CN112349194A - Novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device and comprehensive experiment method - Google Patents
Novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device and comprehensive experiment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a novel multi-functional water pump teaching combined experiment device and combined experiment method, belongs to hydraulic engineering auxiliary assembly technical field, and the device is structural to be connected by water pump unit, water tank, flowmeter, pressure differential sensor, connecting tube and butterfly valve and is constituteed, novel structure, can accomplish water pump performance experiment, water pump cavitation experiment, water pump series operation characteristic experiment and the experiment of water pump parallel operation characteristic through this experimental apparatus, and convenient operation has reduced the experiment cost, has improved experimental efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering auxiliary equipment, relates to a water pump experiment device and an experiment method, and particularly relates to a novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device and a comprehensive experiment method.
Background
Water lifting machinery in China has been developed from ancient times, and a water lifting tool is established at the beginning of the public yuan. For example, windmills, water powered waterwheel and manpower powered waterwheel make great contribution to agricultural irrigation. However, with the continuous progress of society and the rapid development of industry, machines relying on wind power, animal power and manpower are eliminated, and meanwhile, a water lifting tool, namely a water pump, which is efficient and rapid is provided. The water pump rotates the impeller by using the motor or the internal combustion engine, all mechanical energy of the impeller is converted into energy of water, and the quality of the machine can be distinguished compared with the machine driven by the water pump. In the rapid development of water pump production and application, the figure of the water pump can be seen in industry, agriculture and other departments. However, with the use of water pumps in large quantities, there are many problems to be solved, such as the study on the performance of the water pump, why the water pump generates cavitation, how to solve the problem, and so on, which are obtained by experimental simulation.
At present, the achievable experiment variety of traditional water pump comprehensive properties laboratory bench is few at present, accomplishes water pump series operation characteristic experiment and water pump parallel operation characteristic experiment and needs two sets of equipment, and the used area of experiment is big, and the fund that consumes is many, and the key can't accomplish in same group of instrument, and the operation is inconvenient, and the experimentation is complicated, and the experimental efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device and a comprehensive experiment method aiming at the defects of a traditional water pump experiment table in the using process, which can complete a water pump series-parallel running characteristic experiment, a cavitation experiment and a variable-rotating-speed performance experiment in a group of instruments, are convenient to operate, can reduce the experiment cost and improve the experiment efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device comprises a first base and a second base; the method is characterized in that: the experimental device is formed by connecting a first water pump unit, a first water tank, a second water pump unit, a second water tank, a plurality of connecting pipelines and a plurality of butterfly valves; the first water pump unit is fixedly connected to the first base, the first water tank is fixedly arranged behind the first base, the second water pump unit is fixedly connected to the second base, the second water tank is fixedly arranged behind the second base, a first water inlet port is formed in the top of the first water tank, a first water outlet port and a second water outlet port are formed in the bottom of the first water tank, a second water inlet port is formed in the top of the second water tank, a third water outlet port and a fourth water outlet port are formed in the bottom of the second water tank, the first water inlet port is communicated with the second water inlet port through a third connecting pipeline, the second water outlet port is communicated with the fourth water outlet port through a second connecting pipeline, a third butterfly valve is arranged on the second connecting pipeline in parallel connection, and the first water outlet port is connected with the water inlet end of the first water pump unit through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter, the water outlet end of the first water pump unit is connected with the water inlet end of the second water pump unit through a first connecting pipeline, the third water outlet port is connected and communicated with the first connecting pipeline through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a second flowmeter, the water outlet end of the second water pump unit is connected and communicated with the third connecting pipeline through a fifth connecting pipeline, the fifth connecting pipeline is provided with a second series butterfly valve, a fourth connecting pipeline is arranged between the first connecting pipeline and the third connecting pipeline, the fourth connecting pipeline is provided with a first parallel butterfly valve, a third series butterfly valve is arranged between the first water inlet port and a node of the fourth connecting pipeline, a fourth series butterfly valve is arranged between a node of the fourth connecting pipeline and a node of the fifth connecting pipeline, and a second parallel butterfly valve is arranged between a node of the fifth connecting pipeline and the second water inlet port, be equipped with first series connection butterfly valve between fourth connecting tube's the node and the node of third outlet port, be equipped with first differential pressure sensor on the first base, first differential pressure sensor's one end and first outlet port intercommunication, the other end and first connecting tube intercommunication, be equipped with second differential pressure sensor on the second base, second differential pressure sensor's one end and first connecting tube intercommunication, the other end with fifth connecting tube intercommunication.
