CN112341300A - Micron-sized core-shell thermite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Micron-sized core-shell thermite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112341300A CN112341300A CN202011250244.7A CN202011250244A CN112341300A CN 112341300 A CN112341300 A CN 112341300A CN 202011250244 A CN202011250244 A CN 202011250244A CN 112341300 A CN112341300 A CN 112341300A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- shell
- thermite
- micron
- core
- sized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
- C06B45/30—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0083—Treatment of solid structures, e.g. for coating or impregnating with a modifier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a micron-sized core-shell thermite and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of mixing surface-treated micron-sized aluminum powder with sodium dodecyl sulfate, copper salt or nickel salt, heating to 80-85 ℃, adding a urea solution, and reacting for 3-6 hours at the temperature to obtain a precursor; and (3) preserving the heat of the precursor for 2-4 hours at 300-400 ℃ in an air environment to obtain the micron-sized core-shell thermite. The thermite prepared by the method consists of a micron-sized aluminum particle core and a metal oxide shell coated on the surface of the aluminum particle, wherein the shell is in a flower-like structure consisting of sheet metal oxides, and the metal oxides are CuO or NiO. The thermite shell prepared by the method is a flower-ball-shaped structure formed by flake copper oxide or nickel oxide vertically attached to the surface of aluminum, the core-shell structure is uniformly coated and monodispersed, is not agglomerated, has high heat release efficiency and more complete energy release, and is beneficial to improving the actual energy level and the energy release efficiency of the solid propellant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, relates to a composite solid propellant fuel or an aluminum explosive, and particularly relates to a micron-sized core-shell thermite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to increase the energy level of solid propellants, it is often necessary to add high energy fuels such as Al powder to the formulation. However, the Al powder is usually coated with a dense oxide (Al) on the surface during production and storage2O3) And refractory oxides of Al (e.g. Al) formed during the blasting process2O3Melting point 2320K) can prevent further oxidation of metal, greatly reduce the oxidation reaction rate of Al powder, lead to the problems of low energy release efficiency, poor combustion performance, difficult full energy release and small work contribution of the Al powder, and finally lead the actually measured energy level of the propellant to be far lower than the designed value. The Al powder and the metal oxide are compounded to form the thermite, which is an effective means for improving the combustion performance and energy release efficiency of the Al powder. In recent years, thermite is widely applied to the fields of propellant, war industry, smelting, firework and the like.
The nanometer thermite is always a research hotspot in the field of energetic materials at present. At least one group of Al powder or oxidant in the nano thermite is nano-sized. However, Al of the surface of nano Al powder2O3The oxide layer can not only hinder the thermal reaction and influence the reaction performance of the nano thermite, but also lead to the active aluminum content in the Al powderThe amount decreases, thereby reducing its energy level. In addition, the problems of easy particle agglomeration, low grain strength and the like exist in the processing and using processes of the nano thermite, and the application of the nano thermite in energetic materials is limited to a certain extent. Therefore, the monodisperse core-shell structure thermite which is uniformly coated with the nano metal oxide outside the micron-sized Al powder is designed and synthesized, the energy level of the thermite can not be reduced while the combustion reaction performance of the Al powder is improved, and good fluidity and dispersibility can be maintained in the processing and using processes.
The structural performance of the thermite is closely related to the preparation method and the process thereof. At present, methods commonly used for preparing thermite comprise a solid-phase reaction method, a high-energy ball milling method, a spray granulation method, a liquid-phase reduction method, a self-assembly method, a sol-gel method and the like, and the preparation methods are all thousands of years, but all have respective defects and limit the application and development of the thermite to a certain extent. For example: although the solid-phase reaction method has simple process and is easy for large-scale production, the prepared thermite is a physical mixture and is difficult to realize uniform compounding; although the high-energy ball milling method has simple preparation process and short time consumption, Al is easy to flake and the fluidity is reduced, impurities are easy to introduce in the ball milling process to cause the reduction of the purity of the product, and the danger of combustion is easy to occur in the passivation discharging process; although the spray granulation method can control the particle size, the sample uniformity is poor easily due to particle sedimentation, and the risks of friction, static electricity, needle blockage and the like exist; although the liquid phase reduction method has simple operation conditions and can realize uniform coating, toxic reducing agents such as hydrazine hydrate and the like or NaBH are required4、KBH4The reducing reaction is violent and generates a large amount of hydrogen with equal strength of reducing agent, so that the safety risk is higher; although the sol-gel method can realize uniform compounding or mixing at the molecular level, the raw materials are expensive, the cost is high, part of the raw materials have high toxicity, the experimental period is long, the drying process generates shrinkage, and the nanoparticles are easy to agglomerate.
