CN112349847B - Perovskite solar cell automated production equipment - Google Patents
Perovskite solar cell automated production equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112349847B CN112349847B CN202011082366.XA CN202011082366A CN112349847B CN 112349847 B CN112349847 B CN 112349847B CN 202011082366 A CN202011082366 A CN 202011082366A CN 112349847 B CN112349847 B CN 112349847B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920001167 Poly(triaryl amine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Natural products CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004801 process automation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of perovskite solar cell preparation, and discloses perovskite solar cell automatic production equipment, which comprises a first ultrasonic spraying device, a second ultrasonic spraying device, an electric field processing device, a third ultrasonic spraying device, a screen printing device and a conveying device; the first ultrasonic spraying device, the second ultrasonic spraying device, the electric field processing device, the third ultrasonic spraying device and the screen printing device are sequentially arranged on the conveying device along the transmission direction. The invention combines the mature spray coating technology, screen printing technology and variable electric field processing technology to form a whole set of production line capable of producing perovskite solar cells on a rigid conductive substrate, thus truly realizing the industrialized preparation flow of variable electric field processing perovskite devices, and realizing the seamless connection of conducting glass sheets and finished perovskite devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of perovskite solar cell preparation, in particular to an electric field treatment perovskite solar cell industrialization preparation flow.
Background
In the last 10 years, the efficiency of metal halide Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC) has been increasing, and has approached the current mainstream crystalline silicon solar cells in industry. However, due to the characteristic of organic-inorganic hybridization, gap organic matters forming the regular octahedron of the perovskite structure are easy to decompose under high temperature, ultraviolet, water oxygen and other atmospheres, so that the industrial application of the solar cell is limited. In order to solve the stability problem of perovskite solar cells, researchers have adopted various encapsulation processes for devices from inside to outside. The hydrophobic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) further forms a hydrophobic layer of a sandwich structure by wrapping the upper layer and the lower layer of the perovskite absorption layer, thereby improvingWater oxygen tolerance of perovskite absorber layers. And furthermore, the laser packaging technology is adopted to package the whole device in a closed type, so that the degradation stability of the whole device due to contact with the external water-oxygen environment is further improved. The efficiency and stability of the device are enhanced simultaneously through interface engineering at the same time: the organic macromolecule (Y6) is used as an electron extraction layer of a perovskite device to replace the existing commonly used non-fullerene small organic molecule (PC 61 BM) can more effectively extract electrons in the perovskite layer; the characteristic that the small molecule Y6 can absorb near infrared (700-900 nm) light can be fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the device to the whole solar spectrum is widened. However, the above method improves the stability by external cladding. How to improve the stability of perovskite layers themselves is a challenge to be solved in the industry. Recently, shen Wenzhong et al have designed a method for treating perovskite thin films by using a variable electric field through experiments (patent publication No. CN 110518130A), thereby realizing better regulation and control of the grain size of perovskite, and improving the high temperature resistance and the stability of perovskite devices. In addition, in the domestic perovskite solar cell industry, industrialization is realized by printing the perovskite thin film by using a roll-to-roll process, however, the process can only be realized on a flexible substrate and cannot be applied to industrialized treatment of rigid conductive glass.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to realize automation and industrialization of preparing perovskite devices on rigid conductive substrates.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automated perovskite solar cell production apparatus, which comprises a first ultrasonic spraying device, a second ultrasonic spraying device, an electric field processing device, a third ultrasonic spraying device, a screen printing device and a conveying device; the first ultrasonic spraying device, the second ultrasonic spraying device, the electric field processing device and the third ultrasonic spraying device are sequentially arranged on the conveying device along the transmission direction.
Further, the first ultrasonic spraying device, the second ultrasonic spraying device and the third ultrasonic spraying device comprise ultrasonic spraying control ends, a material pipe and a nozzle, and the nozzle is connected with the ultrasonic spraying control ends through the material pipe.
Further, the electric field processing device comprises an electric brush or a conductive probe, an upper electrode plate and a voltage amplifier, wherein the electric brush or the conductive probe is connected with the anode of the voltage amplifier through a wire, and the upper electrode plate is connected with the cathode of the voltage amplifier through a wire.
Further, the electric field processing device further comprises an optical magnifier.
Further, the screen printing device comprises a screen printing control end, a material pipe and a scraper, wherein the scraper is connected with the screen printing control end through the material pipe.
Further, the conveying device adopts a hollow ceramic cylinder, the ceramic cylinder comprises an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the inner cavity is used for being filled with water to form a water cooling circulation system, and the outer cavity is a ceramic plate with a built-in heating resistance wire.
