CN112338110B - High-sensitivity integrated construction method for thermocouple transient heat flow sensor - Google Patents
High-sensitivity integrated construction method for thermocouple transient heat flow sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112338110B CN112338110B CN202011410628.0A CN202011410628A CN112338110B CN 112338110 B CN112338110 B CN 112338110B CN 202011410628 A CN202011410628 A CN 202011410628A CN 112338110 B CN112338110 B CN 112338110B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F7/00—Twisting wire; Twisting wire together
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/04—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples the object to be measured not forming one of the thermoelectric materials
- G01K7/06—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples the object to be measured not forming one of the thermoelectric materials the thermoelectric materials being arranged one within the other with the junction at one end exposed to the object, e.g. sheathed type
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-sensitivity integrated construction method of a thermocouple transient heat flow sensor, which comprises the steps of preparing a first metal wire core and a second metal wire core, forming a plurality of electric connections perpendicular to the first metal wire core or the second metal wire core on the first metal wire core and the second metal wire core, electrically connecting the electric connections on the plurality of first metal wire cores, which belong to the same plane, to form an electric connection platform, and embedding the electric connections of the plurality of second metal wire cores into the joints of the electric connection platforms of the plurality of first metal wire cores in an adaptive manner to form a multi-core wire; sleeving the multi-core wire in a double-layer nickel-chromium pipe, and fixing the multi-core wire through contraction of the double-layer nickel-chromium pipe; set up annular external contact measuring point on double-deck nickel-chromium pipe and the just right surface of electricity connection platform, form the measuring point that is used for carrying out the measurement through the electricity connection platform that constitutes by a plurality of electricity links, improve the volume of catching of induced-current in measuring point department, and then improve sensitivity and output voltage, reduce noise influence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat flow sensors, in particular to a high-sensitivity integrated construction method of a thermocouple transient heat flow sensor.
Background
Heat flux sensors are the basic tools for measuring heat transfer (heat flux density or heat flux) and are the most critical components that make up heat flow meters. The performance and use of the heat flow sensor determines the performance and use of the heat flow meter.
The coaxial thermocouple transient heat flow sensor is an experimental component which utilizes Seebeck effects of different electrode materials to form electromotive force under different temperature gradient effects and measure the electromotive force so as to invert temperature and heat flow, is mainly used for aerospace hypersonic aircraft pneumatic experiments, hypersonic flow related experiments and the like, and has the characteristics of fast response, large measuring range, high precision, strong robustness and the like.
The plasma wind tunnel is one of measuring devices for checking the thermal protection system of the aircraft. Due to the characteristic of being capable of stably generating high-temperature and high-enthalpy plasma airflow for a long time, the plasma airflow is widely applied to the test of a reentry aircraft thermal protection system. In the plasma wind tunnel, the measurement of the related parameters of the surface of the material to be measured and the interior of the plasma airflow has important significance for successfully simulating the actual high-altitude flight state and researching the physicochemical interaction process of the high-enthalpy airflow and the thermal protection material. The coaxial thermocouple is one of basic test means for measuring high-temperature heat flow, belongs to a contact type measurement method, has the advantages of simple measurement principle, few error factors, high response speed and the like, and is an optimal instrument for measuring instantaneous heat flow.
