CN112342337B - Dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device and method for converter flue gas - Google Patents
Dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device and method for converter flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN112342337B CN112342337B CN202011215354.XA CN202011215354A CN112342337B CN 112342337 B CN112342337 B CN 112342337B CN 202011215354 A CN202011215354 A CN 202011215354A CN 112342337 B CN112342337 B CN 112342337B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
- C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
- C21C2100/02—Treatment of the exhaust gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
- C21C2100/06—Energy from waste gas used in other processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device and method for converter flue gas, comprising a recovery and dust removal pipeline connected with an exhaust port of a converter, wherein a particle adhesion prevention mechanism and a dust collecting mechanism are sequentially arranged in the recovery and dust removal pipeline from bottom to top, and a plurality of uniformly distributed heat exchange mechanisms are arranged outside the recovery and dust removal pipeline; the flue gas of the converter is subjected to multistage waste heat recovery through a plurality of heat exchange mechanisms, the cooled flue gas passes through a particle adhesion preventing mechanism to carry out primary dust removal, the primary dust removed flue gas enters a dust collecting mechanism to carry out secondary dust removal, and the particle adhesion preventing mechanism is used for preventing the molten particles in the flue gas from being scattered and adhered to the inner wall of a recovery dust removing pipeline by wrapping the molten particles; the scheme effectively avoids the adhesion of the molten ash slag entrained by the high-temperature high-pressure flue gas to the ventilation pipeline, and improves the heat exchange efficiency of unit volume.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device and method for converter flue gas.
Background
The converter steelmaking uses molten iron, scrap steel and ferroalloy as main raw materials, and does not use external energy sources, and the steelmaking process is completed in the converter by utilizing the physical heat of molten iron and the heat generated by chemical reaction between molten iron components. The converter is divided into acid and alkaline according to refractory materials, and top blowing, bottom blowing and side blowing are arranged at the part which is blown into the converter according to gas; the gas types are classified into an air converter and an oxygen converter. The basic oxygen top-blown converter and the top-bottom combined blown converter are the most common steelmaking equipment because of high production speed, high yield, high single-furnace yield, low cost and low investment. The converter is mainly used for producing carbon steel, alloy steel and smelting copper and nickel.
In the steelmaking process, a great deal of brown flue gas is generated in the converter, and the main components of the brown flue gas are ferric oxide dust particles, high-concentration carbon monoxide gas and the like, so that the brown flue gas must be purified, recovered and comprehensively utilized to prevent environmental pollution, wherein the ferric oxide dust particles obtained from recovery equipment can be used for steelmaking; carbon monoxide can be used as a chemical raw material or fuel; the heat carried by the flue gas can be used for by-producing steam.
However, the existing waste heat recovery dust removal device has the following defects: the high-temperature hot gas generated by the converter contains molten iron oxide particles, and the iron oxide particles are easy to adhere in a pipeline of the waste heat recovery dust removal device to form a shielding layer, so that the efficiency of recovering the heat of the flue gas is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device and method for converter flue gas, which are used for solving the problems that iron oxide particles are easy to adhere in a pipeline of the waste heat recovery and dust removal device to form a shielding layer and influence the efficiency of flue gas heat recovery in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
the dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device for the converter flue gas comprises a recovery and dust removal pipeline connected with an exhaust port of a converter, wherein a particle adhesion prevention mechanism and a dust collecting mechanism are sequentially arranged in the recovery and dust removal pipeline from bottom to top, a plurality of uniformly distributed heat exchange mechanisms are arranged outside the recovery and dust removal pipeline, the tail end of the recovery and dust removal pipeline is connected with a fine dust removal chamber, and an air outlet of the fine dust removal chamber is connected with an air collecting tank;