Further, servo motors are arranged at two ends of the ceramic cylinder, and the rolling system is used for controlling the servo motors so as to drive the ceramic cylinder to rotate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the perovskite solar cell, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, conductive glass layer treatment:
step 1.1, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a glass substrate coated with ITO in a diluted detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol;
step 1.2, drying the glass substrate treated in the step one in a vacuum oven, treating the glass substrate with ultraviolet-ozone, and then transferring the glass substrate into electric field treatment automation equipment filled with air;
step 2, preparing a hole transport layer:
step 2.1, dissolving 2,3,5, 6-tetrafluoro-7, 7', 8' -tetracyanodimethyl p-benzoquinone doped poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ] in chlorobenzene, stirring and heating to form a mixed solution;
step 2.2, filtering the mixed solution by using a polytetrafluoroethylene filter, spraying the mixed solution onto the glass substrate by using a first ultrasonic spraying device to form a hole transport layer, then starting a self-heating function of a ceramic cylinder to heat the hole transport layer, performing annealing treatment to obtain a poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate,
step 2.3, starting a cooling circulation system, cooling to room temperature, and then conveying the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate into a second ultrasonic spraying device through a ceramic cylinder;
step 3, perovskite layer preparation:
step 3.1, lead iodide dissolved in a mixed anhydrous solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide/dimethyl sulfoxide is formed into a perovskite precursor solution by methyl iodized amine, and the perovskite precursor solution is heated and stirred;
step 3.2, filtering the perovskite precursor solution by using a polytetrafluoroethylene filter, and spraying the perovskite precursor solution on the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate by using a second ultrasonic spraying device to obtain a perovskite precursor film;
step 4, preparing an electron transport layer:
step 4.1, transferring the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate to an electric field treatment device to treat the perovskite precursor film, wherein a brush of the electric field treatment device automatically contacts the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate, and simultaneously, a ceramic cylinder under the electric field treatment device is subjected to heating treatment;
step 4.2, opening cooling water in the ceramic roller under the electric field treatment device, cooling the perovskite precursor film after electric field treatment to room temperature, automatically separating the electric brush from the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate, and transferring the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate to a third ultrasonic spraying device by rolling the ceramic cylinder;
step 4.3 filtration of Fullerene derivative PC with polytetrafluoroethylene Filter 61 BM solution, fullerene derivative PC 61 The BM solution is sprayed on the perovskite precursor film through a nozzle of a third ultrasonic spraying device to form the fullerene derivative PC 61 BM layer, fullerene derivative PC 61 The BM layer is an electron transport layer;
step 5, preparing an Ag electrode layer:
transferring said poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine by rotating said ceramic cylinder]Under the condition that an ITO substrate is placed in a screen printing device, conducting silver paste which is quickly dried at room temperature is printed on the fullerene derivative PC by a screen printing technology 61 And obtaining an Ag electrode layer on the BM layer.
The invention also provides a perovskite solar cell prepared by the perovskite solar cell preparation method, which comprises a conductive glass layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and an Ag electrode layer.
The invention creatively combines the mature spraying technology, the screen printing technology and the variable electric field treatment technology to form a whole set of production line capable of producing perovskite solar cells on the rigid conductive substrate. The invention truly realizes the industrialized preparation flow of perovskite devices treated by the variable electric field, and realizes the seamless connection of the perovskite devices which are finished products by placing conductive glass sheets. The automatic preparation of the electric field treatment perovskite solar cell process is truly realized, and a large-area perovskite device can be prepared.
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automated electric field treatment perovskite apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of each layer of an electric field treated perovskite device according to example one;
the device comprises a scraper 11, a material pipe 12, a nozzle 13, a brush switch control end 14, a cavity 15, an outer cavity 16, a wire 17, a brush 18 and an upper electrode plate 19;
a 21-conductive glass layer, a 22-hole transport layer, a 23-perovskite layer, a 24-electron transport layer and a 25-Ag electrode;
a-a first ultrasonic spraying device, B-a second ultrasonic spraying device, C-an electric field processing device, D-a third ultrasonic spraying device and E-screen printing device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which make the technical contents thereof more clear and easy to understand. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the present invention is not limited to only the embodiments described herein.
In the drawings, like structural elements are referred to by like reference numerals and components having similar structure or function are referred to by like reference numerals. The dimensions and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention is not limited to the dimensions and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components is exaggerated in some places in the drawings for clarity of illustration.
As shown in fig. 1, the perovskite solar cell automatic production equipment comprises a first ultrasonic spraying device a, a second ultrasonic spraying device B, an electric field processing device C, a third ultrasonic spraying device D, a screen printing device E and a conveying device; the spraying device A, the second ultrasonic spraying device B, the electric field processing device C, the third ultrasonic spraying device D and the screen printing device E are sequentially arranged on the conveying device along the transmission direction.