However, the input voltage of a single heat flow sensor is only 1 millivolt to 10 millivolts, which is easily affected by noise of a measurement acquisition system and other devices, and reduces the measurement accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-sensitivity integrated construction method of a thermocouple transient heat flow sensor, which improves the sensitivity and the output voltage and reduces the noise influence by connecting a plurality of measurement nodes and the positive and negative poles of a multi-core wire core in series so as to solve the technical problem that the input voltage of a single heat flow sensor is easily influenced and the measurement precision is reduced in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
the high-sensitivity integrated construction method of the thermocouple transient heat flow sensor comprises the following steps,
s100, preparing a first metal wire core in a mode of twisting a plurality of silk threads into one strand, preparing a plurality of second metal wire cores in the same way, and forming a plurality of electric connections perpendicular to the first metal wire core or the second metal wire cores at equal intervals on the first metal wire core and the second metal wire cores in a mechanical deformation mode;
s200, electrically connecting the electric connection wires belonging to the same plane on the plurality of first metal wire cores together to form an electric connection platform, enabling the axis of each first metal wire core to be respectively positioned at the intersection of the positive geometric figure, and embedding the electric connection wires of the plurality of second metal wire cores into the connection positions of the electric connection platforms of the plurality of first metal wire cores in an adaptive manner to form a multi-core wire;
s300, sleeving the multi-core wire in a double-layer nickel-chromium pipe, and fixing the multi-core wire through contraction of the double-layer nickel-chromium pipe;
s400, arranging an annular external contact measuring point on the surface of the double-layer nickel-chromium pipe opposite to the electric connection platform.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, when the first metal wire core is a nickel chromium wire, the second metal wire core is a constantan wire; when first metal core was the constantan wire, the second metal core adopted the nickel-chromium wire, and the diameter of the electric link of nickel-chromium wire and the electric link of constantan wire is confirmed according to the inner circle diameter of double-deck nickel-chromium pipe, makes nickel-chromium wire and constantan wire pack the back in double-deck nickel-chromium pipe, and the nexine nickel-chromium pipe shrink deformation volume of double-deck nickel-chromium pipe is minimum.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrical connection is disc-shaped, and a plurality of wires constituting the electrical connection are distributed at equal intervals, and the electrical connection has a height difference in smooth transition on both sides of the first metal core or the second metal core.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the first metal wire cores are bare wire alloy wires, the second metal wire cores are enameled wire alloy wires, and after the electrical connections of the plurality of second metal wire cores are adaptively embedded into the joints of the electrical connection platforms of the plurality of first metal wire cores, the plurality of second metal wire cores are completely independent.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, a specific form of adaptively filling a plurality of second metal wire cores into a plurality of electrically connected first metal wire cores includes:
filling a single second metal wire core on the plurality of electrically connected first metal wire cores to form a multi-core single-measuring-point structural surface; filling a plurality of second metal wire cores on the plurality of electrically connected first metal wire cores to form a multi-core and multi-point structure surface or a single-main-core and multi-point structure surface;
and a plurality of second metal wire cores are filled on the plurality of electrically connected first metal wire cores, the plurality of first metal wire cores are radially distributed in the double-layer nickel-chromium tube to form a multi-level first metal wire core ring layer, the second metal wire cores are embedded between every two adjacent first metal wire cores of each layer, and the two first metal wire cores of the adjacent levels are electrically contacted to form a multi-level single-main-core multi-point structure surface.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the number of the plurality of electrical connections formed on the first metal core is the same as the number of the second metal cores adapted to be embedded in the plurality of first metal cores, and the number of the annular external contact measurement points provided on the surface of the double-layer nichrome tube facing the electrical connection platform is the same as the number of the second metal cores.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the multi-core wire core includes a first metal wire core as a main core, and a plurality of the second metal wire cores and the first metal wire cores disposed around the first metal wire core as the main core, the second metal wire cores and the first metal wire cores disposed around the first metal wire core as the main core are arranged in a staggered manner, and the number of the measurement nodes is the same as the number of the second metal wire cores.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the multi-core wire core includes three first metal wire cores and one second metal wire core, the three first metal wire cores are connected in a tangent manner, the three first metal wire cores are disposed around the second metal wire core, and the number of the measurement nodes is one.