The top parts of the first water tank and the second water tank are respectively provided with a left flange connected with a vacuum pump, a right flange connected with the atmosphere and a pressure gauge for measuring the internal pressure of the water tanks; the bottoms of the first water tank and the second water tank are both provided with a bracket.
The first water pump unit and the second water pump unit are formed by connecting a horizontal centrifugal pump, an intermediate torque meter and a motor.
A novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment method comprises the following steps:
(1) water pump performance test
Measuring the flow Q, the lift H, the shaft power N, the revolution N and the like through a performance experiment by using the experiment table, and drawing an experimental performance curve Q-H, Q-N, Q-eta of the water pump under the condition that N is kept unchanged;
the method comprises the following steps: closing the second water pump set, closing the first series butterfly valve and the fourth series butterfly valve, only enabling the left first water pump set to work, before the experiment begins, closing the butterfly valve at the first water outlet end, checking whether the pointer of a pressure gauge of the water tank is zero or not, checking whether the wiring of a flow meter is correct and reliable or not, using a manual coupling to be flexible or not, then starting a vacuum pump at the top of the first water tank to pump the water pump and the air in a water suction pipe, filling water in the water pump, closing the vacuum pump after the experiment is completed, starting the first water pump set, waiting for the stability of the indication number of a pressure gauge of the water tank, then turning the first parallel butterfly valve at the outlet of the water pump and the third series butterfly valve to be in a fully open state, measuring the revolution number of the water pump by using a revolution meter after the water pump is stabilized, measuring the flow rate by the flow meter, simultaneously recording the indication number, in the process, a plurality of points can be taken, and the working conditions of the water pump valve at full opening and the no-load position with zero flow are required to be measured; in the process of adjusting the valve and measuring parameters, the measurement working condition points of the experimental performance curve are uniformly distributed as much as possible, a plurality of points are collected near the highest-efficiency working condition point, and the Q-H, Q-N, Q-eta characteristic curve is drawn by using the obtained parameters after the experiment is finished;
(2) cavitation test of water pump
The flow rate is kept to be a fixed value in the working range of the water pump, the vacuum degree of the inlet of the water pump is extracted through a vacuum pump connected to the top of the water tank to reduce the effective cavitation allowance delta ha, and cavitation is generated when the effective cavitation allowance is smaller than or equal to the necessary cavitation allowance of the water pump;
the method comprises the following steps: closing a first water pump unit, closing a first series butterfly valve and a fourth series butterfly valve, only enabling a second water pump unit to work, checking whether each experimental device and measuring instrument are normal or not before starting, starting the second water pump unit, adjusting a second series butterfly valve at a water pump outlet to enable the flow to be a certain value, closing a water tank ventilation valve, starting a vacuum pump to enable a water pump inlet to form a certain vacuum degree, recording the lift H, the flow Q and the effective cavitation allowance delta H at the momentaRepeatedly starting a vacuum pump to extract the vacuum at the inlet of the water pump, and recording the parameters; during the measurement, if the head H slightly changes, encrypted measurement should be performed at the point, that is, the vacuum pump pumps micro vacuum and records parameters, the step is repeated until the head H drops suddenly, and the point is the critical cavitation point under the flow, so that the corresponding critical cavitation allowance delta H can be determinedarAfter the critical cavitation point under the flow is finished, opening a vent valve at the right side of the top of the water tank to enable the pressure to be atmospheric pressure, and then adjusting a valve at the outlet of the water pump to repeat the steps to carry out the cavitation experiment of the next flow point;
(3) experiment of series operation characteristics of water pump
Closing a first parallel butterfly valve, a second parallel butterfly valve and a third parallel butterfly valve, firstly utilizing a vacuum pump to pump and fill water for a first water pump unit, filling water from a water tank, enabling water flow to enter the water pump unit through a water inlet pipeline, obtaining energy through the water pump unit, starting the first serial butterfly valve after the pressure of the water pump unit is stable, closing the vacuum pump, starting the second serial butterfly valve, the third serial butterfly valve and the fourth serial butterfly valve, enabling the water flow to enter the second water pump unit through a water outlet pipeline where the first serial butterfly valve is located, enabling the water flow to enter a water outlet pipeline where the second butterfly valve is located after the water flow is pressurized through the second water pump unit, enabling the water flow to flow back to the first water tank through a pipeline where the second serial butterfly valve to the fourth serial butterfly valve is located, and enabling the water flow to circularly flow in the serial system to form a water; the flow meter records the flow of the series experiment at the moment, and the differential pressure sensors of the first water pump unit and the second water pump unit record the lift of the series operation;