The first ultrasonic spraying device A, the second ultrasonic spraying device B and the third ultrasonic spraying device D all comprise ultrasonic spraying control ends, a material pipe 12 and a nozzle 13, and the nozzle 13 is connected with the ultrasonic spraying control ends through the material pipe 12.
The electric field processing device C comprises a brush switch control end 14, a brush 18 or a conductive probe, an upper electrode plate 19 and a voltage amplifier, wherein the brush switch control end 14 controls the brush 18 or the conductive probe, the brush 18 or the conductive probe is connected with the anode of the voltage amplifier through a wire 17, and the upper electrode plate 19 is connected with the cathode of the voltage amplifier through the wire 17.
The electric field processing device C further comprises an optical magnifier.
The screen printing device E comprises a screen printing control end, a material pipe and a scraper 11, wherein the scraper 11 is connected with the screen printing control end through the material pipe.
The conveying device adopts a hollow ceramic cylinder, the ceramic cylinder comprises an inner cavity 15 and an outer cavity 16, the inner cavity 15 is used for being filled with water to form a water cooling circulation system, and the outer cavity 16 is a ceramic plate with a heating resistance wire inside.
The servo motors are arranged at the two ends of the ceramic cylinder, and the rolling system controls the servo motors to drive the ceramic cylinder to rotate.
The material to be treated by the automatic production equipment can be not only perovskite MAPbI 3 (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) Materials, but also other conductive substrates, such as perovskite/crystalline silicon stacked cells, FAPbI 3 (CH(NH 2 ) 2 PbI 3 )、CsPbI 3 、(FA a MA b Cs c )Pb(I x B y ) 3 (a+b+c＝1，x+y＝1)。
In addition, the size of the conductive substrate in the automatic equipment is not unique, and the conductive substrate can be replaced by a large-size conductive substrate for preparing a large-area device.
As shown in fig. 2, a perovskite solar cell manufactured by the above perovskite solar cell manufacturing method includes a conductive glass layer 21, a hole transport layer 22, a perovskite layer 23, an electron transport layer 24, and an Ag electrode layer 25. The conductive glass layer 21 serves as an anode of the battery, the hole transport layer 22 serves as an absorbing layer for transporting holes, the perovskite layer 23 serves as an absorbing layer for sunlight, the electron transport layer 24 serves as an electron transport layer, and the Ag electrode 25 serves as a cathode of the battery.
Example 1
1. The patterned ITO coated glass substrate (0.7 inch by 0.7 inch, sheet resistance +.10Ω/≡, light transmittance ≡83%) was sonicated in diluted detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) for 20 min, respectively.
2. After drying the patterned coated ITO in a vacuum oven, it was treated with ultraviolet-ozone (jeligt, USA) for 15 minutes and then transferred to an air-filled electric field process automation device.
3. Hole transport layer preparation, 2,3,5, 6-tetrafluoro-7, 7', 8' -tetracyanodimethyl-p-benzoquinone doped poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ] was dissolved in Chlorobenzene (CB) to form a mixed solution of 1mg/ml, and then stirred and heated at 70 ℃. The prepared solution was filtered with a polytetrafluoroethylene filter (0.45 μm) before spraying, and then the mixture was sprayed onto the patterned coated ITO substrate by the first ultrasonic spray coating a, followed by starting the self-heating function of the ceramic cylinder to heat-treat the hole transport layer, and annealing at 150 ℃ for 10 minutes. To obtain poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate. And then starting a cooling circulation system, cooling to room temperature, and conveying the substrate into a second ultrasonic spraying device B through a rolling cylinder.
4. The perovskite precursor solution is prepared from lead iodide (PbI) dissolved in a mixed anhydrous solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide/dimethyl sulfoxide (volume ratio is 9:1) 2 1.20M), methyl iodinated amine (MAI, 1M). The prepared solution was stirred at 60-70℃before use, and then filtered through a poly (tetrafluoroethylene) filter (0.45 μm) and sprayed onto poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine using a second ultrasonic spraying apparatus B]On the ITO substrate. Subsequently, the perovskite precursor film having a certain humidity is transferred to the electric field treatment device C to be treated under the preset electric field condition, and the brush automatically contacts the conductive glass substrate while the ceramic cylinder is subjected to the heat treatment (100 ℃ for 10 minutes).
5. And (3) preparing an electron transmission layer, namely opening cooling water in a ceramic roller in the electric field treatment device C, cooling the perovskite film after electric field treatment to room temperature, automatically separating an electric brush from a conductive glass substrate, and transferring the film into a third ultrasonic spraying device D by rolling the ceramic roller.
6. The film is placed in a third ultrasonic spraying device D, and then the fullerene derivative PC is passed through the knife edge of ultrasonic spraying equipment 61 BM solution (in CB) is sprayed on top of the perovskite layer. Filtration over a poly (tetrafluoroethylene) filter (0.45 μm) prior to ultrasonic sprayingThe prepared solution.