In conclusion, a new simple synthesis method is developed, the thermite compounded on the molecular level is economically, environmentally and efficiently prepared under mild conditions, and the heat performance indexes such as the energy level, the heat release efficiency and the like of the thermite are improved, so that the method has important significance and practical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a micron-sized core-shell thermite and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing preparation method is high in cost and poor in environmental protection, and the prepared thermite particles are easy to agglomerate, low in energy release efficiency and poor in combustion performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a micron-sized core-shell thermite comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing surface-treated micron-sized aluminum powder with sodium dodecyl sulfate, copper salt or nickel salt, heating to 80-85 ℃, adding a urea solution, and reacting for 3-6 hours under the temperature condition to obtain a precursor;
the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 100-200: 1, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 2-16: 1, and the mass ratio of the urea to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 2.5-20: 1;
and 2, preserving the heat of the precursor in the step 1 for 2-4 hours at 300-400 ℃ in an air environment to obtain the micron-sized core-shell thermite.
Preferably, the metal copper salt is any one of copper sulfate, copper chloride, copper acetate and copper nitrate; the metal nickel salt is any one of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate and nickel nitrate.
Preferably, the particle size of the aluminum powder particles is 5-20 μm.
Preferably, the precursor heating conditions are specifically: heating to 300-400 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5-20 ℃/min under the air condition.
Specifically, the surface treatment method of the aluminum powder comprises the following steps: adding aluminum powder into distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment and stirring to uniformly disperse the aluminum powder, then adding an alkali solution with the same volume as the distilled water, performing stirring reaction for 5-15 min, performing suction filtration, and washing with distilled water to be neutral; wherein the concentration of the alkali solution is 0.1-0.3 mol/L; the alkaline solution is selected from NaOH solution, KOH solution, and ammonia solution.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 120:1, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 4:1, and the mass ratio of the urea to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 5: 1.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step 2 is 350-400 ℃.
The invention also discloses the micron-sized core-shell thermite prepared by the preparation method, which comprises a micron-sized aluminum particle core and a metal oxide shell coated on the surface of the aluminum particle, wherein the shell is a flower-shaped structure consisting of flaky metal oxides; the metal oxide is CuO or NiO.
Preferably, the combustion heat value of the thermite is 18610 to 23858J/g.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the mass of the metal oxide shell layer to the mass of the aluminum is 1: 6-50.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the thermite shell prepared by the method is of a flower-ball-shaped structure formed by flaky copper oxide or nickel oxide vertically attached to the surface of aluminum; as can be seen from the morphology of the prepared product, the core-shell structure is uniformly coated, monodisperse and free from agglomeration.
(2) The prepared thermit can realize the assembly of the aluminum powder of the metal fuel and an oxidant CuO or NiO on a molecular level, can reduce the reaction heat conduction distance and improve the mass transfer efficiency, and can be seen from specific thermal reaction data, the heat reaction performance of the Al powder is obviously improved, so that the composite material releases heat more intensely, has higher heat release efficiency and more complete energy release, and is beneficial to the improvement of the actual energy level and the energy release efficiency of the solid propellant.
(3) The preparation method is mild, economic and environment-friendly under the condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a thermite prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the thermite prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a thermogravimetric plot of 13 μm Al powder with the thermite prepared in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a DSC curve of 13 μm Al powder with the thermite prepared in example 1.