(4) water pump parallel operation characteristic experiment
Closing the first series butterfly valve, the second series butterfly valve and the third series butterfly valve, opening the fourth series butterfly valve, opening a butterfly valve at the first water outlet end, opening a vacuum pump to pump air and fill water, opening the first parallel butterfly valve after the water is filled, sucking water from the water tank by the two water pump units, respectively entering water outlet pipelines of the water pump units after the water is pressurized by energy obtained by the water pump, and enabling the water flow of the left water outlet pipeline to only flow through the pipeline where the fourth series butterfly valve is located due to the closing of the first series butterfly valve and the third series butterfly valve, the water flow flowing into the pipeline where the fourth series butterfly valve is positioned converges with the water flow flowing out of the second water pump unit at the pipeline where the second parallel butterfly valve is positioned, then the water flows into the second water tank and the first water tank in sequence, and the water flows circularly in the parallel system to form a water pump parallel system; the flow of this parallel experiment is recorded through the flowmeter, and the lift of this parallel experiment is recorded to the pressure differential sensor, and this experiment will adjust the reading that parallel water pump unit exit butterfly valve made the pressure gauge equal basically simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device and the comprehensive experiment method provided by the invention are structurally formed by connecting a water pump unit, a water tank, a flowmeter, a differential pressure sensor, a connecting pipeline and a butterfly valve, have a novel structure, can be used for completing a water pump performance experiment, a water pump cavitation experiment, a water pump series operation characteristic experiment and a water pump parallel operation characteristic experiment, are convenient to operate, reduce the experiment cost and improve the experiment efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the series water pump according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the parallel water pumps of the present invention.
In the figure: the water pump system comprises a first water pump unit 1, a second water pump unit 2, a first flowmeter 3, a first differential pressure sensor 4, a first connecting pipeline 5, a first series butterfly valve 6, a first parallel butterfly valve 7, a second series butterfly valve 8, a third series butterfly valve 9, a fourth series butterfly valve 10, a second parallel butterfly valve 11, a third parallel butterfly valve 12, a first base 13, a second base 14, a second flowmeter 15, a second differential pressure sensor 16, a first water tank 17, a second water tank 18, a first water inlet port 19, a second water inlet port 20, a first water outlet port 21, a third water outlet port 22, a third connecting pipeline 23, a second connecting pipeline 24, a fourth connecting pipeline 25, a fifth connecting pipeline 26, a second water outlet port 27 and a fourth water outlet port 28.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1, a novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device is composed of a first water pump unit 1, a first water tank 17, a second water pump unit 2, a second water tank 18, a plurality of connecting pipelines and a plurality of butterfly valves which are connected; the first water pump unit 1 is fixedly connected on a first base 13, a first water tank 17 is fixedly arranged behind the first base 13, a second water pump unit 2 is fixedly connected on a second base 14, a second water tank 18 is fixedly arranged behind the second base 14, a first water inlet port 19 is arranged at the top of the first water tank 17, a first water outlet port 21 and a second water outlet port 27 are arranged at the bottom of the first water tank 17, a second water inlet port 20 is arranged at the top of the second water tank 18, a third water outlet port 22 and a fourth water outlet port 28 are arranged, the first water inlet port 19 is communicated with the second water inlet port 20 through a third connecting pipeline 23, the second water outlet port 27 is communicated with the fourth water outlet port 28 through a second connecting pipeline 24, a third parallel butterfly valve 12 is arranged on the second connecting pipeline 24, the first water outlet port 21 is connected with the water inlet end of the first water pump unit 1 through a pipeline, a first flowmeter 3 is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet end of the first water pump set 1 is connected with the water