CN112344729A - Double-chamber furnace - Google Patents
Double-chamber furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112344729A CN112344729A CN202011087943.4A CN202011087943A CN112344729A CN 112344729 A CN112344729 A CN 112344729A CN 202011087943 A CN202011087943 A CN 202011087943A CN 112344729 A CN112344729 A CN 112344729A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/20—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/085—Preheating of the charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0875—Two zones or chambers, e.g. one used for charging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
- F27B2014/146—Recuperation of lost heat, e.g. regenerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
- F27D2017/007—Systems for reclaiming waste heat including regenerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
- F27M2001/01—Charges containing mainly non-ferrous metals
- F27M2001/012—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/13—Smelting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-chamber furnace, which comprises an aluminum liquid heating chamber, a waste melting chamber, an aluminum liquid circulating system, a waste gas heat exchange system, a heat accumulating type combustion system, a control system and a feeding system, wherein the aluminum liquid heating chamber is arranged in the waste melting chamber; the aluminum liquid heating chamber is used for providing main energy for smelting and discharging the aluminum liquid after the temperature of the aluminum liquid is adjusted to be proper, and a set of heat accumulating type burners are arranged on one side furnace wall of the aluminum liquid heating chamber and are used for generating heat and keeping the furnace temperature of the aluminum liquid heating chamber within a set range; because the waste gas is discharged through the heat exchanger after high-temperature combustion, and harmful substances such as nitride, dioxin and the like are removed, the environment is protected, and the air is not polluted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of double-chamber furnaces, in particular to a double-chamber furnace.
Background
The double chamber furnace is a smelting device for process scrap aluminum materials.
The double-chamber furnace divides a partition wall for a traditional reverberatory furnace into a heating chamber and a waste material chamber, is developed on the basis of a side well reverberatory furnace, has the main advantages of low waste gas discharge, energy conservation, low metal loss and high production efficiency, and is particularly suitable for smelting secondary aluminum; however, the existing double-chamber furnace is not provided with an electromagnetic pump well and a waste gas preheating material, the temperature of the discharged waste gas is high, waste is caused by the waste, the production efficiency is low, the waste gas is not utilized, and the environment is further polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-chamber furnace, which solves the problems that the existing double-chamber furnace is not provided with an electromagnetic pump well and a waste gas preheating material, the temperature of the discharged waste gas is high, the waste is caused by the waste, the production efficiency is low, the waste gas is not utilized, and the environment is further polluted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a double-chamber furnace comprises an aluminum liquid heating chamber, a waste melting chamber, an aluminum liquid circulating system, a waste gas heat exchange system, a heat accumulating type combustion system, a control system and a feeding system;
the aluminum liquid heating chamber is used for providing main energy for smelting, adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid appropriately and then discharging the aluminum liquid, and a set of heat accumulating type burners are arranged on one side furnace wall of the aluminum liquid heating chamber and are used for generating heat and keeping the furnace temperature of the aluminum liquid heating chamber within a set range;
the scrap melting chamber is used for feeding and melting aluminum scraps with heavy pollution, a partition wall is arranged between the scrap melting chamber and the aluminum liquid heating chamber, two channels are opened and closed in the partition wall, the two channels are respectively used for passing flue gas and aluminum liquid, a furnace door is arranged on one side of the scrap melting chamber, a sealed feeding machine is arranged at the furnace door, and the feeding machine is used for feeding various aluminum scraps into the scrap melting chamber and preheating and melting the aluminum scraps;
a channel with a gate valve is arranged at the upper part of a middle partition wall between the waste melting chamber and the aluminum liquid feeding chamber and is used for balancing the furnace pressure between the two chambers;
the molten aluminum circulating system comprises an electromagnetic pump, a waste melting chamber molten pool and a molten aluminum heating chamber molten pool;
the electromagnetic pump well is used for driving aluminum alloy liquid, the aluminum alloy liquid enters the waste melting chamber from the molten pool of the aluminum liquid heating chamber through the electromagnetic pump well for melting, then the energy of the aluminum liquid heating chamber is transferred to the waste melting chamber, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the waste melting chamber is gradually raised, a main heat source is provided for melting waste, and the aluminum liquid in the waste melting chamber returns to the aluminum liquid heating chamber through an aluminum liquid channel on a partition wall of the two chambers;
the heat accumulating type combustion system comprises two heat accumulating boxes loaded with spherical ceramic heat accumulators, a group of reversing valves and burners;
and high-temperature flue gas of the aluminum liquid heating chamber enters the heat storage box under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan.