the flue gas of converter from the bottom up carries out multistage waste heat recovery through a plurality of heat transfer mechanism in proper order to flue gas after the cooling passes prevent that granule adhesion mechanism carries out dust removal once, the flue gas of once removing dust gets into dust collection mechanism carries out secondary dust removal, prevent that granule adhesion mechanism is in order to avoid the scattered adhesion of molten state granule in the absorption flue gas to retrieve dust removal pipeline inner wall through the parcel, dust collection mechanism parallel cover is established retrieve dust removal pipeline's inboard and with the shielding granule in the flue gas is piled up retrieve dust removal pipeline inner wall.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the particle adhesion preventing mechanism comprises a plurality of filter screen plates which are arranged in the recycling dust removing pipeline and are distributed in a laminated mode, edges of the plurality of filter screen plates are sealed, the center positions of the filter screen plates are raised upwards, the filter screen plates are used for intercepting molten particles in flue gas of the converter, and when the temperature of the filter screen plate at the lowest layer is raised to a set temperature, the filter screen plates fall into the converter to be melted so as to recycle heat energy of the filter screen plates.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the recovery dust removing pipeline is sequentially divided into a primary cooling dust removing recovery section and a secondary cooling dust collecting section from bottom to top, the heat exchange mechanism is wrapped on the outer surfaces of the primary cooling dust removing recovery section and the secondary cooling dust collecting section, a cutting groove is formed in the surface of the primary cooling dust removing recovery section, a sealing panel is hinged to the cutting groove, an arc-shaped supporting plate is arranged at the lower end of the inner surface of the sealing panel, a plate placing groove is formed in the inner surface of the sealing panel above the arc-shaped supporting plate, a first baffle is installed on two parallel sides of the plate placing groove, a movable shifting plate is arranged in a gap between the first baffle and the object placing groove, a circular ring lower pressing plate is arranged at the upper end of the movable shifting plate, and the filter screen plate is pressed between the circular ring lower pressing plate and the movable shifting plate under the action of gravity.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the outer diameter of the circular ring lower pressing plate is the same as the inner diameter of the recovery dust removing pipeline, the distance between the installation position of the circular ring lower pressing plate and the upper end of the first baffle is the same as the height of the filter screen plate, the inner wall of the recovery dust removing pipeline is provided with a second baffle which is the same as the first baffle in position, and the first baffle and the second baffle are used for supporting the filter screen plate.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the filter screen plate comprises a collar and a high-temperature adsorption screen plate arranged on the inner surface of each collar, a plurality of evenly-distributed inner sinking grooves are formed in the upper surface of each collar, a plurality of evenly-distributed inserting rods are arranged on the lower surface of each collar and fixed in the inner sinking grooves so as to vertically laminate the plurality of collars, and the collars which are vertically laminated cover the plate placing grooves and the inner surface of the recovery dust removing pipeline so as to wrap particles in flue gas inside the high-temperature adsorption screen plate.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, each lantern ring is connected with the high-temperature adsorption net plate through a melting transition ring, a plurality of uniformly distributed buckling points are arranged on the inner side edge of the melting transition ring, the buckling points on the inner edge of the melting transition ring are used for fixing the high-temperature adsorption net plate, the center of the high-temperature adsorption net plate is upwards convex, and the central curvature of all the high-temperature adsorption net plates is sequentially increased from bottom to top.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the lower surface of the high-temperature adsorption screen plate is provided with a plurality of protruding points, gaps between every two adjacent protruding points are used for adsorbing high-temperature particles in the flue gas, and the high-temperature adsorption screen plate is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed air outlet holes.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the widths of the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are the same, and the width of the first baffle plate is equal to the sum of the width of the collar and the width of the melt transition ring.