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the multi-core wire core includes four first metal wire cores and one second metal wire core, the four first metal wire cores are connected in a tangent manner, the four first metal wire cores are disposed around the second metal wire core, and the number of the measurement nodes is one.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the multi-core wire core includes four first metal wire cores and five second metal wire cores, the four first metal wire cores are connected in a tangent manner, the four second metal wire cores are disposed between adjacent first metal wire cores, one second metal wire core is disposed in a middle position of the four first metal wire cores, and the number of the measurement nodes is five.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the multi-core wire core is internally provided with the plurality of first metal wire cores and the plurality of second metal wire cores, a plurality of measuring nodes are formed between the first metal wire cores and the second metal wire cores in the multi-core wire core, and input voltages are connected in series through the series connection between the first metal wire cores and the second metal wire cores, so that a plurality of measuring signals are superposed, the sensitivity is effectively improved, and the influence of noise on the measuring precision is effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single main core multi-point heat flow sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a four-core single-point heat flow sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a five-core single-point heat flow sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nine-core five-point heat flow sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a sensor manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-a first metal wire core; 2-a second metal wire core; 3-double-layer nickel-chromium tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention provides a high-sensitivity integrated construction method of a thermocouple transient heat flow sensor, comprising the following steps,
s100, preparing a first metal wire core in a mode of twisting a plurality of silk threads into one strand, preparing a plurality of second metal wire cores in the same way, and forming a plurality of electric connections perpendicular to the first metal wire core or the second metal wire cores at equal intervals on the first metal wire core and the second metal wire cores in a mechanical deformation mode;
s200, electrically connecting the electric connection wires belonging to the same plane on the plurality of first metal wire cores together to form an electric connection platform, enabling the axis of each first metal wire core to be respectively positioned at the intersection of the positive geometric figure, and embedding the electric connection wires of the plurality of second metal wire cores into the connection positions of the electric connection platforms of the plurality of first metal wire cores in an adaptive manner to form a multi-core wire;
s300, sleeving the multi-core wire in a double-layer nickel-chromium pipe, and fixing the multi-core wire through contraction of the double-layer nickel-chromium pipe;
s400, arranging an annular external contact measuring point on the surface of the double-layer nickel-chromium pipe opposite to the electric connection platform.
When the first metal wire core is a nickel-chromium wire, the second metal wire core is a constantan wire; when first metal core was the constantan wire, the second metal core adopted the nickel-chromium wire, and the diameter of the electric link of nickel-chromium wire and the electric link of constantan wire is confirmed according to the inner circle diameter of double-deck nickel-chromium pipe, makes nickel-chromium wire and constantan wire pack the back in double-deck nickel-chromium pipe, and the nexine nickel-chromium pipe shrink deformation volume of double-deck nickel-chromium pipe is minimum.
The electric connection is disc-shaped, specifically, when twisting a plurality of silk threads into one strand, the object at a certain position of the first metal wire core or the second metal wire core is stressed to deform the plurality of silk threads, so that the whole body is disc-shaped, and the plurality of silk threads are in an equidistant state at intervals, namely, the plurality of silk threads forming the electric connection are distributed at equal intervals.
Compared with the prior thermocouple, the thermocouple adopts an integral wire to form the first metal wire core and the second metal wire core, and the difference is that:
the existing integral wire core is limited by a nickel-chromium pipe, the surface contact area of the first metal wire core or the second metal wire core and the nickel-chromium pipe is limited, the electric connection position is reduced, the sensitivity of data measurement of a measuring point is limited by the contact point of the metal wire core in the formed measuring point, and under the limitation of the volume of the sensor, the accuracy of the measuring point is greatly reduced, especially under the condition of high-precision measurement.
According to the invention, the first metal wire cores or the second metal wire cores are provided with the electric connection, and the electric connection is formed by the multiple silk threads at equal intervals, so that the electric connection among the multiple first metal wire cores is also the electric connection among the multiple silk threads, the electronic conduction between two adjacent metal wire cores is increased, and meanwhile, the contact range of the metal wire cores and the nickel-chromium tube at a measuring point is also enlarged.
