part that converges gradually again, is equipped with the barb on two side angles of somatic part. The diamond structure of the body part opening ensures that the tip part is positioned in the center of the medullary cavity and is easy to insert into a broken-nail tube center positioned in the center of the medullary cavity, and the wide body part is guided to enter the tube center after the tip part enters the tube center. The section of the rod is a cylinder, the cross sections of four single edges of the rhombus structure of the body part are semi-cylinders, the rhombus body part and the barb enter the medullary cavity and are extruded around the broken nail tube core to be close to each other and form an approximate cylinder, the body part gradually opens along with the reduction of the extrusion force after passing through the tube core, and the opened barb hooks the tube wall to take out the broken nail. The invention belongs to minimally invasive operation and has the advantages of extremely high success rate of taking out and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.
Background
With the improvement of living standard of people and the development of building industry, traffic accidents and high falling injuries are increased year by year, the fracture of the long bones of the limbs is good and frequent in clinic, and the intramedullary nail can be implanted in a minimally invasive way and has the characteristic of central fixation, so the intramedullary nail becomes a standard internal fixation method for the fracture of the long bones of the limbs. However, 10% -20% of bone nonunion or bone nonunion still occurs after intramedullary nail fixation of long bone fracture. When fracture does not heal, the fracture of the intramedullary nail is not rare clinically due to metal fatigue, stress shielding and the like, or accidental trauma caused by postoperative patients. Removing and replacing a broken intramedullary nail is a common method for treating non-union fractures of the femur, tibia, humerus, and the like. However, the closed extraction of a broken intramedullary nail by a non-cutting method remains a clinically very difficult task. At present, the method adopted in clinic is to perform windowing taking out at the position of a bone at a residual part, or perform taking out in a retrograde method after the bone is windowed, or take out by a hook taking out method or a forceps taking out method and the like, the taking out injury of most methods is large, even iatrogenic fracture is possible, and minimally invasive taking out cannot be performed; although the hook taking-out method belongs to the minimally invasive method, the front of the hook is wider, and when the broken nail is positioned in a far medullary cavity, the wide hook is difficult to find and insert into the stylet of the broken nail; the jaw removal method is only suitable for broken nails which are positioned close to the nail inlet. Therefore, the above method still has a possibility of taking out failure. In general, the removal of a broken intramedullary nail is a problem that has not yet been effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, provides the minimally invasive intramedullary nail extractor for intramedullary nail fracture after the intramedullary nail is fixed for the long bone fracture of limbs, can extract the fractured intramedullary nail in a minimally invasive way, and has the advantages of extremely high extraction rate, no additional damage, convenient use and easy popularization.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor which is an integrated medical metal structure consisting of a lance part and a rod part; the lance part comprises a tip part and a body part; the tip is located the place ahead of disconnected nail extractor, the somatic part is that the pole part is divided into two and opens the rhombus structure that continues downwards, converges again gradually at lance portion, is equipped with the barb on two side angles of somatic part.
As a further improvement of the invention, the cross sections of the four single sides of the body are semi-cylinders, and the diameter of the pressed body is in the range of 2.0-8.0 mm.
As a further development of the invention, the diameter of the shaft is in the range from 2.0 to 8.0 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the length of the barb ranges from 1.5mm to 2.0mm, the thickness of the tube wall of the broken nail is not more than 1.0mm to 2.0 mm.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the length of the whole of the stem portion and the lance portion is in the range of 20 to 80 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the rod part is of a cylindrical structure.
As a further improvement of the invention, the tip is a tapered cone structure, the diameter of the middle part of the tip is set to be 0.5-1.5mm, and the length of the tip is set to be 6-15 mm.
As a further refinement of the invention, the barbs are angled proximally at an angle of less than 70 degrees to the shaft.
As a further improvement of the invention, the spear part and the rod part are both made of medical stainless steel materials and have elasticity and plasticity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high success rate of taking out, difficult slipping and failure, simple and convenient operation, no extra injury, minimally invasive operation and the like, and has the biggest characteristics of difficult slipping and failure, high taking out rate and minimally invasive operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a practical process of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. a lance portion; 2. a rod portion; 1-1, a tip; 1-2, a body; 1-3 and barbs.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained in connection with this figure.
As shown in the figure, the invention provides a minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor which comprises an integral structure of a lance part 1 and a rod part 2; the rod part 2 is of a cylindrical structure, and the lance part 1 comprises a tip part 1-1 and a body part 1-2; the tip part 1-1 is located in front of the broken nail extractor, the body part 1-2 is of a diamond structure, sickle-shaped barbs 1-3 are arranged on water caltrops on two sides of the diamond structure, and the angles formed by the barbs 1-3 and the rod part 2 are smaller than 70 degrees.