In addition, the invention provides a dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal method for converter flue gas, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, arranging a filter screen plate in a recovery dust removal pipeline, wherein the filter screen plate realizes first-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment of high-temperature flue gas;
step 200, enabling the flue gas filtered by the filter screen plate to enter a vacuum heat exchange mechanism, and performing heat exchange and cooling treatment on the high-temperature flue gas by the vacuum heat exchange mechanism so as to realize second-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment on the high-temperature flue gas;
step 300, guiding the flue gas subjected to the second-order waste heat recovery dust removal treatment into a fine dust removal chamber for three fine dust removal operations;
and 400, enabling the flue gas after the three times of fine dust removal to enter a gas collection chamber for collection.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in step 100, the specific implementation steps of the first-order waste heat recovery dust removal treatment of the high-temperature flue gas by the filter screen plate are as follows:
step 101, dividing a filter screen plate into a plurality of vertically-stacked flue gas adsorption plates, wherein the flue gas adsorption plates realize multi-layer filtration and waste heat absorption heating of high-temperature flue gas;
step 102, after each layer of flue gas adsorption plate is heated to a specific temperature, the lowest layer of flue gas adsorption plate and high-temperature flue gas are removed and sunk into the converter after heat transfer so as to recycle the residual temperature of the high-temperature flue gas;
step 103, the upper flue gas adsorption plate moves downwards to serve as the lowest flue gas adsorption plate, and the high-temperature flue gas is continuously subjected to dust removal and waste heat absorption.
Embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas can be prevented from scattering by the wrapped filtration of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, so that the molten ash slag carried by the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas is effectively prevented from adhering to the ventilation pipeline, and the heat exchange efficiency per unit volume is improved;
(2) When the filtering mechanism reaches the filtering limit, the waste heat of the flue gas absorbed by the filtering mechanism is recycled by automatically falling into the converter and then smelting, so that the waste heat recycling efficiency of the flue gas of the converter is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments of sizes, which do not affect the efficacy or the achievement of the present invention, should fall within the ambit of the technical disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a semi-sectional structure of a secondary cooling dust collection section in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single filter screen plate structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a collar structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a laminated structure of a filter screen plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for recovering waste heat and removing dust in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a recovery dust removal pipeline; 2-a particle adhesion prevention mechanism; 3-a dust collection mechanism; 4-a heat exchange mechanism; 5-a fine dust removal chamber; 6-a gas collection tank; 7-cutting grooves; 8-sealing the panel; 9-arc-shaped supporting plates; 10-placing a plate groove; 11-a first baffle; 12-a movable displacement plate; 13-a ring lower pressing plate; 14-a second baffle;
101-a first-stage cooling, dedusting and recycling section; 102-a secondary cooling dust collection section;
201-a filter screen plate;
2011-collar; 2012, high-temperature adsorption mesh plate; 2013-an inner sink; 2014-An Chagan; 2015-a molten transition ring; 2016-snap points; 2017-bump; 2018-air outlet holes.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device and method for converter flue gas, in the embodiment, high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas scattering can be avoided through wrapping filtration of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, so that molten ash slag carried by the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas is effectively prevented from adhering to a ventilation pipeline, the heat exchange efficiency per unit volume is improved, and meanwhile, when the filtering mechanism in the embodiment reaches the filtering limit, the filtering mechanism automatically falls to a converter for smelting, so that the waste heat of the flue gas absorbed by the filtering mechanism is recycled, and the waste heat recovery efficiency of the converter flue gas is improved.
The dust collection device specifically comprises a recovery dust collection pipeline 1 connected with an exhaust port of a converter, wherein a particle adhesion prevention mechanism 2 and a dust collection mechanism 3 are sequentially arranged inside the recovery dust collection pipeline 1 from bottom to top, a plurality of uniformly distributed heat exchange mechanisms 4 are arranged on the outer side of the recovery dust collection pipeline 1, the tail end of the recovery dust collection pipeline 1 is connected with a fine dust collection chamber 5, and an air outlet of the fine dust collection chamber 5 is connected with an air collection tank 6.
The flue gas of the converter sequentially passes through a plurality of heat exchange mechanisms 4 from bottom to top to be subjected to multistage waste heat recovery, the recovery dust removal pipeline 1 sequentially comprises a primary cooling dust removal recovery section 101 and a secondary cooling dust collection section 102 from bottom to top, and the heat exchange mechanisms 4 are wrapped on the outer surfaces of the primary cooling dust removal recovery section 101 and the secondary cooling dust collection section 102.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the heat conductivity of the recovery dust collecting pipe 1 is not fixed, and the primary cooling section 101 and the secondary cooling dust collecting section 102 are heat conducting pipes, so that the heat exchange mechanism 4 timely absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas at the outer surfaces of the primary cooling dust collecting section 101 and the secondary cooling dust collecting section 102.
