CN216021340U - Group-sleeve type broken intramedullary nail extracting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a set-type broken intramedullary nail extracting tool, which comprises an inner core, a metal hose and an adjusting nut, wherein the inner core is provided with a plurality of holes; the inner core comprises a threaded rod, a soft cable section and a metal head; the first end of the threaded rod is connected with the first end of the soft cable section; the second end of the soft cable section is movably connected with the metal head; the length of the metal head is larger than the diameter of the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail; the metal hose is sleeved outside the threaded rod and the soft cable section, and the second end of the threaded rod is exposed outside the metal hose; the outer diameter of the metal hose is smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail; the adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the exposed part of the threaded rod. The utility model has simple structure, simple and convenient assembly and convenient operation, can be widely applied to the taking out of broken nails of long-tubular intramedullary nails of humerus, thighbone and tibia, has very wide clinical practical application, greatly facilitates clinical work, shortens operation time and reduces risks in operation.

Description

Group-sleeve type broken intramedullary nail extracting tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a set sleeve type broken intramedullary nail extracting tool.

Background

With the development of human society and the wide use of automated tools, the disability rate caused by traffic accidents and daily traumas is gradually increased. The treatment of limb fracture caused by trauma is particularly critical for treating injuries of large long tubular bones of limbs such as humerus, femur and tibia, and particularly for loaded long bones of lower limbs, strong internal fixation is the key for fracture healing. The center in the medullary cavity is fixed with obvious biological advantages, unlike the eccentric side emphasis of the fracture broken end using steel plate screws: 1. the cut is small; 2. less bleeding; 3. because of the closed reduction under the most conditions, the blood circulation damage of the fracture at the fracture broken end is less; 4. indirect healing of fracture; 5. the infection rate is low. Mechanical advantages are as follows: 1. the arm is long; 2. the axis is fixed, and the axial load can be borne; 3. the fixing state of the fracture end can be adjusted through the dynamic screw hole, and the contact and the pressurization of the fracture end are facilitated.

Although functional exercise of injured limbs can be performed early after intramedullary nail surgery, unscientific postoperative functional exercise is often a significant cause of failure after intramedullary nail internal fixation. Loosening of screws often occurs, and fracture of main nails of intramedullary nails in a medullary cavity even occurs seriously. Once the main nail of the intramedullary nail is broken, the extraction of the distal end of the broken end is a very difficult task. Not only prolongs the operation time, enlarges the stripping in the operation, increases the bleeding and finally increases the operation risk. Therefore, the successful and successful removal of failed internal fixation intramedullary nail and the implantation of a new strong internal fixation intramedullary nail are in an extremely important position. One set of broken nail extracting tool easy to assemble and operate plays an extremely important role in shortening operation time, improving operation efficiency and reducing risks in the operation.

The main nail of the traditional broken intramedullary nail has no special taking-out device, and most doctors simply design and combine the main nail according to local conditions on the basis of utilizing the existing medical materials.

One common method is to use a long guide pin with an expansion round head at one end to penetrate out of the intramedullary nail along the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail, then use a plurality of metal long guide pins without round heads to continuously fill the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail to form extrusion on the first guide pin, and finally withdraw the broken main nail by simultaneously withdrawing the guide pins so as to impact the tail end of the main nail through the expansion round head of the metal. The method usually has a small diameter of a single guide pin, is difficult to form stable extrusion by applying the stuffing of a plurality of metal guide pins, and has a small inner cavity in some parts or types of intramedullary nails, so that a plurality of guide pins are difficult to place. Secondly be difficult to grab the guide pin of first root area button head and carry out the pumpback, can produce not hard up the failure of taking out in the remaining guide pin of pumpback process moreover.

The other mode is that a guide pin with a hook at one end is used for hooking the far end of the intramedullary nail or locking the nail hole through the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail, and the intramedullary nail is drawn out by withdrawing the guide pin. Because the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail is designed in a non-linear way, and the distance between the topmost end of the intramedullary nail and the skin is still provided with a section of subcutaneous channel, especially for patients with large body sizes or obesity, the soft tissue channel is often an irregular channel, and the compliance of the metal guide pin is poor, so that the intramedullary nail is difficult to accurately hook in the hooking process, and the long-time withdrawal is easy to cause fatigue fracture or straightening of the tip of the small hook, thereby causing the failure of taking out.