The cross sections of four single edges of the body part 1-2 diamond structure are semi-cylinders, namely the cross section of the body part which is folded is also close to a cylinder, the body part 1-2 has elasticity, the body part is elastically expanded to restore the original width after pressure is relieved, the minimum diameter range of the cross section of the body part 1-2 after being pressed is 2.0-8.0mm, and the minimum diameter of the body part 1-2 of the selected minimally invasive intramedullary nail broken extractor including the barb 1-3 after being pressed does not exceed the inner diameter of a broken nail which needs to be taken out.
The diameter range of the rod part 2 is 2.0-8.0 mm.
The width of the barb is matched with the thickness of the tube wall of the intramedullary nail, the length range of 1-3 of the barb is 1.5-2.0mm, and the thickness is 1.0-2.0 mm.
The overall length of the rod part 2 and the lance part 1 ranges from 20 cm to 80 cm.
The tip part 1-1 is a tapered cone structure and can be shaped to adapt to different positions of the broken nail pipe core; the central diameter of the tip portion 1-1 is set to 0.5-1.5mm, and the length is set to 6-15 mm.
The spear part 1 and the rod part 2 are made of medical stainless steel materials, and the medical steel materials are the same as the medical steel materials of the guide pin used for the operation of the intramedullary nail and have elasticity.
Meanwhile, the invention can adapt to the broken nails with various sizes and inner diameters by selecting different sizes, and can also change the shapes of the shoulder part and the barb to adapt to the states of the broken nails with different inner diameters.
The invention has the following working process that the nail is firstly exposed from a small incision, the minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor is inserted into the medullary cavity, the minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor gradually enters the medullary cavity and is close to the broken end under the perspective monitoring, the enlarged body part 1-2 ensures that the tip part 1-1 is positioned at the center of the medullary cavity, and the thin tip part 1-1 can firstly and smoothly enter the tube core of the broken nail because the broken nail is generally positioned at the center of the medullary cavity. The tip part 1-1 firstly enters the broken nail pipe core, the rod part 2 is pushed forwards forcibly, and the body part 1-2 can also smoothly enter the broken nail pipe core under the guidance of the tip part 1-1; the body part 1-2 and the barb 1-3 are extruded and then closed in the broken nail, and the diameter of the body part can be reduced to enter the broken nail pipe; and the rod part 2 is continuously and forcibly inserted forwards, the body part 1-2 completely or mostly passes through the broken nail, after the body part 1-2 completely or mostly releases pressure, the body part 1-2 elastically expands to expand the width diameter of the broken nail, then the rod part 1-2 of the extractor of the intramedullary broken nail is drawn back, the barb 1-3 on the body part 1-2 of the extractor of the opened intramedullary broken nail hooks the pipe wall of the broken nail, and the rod part 2 of the extractor of the intramedullary broken nail is continuously and forcibly drawn back to drive the barb 1-3 of the body part 1-2 to take the broken nail out of the medullary cavity from the medullary cavity. If the broken nail wall is provided with a screw hole, if any barb 1-3 on the rhombus corner of the broken nail extractor body enters the screw hole, the barb 1-3 can also open and hook the pipe wall, then the rod part is drawn back forcibly, and resistance is felt, which indicates that the broken nail is hooked, and the broken nail can also be taken out of the medullary cavity.
Example 1
If the diameter of the tube center of the tibial intramedullary nail or the broken nail is 4.0mm, the wall thickness of the tube is 2.0mm, and the outer diameter and the minimum diameter of the medullary cavity of the intramedullary nail are both 8.0mm, the body part 1-2 is selected to comprise a minimally invasive intramedullary nail broken nail extractor of which the minimum diameter of the barb 1-3 after being extruded is less than or equal to 4.0mm, namely the minimum diameter of the body part 1-2 is selected to be 2.0mm, the length of the barb 1-3 is 1.5-2.0mm, and the thickness is 1.0mm, so that the minimum diameter of the total cross section of the body part 1-2 including the barb 1-3 is less than or equal to 4.0mm (the diameter of the tube center of the broken nail is not more than 4.0 mm); if the core diameter of the broken pin is 8.0mm and the wall thickness of the tube is 2.0mm, the minimum diameter of the body 1-2 is selected to be 3.0-4.0mm, the length of the barb 1-3 is 2mm, and the thickness is 1.5mm, so that the total minimum diameter of the body 1-2 including the barb 1-3 is 6.0-7.0mm (not more than 8.0mm of the core diameter of the broken pin). In a word, there are multiple models of minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractors to adapt to multiple broken nails.
Example 2
If the diameter of the tube center of the humerus or tibia intramedullary nail or the broken nail is 3.0mm, the thickness of the tube wall is 2.0mm, the outer diameter of the intramedullary nail and the minimum diameter of the medullary cavity are both 7.0mm, the minimum diameter of the cross section of the body part 1-2 after being pressed is 2.0mm, the length of the barb 1-3 is 2.0mm, and the thickness of the barb 1-3 is 1.0mm, but a vice is needed to bite the barb 1-3 on one side to form the barb 1-3 on one side, so that the minimum diameter of the body part 1-2 including the barb 1-3 on one side after being pressed is 3.0mm (the diameter of the tube center of the broken nail is not more than 3.0 mm) (fig. 2).