Furthermore, one side of the aluminum liquid heating chamber is provided with a furnace door, and the furnace door is used for adding process waste, aluminum ingots and clean raw materials.
Furthermore, a preheating platform, a flue gas circulating fan and an auxiliary heating burner are arranged at the position, close to the furnace door, of the waste melting chamber;
the auxiliary heating burner is used for providing a heat source when necessary and keeping the room temperature of the waste melting chamber within a set range;
the flue gas circulating fan preheats the waste placed on the preheating platform by utilizing the hot flue gas of the chamber, and sends a part of the flue gas of the waste melting chamber into the aluminum liquid heating chamber through a flue.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic pump makes the high-speed flowing aluminum liquid form a vortex for adding fine crushed materials for reducing metal burning loss, wherein the fine crushed materials comprise aluminum scraps, granular metal magnesium, granular metal silicon and crushed aluminum materials.
Furthermore, the feeding system comprises a furnace door, a feeding vehicle and a smoke hood, and the furnace door, the feeding vehicle and the smoke hood are in sealed butt joint through the control system;
wherein the feeding time of the feeding vehicle is less than 5min each time, and the feeding time is about 2t each time.
Furthermore, the heat accumulating type combustion system has two states, wherein the two states are controlled by a reversing valve and alternately exhaust smoke or supply combustion-supporting air to a combustor;
in the state 1, the temperature of the waste gas is rapidly reduced to about 150 ℃ after the waste gas passes through the heat storage box, and the waste gas is discharged, so that the re-synthesis of nitride and dioxin is avoided;
and 2, adding a set of combustion system in the scrap melting chamber, wherein the combustion system is a standby heating system, and when the temperature of the scrap melting chamber is insufficient, the system can automatically work to supplement heat in time so as to maintain the required temperature of the scrap melting chamber.
Furthermore, the main heat source of the scrap melting chamber is high-temperature aluminum liquid and waste gas which are from an aluminum liquid heating chamber and enter the chamber through an electromagnetic pump system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the double-chamber furnace has the advantages of low temperature of discharged waste gas, utilization of the waste gas for heating materials, energy saving, preheating of the materials, soaking and melting, less metal burning loss, high production efficiency, suitability for smelting of secondary aluminum and cutting scrap or melting of fine particle aluminum, and capability of protecting the environment and avoiding air pollution because the waste gas is discharged through a heat exchanger after high-temperature combustion and harmful substances such as nitride, dioxin and the like are removed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a double chamber furnace of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the method, the first step,
as shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a dual chamber furnace includes an aluminum liquid heating chamber, a waste melting chamber, an aluminum liquid circulating system, a waste gas heat exchanging system, a regenerative combustion system, a control system, and a charging system;
the aluminum liquid heating chamber is used for providing main energy for smelting and discharging the aluminum liquid after the temperature of the aluminum liquid is adjusted to be proper, and a set of heat accumulating type burners are arranged on one side furnace wall of the aluminum liquid heating chamber and are used for generating heat and keeping the furnace temperature of the aluminum liquid heating chamber within a set range;
wherein, one side of the aluminum liquid heating chamber is provided with a furnace door, the furnace door is used for adding process waste, aluminum ingots and clean raw materials, the materials entering the chamber are heated and melted under the action of flame and heat radiation, and a feeder can be omitted.
The waste melting chamber is used for feeding and melting aluminum waste with heavy pollution, a partition wall is arranged between the waste melting chamber and the aluminum liquid heating chamber, two channels are opened and closed in the partition wall, the two channels are respectively used for passing through smoke and aluminum liquid, a furnace door is arranged on one side of the waste melting chamber, a sealed feeding machine is arranged at the position of the furnace door, and the feeding machine is used for feeding various aluminum waste materials into the waste melting chamber, preheating and melting the aluminum waste materials;
a channel with a gate valve is arranged at the upper part of a middle partition wall between the waste melting chamber and the aluminum liquid feeding chamber and is used for balancing the furnace pressure between the two chambers;
the waste melting chamber is mainly used for feeding and melting heavy aluminum waste, the chamber and the aluminum liquid heating chamber are separated by partition walls with passages at the upper part and the lower part, the two passages are respectively used for smoke and aluminum liquid to pass through, a sealed feeding machine is arranged at the furnace door opening of the waste melting chamber and is used for feeding various waste aluminum materials into the chamber for preheating and melting, a preheating platform, a smoke circulating fan and an auxiliary heating burner are arranged near the furnace door opening, the auxiliary heating burner is used for providing a heat source when necessary and keeping the room temperature of the waste melting chamber within a set range, the smoke circulating fan firstly preheats the waste placed on the preheating platform by using hot smoke of the chamber and secondly sends part of the smoke of the waste melting chamber into the aluminum liquid heating chamber through a flue, and as the smoke of the waste melting chamber contains a certain amount of pyrolysis gas, the smoke is thoroughly combusted and decomposed into harmless inorganic substances in the heating chamber under the temperature environment of 950-1000, the energy is saved, and the dioxin in the waste melting chamber and the aluminum liquid feeding chamber is damaged, and a channel with a gate valve is arranged at the upper part of a middle partition wall of the waste melting chamber and the aluminum liquid feeding chamber and used for balancing the furnace pressure between the two chambers. The main heat source of the waste melting chamber is high-temperature aluminum liquid and a certain amount of waste gas which are from an aluminum liquid heating chamber and enter the chamber through an electromagnetic pump system.