The flue gas after the cooling passes through the particle adhesion prevention mechanism 2 and carries out primary dust removal, and the flue gas of primary dust removal enters the dust collection mechanism 3 and carries out secondary dust removal, and particle adhesion prevention mechanism 2 is through the molten state granule in the parcel absorption flue gas in order to avoid molten state granule scattering adhesion at retrieving dust removal pipeline 1 inner wall, and dust collection mechanism 3 parallel sleeve is established in retrieving dust removal pipeline 1's inboard and is piled up at retrieving dust removal pipeline 1 inner wall with the granule in the shielding flue gas.
Generally, the temperature of the converter flue gas is 700-800 ℃, so that the components of the high-temperature flue gas of the converter are mostly carbon monoxide gas with high concentration and iron oxide dust particles in a molten state, and the iron oxide particles can be put into the converter again for smelting after being recovered, so that the embodiment not only realizes the heat recovery of the high-temperature flue gas, but also can realize the recovery and utilization of the iron oxide particles.
The recovery of high-temperature flue gas mainly relies on the heat exchange mechanism 4 with multi-stage distribution to exchange heat, and the treatment process of the high-temperature flue gas by the recovery dust removal pipeline 1 in this embodiment is roughly divided into: the temperature reduction, dust removal and cooling dust removal integration, heat transfer mechanism 4 reduces the flue gas of high temperature high pressure to 350 ℃ to 450 ℃ in the first-stage cooling dust removal recovery section 101, the flue gas after the first-stage cooling further utilizes particle adhesion prevention mechanism 2 to recycle ferric oxide particles in the flue gas, the flue gas after the primary particle recovery is transferred into the second-stage cooling dust collection section 102 to carry out the second-stage cooling and dust removal operation, a large amount of ferric oxide particles are recycled, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 50 ℃ to 60 ℃, and finally the flue gas containing a small amount of ferric oxide particles is completely filtered by the fine dust removal chamber 5 and then is introduced into the gas collection tank 6 for storage.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the particle adhesion preventing mechanism 2 comprises a plurality of filter screen plates 201 which are installed inside the recovery dust removing pipeline 1 and are distributed in a stacked manner, edges of the plurality of filter screen plates 201 are sealed, the center positions of the filter screen plates 201 are raised upwards, the filter screen plates 201 are used for intercepting molten particles in flue gas of the converter, and when the temperature of the filter screen plate 201 at the lowest layer is raised to a set temperature, the filter screen plates 201 fall into the converter to be melted so as to recycle heat energy of the filter screen plates 201.
In this embodiment, the particles in a molten state adhere to the surface of the filter screen plate 201 to remove dust, and the flue gas from which the molten particles are removed enters the secondary cooling dust collection section 102 to perform the secondary cooling dust removal operation, but the iron oxide particles adhering to the filter screen plate 202 are not easy to remove, and the ventilation holes on the filter screen plate 202 are also blocked by the iron oxide after long-term use, so that the recycling value of the filter screen plate 201 is low. In addition, when the iron oxide particles adhere to the filter screen plate 202 and when the high-temperature flue gas passes through the filter screen plate 201, the filter screen plate 202 absorbs heat of the high-temperature flue gas, so that heat loss of the high-temperature flue gas occurs.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the filter screen plate 201 is designed to be automatically dropped, and when the filter screen plate 201 at the lowest layer is used for a certain time or the surface temperature is raised to the set value, the filter screen plate 201 at the lowest layer automatically drops into the converter to melt so as to recycle the heat energy of the filter screen plate 201.