inlet end of the second water pump set 2 through a first connecting pipeline 5, a third water outlet port 22 is connected and communicated with the first connecting pipeline 5 through a pipeline, a second flowmeter 15 is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet end of the second water pump set 2 is connected and communicated with a third connecting pipeline 23 through a fifth connecting pipeline 26, a second series butterfly valve 8 is arranged on the fifth connecting pipeline 26, a fourth connecting pipeline 25 is arranged between the first connecting pipeline 5 and the third connecting pipeline 23, a first parallel butterfly valve 7 is arranged on the fourth connecting pipeline 25, a third series butterfly valve 9 is arranged between the first water inlet port 19 and the node of the fourth connecting pipeline 25, a fourth series butterfly valve 10 is arranged between the node of the fourth connecting pipeline 25 and the node of the fifth connecting pipeline 26, a second parallel butterfly valve 11 is arranged between the node of the fifth connecting pipeline 26 and the second water inlet port 20, a first series butterfly valve 6 is arranged between a node of the fourth connecting pipeline 25 and a node of the third water outlet port 22, a first differential pressure sensor 4 is arranged on the first base 13, one end of the first differential pressure sensor 4 is communicated with the first water outlet port 21, the other end of the first differential pressure sensor 4 is communicated with the first connecting pipeline 5, a second differential pressure sensor 16 is arranged on the second base 14, one end of the second differential pressure sensor 16 is communicated with the first connecting pipeline 5, and the other end of the second differential pressure sensor is communicated with the fifth connecting pipeline 26.
As shown in fig. 1, a novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device is characterized in that a left flange connected with a vacuum pump, a right flange connected with the atmosphere and a pressure gauge for measuring the internal pressure of a water tank are arranged at the top of each of a first water tank 17 and a second water tank 18; the bottoms of the first water tank 17 and the second water tank 18 are provided with brackets; the first water pump unit 1 and the second water pump unit 2 are formed by connecting a horizontal centrifugal pump, an intermediate torque meter and a motor.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment method is as follows:
(1) water pump performance test
Measuring the flow Q, the lift H, the shaft power N, the revolution N and the like through a performance experiment by using the experiment table, and drawing an experimental performance curve Q-H, Q-N, Q-eta of the water pump under the condition that N is kept unchanged;
the method comprises the following steps: closing the second water pump set 2, closing the first series butterfly valve 6 and the fourth series butterfly valve 10, only enabling the left first water pump set 1 to work, before the experiment begins, closing the butterfly valve at the first water outlet end, checking whether a pointer of a pressure gauge of a water tank is zero, checking whether the wiring of a flow meter is correct and reliable, using a manual coupling to be flexible, starting a vacuum pump at the top of the first water tank 17 to pump air in the water pump and a water suction pipe, filling water in the water pump, closing the vacuum pump after the water pump is completed, starting the first water pump set 1, waiting for the stability of the indication of the pressure gauge of the water tank, rotating the first parallel butterfly valve 7 and the third series butterfly valve 9 at the outlet of the water pump to a full open state, measuring the revolution number of the water pump by using a revolution meter after the water pump is stabilized, measuring the flow rate by the flow meter, simultaneously recording the indication measuring lift of a differential pressure sensor, and gradually reducing, in the process, a plurality of points can be taken, and the working conditions of the water pump valve at full opening and no-load position with zero flow are required to be measured; in the process of adjusting a valve and measuring parameters, measuring working condition points of an experimental performance curve are uniformly distributed as much as possible, a plurality of points are collected near a maximum-efficiency working condition point, and a Q-H, Q-N, Q-eta characteristic curve is drawn by using the obtained parameters after the experiment is finished;
(2) cavitation test of water pump
The flow rate is kept to be a fixed value in the working range of the water pump, and the effective cavitation allowance delta h is reduced by pumping the vacuum degree of the inlet of the water pump through a vacuum pump connected to the top of the water tankaWhen the effective cavitation allowance is less than or equal to the necessary cavitation allowance of the water pump, cavitation is generated;