7. The conductive silver paste which is quickly dried at room temperature is printed on the fullerene derivative PC by a screen printing technology by rotating a ceramic cylinder to transfer a flake to a screen printing device E 61 On BM, an Ag (100 nm) electrode was fabricated.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the electric field treatment can automatically produce not only perovskite devices but also devices having similar structures as those of fig. 2, such as organic solar cells, perovskite/silicon-based stacked solar cells.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention without requiring creative effort by one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. An automatic perovskite solar cell production device is characterized by comprising a first ultrasonic spraying device, a second ultrasonic spraying device, an electric field processing device, a third ultrasonic spraying device, a screen printing device and a conveying device; the first ultrasonic spraying device, the second ultrasonic spraying device, the electric field processing device, the third ultrasonic spraying device and the screen printing device are sequentially arranged on the conveying device along the transmission direction, the conveying device adopts a hollow ceramic cylinder, the ceramic cylinder comprises an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the inner cavity is used for filling water to form a water cooling circulation system, the outer cavity is a ceramic plate with a built-in heating resistance wire, servo motors are arranged at two ends of the ceramic cylinder, and the servo motors are controlled by a rolling system to drive the ceramic cylinder to rotate; the first ultrasonic spraying device, the second ultrasonic spraying device and the third ultrasonic spraying device comprise ultrasonic spraying control ends, a material pipe and a nozzle, and the nozzle is connected with the ultrasonic spraying control ends through the material pipe; the electric field processing device comprises an electric brush or a conductive probe, an upper electrode plate and a voltage amplifier, wherein the electric brush or the conductive probe is connected with the anode of the voltage amplifier through a wire, and the upper electrode plate is connected with the cathode of the voltage amplifier through a wire; the electric field processing device also comprises an optical magnifier; the screen printing device comprises a screen printing control end, a material pipe and a scraper, wherein the scraper is connected with the screen printing control end through the material pipe; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, conducting glass layer treatment, namely, step 1.1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a patterned ITO coated glass substrate in diluted detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol in sequence; step 1.2, drying the glass substrate treated in the step one in a vacuum oven, treating the glass substrate with ultraviolet-ozone, and then transferring the glass substrate into electric field treatment automation equipment filled with air;
step 2, preparing a hole transport layer, namely dissolving 2,3,5, 6-tetrafluoro-7, 7', 8' -tetracyanodimethyl-p-benzoquinone doped poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ] in chlorobenzene, stirring and heating to form a mixed solution; step 2.2, filtering the mixed solution by using a polytetrafluoroethylene filter, spraying the mixed solution onto the glass substrate by using a first ultrasonic spraying device to form a hole transport layer, then starting a self-heating function of a ceramic cylinder to heat the hole transport layer, and performing annealing treatment to obtain a poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate; step 2.3, starting a cooling circulation system, cooling to room temperature, and then conveying the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate into a second ultrasonic spraying device through a ceramic cylinder;
step 3, preparing a perovskite layer, namely, step 3.1, forming a perovskite precursor solution by lead iodide and methyl iodized amine which are dissolved in a mixed anhydrous solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide/dimethyl sulfoxide, and heating and stirring the perovskite precursor solution; step 3.2, filtering the perovskite precursor solution by using a polytetrafluoroethylene filter, and spraying the perovskite precursor solution on the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]/ITO substrate by using a second ultrasonic spraying device to obtain a perovskite precursor film;
step 4, preparation of an Electron transport layer step 4.1, preparation of the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ]]Transferring the ITO substrate to an electric field treatment device for treating the perovskite precursor film, wherein a brush of the electric field treatment device automatically contacts the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine]An ITO substrate, and a ceramic cylinder under the electric field treatment device is subjected to heating treatment; step 4.2, opening cooling water in the ceramic cylinder under the electric field treatment device to cool the perovskite precursor film after electric field treatment to room temperature, wherein the electric brush automatically breaks away from the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine]ITO substrate, poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine]Transferring the ITO substrate to a third ultrasonic spraying device by rolling the ceramic cylinder; step 4.3 filtration of Fullerene derivative PC with polytetrafluoroethylene Filter 61 BM solution, fullerene derivative PC 61 The BM solution is sprayed on the perovskite precursor film through a nozzle of a third ultrasonic spraying device to form the fullerene derivative PC 61 BM layer, fullerene derivative PC 61 The BM layer is an electron transport layer;
step 5, ag electrode layer preparation, transfer of the poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine by rotation of the ceramic cylinder]Under the ITO substrate and a screen printing device, printing conductive silver paste which is quickly dried at room temperature on the fullerene derivative PC by a screen printing technology 61 And obtaining an Ag electrode layer on the BM layer.
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