As shown in fig. 2, the surface of the first-stage cooling, dedusting and recovering section 101 is provided with a cutting groove 7, a sealing panel 8 is hinged on the cutting groove 7, the lower end of the inner surface of the sealing panel 8 is provided with an arc-shaped supporting plate 9, the inner surface of the sealing panel 8 is provided with a plate placing groove 10 above the arc-shaped supporting plate 9, two parallel sides of the plate placing groove 10 are provided with a first baffle 11, a movable shifting plate 12 is arranged in a gap between the first baffle 11 and the object placing groove 10, the upper end of the movable shifting plate 12 is provided with a circular ring lower pressing plate 13, and the movable shifting plate 12 presses the filter screen plate 201 between the circular ring lower pressing plate 13 and the movable shifting plate 12 under the action of gravity.
The filter screen plate 201 of this embodiment is replaced and reinstalled by opening the sealing panel 8, and since the movable displacement plate 12 can move up and down, the number of layers of the filter screen plate 201 can be set as required, the maximum layer thickness is the same as the height of the plate placement groove 10, the movable displacement plate 12 presses the filter screen plate 201 between the annular lower pressure plate 13 and the movable displacement plate 12 under the action of gravity, and the installation and use stability of the filter screen plate 201 is improved.
The outer diameter of the circular ring lower pressing plate 13 is the same as the inner diameter of the recovery dust removing pipeline 1, the distance between the installation position of the circular ring lower pressing plate 13 and the upper end of the first baffle plate 11 is the same as the height of the filter screen plate 201, the inner wall of the recovery dust removing pipeline 1 is provided with a second baffle plate 14 which is the same as the first baffle plate 11 in position, and the first baffle plate 11 and the second baffle plate 14 are used for supporting the filter screen plate 201.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the filter screen 201 includes a collar 2011 and a high temperature adsorption screen 2012 mounted on an inner surface of each collar 2011, a plurality of evenly distributed inner sinking grooves 2013 are provided on an upper surface of each collar 2011, a plurality of evenly distributed inserting rods 2014 are provided on a lower surface of each collar 2011, the inserting rods 2014 are fixed in the inner sinking grooves 2013 to vertically laminate the plurality of collars 2011, and the vertically laminated collars 2011 cover an inner surface of the recovery dust removing pipeline 1 to wrap particles in flue gas inside the high temperature adsorption screen 2012.
Each collar 2011 is connected with the high-temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012 through a melting transition ring 2015, a plurality of evenly distributed buckling points 2016 are arranged on the inner side edge of the melting transition ring 2015, the buckling points 2016 of the inner edge of the melting transition ring 2015 are used for fixing the high-temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012, the center of the high-temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012 protrudes upwards, and the center curvature of all the high-temperature adsorption mesh plates 2012 increases from bottom to top in sequence.
It should be noted that, the flow rate of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas passing through the first-stage cooling and dedusting recovery section 101 is high, so that the cooling efficiency of the heat exchange mechanism 4 to the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas in the first-stage cooling section 101 is low, and the temperature of the flue gas after primary cooling is still high, so that the molten particles in the flue gas are filtered and collected by using the filter screen 201 in the embodiment.
The specific adsorption filtration principle is as follows: the filter screen plate 201 of this embodiment is not integrated into one piece, filter screen plate 201 is from outside to inside by lantern ring 2011, melting transition ring 2015 and high temperature adsorption screen plate 2012 are constituteed, fix in sink groove 2013 in order to range upon range of a plurality of lantern rings 2011 from top to bottom through the inserted link 2014, consequently the lantern ring 2011 of range upon range of from top to bottom is sealing state, therefore when flue gas passes through filter screen plate 201, can not shift to the inner wall of one-level cooling dust removal recovery section 101, thereby effectually avoid the fused state lime-ash adhesion that high temperature high pressure flue gas was carried in one-level cooling dust removal recovery section 101, unit volume heat exchange efficiency has been improved, the waste of the energy is avoided.