The aluminum liquid circulating system comprises an electromagnetic pump, a scrap melting chamber molten pool and an aluminum liquid heating chamber molten pool.
Wherein, the electromagnetic pump is also called electromagnetic pump well or electromagnetic mixer.
And the electromagnetic pump well is used for driving aluminum alloy liquid, the aluminum alloy liquid enters the waste melting chamber from the molten pool of the aluminum liquid heating chamber through the electromagnetic pump well for melting, the energy of the aluminum liquid heating chamber is transferred to the waste melting chamber, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the waste melting chamber is gradually raised, a main heat source is provided for melting waste, and the aluminum liquid in the waste melting chamber returns to the aluminum liquid heating chamber through an aluminum liquid channel on a partition wall of the two chambers, so that an aluminum liquid circulation process is completed.
The system has the advantages that the temperature and the components of molten pool aluminum liquid are more uniform due to the forced stirring effect generated by aluminum liquid circulation, the electromagnetic pump well in the system enables the high-speed flowing aluminum liquid to form a vortex, the vortex can be used for adding fine and broken materials such as aluminum scraps, granular metal magnesium, granular metal silicon and broken aluminum materials, the burning loss of metal can be effectively reduced by feeding from the position, the melting efficiency is improved, continuous feeding without opening a furnace door can be realized if appropriate feeding equipment is matched, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and energy is effectively saved.
The heat accumulating combustion system includes two heat accumulating boxes with spherical ceramic heat accumulator, one set of reversing valves and burners, the high temperature fume in the aluminum liquid heating chamber enters the heat accumulating boxes under the negative pressure of the draught fan, one side of the aluminum liquid heating chamber has furnace door for adding technological waste, aluminum ingot and clean material, the waste melting chamber has preheating platform, fume circulating fan and auxiliary heating burner near the furnace door, and the auxiliary heating burner is used to provide heat source and maintain the room temperature in the waste melting chamber in set range Granular metal magnesium, granular metal silicon and crushed aluminum materials, wherein the feeding system comprises a furnace door, a feeding vehicle and a smoke hood, and the furnace door, the feeding vehicle and the smoke hood are in sealed butt joint through a control system;
wherein the feeding time of the feeding vehicle is less than 5min each time, and the feeding time is about 2t each time.
The heat accumulating type combustion system has two states, wherein the two states are controlled by a reversing valve and alternately exhaust smoke or supply combustion-supporting air to a combustor;
in the state 1, the temperature of the waste gas is rapidly reduced to about 150 ℃ after the waste gas passes through the heat storage box, and the waste gas is discharged, so that the re-synthesis of nitride and dioxin is avoided;
a set of combustion system is added in the scrap melting chamber, the combustion system is a standby heating system, when the temperature of the scrap melting chamber is insufficient, the system can automatically work to supplement heat in time so as to maintain the required temperature of the scrap melting chamber. Wherein, the main combustion system of the double chamber furnace adopts a heat accumulating type combustion mode. The high-temperature flue gas (waste gas) of the aluminum liquid heating chamber enters the heat storage box under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan, the heat storage combustion system consists of two heat storage boxes loaded with spherical ceramic heat storage bodies, a group of reversing valves, burners and the like, and the heat storage combustion system has two working states, wherein the two working states are controlled by the reversing valves and alternately discharge smoke or supply combustion-supporting air to the burner. The temperature of the waste gas is rapidly reduced to about 150 ℃ after the waste gas passes through the heat storage box, and the waste gas is discharged, so that the re-synthesis of nitride and dioxin is effectively avoided; in addition, a set of combustion system is added in the scrap melting chamber, the combustion system is a standby heating system, when the temperature of the scrap melting chamber is insufficient, the system can automatically work to supplement heat in time so as to maintain the required temperature of the scrap melting chamber.