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of a thermite prepared in example 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 6.
FIG. 8 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the thermite prepared in example 5.
FIG. 9 is a thermogravimetric plot of 13 μm Al powder with the thermite prepared in example 5.
FIG. 10 is a DSC curve of 13 μm Al powder with the thermite prepared in example 5.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
The preparation method of the micron-sized core-shell thermite specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, treating the surface of aluminum powder, removing oxides on the surface of the aluminum powder, and increasing surface active sites; the preferable treatment method of the invention is as follows:
adding aluminum powder into distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment and stirring to uniformly disperse the aluminum powder, then adding an alkali solution with the same volume as the distilled water, performing stirring reaction for 5-15 min, performing suction filtration, and washing with distilled water to be neutral. The aqueous alkali is specifically NaOH solution, KOH solution and ammonia solution; wherein the concentration of the alkali solution is 0.1-0.3 mol/L.
And then mixing the surface-treated micron-sized aluminum powder with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), a metal copper salt or a metal nickel salt, heating to 80-85 ℃, adding a urea solution, and reacting for 3-6 hours under the temperature condition to obtain a precursor. Wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 100-200: 1, preferably 120:1, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 2-16: 1, preferably 4:1, the mass ratio of the urea to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 2.5-20: 1, preferably 5: 1.
the metal copper salt in the invention is preferably any one of copper sulfate, copper chloride, copper acetate and copper nitrate; the metal nickel salt in the present invention is preferably any of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate, and nickel nitrate. The particle size of the aluminum powder particles is 5-20 μm.
And 2, preserving the heat of the precursor in the step 1 in an air environment at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ for 2-4 h, preferably 350-400 ℃, and obtaining the micron-sized core-shell thermite. Further, the precursor heating conditions are specifically as follows: heating to 300-400 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5-20 ℃/min under the air condition.
The thermite prepared by the method is a core-shell type metastable intermolecular compound, and particularly, as can be seen from the morphology chart of the embodiment 1, the core-shell structure consists of a micron-sized aluminum particle core and a metal oxide shell coated on the surface of the aluminum particle, the shell is a flower-shaped structure consisting of sheet metal oxides, and the metal oxides are CuO or NiO.
The thermite can be used for solid propellant fuel, and contributes to the improvement of the actual energy level and the energy release efficiency of the solid propellant.
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of an Al/CuO core-shell material, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) surface treatment of Al powder:
weighing 2g of NaOH, adding the NaOH into 200mL of distilled water, and stirring to completely dissolve the NaOH to obtain 0.25mol/L of NaOH solution; weighing 6g of Al powder, adding the Al powder into 200mL of distilled water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, and stirring to uniformly disperse the Al powder in the water; and pouring the prepared NaOH solution into the Al powder dispersion liquid, placing the Al powder dispersion liquid in a fume hood, stirring and reacting for 7min, performing suction filtration and collection, and washing the obtained product with distilled water until the pH value is 7.
2) Synthesis of a precursor:
transferring the surface-treated Al powder into 1L of distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 2min, and stirring to uniformly disperse the Al powder in the water; 0.05g of SDS was added to the above dispersion,stirring for 5min to dissolve completely, and adding 1.5g CuSO4·5H2Heating in water bath to 80 ℃; weighing 7.5g of urea, adding the urea into 100mL of distilled water, stirring until the urea is completely dissolved, slowly dripping the prepared urea aqueous solution into the reaction system, and reacting for 3h at 80 ℃; and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, centrifugally collecting, washing to be neutral by using distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the precursor.
3) Synthesis of Al/CuO core-shell type material
And (3) putting the synthesized precursor material into a quartz ark, placing the quartz ark at the central position of a tube furnace, heating the quartz ark to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min from room temperature under the air condition, preserving the heat for 2h, and naturally cooling the quartz ark to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the product.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the product morphology diagrams under different magnifications can be obtained by combining the X-ray photoelectron energy spectrum of fig. 3, and the product is a core-shell structure formed by an Al core and an external CuO shell, and CuO is a flower-shaped structure standing upright on the surface of the Al particle.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that: the heating temperature in step 3) was 350 ℃.