In addition, the high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 of this embodiment is protruding upwards, and the curved surface of high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 central point puts provides the space of temporary stay for the flue gas, avoids the flue gas to scatter and adhere molten ash in one-level cooling dust removal recovery section 101 under the effect of the resistance of high temperature adsorption net plate 2012, further improves ferric oxide's recovery efficiency, and it is still to be noted that, the central curvature of all high temperature adsorption net plates 2012 of this embodiment increases in proper order from the bottom up, consequently is equipped with accommodation space between two adjacent high temperature adsorption net plates 2012 of range upon range of distribution to guarantee the circulation smoothness of flue gas at high temperature adsorption net plate 2012, thereby improve the filtration efficiency of every high temperature adsorption net plate 2012.
The lower surface of high temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012 is provided with a plurality of protruding points 2017, the clearance between adjacent protruding points 2017 is used for adsorbing the high temperature granule in the flue gas to be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's venthole 2018 on the high temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012.
The gas in the high temperature flue gas continues to be transferred through the air outlet holes 2018 on the high temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012, and the molten state particles in the high temperature flue gas are fixedly adhered to the gaps among the plurality of protruding points 2017 on the surface of the high temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012, so that the recovery of the molten particles is realized, but after a period of use, more and more molten particles are necessarily adhered to the air outlet holes 2018 to be precipitated, so that the high temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012 cannot perform normal dust removal and filtration work.
In order to solve the above problem, after the high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 is used for a certain period of time, the high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 is continuously heated due to heat transfer of the high temperature flue gas, and the melting point of the melting transition ring 2012 is set to 400 ℃ to 450 ℃, so that when the temperature of the high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 is continuously high to the temperature range where the melting point is located, the buckling point 2016 at the inner edge of the melting transition ring 2015 is melted, the high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 is released, the lowest high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 is dropped into the converter to be smelted, the high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 at the upper layer becomes the high temperature adsorption net plate 2012 at the lowest layer, and the flue gas filtering operation is continuously performed.
In addition, the widths of the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 14 are the same, and the width of the first baffle 11 is equal to the sum of the width of the collar 2011 and the width of the melting transition ring 2012, when the fastening point 2016 melts, the collar 2011 is stably placed on the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 14, so that the collar 2011 can be recycled. And the melting transition ring 2015 and the high-temperature adsorption mesh plate 2012 fall into the converter to realize the recycling of the waste heat of the flue gas.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the invention also provides a dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal method for converter flue gas, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, arranging a filter screen plate in a recovery dust removal pipeline, wherein the filter screen plate realizes first-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment of high-temperature flue gas;
step 200, enabling the flue gas filtered by the filter screen plate to enter a vacuum heat exchange mechanism, and performing heat exchange and cooling treatment on the high-temperature flue gas by the vacuum heat exchange mechanism so as to realize second-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment on the high-temperature flue gas;
step 300, guiding the flue gas subjected to the second-order waste heat recovery dust removal treatment into a fine dust removal chamber for three fine dust removal operations;
and 400, enabling the flue gas after the three times of fine dust removal to enter a gas collection chamber for collection.
In step 100, the specific implementation steps of the first-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment of the high-temperature flue gas by the filter screen plate are as follows:
step 101, dividing a filter screen plate into a plurality of vertically-stacked flue gas adsorption plates, wherein the flue gas adsorption plates realize multi-layer filtration and waste heat absorption heating of high-temperature flue gas;
step 102, after each layer of flue gas adsorption plate is heated to a specific temperature, the lowest layer of flue gas adsorption plate and high-temperature flue gas are removed and sunk into the converter after heat transfer so as to recycle the residual temperature of the high-temperature flue gas;
step 102, the upper flue gas adsorption plate moves downwards to serve as the lowest flue gas adsorption plate, and the operation of dust removal and waste heat absorption on the high-temperature flue gas is continued.