In another mode, a soft drill with a rough surface is directly drilled into the intramedullary nail to form filling and friction, and the intramedullary nail is taken out through retraction. The method is suitable for the broken proximal end, and the intramedullary nail can not be taken out due to the concomitant rotation of the broken nail or insufficient friction between the drill bit and the inner wall of the broken nail in the process of drilling the distal end of the broken nail. And the bone around can be destroyed in the process of drilling, the wound is enlarged, and the risk of fracture in and after the operation is increased. But also generates a great deal of metal debris in the medullary cavity, and burns and damages the surrounding bone tissue by a great deal of heat while drilling.

Finally, the position of the far-end broken nail is positioned under the fluoroscopy of an X-ray machine in the operation, a section of bone groove is longitudinally chiseled on one side by using a bone knife, the broken end of a section of intramedullary nail is exposed, and the intramedullary nail is slowly knocked and chiseled out by using a chisel. This undoubtedly destroys bone to a greater extent than the previous ones, and even easily leads to surgically derived fractures.

In conclusion, the existing intramedullary nail extraction tool has low extraction success rate, great damage to surrounding tissues in the extraction process, prolonged operation time, increased bleeding amount and increased operation risk.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Based on this, the utility model aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art and provide a sleeve-type fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool.

A set-type broken intramedullary nail extracting tool comprises an inner core, a metal hose and an adjusting nut;

the inner core comprises a threaded rod, a soft cable section and a metal head; the first end of the threaded rod is connected with the first end of the soft cable section; the second end of the soft cable section is movably connected with the metal head; the length of the metal head is larger than the diameter of the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail;

the metal hose is sleeved outside the threaded rod and the soft cable section, and the second end of the threaded rod is exposed outside the metal hose; the outer diameter of the metal hose is smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail;

the adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the exposed part of the threaded rod.

Furthermore, a metal rod is arranged at the second end of the soft cable section; the metal rod is rotatably connected with the metal head.

Further, the end part of the metal rod is rotatably connected with the middle position of the side surface of the metal head in the length direction.

Furthermore, a containing groove is formed in the side face of the metal head; the end of the metal rod can be accommodated in the accommodating groove by rotation.

Further, the outer diameter of the metal rod is the same as the height of the accommodating groove.

Further, the metal head is in a round key shape.

Furthermore, one end of the metal hose is provided with a metal pipe; the wall thickness of the metal pipe is smaller than that of the metal hose; the inner diameter of the metal tube is equal to the diameter of the flexible cable section; the inner diameter of the metal hose is larger than the diameter of the flexible metal cable.

Further, the threaded rod is a metal threaded rod; the surfaces of the two ends of the threaded rod are smooth surfaces.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a pull-out handle; the pulling handle is in threaded connection with the exposed part of the threaded rod, and the adjusting nut is located between the pulling handle and the metal hose.

Further, the pulling-out handle is T-shaped.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) an inner core with a proper model and diameter is selected, a broken intramedullary nail inner cavity is formed, a distal end movable metal head is rotated, after the metal head penetrates through the intramedullary nail inner cavity, the metal head is rotated to ensure that the metal head is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the farthest end of the intramedullary nail, the metal head is contacted with the distal end of the intramedullary nail, a bearing effect can be ensured during extraction, and the intramedullary nail, a metal hose and the inner core are extracted together through extracting a threaded rod or an extracting handle; the eccentric connection design of the metal head and the metal rod can be beneficial to the rotation of the metal head;

(2) the flexible metal hose is convenient to enter the inner cavity of the nonlinear intramedullary nail under the action of the telescopic property of the metal hose, the flexible cable is straightened by rotating the threaded rod, the tightness of the metal hose can be adjusted, and the flexible cable can be changed into the tension of the inner core by continuously utilizing elastic deformation, and the flexible design can be suitable for complex intramedullary channels;

(3) the utility model has simple structure, simple and convenient assembly and convenient operation, can be widely applied to the taking out of broken nails of long-tubular intramedullary nails of humerus, thighbone and tibia, has very wide clinical practical application, greatly facilitates clinical work, shortens operation time and reduces risks in operation.

For a better understanding and practice, the utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an assembled schematic view of a nested fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembled cross-sectional view of the nested fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first construction of the core of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second structural schematic of the inner core of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the metal hose of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the adjusting nut of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the pull-out handle of the present invention.