The morphology of the product synthesized in this example is similar to that of the product of example 1, as shown by the obtained morphology of the product.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that: 6g of Al powder, 0.06g of SDS and CuSO4·5H2O is 3 g; namely the mass ratio of Al powder to SDS is 100:1, the Al powder to CuSO4·5H2The mass ratio of O is 2: 1.
The morphology of the product synthesized in this example was similar to that of the product of example 1.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that: 6g of Al powder, 0.03g of SDS and CuSO4·5H2O is 0.375 g; namely the mass ratio of Al powder to SDS is 200:1, the Al powder to CuSO4·5H2The mass ratio of O is 16: 1.
The morphology of the product synthesized in this example was similar to that of the product of example 1.
The thermite of example 1 was tested for thermal reaction performance and the results are shown in fig. 4 and 5:
FIG. 4 is a thermogravimetric plot (temperature rise rate of 20 deg.C/min) of the Al/CuO core-shell material prepared in example 1, Al powder reacted with air. As can be seen from the figure, in the air atmosphere, pure Al starts to generate a weak and slow oxidation weight increase phenomenon after 800 ℃, and the weight increase rate is only 13.3% when the temperature reaches 1200 ℃; and the Al/CuO core-shell material starts to generate obvious and rapid oxidation weight gain phenomenon after 800 ℃, and the weight gain rate reaches 41.8% when the temperature reaches 1200 ℃. In conclusion, the Al/CuO core-shell material prepared by the method has greatly improved thermal properties such as reaction rate with air, difficulty of oxidation reaction and the like.
FIG. 5 is a DSC curve (temperature increase rate of 20 ℃/min) of Al/CuO core-shell type material, Al powder and air reaction. As can be seen from the figure, the maximum exothermic heat flow rate (Q) of the oxidation exothermic peak of the oxidation reaction of the Al/CuO core-shell type material with airmax) And the heat release is obviously improved compared with pure Al. The heat release of pure Al is 2075J/g, while the heat release of the Al/CuO core-shell type material is improved to 6623J/g, which shows that the Al/CuO core-shell type material has higher heat release efficiency, more intense heat release and more complete energy release. The combustion heat value of the reaction of the Al/CuO core-shell material and oxygen is 23857.4J/g through the measurement of an oxygen bomb calorimeter.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of an Al/NiO core-shell material, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) surface treatment of Al powder:
2g of NaOH was weighed and added to 200mL of distilled water, and stirred to be completely dissolved, thereby obtaining a 0.25mol/L NaOH solution: weighing 6g of Al powder, adding the Al powder into 200mL of distilled water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, and stirring to uniformly disperse the Al powder in the water; and pouring the prepared NaOH solution into the Al powder dispersion liquid, placing the Al powder dispersion liquid in a fume hood, stirring and reacting for 7min, performing suction filtration and collection, and washing the obtained product with distilled water until the pH value is 7.
2) Synthesis of precursor material:
transferring the surface-treated Al powderTransferring into 1L distilled water, ultrasonic treating for 2min, and stirring to disperse in water; adding 0.05g SDS into the above dispersion, stirring for 5min to dissolve completely, and adding 1.9g NiSO4·6H2Heating in water bath to 85 ℃; weighing 8.6g of urea, adding the urea into 100mL of distilled water, stirring until the urea is completely dissolved, slowly dripping the prepared urea aqueous solution into the reaction system, and reacting for 2 hours at 85 ℃; and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, centrifugally collecting, washing to be neutral by using distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the precursor.