Just there is the difference in height of smooth transition in the both sides that the electricity link is located first metal sinle silk or second metal sinle silk, then the higher position laminating of the electricity link of preceding metal sinle silk in the upper portion of the lower position of the electricity link of last metal sinle silk, make whole electricity link platform not high skew in the axial, guarantee the contact of stranded silk thread and nickel chromium pipe at the measuring point department, reduce a plurality of constantan silk thread with the nickel chromium silk thread connects into the electric current of return circuit when carrying out temperature measurement and is stable, makes it enough obtain the space average result of transient state when measuring, and electricity link platform also can characterize measuring limit peak to improve measuring precision.
The first metal wire cores are bare wire alloy wires, the second metal wire cores are enameled wire alloy wires, and after the electric connection of the second metal wire cores is embedded into the connection positions of the electric connection platforms of the first metal wire cores, the second metal wire cores are completely independent.
The concrete form of filling many second metal sinle silks to many electric connection's first metal sinle silk adaptability includes:
filling a single second metal wire core on the plurality of electrically connected first metal wire cores to form a multi-core single-measuring-point structural surface; filling a plurality of second metal wire cores on the plurality of electrically connected first metal wire cores to form a multi-core and multi-point structure surface or a single-main-core and multi-point structure surface;
and a plurality of second metal wire cores are filled on the plurality of electrically connected first metal wire cores, the plurality of first metal wire cores are radially distributed in the double-layer nickel-chromium tube to form a multi-level first metal wire core ring layer, the second metal wire cores are embedded between every two adjacent first metal wire cores of each layer, and the two first metal wire cores of the adjacent levels are electrically contacted to form a multi-level single-main-core multi-point structure surface.
The quantity of a plurality of electric links that form on first metal sinle silk is a plurality of with the embedding of adaptability the quantity of the second metal sinle silk of first metal sinle silk is the same, sets up annular outer contact measuring point on the surface that double-deck nickel-chromium pipe just right with electric connection platform with the quantity of second metal sinle silk is the same.
The multi-core wire core is internally provided with the plurality of first metal wire cores and the plurality of second metal wire cores, a plurality of measuring nodes are formed between the first metal wire cores and the second metal wire cores in the multi-core wire core, and input voltages are connected in series through the series connection between the first metal wire cores and the second metal wire cores, so that a plurality of measuring signals are superposed, the sensitivity is effectively improved, and the influence of noise on the measuring precision is effectively reduced.
Wherein, first metal sinle silk with second metal sinle silk material is different, first metal sinle silk is nichrome wire or constantan wire, second metal sinle silk is nichrome wire or constantan wire, the nichrome pipe is the nichrome material, refers to coaxial thermocouple structure principle, forms the two-stage of different materials through first metal sinle silk and second metal sinle silk, constitutes the return circuit between first metal sinle silk and second metal sinle silk to form measurement system.
For reducing the difference of the measurement node that forms between a plurality of first metal sinle silks and a plurality of second metal sinle silks, it is a plurality of first metal sinle silk specification is the same, and is a plurality of second metal sinle silk specification is the same, and a plurality of first metal sinle silks and a plurality of second metal sinle silks adopt disposable synchronous production to reduce the difference between a plurality of first metal sinle silks or between a plurality of second metal sinle silks, thereby reduce the difference between the measurement node, improve the uniformity of each series node, the degree of linearization is high.
In order to reduce the node size, the first metal wire cores are bare wire alloy wires, the second metal wire cores are enameled wire alloy wires, the second metal wire cores are mutually independent, and the first metal wire cores are in tangent connection.
In addition, the number of the measurement nodes is the same as that of the second metal wire cores.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-core wire core includes a first metal wire core as a main core, and a plurality of second metal wire cores and first metal wire cores disposed around the first metal wire core as the main core, the second metal wire cores and the first metal wire cores disposed around the first metal wire core as the main core are staggered, and the number of the measurement nodes is the same as that of the second metal wire cores.
The diameter of the first metal wire core is d1The diameter of the second metal wire core is d2The inner diameter of the nickel-chromium pipe is d3。
Wherein: d1、d2And d3The relationship between them is as follows:
As shown in fig. 2, in step S100, the multi-core wire core includes three first metal wire cores and one second metal wire core, the three first metal wire cores are connected in a tangent manner, the three first metal wire cores are disposed around the second metal wire core, and the number of the measurement nodes is one.