In the figure: 10. a threaded rod; 11. a smooth surface; 20. a flexible cable section; 21. a metal rod; 30. a metal head; 31. a containing groove; 40. a metal hose; 41. a metal tube; 50. adjusting the nut; 60. the handle is pulled out.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It will be understood that in the description of the present application, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application. The terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, i.e. a feature defined as "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Further, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "hollow" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the assembled fractured intramedullary nail extracting tool of the present embodiment includes an inner core, a metal hose 40, and an adjusting nut 50.

Specifically, the inner core comprises a threaded rod 10, a flexible cable segment 20 and a metal head 30; a first end of the threaded rod 10 is connected with a first end of the flexible cable section 20; the second end of the flexible cable section 20 is movably connected with the metal head 30; the length of the metal head 30 is larger than the inner cavity diameter of the intramedullary nail;

more specifically, the threaded rod 10 is a metal threaded rod 10; the surfaces of two ends of the threaded rod 10 are smooth surfaces 11, and the length of each smooth surface 11 is about 1 cm;

more specifically, a second end of the flexible cable segment 20 is provided with a metal rod 21; the metal rod 21 is rotatably connected with the metal head 30;

more specifically, the metal head 30 is in a round key shape; the end part of the metal rod 21 is rotatably connected with the middle position of the side surface of the metal head 30 in the length direction;

more specifically, the side surface of the metal head 30 in the length direction is provided with a receiving groove 31; the end of the metal rod 21 can be accommodated in the accommodating groove 31 by rotation; the outer diameter of the metal rod 21 is the same as the height of the receiving groove 31, so that when the end of the metal rod 21 is received in the receiving groove 31 of the metal head 30, an outer side edge of the metal rod 21 and an upper side surface of the metal head 30 are located on the same horizontal plane.

Specifically, the metal hose 40 is sleeved outside the threaded rod 10 and the flexible cable section 20, and the second end of the threaded rod 10 and the metal head 30 are exposed outside the metal hose 40; the outer diameter of the metal hose 40 is smaller than the inner cavity diameter of the intramedullary nail; more specifically, one end of the metal hose 40 is provided with a metal tube 41, and the metal tube 41 is a rigid tube; the wall thickness of the metal tube 41 is smaller than that of the metal hose 40; the inner diameter of the metal tube 41 is equal to the diameter of the flexible cable section 20; the inner diameter of the metal hose 40 is larger than the diameter of the flexible metal cable; when the threaded rod 10 is screwed into the metal hose 40, the soft cable segment 20 is prevented from extruding out of the metal tube 41, so that the soft cable segment 20 remains in the metal hose 40.

Specifically, the adjusting nut 50 is in threaded connection with the exposed part of the threaded rod 10; preferably, the front and back surfaces of the adjusting nut 50 are rectangular, the upper and lower surfaces are similar elliptical, and the left and right side surfaces are curved surfaces. The long axis is larger than the outer diameter of the metal hose 40, the center is a threaded channel which penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface, the threaded channel is connected with the metal threaded rod 10 at the near end of the inner core, the metal threaded rod is continuously pushed forward by screwing in the threads to extrude the metal hose 40, the metal hose 40 is compressed, and the metal cable of the inner core is simultaneously pulled tightly, so that the two parts of soft structures are hardened due to tension stress.

In the preferred embodiment, a pull-out handle 60 is also included; the pull-out handle 60 is in threaded connection with the exposed part of the threaded rod 10, and the adjusting nut 50 is located between the pull-out handle 60 and the metal hose 40; the pull-out handle 60 is "T" shaped, with a central threaded passage through the center of its vertical axis, which connects to the proximal screw stem of the inner core.

The working process of the embodiment:

according to the design of intramedullary nails in wide use on the market, hollow intramedullary nails are mostly used. Often a tubular design with a larger proximal end, a smaller distal end and a circular cross-section. The distal orifice is usually the smallest, usually the smallest greater than or equal to 3mm, and matches the physiologic curvature of the bone rather than a straight design. Before operation, the inner diameter of the far end of the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail and the outer diameter of the farthest end of the intramedullary nail are accurately obtained through the measurement of imaging, an inner core and a metal hose 40 with proper types are accurately selected before operation, and the most accurate full preparation before operation is well made.