The filter screen plate has the advantages of effectively filtering and removing molten particles in the flue gas, and the molten particles are effectively adhered to the filter screen plate with the rough surface, so that the flue gas dust removal effect is good, and the influence of the adhesion of the molten particles on the surface of a recovery dust removal pipeline on the recovery of waste heat of high-temperature flue gas by a heat exchange mechanism is effectively avoided; the second point is that, because of the design of the stacked filter screen plate, the filter screen plate at the lowest layer is used for filtering a large amount of particles, meanwhile, the temperature is raised fastest, air holes of the filter screen plate at the lowest layer are easy to be blocked, and particles adhered to the filter screen plate are difficult to clean and recycle, so that the filter screen plate in the embodiment automatically drops after being heated to a specified temperature after being used for a period of time and sinks into a converter to melt, and therefore, on one hand, filtered molten particles are recycled, and on the other hand, part of high-temperature flue gas heat is recycled.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. The dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device for the converter flue gas is characterized by comprising a recovery and dust removal pipeline (1) connected with an exhaust port of a converter, wherein a particle adhesion prevention mechanism (2) and a dust collecting mechanism (3) are sequentially arranged in the recovery and dust removal pipeline (1) from bottom to top, a plurality of uniformly distributed heat exchange mechanisms (4) are arranged outside the recovery and dust removal pipeline (1), the tail end of the recovery and dust removal pipeline (1) is connected with a fine dust removal chamber (5), and an air outlet of the fine dust removal chamber (5) is connected with an air collecting tank (6);
the flue gas of the converter sequentially passes through a plurality of heat exchange mechanisms (4) from bottom to top to be subjected to multistage waste heat recovery, the cooled flue gas passes through the particle adhesion preventing mechanism (2) to be subjected to primary dust removal, the primary dust removed flue gas enters the dust collecting mechanism (3) to be subjected to secondary dust removal, the particle adhesion preventing mechanism (2) is used for preventing molten particles in the flue gas from being scattered and adhered to the inner wall of the recovery dust removing pipeline (1) by wrapping the molten particles in the adsorbed flue gas, and the dust collecting mechanism (3) is parallelly sleeved on the inner side of the recovery dust removing pipeline (1) and is used for shielding the particles in the flue gas from being accumulated on the inner wall of the recovery dust removing pipeline (1);
the particle adhesion preventing mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of filter screen plates (201) which are arranged inside the recycling dust removing pipeline (1) and are distributed in a stacked mode, the edges of the filter screen plates (201) are sealed, the center positions of the filter screen plates (201) are upwards protruded, the filter screen plates (201) are used for intercepting molten particles in flue gas of the converter, and when the temperature of the filter screen plates (201) at the lowest layer is raised to a set temperature, the filter screen plates fall into the converter to be melted so as to recycle heat energy of the filter screen plates (201).
2. The dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device for converter flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the recovery and dust removal pipeline (1) is sequentially divided into a primary cooling and dust removal recovery section (101) and a secondary cooling and dust collection section (102) from bottom to top, the heat exchange mechanism (4) is wrapped on the outer surface of the primary cooling and dust removal recovery section (101) and the secondary cooling and dust collection section (102), a cutting groove (7) is formed in the surface of the primary cooling and dust removal recovery section (101), a sealing panel (8) is hinged on the cutting groove (7), an arc-shaped supporting plate (9) is arranged at the lower end of the inner surface of the sealing panel (8), a plate placing groove (10) is formed in the inner surface of the sealing panel (8) above the arc-shaped supporting plate (9), a first baffle plate (11) is arranged on two parallel sides of the plate placing groove (10), a movable shifting plate (12) is arranged in a gap between the first baffle plate (11) and the plate placing groove (10), a ring lower pressing plate (13) is arranged at the upper end of the movable shifting plate (12), and the movable shifting plate (12) is pressed by the ring pressing action of the movable ring (201) between the movable ring pressing plate and the movable ring pressing plate (13).