Wherein: d1、d2And d3The relationship between them is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the multi-core wire core includes four first metal wire cores and one second metal wire core, the four first metal wire cores are connected in a tangent manner, the four first metal wire cores are arranged around the second metal wire core, and the number of the measurement nodes is one.
Wherein: d1、d2And d3The relationship between them is as follows:
As shown in fig. 4, the multi-core wire core includes four first metal wire cores and five second metal wire cores, four of the first metal wire cores are tangentially connected, four of the second metal wire cores are disposed between the adjacent first metal wire cores, one of the second metal wire cores is disposed in the middle of the four first metal wire cores, and the number of the measurement nodes is five.
Wherein: d1、d2And d3The relationship between them is as follows:
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The high-sensitivity integrated construction method of the thermocouple transient heat flow sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s100, preparing a first metal wire core in a mode of twisting a plurality of silk threads into one strand, similarly, preparing a plurality of second metal wire cores, forming electric connections on the first metal wire core and the second metal wire cores at equal intervals in a mode of mechanically deforming the plurality of silk threads, wherein the electric connections on the first metal wire core are vertical to the first metal wire core, and the electric connections on the second metal wire core are vertical to the second metal wire core;
s200, electrically connecting the electric connections belonging to the same plane on the plurality of first metal wire cores together to form an electric connection platform, so that the connection lines of the axes of the plurality of first metal wire cores on a certain cross section form a regular polygon, and embedding the electric connections of the plurality of second metal wire cores into the connection positions of the electric connection platforms of the plurality of first metal wire cores in an adaptive manner to form a multi-core wire;
s300, sleeving the multi-core wire in a double-layer nickel-chromium pipe, and fixing the multi-core wire through contraction of the double-layer nickel-chromium pipe;
s400, arranging an annular external contact measuring point on the surface of the double-layer nickel-chromium pipe opposite to the electric connection platform.
2. The integrated construction method for high sensitivity of thermocouple transient heat flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that when the first metal wire core is nichrome wire, the second metal wire core is constantan wire; when first metal core was the constantan wire, the second metal core adopted the nickel-chromium wire, and the diameter of the electric link of nickel-chromium wire and the electric link of constantan wire is confirmed according to the inner circle diameter of double-deck nickel-chromium pipe, makes nickel-chromium wire and constantan wire pack the back in double-deck nickel-chromium pipe, and the nexine nickel-chromium pipe shrink deformation volume of double-deck nickel-chromium pipe is minimum.
3. The integrated construction method for high sensitivity thermocouple transient heat flow sensor of claim 2, wherein the number of the plurality of electrical connections formed on the first metal wire core is the same as the number of the second metal wire cores at the connection of the electrical connection platform adaptively embedded in the first metal wire core, and the number of the annular external contact measurement points is the same as the number of the second metal wire cores at the surface of the double-layer nichrome tube opposite to the electrical connection platform.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-core wire comprises a first metal core as a main core, and a plurality of second metal cores and first metal cores disposed around the first metal core as a main core, the second metal cores and the first metal cores disposed around the first metal core as a main core are staggered, and the number of the annular external contact measurement points is the same as the number of the second metal cores.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-core wire comprises four first metal wire cores and five second metal wire cores, four first metal wire cores are tangentially connected, four second metal wire cores are disposed between adjacent first metal wire cores, one second metal wire core is disposed at a middle position of the four first metal wire cores, and the number of the annular external contact measurement points is five.
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| US3065286A (en) * | 1958-07-25 | 1962-11-20 | Conax Corp | Thermocouple unit |
| US5288147A (en) * | 1992-11-09 | 1994-02-22 | Ta Instruments, Inc. | Thermopile differential thermal analysis sensor |
| CN201945391U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-24 | 安徽鑫国仪表有限公司 | Armored thermocouple pile |
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