3) Synthesis of Al/NiO core-shell type material
And (3) putting the synthesized precursor material into a quartz ark, placing the quartz ark at the central position of a tube furnace, heating the quartz ark to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min from room temperature under the air condition, preserving the heat for 2h, and naturally cooling the quartz ark to room temperature after the reaction is finished to obtain the Al/NiO core-shell material.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, which are the morphology diagrams of the product under different magnifications, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in fig. 8 can be combined to obtain that the product is a core-shell structure formed by an Al core and an external NiO shell, wherein NiO is a flower-like structure standing on the surface of the Al particle.
Example 6
This example differs from example 5 in that: the heating temperature in step 3) was 350 ℃.
The morphology of the product synthesized in this example is similar to that of the product of example 5, as shown by the obtained morphology of the product.
Example 7
This example differs from example 1 in that: 6g of Al powder; SDS 0.06 g; NiSO4·6H2O is 3 g; namely the mass ratio of Al powder to SDS is 100:1, the mass ratio of Al powder to NiSO4·6H2The mass ratio of O is 2: 1.
The morphology of the product synthesized in this example was similar to that of the product of example 5.
Example 8
This example differs from example 1 in that: 6g of Al powder; SDS 0.03 g; NiSO4·6H2O is 0.375gThat is, the mass ratio of Al powder to SDS is 200:1, and Al powder and NiSO4·6H2The mass ratio of O is 16: 1.
The morphology of the product synthesized in this example was similar to that of the product of example 5.
The thermite of example 5 was tested for thermal reaction performance and the results are shown in fig. 9 and 10:
FIG. 9 is a thermogravimetric plot (temperature increase rate of 20 deg.C/min) of the Al/NiO core-shell material, Al powder and air reaction. As can be seen from the figure, in the air atmosphere, pure Al starts to generate a weak and slow oxidation weight increase phenomenon after 800 ℃, and the weight increase rate is only 13.3% when the temperature reaches 1200 ℃; and the Al/NiO core-shell MIC sample starts to generate obvious and rapid oxidation weight gain phenomenon after 800 ℃, and the weight gain rate reaches 41.1% when the temperature reaches 1200 ℃. In conclusion, the Al/NiO core-shell material prepared by the method has greatly improved thermal properties such as reaction rate with air, oxidation reaction difficulty and the like.
FIG. 10 is a DSC curve (temperature increase rate of 20 ℃/min) of the reaction of Al/NiO core-shell type material, Al powder and air. As can be seen from the figure, the maximum exothermic heat flow rate (Q) of the oxidation exothermic peak of the oxidation reaction of the Al/NiO core-shell type material with airmax) And the heat release is obviously improved compared with pure Al. The heat release of pure Al is 2075J/g, and the heat release of the Al/NiO core-shell type material is improved to 5468J/g, which shows that the Al/NiO core-shell type material has higher heat release efficiency, more intense heat release and more complete energy release. The combustion heat value of the reaction of the Al/NiO core-shell material and oxygen is 19574.8J/g through the measurement of an oxygen bomb calorimeter.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a micron-sized core-shell thermite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mixing surface-treated micron-sized aluminum powder with sodium dodecyl sulfate, copper salt or nickel salt, heating to 80-85 ℃, adding a urea solution, and reacting for 3-6 hours under the temperature condition to obtain a precursor;
the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 100-200: 1, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 2-16: 1, and the mass ratio of the urea to the metal copper salt or the metal nickel salt is 2.5-20: 1;
and 2, preserving the heat of the precursor in the step 1 for 2-4 hours at 300-400 ℃ in an air environment to obtain the micron-sized core-shell thermite.
2. The method for preparing a micron-sized core-shell thermite according to claim 1, wherein the metal copper salt is any one of copper sulfate, copper chloride, copper acetate and copper nitrate; the metal nickel salt is any one of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate and nickel nitrate.
3. The preparation method of the micron-sized core-shell thermite according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the aluminum powder particles is 5 to 20 μm.
4. The method for preparing the micron-sized core-shell thermite according to claim 1, wherein the precursor heating conditions are specifically as follows: heating to 300-400 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5-20 ℃/min under the air condition.