Example 3
If the size of the minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor is selected to be proper, but the position of the broken nail in the medullary cavity is in an inclined state in a few cases, namely the center of the tube of the broken nail is not at the center of the medullary cavity, the tip part 1-1 needs to be bent to one side to match with the position of the inclined center of the tube, and the position of the inclined center of the broken nail can be reached easily and then enters the center of the broken nail tube.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor is characterized in that a lance part (1) and a rod part (2) form an integrated structure; the lance part (1) comprises a tip part (1-1) and a body part (1-2); the tip (1-1) is positioned in front of the broken nail extractor, the body (1-2) is of a diamond structure, and barbs (1-3) are arranged on two side corners of the body;
the body part (1-2) is of a rhombic structure with four unilateral structures, the end parts of the rod parts are gradually opened from the center, and the spear parts are converged, the unilateral cross sections are semi-cylinders, and the diameter range of the cylinders, which are closed after the body part (1-2) is pressed, is 2.0-8.0 mm;
the rod part (2) is of a cylindrical structure;
the tip part (1-1) is of a tapered cone structure, the diameter range of the center of the tip part (1-1) is 0.5-1.5mm, and the length range is 6-15 mm;
the angle formed by the barb (1-3) and the rod part (2) is less than 70 degrees.
2. The extractor for minimally invasive intramedullary broken nails according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the stem (2) ranges from 2.0mm to 8.0 mm.
3. The extractor for minimally invasive intramedullary broken nails according to claim 1, wherein the length of the barbs (1-3) is in the range of 1.5-2.0mm, the thickness of the tube wall of the broken nail is not more than 1.0-2.0 mm.
4. The extractor for minimally invasive intramedullary broken nails according to claim 1, wherein the overall length of the stem portion (2) and the lance portion (1) is in the range of 20-80 cm.
5. The extractor for minimally invasive intramedullary broken nails according to claim 1, wherein the lance portion (1) and the rod portion (2) are made of medical stainless steel material and have elasticity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011246671.8A CN112353482B (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011246671.8A CN112353482B (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112353482A CN112353482A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
| CN112353482B true CN112353482B (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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| CN202011246671.8A Active CN112353482B (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Minimally invasive intramedullary broken nail extractor |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3334624A (en) * | 1963-09-26 | 1967-08-08 | Synthes Ag | Intramedullary nail |
| CN87201185U (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1987-12-26 | 上海市长海医院 | Memory alloy humeral inner-marrow nial, and its setting and taking down device |
| CN202342174U (en) * | 2011-10-30 | 2012-07-25 | 丁昌亮 | Novel broken nail extractor |
| CN206900114U (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-01-19 | 上海名辰模塑科技有限公司 | Bumper tow hook cover anti-drop device |
| CN207935265U (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-10-02 | 重庆平伟汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of mounting structure of screw cover board |
| CN209916183U (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-01-10 | 宜宾市第一人民医院 | Broken nail extracting device for femoral intramedullary nail |
| CN210811475U (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-06-23 | 武汉大学 | Special half-thread hollow screw extracting tool for assisting orthopedics department |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8323341B2 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2012-12-04 | Intrinsic Therapeutics, Inc. | Impaction grafting for vertebral fusion |
| US7141052B2 (en) * | 2003-11-14 | 2006-11-28 | Easton L. Manderson | Surgical intramedullary implant with improved locking for fixation of fractured bone segments |
-
2020
- 2020-11-10 CN CN202011246671.8A patent/CN112353482B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3334624A (en) * | 1963-09-26 | 1967-08-08 | Synthes Ag | Intramedullary nail |
| CN87201185U (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1987-12-26 | 上海市长海医院 | Memory alloy humeral inner-marrow nial, and its setting and taking down device |
| CN202342174U (en) * | 2011-10-30 | 2012-07-25 | 丁昌亮 | Novel broken nail extractor |
| CN206900114U (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-01-19 | 上海名辰模塑科技有限公司 | Bumper tow hook cover anti-drop device |
| CN207935265U (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-10-02 | 重庆平伟汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of mounting structure of screw cover board |
| CN209916183U (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-01-10 | 宜宾市第一人民医院 | Broken nail extracting device for femoral intramedullary nail |
| CN210811475U (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-06-23 | 武汉大学 | Special half-thread hollow screw extracting tool for assisting orthopedics department |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN112353482A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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Inventor after: Zhang Zhihai Inventor after: Ma Yunhong Inventor after: Yin Qudong Inventor before: Ma Yunhong Inventor before: Yin Qudong |