The main heat source of the waste melting chamber is high-temperature aluminum liquid and waste gas which are from an aluminum liquid heating chamber and enter the chamber through an electromagnetic pump system.
In order to ensure the thermal efficiency of the double-chamber furnace, reduce the energy consumption and the opening times of the furnace door when the furnace door is opened to the greatest extent, the double-chamber furnace is provided with a special sealed feeding vehicle, the feeding vehicle has short feeding time (the feeding time is less than 5min each time), the feeding efficiency is high (about 2t each time), the furnace door, the feeding vehicle and the smoke hood can be butted in a sealed mode during feeding, efficient feeding is realized, little smoke in a waste melting chamber is discharged into a factory building, the working environment on site is not polluted by smoke, a control system of the double-chamber furnace effectively connects all subsystems together, and the melting temperature, the smoke temperature, the aluminum liquid circulation, the hot air circulation, the furnace pressure, the furnace temperature, the smoke discharge, the safety chain, the emergency state and the like are organically combined together.
The energy saving of the double-chamber furnace is determined by the process characteristics, and through calculation, the natural gas consumption of each ton of the secondary aluminum raw material from melting to 740 ℃ is estimated to be about 70-80 cubic meters.
The combustion system of the double-chamber furnace adopts a heat accumulating type combustion mode, combustion-supporting air is preheated to 600 ℃ by using high-temperature waste gas of the furnace, and the discharge temperature of the waste gas of the furnace is controlled to be 120-180 ℃, so that the waste heat of the waste gas can be well utilized, and the heat loss is reduced to the maximum extent;
an electromagnetic circulating pump (or an electromagnetic stirrer) is arranged between the two chambers, so that the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid can be reduced through the circulation of the aluminum liquid, the local over-burning of the aluminum liquid is prevented, and the melting of the aluminum material is accelerated. The energy-saving effect is good, and the smelting quality is ensured; the waste gas combustion technology is adopted to carry out secondary combustion on the cracked waste gas generated during the combustion of the waste material, so that the heat of the cracked waste gas is fully utilized, and the fuel consumption is reduced; the furnace door is adopted for closed feeding, and compared with the furnace type of common open-furnace door feeding, the flue gas leakage, less temperature loss and better energy-saving effect are achieved; the combustion system has high automatic control level, the temperature control precision of each furnace chamber is within 100 ℃, and the temperature of furnace gas can be effectively and stably controlled not to be too high; in addition, the strong hot air circulation greatly enhances the heat exchange between the hot furnace gas and the waste materials, avoids the overhigh local temperature and improves the energy utilization rate.
In the general smelting process of secondary aluminum, except dust (which can be treated by other methods), substances such as nitride and dioxin which have serious harm to the environment are generated, and the design of a hearth of a double-chamber furnace, the design of hot air circulation, the design of a waste gas heat exchange system, the design of air supply and smoke exhaust, the temperature control of the hearth and the like are all to ensure that smoke stays for enough time above 950 ℃ before being discharged, so that the nitride and the dioxin are thoroughly decomposed and are quickly reduced to below 180 ℃ from above 950 ℃ in the waste gas heat exchange system, and the secondary synthesis of the nitride and the dioxin is avoided.
The energy consumption of the double-chamber furnace is about 70-80 cubic meters of natural gas, and the energy consumption of the old double-chamber furnace or single-chamber furnace is about 90-100 cubic meters of natural gas.