5. The method for preparing the micron-sized core-shell thermite according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment method of the aluminum powder comprises the following steps: adding aluminum powder into distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment and stirring to uniformly disperse the aluminum powder, then adding an alkali solution with the same volume as the distilled water, performing stirring reaction for 5-15 min, performing suction filtration, and washing with distilled water to be neutral; wherein the concentration of the alkali solution is 0.1-0.3 mol/L; the alkaline solution is selected from NaOH solution, KOH solution, and ammonia solution.
6. The method for preparing the micron-sized core-shell thermite according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 120:1, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder to the copper metal salt or the nickel metal salt is 4:1, and the mass ratio of the urea to the copper metal salt or the nickel metal salt is 5: 1.
7. The method for preparing the micron-sized core-shell thermite according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature in the step 2 is 350 to 400 ℃.
8. A micron-sized core-shell thermite prepared according to the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a micron-sized aluminum particle core and a metal oxide shell coated on the surface of the aluminum particle, wherein the shell is a flower-like structure consisting of sheet metal oxides; the metal oxide is CuO or NiO.
9. The micron-sized core-shell thermite of claim 8, wherein the thermite has a combustion heat value of 18610 to 23858J/g.
10. The micron-sized core-shell thermite of claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the metal oxide shell to the aluminum is from 1:6 to 50.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011250244.7A CN112341300A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Micron-sized core-shell thermite and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011250244.7A CN112341300A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Micron-sized core-shell thermite and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112341300A true CN112341300A (en) | 2021-02-09 |
Family
ID=74363176
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011250244.7A Pending CN112341300A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Micron-sized core-shell thermite and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112341300A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113307709A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 西北工业大学 | Core-shell aluminum @ perchlorate/catalyst composite microsphere and solid propellant based on same |
| CN113618272A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 重庆大学 | Flower-shaped core-shell structure composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113773164A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-10 | 重庆大学 | Flower-ball-shaped composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113860977A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-31 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Core-shell structure boron particle-metal oxide and preparation method thereof |
| CN114309593A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-04-12 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of multi-transition metal coated micron aluminum composite fuel |
| CN114853554A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-05 | 北京理工大学 | Aluminum-copper core-shell structure metal fuel with catalytic effect and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023019357A1 (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-02-23 | Oqab Dietrich Induction Inc. | Systems and methods for synthesis and production of energetic particles |
| CN116115818A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-16 | 刘庄 | Active metal microsphere, composite embolic agent based on active metal microsphere and application of composite embolic agent |
| WO2023235983A1 (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-12-14 | Oqab Dietrich Induction Inc. | System and methods of group combustion of core-shell thermite particles |
| CN116115818B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2024-06-28 | 重庆百迈腾世医药科技有限公司 | Active metal microsphere, composite embolic agent based on active metal microsphere and application of composite embolic agent |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101921160A (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2010-12-22 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Preparation method of super-thermite Al/PbO nano-composite energetic material |
| CN104551005A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-29 | 北京化工大学 | Nanometer core shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof |
| CN105537605A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-05-04 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Preparation method of Al/Fe2O3 thermite |
| CN107056562A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-18 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of aluminium base trielement composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109369312A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111892467A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-06 | 西南科技大学 | Al/Fe2O3Preparation method of nano energetic material |
-
2020
- 2020-11-11 CN CN202011250244.7A patent/CN112341300A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101921160A (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2010-12-22 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Preparation method of super-thermite Al/PbO nano-composite energetic material |
| CN104551005A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-29 | 北京化工大学 | Nanometer core shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof |
| CN105537605A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-05-04 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Preparation method of Al/Fe2O3 thermite |