The metal head 30 and the metal hose 40 are passed through the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail by selecting an inner core and the metal hose 40 with proper models and diameters, and in the passing process, the metal rod 21 is accommodated in the accommodating groove 31 of the metal head 30, so that the shorter and narrower end of the metal head 30 is passed through the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail; moreover, as the shape of the intramedullary nail inner cavity channel is complex, in the process of passing through, the adjusting nut 50 can tightly push the metal hose 40 by rotating the threaded rod 10, so as to adjust the straightening degree of the soft cable section 20 and further adjust the tightness of the metal hose 40, so that the metal hose 40 can better pass through the complex inner cavity of the intramedullary nail;

after the metal head 30 passes through the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail, the gravity center deflects under the action of gravity, and the stimulation of external force is added, so that the metal head 30 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft between the metal rods 21 to open the metal head 30, and further the T-shaped pull-out handle 60 is pulled, so that the side surface of the metal head 30 in the length direction is vertical to the metal rods 21 and the metal tube 41; the handle 60 is pulled out, so that the metal head 30 can play a role of bearing stably in the pulling process, the broken intramedullary nail is ensured to be taken out from the farthest end, and omission is avoided. The operation process can be assisted under the fluoroscopy of an X-ray machine in the operation. Compared with the prior art, the key point of the utility model is that the assembled components can be assembled to form a whole; the combination of the soft structure and the hard structure in the element realizes the flexibility in the intramedullary nail to the maximum extent, adapts to a non-linear extraction channel and increases the success rate of extraction. And the broken nail is completely taken out to the maximum extent by taking out the broken nail from the farthest end of the intramedullary nail. The taking-out device is arranged in the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail to form the same channel, thereby preventing the falling off in the process of extraction to a great extent.

The simple assembly extraction device is designed based on the complexity of the traditional broken nail extraction method and mode, provides a device for extracting broken intramedullary nails, is particularly suitable for extracting broken nails at the far end or in the deep part, even under the condition that the broken ends of the fractured bone have formed complex angular deformity healing, and solves the problems of uncertainty, instability and complexity of extraction in the existing method in the operation, thereby shortening the operation time and reducing the risks in the operation.

In conclusion, the device has simple structure, convenient assembly and use and simple and convenient operation, wherein the metal small head at the far end can be made into series models with different long shaft lengths according to the diameters of the cross sections of the inner cavity and the tail end of the intramedullary nail so as to be used by intramedullary nails of different models. The method can be widely applied to taking out broken intramedullary nail after humerus, femur and tibia long-tube bone fracture operation, greatly reduces the trauma in the operation, provides a high-efficiency broken nail taking-out method, greatly facilitates clinical work, shortens operation time and reduces risks in the operation.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A set-type fracture intramedullary nail extraction tool, comprising:

the inner core comprises a threaded rod, a soft cable section and a metal head; the first end of the threaded rod is connected with the first end of the soft cable section; the second end of the soft cable section is movably connected with the metal head; the length of the metal head is larger than the diameter of the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail;

the metal hose is sleeved outside the threaded rod and the flexible cable section, and the second end of the threaded rod is exposed outside the metal hose; the outer diameter of the metal hose is smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity of the intramedullary nail;

and the adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the exposed part of the threaded rod.

2. The gang sleeve style fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 1, wherein the second end of the soft cable segment is provided with a metal rod; the metal rod is rotatably connected with the metal head.

3. The gang sleeve fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 2, wherein the end of the metal rod is rotationally coupled to the metal head at a medial position of the lateral side in the length direction.

4. The gang sleeve type fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 3, wherein a receiving groove is formed in a side surface of the metal head; the end of the metal rod can be accommodated in the accommodating groove by rotation.

5. The gang sleeve type fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 4, wherein the outer diameter of the metal rod is the same as the height of the receiving groove.

6. The gang sleeve fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 5, wherein the metal head is button-headed.

7. The gang sleeve type fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 6, wherein one end of the metal hose is provided with a metal tube; the wall thickness of the metal pipe is smaller than that of the metal hose; the inner diameter of the metal tube is equal to the diameter of the flexible cable section; the inner diameter of the metal hose is larger than the diameter of the flexible cable section.

8. The gang sleeve fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 7, wherein the threaded rod is a metal threaded rod; the surfaces of the two ends of the threaded rod are smooth surfaces.

9. The collet-type extraction tool for fractured intramedullary nails of any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an extraction handle; the pulling handle is in threaded connection with the exposed part of the threaded rod, and the adjusting nut is located between the pulling handle and the metal hose.

10. The gang sleeve fractured intramedullary nail extraction tool of claim 9, wherein the extraction handle is "T" shaped.

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