3. A dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal device for converter flue gas according to claim 2, wherein the outer diameter of the circular ring lower pressure plate (13) is the same as the inner diameter of the recovery and dust removal pipeline (1), the distance between the installation position of the circular ring lower pressure plate (13) and the upper end of the first baffle plate (11) is the same as the height of the filter screen plate (201), the inner wall of the recovery and dust removal pipeline (1) is provided with a second baffle plate (14) which is the same as the first baffle plate (11), and the first baffle plate (11) and the second baffle plate (14) are used for supporting the filter screen plate (201).
4. A dry waste heat recovery dust collector for converter flue gas according to claim 3, wherein the filter screen plate (201) comprises a collar (2011) and a high-temperature adsorption screen plate (2012) mounted on the inner surface of each collar (2011), a plurality of evenly distributed inner sink grooves (2013) are formed on the upper surface of each collar (2011), a plurality of evenly distributed insert rods (2014) are arranged on the lower surface of each collar (2011), the insert rods (2014) are fixed in the inner sink grooves (2013) to vertically laminate a plurality of collars (2011), and the collars (2011) which are vertically laminated cover the inner surfaces of the plate placing grooves (10) and the recovery dust collection pipeline (1) to wrap particles in flue gas inside the high-temperature adsorption screen plate (2012).
5. The dry type flue gas waste heat recovery and dust removal device for a converter according to claim 4, wherein each collar (2011) is connected with the high-temperature adsorption mesh plate (2012) through a melting transition ring (2015), a plurality of evenly distributed fastening points (2016) are arranged on the inner side edge of the melting transition ring (2015), the fastening points (2016) on the inner edge of the melting transition ring (2015) are used for fixing the high-temperature adsorption mesh plate (2012), the center of the high-temperature adsorption mesh plate (2012) is upwards protruded, and the central curvature of all the high-temperature adsorption mesh plates (2012) is sequentially increased from bottom to top.
6. The dry type flue gas waste heat recovery and dust removal device for a converter according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of protruding points (2017) are arranged on the lower surface of the high-temperature adsorption screen plate (2012), gaps between adjacent protruding points (2017) are used for adsorbing high-temperature particles in flue gas, and a plurality of uniformly distributed air outlet holes (2018) are formed in the high-temperature adsorption screen plate (2012).
7. The dry waste heat recovery and dust removal device for converter flue gas according to claim 5, wherein the first baffle (11) and the second baffle (14) have the same width, and the width of the first baffle (11) is equal to the sum of the width of the collar (2011) and the width of the melting transition ring (2015).
8. A dry waste heat recovery and dust removal method for converter flue gas, which is applied to the dry waste heat recovery and dust removal device for converter flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, arranging a filter screen plate in a recovery dust removal pipeline, wherein the filter screen plate realizes first-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment of high-temperature flue gas;
step 200, enabling the flue gas filtered by the filter screen plate to enter a vacuum heat exchange mechanism, and performing heat exchange and cooling treatment on the high-temperature flue gas by the vacuum heat exchange mechanism so as to realize second-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment on the high-temperature flue gas;
step 300, guiding the flue gas subjected to the second-order waste heat recovery dust removal treatment into a fine dust removal chamber for three fine dust removal operations;
and 400, enabling the flue gas after the three times of fine dust removal to enter a gas collection chamber for collection.
9. The dry type waste heat recovery and dust removal method for converter flue gas according to claim 8, wherein in step 100, the specific implementation steps of the first-order waste heat recovery and dust removal treatment for high-temperature flue gas by using the filter screen plate are as follows:
step 101, dividing a filter screen plate into a plurality of vertically-stacked flue gas adsorption plates, wherein the flue gas adsorption plates realize multi-layer filtration and waste heat absorption heating of high-temperature flue gas;
step 102, after the lowest layer of flue gas adsorption plate is heated to a specific temperature, the lowest layer of flue gas adsorption plate and the high-temperature flue gas are removed and sunk into the converter after heat transfer so as to recycle the residual temperature of the high-temperature flue gas;
step 103, the upper flue gas adsorption plate moves downwards to serve as the lowest flue gas adsorption plate, and the high-temperature flue gas is continuously subjected to dust removal and waste heat absorption.
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