In conclusion, from the aspect of environmental protection, the furnace can reduce the emission of harmful gas to the maximum extent, not only meets the requirement of environmental protection, but also does not need auxiliary materials to treat the harmful gas, thereby reducing the cost; from the aspect of burning loss, because open fire does not exist in the furnace chamber for feeding the waste, the burning loss of the aluminum is greatly reduced, thereby improving the recovery rate and reducing the cost; from the aspect of energy consumption, the energy consumption of the double-chamber furnace is 20% lower than that of the single-chamber furnace, the energy consumption is reduced, and the waste gas recycling system is used for putting the heat of the waste gas into the waste material to the maximum extent, so that the waste material is heated to a certain temperature, and the energy consumption is reduced.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A double-chamber furnace is characterized by comprising an aluminum liquid heating chamber, a waste melting chamber, an aluminum liquid circulating system, a waste gas heat exchange system, a heat accumulating type combustion system, a control system and a feeding system;
the aluminum liquid heating chamber is used for providing main energy for smelting, adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid appropriately and then discharging the aluminum liquid, and a set of heat accumulating type burners are arranged on one side furnace wall of the aluminum liquid heating chamber and are used for generating heat and keeping the furnace temperature of the aluminum liquid heating chamber within a set range;
the scrap melting chamber is used for feeding and melting aluminum scraps with heavy pollution, a partition wall is arranged between the scrap melting chamber and the aluminum liquid heating chamber, two channels are opened and closed in the partition wall, the two channels are respectively used for passing flue gas and aluminum liquid, a furnace door is arranged on one side of the scrap melting chamber, a sealed feeding machine is arranged at the furnace door, and the feeding machine is used for feeding various aluminum scraps into the scrap melting chamber and preheating and melting the aluminum scraps;
a channel with a gate valve is arranged at the upper part of a middle partition wall between the waste melting chamber and the aluminum liquid feeding chamber and is used for balancing the furnace pressure between the two chambers;
the molten aluminum circulating system comprises an electromagnetic pump, a waste melting chamber molten pool and a molten aluminum heating chamber molten pool;
the electromagnetic pump well is used for driving aluminum alloy liquid, the aluminum alloy liquid enters the waste melting chamber from the molten pool of the aluminum liquid heating chamber through the electromagnetic pump well for melting, then the energy of the aluminum liquid heating chamber is transferred to the waste melting chamber, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the waste melting chamber is gradually raised, a main heat source is provided for melting waste, and the aluminum liquid in the waste melting chamber returns to the aluminum liquid heating chamber through an aluminum liquid channel on a partition wall of the two chambers;
the heat accumulating type combustion system comprises two heat accumulating boxes loaded with spherical ceramic heat accumulators, a group of reversing valves and burners;
and high-temperature flue gas of the aluminum liquid heating chamber enters the heat storage box under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan.
2. The double-chamber furnace of claim 1, wherein one side of the aluminum liquid heating chamber is provided with a furnace door, and the furnace door is used for adding process waste, aluminum ingots and clean raw materials.
3. The double chamber furnace of claim 1 wherein the scrap melting chamber is provided with a preheating platform, a flue gas recirculation fan, and an auxiliary heating burner adjacent to the port of the furnace door;
the auxiliary heating burner is used for providing a heat source when necessary and keeping the room temperature of the waste melting chamber within a set range;
the flue gas circulating fan preheats the waste placed on the preheating platform by utilizing the hot flue gas of the chamber, and sends a part of the flue gas of the waste melting chamber into the aluminum liquid heating chamber through a flue.
4. A double chamber furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic pump swirls the high-speed flowing aluminum liquid for adding the fine materials for reducing metal burning loss, wherein the fine materials are aluminum scraps, granular magnesium metal, granular silicon metal and crushed aluminum.
5. The double chamber furnace of claim 1, wherein the charging system comprises a furnace door, a batch charging car and a smoke hood, and the furnace door, the batch charging car and the smoke hood are hermetically butted through the control system;
wherein the feeding time of the feeding vehicle is less than 5min each time, and the feeding time is about 2t each time.
6. The double chamber furnace of claim 1, wherein the regenerative combustion system has two states, both of which are controlled by a reversing valve, to alternately discharge smoke or supply combustion air to the burner;
in the state 1, the temperature of the waste gas is rapidly reduced to about 150 ℃ after the waste gas passes through the heat storage box, and the waste gas is discharged, so that the re-synthesis of nitride and dioxin is avoided;
and 2, adding a set of combustion system in the scrap melting chamber, wherein the combustion system is a standby heating system, and when the temperature of the scrap melting chamber is insufficient, the system can automatically work to supplement heat in time so as to maintain the required temperature of the scrap melting chamber.
7. A double chamber furnace according to claim 1 wherein the primary source of heat for the scrap melting chamber is from the hot molten aluminum heating chamber through the electromagnetic pump system into the chamber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011087943.4A CN112344729A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Double-chamber furnace |
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| CN202011087943.4A CN112344729A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Double-chamber furnace |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113188331A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 凌征寿 | Special magnetic stirring double-chamber furnace for secondary aluminum smelting |
| CN117450783A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-01-26 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Vortex circulation feeding smelting furnace and method |
-
2020
- 2020-10-14 CN CN202011087943.4A patent/CN112344729A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113188331A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 凌征寿 | Special magnetic stirring double-chamber furnace for secondary aluminum smelting |
| CN117450783A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-01-26 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Vortex circulation feeding smelting furnace and method |
| CN117450783B (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-02-23 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Vortex circulation feeding smelting furnace and method |
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