| CN107056562A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-18 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of aluminium base trielement composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109369312A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111892467A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-06 | 西南科技大学 | Al/Fe2O3Preparation method of nano energetic material |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 李兆娜: "纳米铝热剂的制备及其表征", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士)工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 李国平: "《纳米铝热剂》", 30 September 2018, 国防工业出版社 * |
| 王军: "纳米铝热剂的研究进展", 《火炸药学报》 * |
| 王毅: "《铝热类纳米复合含能材料》", 31 March 2017, 北京理工大学出版社 * |
| 韩爱军: "Al/NiO复合粒子的制备与表征", 《精细化工》 * |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113307709A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 西北工业大学 | Core-shell aluminum @ perchlorate/catalyst composite microsphere and solid propellant based on same |
| WO2023019357A1 (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-02-23 | Oqab Dietrich Induction Inc. | Systems and methods for synthesis and production of energetic particles |
| CN113860977A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-31 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Core-shell structure boron particle-metal oxide and preparation method thereof |
| CN113618272A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 重庆大学 | Flower-shaped core-shell structure composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113618272B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2024-04-30 | 重庆大学 | Flower-shaped core-shell structure composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114309593A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-04-12 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of multi-transition metal coated micron aluminum composite fuel |
| CN114309593B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2024-04-05 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of multielement transition metal coated micron aluminum composite fuel |
| CN113773164A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-10 | 重庆大学 | Flower-ball-shaped composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116115818A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-16 | 刘庄 | Active metal microsphere, composite embolic agent based on active metal microsphere and application of composite embolic agent |
| CN116115818B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2024-06-28 | 重庆百迈腾世医药科技有限公司 | Active metal microsphere, composite embolic agent based on active metal microsphere and application of composite embolic agent |
| CN114853554A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-05 | 北京理工大学 | Aluminum-copper core-shell structure metal fuel with catalytic effect and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023235983A1 (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-12-14 | Oqab Dietrich Induction Inc. | System and methods of group combustion of core-shell thermite particles |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112341300A (en) | Micron-sized core-shell thermite and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112250530B (en) | Double-layer core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof | |
| Xiao et al. | Establishing the interface layer on the aluminum surface through the self-assembly of tannic acid (TA): Improving the ignition and combustion properties of aluminum | |
| CN101428348B (en) | Process for producing spherical submicron metal with hydro-thermal treatment | |
| CN106077695B (en) | A kind of preparation method of high-copper tungsten copper nano composite powder | |
| CN108213456B (en) | Preparation method of cubic nanometer copper powder | |
| CN109293463A (en) | A kind of method of aluminium powder surface self-activation | |
| CN112266314B (en) | Al/PVDF/PDA/Fe2O3Three-layer core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111423292A (en) | Metal azide graphene compound and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111422855B (en) | Foam graphene-based metal azide compound and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101433968B (en) | Method for preparing micro spherical tungsten powder | |
| CN104129991A (en) | Preparation method of low-cost hollow spherical YSZ powder for plasma spraying | |
| CN113106281A (en) | Preparation method of yttrium oxide doped tungsten-based nano composite powder and alloy thereof | |
| CN111495388A (en) | Catalyst for synthesizing diethyl oxalate by CO gas-phase coupling of ethyl nitrite and preparation method thereof | |
| Liu et al. | A review on synthesis of Fe-based compounds and their properties as the burning rate catalysts for propellants | |
| KR100828933B1 (en) | Cobalt nano particles and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110732678B (en) | Nano-micron tin-bismuth alloy spherical powder and wet chemical preparation method thereof | |
| CN105598471B (en) | A kind of preparation method of the super thermite of core shell structure | |
| CN106583749B (en) | A kind of method of the controllable rare earth of prepared sizes-transition group high-entropy alloy powder | |
| CN110295298B (en) | Preparation method of graphene-aluminum composite material | |
| CN109877312A (en) | A kind of preparation method of spherical shape ferrite base ODS alloy powder | |
| Song et al. | Effect of Zn powders on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate | |
| CN111362769B (en) | Preparation method of flaky cobalt hydroxide composite material coated on surface of aluminum powder | |
| CN111640939B (en) | Sulfur cathode material based on solid-phase reaction mechanism and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113753969A (en) | Preparation method of spherical cobalt carbonate particles with superfine particle size |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210209 |