the method comprises the following steps: close first water pump set 1, close first series butterfly valve 6, fourth series butterfly valve 10, only make second water pump set 2 carry out work, check each experimental facilities and measuring instrument before beginning earlier whether normal, start second water pump set 2 after that, adjust water pump outlet second series butterfly valve 8, make the flow be a definite value, close the water tank breather valve, open the vacuum pump, make the water pump import form certain vacuum, note lift H this moment, flow Q, effective cavitation surplus delta HaRepeatedly starting a vacuum pump to extract the vacuum at the inlet of the water pump, and recording the parameters; during the measurement process, if the lift H slightly changes, encrypted measurement should be carried out at the position, namely the vacuum pump extracts micro vacuum and records parameters, the step is repeated until the lift H is steeply reduced, the point is the critical cavitation point under the flow, and the corresponding critical cavitation allowance delta H can be determinedarAfter the critical cavitation point under the flow is finished, opening a vent valve at the right side of the top of the water tank to make the pressure of the air be high, and then adjusting a valve at the outlet of the water pump to repeat the steps to carry out the cavitation experiment of the next flow point;
(3) experiment of series operation characteristics of water pump
Closing a first parallel butterfly valve 7, a second parallel butterfly valve 11 and a third parallel butterfly valve 12, firstly utilizing a vacuum pump to pump air and fill water for a first water pump unit 1, filling water from a water tank, enabling water flow to enter a water pump unit through a water inlet pipeline, obtaining energy through the water pump unit, starting a first series butterfly valve 6 after the pressure of the water pump unit is stable, closing the vacuum pump, starting a second series butterfly valve 8, a third series butterfly valve 9 and a fourth series butterfly valve 10, enabling the water flow to enter a second water pump unit 2 through a water outlet pipeline where the first series butterfly valve 6 is located, enabling the water flow to enter a water outlet pipeline where the second butterfly valve is located after the water flow is pressurized through the second water pump unit 2, enabling the water flow to flow through pipelines where the second to fourth series butterfly valves are located and then return to the first water tank, and enabling the water flow to circularly flow in the series system, so that the water pump series system is; the flow meter records the flow of the series experiment at the moment, and the differential pressure sensors of the first water pump unit 1 and the second water pump unit 2 record the lift of the series operation;
(4) water pump parallel operation characteristic experiment
Closing the first series butterfly valve 6, the second series butterfly valve 8 and the third series butterfly valve 9, opening the fourth series butterfly valve 10, opening the butterfly valve at the first water outlet end, opening the vacuum pump to pump air and fill water, opening the first parallel butterfly valve 7 after the water filling is finished, sucking water from the water tank by the two water pump sets, respectively entering the water outlet pipes of the water pump sets after the water flow obtains energy and pressure through the water pumps, converging the water flow of the left water outlet pipe with the water flow flowing out of the second water pump set 2 at the pipe of the second parallel butterfly valve 11 due to the closing of the first series butterfly valve 6 and the third series butterfly valve 9, and then sequentially flowing into the second water tank 18 and the first water tank 17, wherein the water flow circulates in the parallel system, a water pump parallel system is formed; the flow of this parallel experiment is recorded through the flowmeter, and differential pressure sensor records the lift of this parallel experiment, and this experiment will adjust the reading that parallelly connected water pump unit exit butterfly valve made the manometer equal basically simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1. A novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device comprises a first base (13) and a second base (14); the method is characterized in that: the experimental device is formed by connecting a first water pump unit (1), a first water tank (17), a second water pump unit (2), a second water tank (18), a plurality of connecting pipelines and a plurality of butterfly valves; the first water pump unit (1) is fixedly connected to the first base (13), the first water tank (17) is fixedly arranged behind the first base (13), the second water pump unit (2) is fixedly connected to the second base (14), the second water tank (18) is fixedly arranged behind the second base (14), a first water inlet port (19) is arranged at the top of the first water tank (17), a first water outlet port (21) and a second water outlet port (27) are arranged at the bottom of the first water tank (17), a second water inlet port (20) is arranged at the top of the second water tank (18), a third water outlet port (22) and a fourth water outlet port (28) are arranged at the bottom of the second water tank (17), the first water inlet port (19) is communicated with the second water inlet port (20) through a third connecting pipeline (23), and the second water outlet port (27) is communicated with the fourth water outlet port (28) through a second connecting pipeline (24), a third parallel butterfly valve (12) is arranged on the second connecting pipeline (24), the first water outlet port (21) is connected with the water inlet end of the first water pump unit (1) through a pipeline, a first flowmeter (3) is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet end of the first water pump unit (1) is connected with the water inlet end of the second water pump unit (2) through a first connecting pipeline (5), the third water outlet port (22) is connected and communicated with the first connecting pipeline (5) through a pipeline, a second flowmeter (15) is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet end of the second water pump unit (2) is connected and communicated with the third connecting pipeline (23) through a fifth connecting pipeline (26), a second series butterfly valve (8) is arranged on the fifth connecting pipeline (26), a fourth connecting pipeline (25) is arranged between the first connecting pipeline (5) and the third connecting pipeline (23), a first parallel butterfly valve (7) is arranged on the fourth connecting pipeline (25), a third series butterfly valve (9) is arranged between the first water inlet port (19) and the node of the fourth connecting pipeline (25), a fourth series butterfly valve (10) is arranged between the node of the fourth connecting pipeline (25) and the node of the fifth connecting pipeline (26), a second parallel butterfly valve (11) is arranged between the node of the fifth connecting pipeline (26) and the second water inlet port (20), a first series butterfly valve (6) is arranged between the node of the fourth connecting pipeline (25) and the node of the third water outlet port (22), a first differential pressure sensor (4) is arranged on the first base (13), one end of the first differential pressure sensor (4) is communicated with the first water outlet port (21), the other end of the first differential pressure sensor is communicated with the first connecting pipeline (5), a second differential pressure sensor (16) is arranged on the second base (14), one end of the second differential pressure sensor (16) is communicated with the first connecting pipeline (5), and the other end of the second differential pressure sensor is communicated with the fifth connecting pipeline (26).
2. The novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top parts of the first water tank (17) and the second water tank (18) are respectively provided with a left flange connected with a vacuum pump, a right flange connected with the atmosphere and a pressure gauge for measuring the internal pressure of the water tanks; the bottoms of the first water tank (17) and the second water tank (18) are both provided with a bracket.
3. The novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first water pump unit (1) and the second water pump unit (2) are formed by connecting a horizontal centrifugal pump, an intermediate torque meter and a motor.
4. A novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment method is characterized in that the novel multifunctional water pump teaching comprehensive experiment device of any one of claims 1-3 is used, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) water pump performance test
Measuring the flow Q, the lift H, the shaft power N, the revolution N and the like through a performance experiment by using the experiment table, and drawing an experimental performance curve Q-H, Q-N, Q-eta of the water pump under the condition that N is kept unchanged;
the method comprises the following steps: closing the second water pump unit (2), closing the first series butterfly valve (6) and the fourth series butterfly valve (10), only enabling the left first water pump unit (1) to work, before the experiment begins, closing the butterfly valve at the first water outlet end, checking whether a pointer of a water tank pressure gauge is zero, checking whether a flowmeter is correctly and reliably wired, using a light coupler to determine whether the left first water pump unit (1) is flexible, then starting a vacuum pump at the top of the first water tank (17) to pump air in a water pump and a water suction pipe, filling water in the water pump, closing the vacuum pump after the completion and starting the first water pump unit (1), turning the first parallel butterfly valve (7) and the third series butterfly valve (9) at the water pump outlet to a fully-opened state after the indication of the water tank pressure gauge is stabilized, measuring the revolution of the water pump by using a revolution meter after the stabilization, measuring the flow by the flowmeter, simultaneously recording the indication of a differential pressure sensor to measure the lift, and then gradually reducing the first parallel butterfly, in the process, a plurality of points can be taken, and the working conditions of the water pump valve at full opening and no-load position with zero flow are required to be measured; in the process of adjusting a valve and measuring parameters, measuring working condition points of an experimental performance curve are uniformly distributed as much as possible, a plurality of points are collected near a maximum-efficiency working condition point, and a Q-H, Q-N, Q-eta characteristic curve is drawn by using the obtained parameters after the experiment is finished;
(2) cavitation test of water pump
The flow rate is kept to be a fixed value in the working range of the water pump, and the effective cavitation allowance delta h is reduced by pumping the vacuum degree of the inlet of the water pump through a vacuum pump connected to the top of the water tankaWhen the effective cavitation allowance is less than or equal to the necessary cavitation allowance of the water pump, cavitation is generated;
the method comprises the following steps: close first water pump unit (1), with first series butterfly valve (6), fourth series butterfly valve (10) are closed, only make second water pump unit (2) carry out work, whether each experimental facilities of inspection and measuring instrument are normal before beginning, start second water pump unit (2) after that, adjust water pump export second series butterfly valve (8), make the flow be a definite value, close water tank breather valve, open the vacuum pump, make the water pump import form certain vacuum degree, note lift H this moment, flow Q, effective cavitation surplus delta HaRepeatedly starting a vacuum pump to extract the vacuum at the inlet of the water pump, and recording the parameters; during the measurement process, if the head H changes slightly, encrypted measurement should be carried out at the point, namely the vacuum pump extracts micro vacuum and records the parameters, and the step is repeated until the parameters are recordedThe head H is sharply reduced, and the point is the critical cavitation point under the flow, and the corresponding critical cavitation allowance delta H can be determinedarAfter the critical cavitation point under the flow is finished, opening a vent valve at the right side of the top of the water tank to enable the pressure to be atmospheric pressure, and adjusting a valve at the outlet of the water pump to repeat the steps to carry out the cavitation experiment of the next flow point;
(3) experiment of series operation characteristics of water pump
The first parallel butterfly valve (7), the second parallel butterfly valve (11) and the third parallel butterfly valve (12) are closed, the first water pump unit (1) is pumped and filled with water by a vacuum pump, the water tank is filled with water, the water flow enters the water pump unit through the water inlet pipeline, the energy is obtained through the water pump unit, the first series butterfly valve (6) is opened after the pressure of the water pump unit is stable, the vacuum pump is closed, the second series butterfly valve (8), the third series butterfly valve (9) and the fourth series butterfly valve (10) are opened, water flow enters the second water pump unit (2) from a water outlet pipeline where the first series butterfly valve (6) is located, the water flow enters a water outlet pipeline where the second butterfly valve is located after being pressurized by the second water pump unit (2), then the water flow flows through a pipeline where the second to fourth series butterfly valves are located and then returns to the first water tank, and the water flow circularly flows in the series system, so that the water pump series system is formed; the flow meter records the flow of the series experiment at the moment, and the differential pressure sensors of the first water pump unit (1) and the second water pump unit (2) record the lift of the series operation;
(4) water pump parallel operation characteristic experiment
Closing the first series butterfly valve (6), the second series butterfly valve (8) and the third series butterfly valve (9), opening the fourth series butterfly valve (10), opening the butterfly valve at the first water outlet end, opening the vacuum pump to pump air and fill water, opening the first parallel butterfly valve (7) after the water filling is finished, sucking water from the water tank by the two water pump units, enabling the water flow to respectively enter the water outlet pipelines of the water pump units after being pressurized by energy obtained by the water pumps, converging the water flow flowing into the pipeline of the fourth series butterfly valve (10) with the water flow flowing out of the second water pump unit (2) at the pipeline of the second parallel butterfly valve (11) due to the closing of the first series butterfly valve (6) and the third series butterfly valve (9), and sequentially flowing into the second water tank (18) and the first water tank (17), the water flow circularly flows in the parallel system to form a water pump parallel system; the flow of this parallel experiment is recorded through the flowmeter, and differential pressure sensor records the lift of this parallel experiment, and this experiment will adjust the reading that parallelly connected water pump unit exit butterfly valve made the manometer equal basically simultaneously.
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| CN113763774A (en) * | 2021-08-29 | 2021-12-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Series pipeline system for simulating forced circulation flow characteristics under rolling motion |
| CN114483560A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-13 | 三峡大学 | Water pump comprehensive experiment platform for teaching |
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| CN202404819U (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-08-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Mobile serial-parallel comprehensive experimental device for water pump |
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Application publication date: 20210209 |