CN112335676A - Preparation method and application of foliage resistance and control agent for reducing heavy metal content in rice - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of foliage resistance and control agent for reducing heavy metal content in rice Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112335676A CN112335676A CN202011161910.XA CN202011161910A CN112335676A CN 112335676 A CN112335676 A CN 112335676A CN 202011161910 A CN202011161910 A CN 202011161910A CN 112335676 A CN112335676 A CN 112335676A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- potassium
- silicon
- rice
- control agent
- heavy metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation method and application of a foliar inhibition and control agent for reducing heavy metal content in rice are disclosed, which comprises the following steps: grinding and sieving the diatomite to obtain diatomite powder; mixing a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution and diatomite powder according to a volume weight ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium mixed slurry; performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium mixed slurry to obtain activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry; mixing humus soil and the activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry according to the weight ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry; carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry to obtain silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry; mixing citric acid and silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkaline slurry weighed according to the weight ratio, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the leaf surface resistance control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of the rice. Use of: diluting the leaf surface resistance control agent by 18-22 times with water, and spraying on the rice leaf surfaces. The raw material variety is less, and the manufacturing process is simplified and shortened; the foliage inhibitor can promote rice growth and reduce the adsorption of harmful heavy metal elements, such as mercury and cadmium, to soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of crop foliar spray fertilizers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a foliar control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice, and a use method of the foliar control agent.
Background
With the rapid advance of industrialization and industrialization process, the economy of China is unprecedentedly developed, but the environmental pollution problem is also correspondingly more severe, heavy metal pollutants generated in industries such as mining, metal smelting, chemical and pharmaceutical industry, electronic and electrical equipment, electroplating and tanning and the like are remarkably increased, particularly, the discharge indexes of industrial three wastes (waste water, waste water and industrial waste gas) such as natural weathering of cadmium-rich ore bodies, open mining, smelting and the like are increased, industrial sewage and waste water of tailing areas are intended to be used for farmland irrigation and excessive use of chemical fertilizers, the heavy metal pollution points of soil are continuously increased due to the reasons of cross-regional settlement of atmospheric pollutants and the like, and the ecological safety of agriculture is seriously threatened.
The safe production of grain crops is related to the stable operation of the society and the health of the masses. As rice is one of the main grains in China, about 65% of people in China take rice as staple food, the rice is one of the important grain crops in China. According to the first soil pollution condition survey results in China, the national soil heavy metal standard exceeding rate is 16.1%, the farmland soil area point standard exceeding rate is 19.4%, cadmium pollution in inorganic pollution is the most serious, the cadmium pollution accounts for 7% of the soil pollution amount, and cadmium pollution to rice fields reaches 1.33 hectare (1.33 hm)2)。
As known, heavy metals in farmland soil can be absorbed and enriched in rice through rice root systems, and atmospheric settlement pollutants can be directly absorbed and dissolved into the rice through leaf surfaces, so that the rice heavy metal pollutants exceed the standard. Long-term eating of rice with excessive heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury and lead can not only cause damage to internal organs of a human body, but also disturb normal information and electronic transmission ways of a nervous system of the human body, so that mental disorder of the human body is caused. The leaves are the external root nutritive organs of the rice, and can absorb exogenous nutritive substances and convey the substances to other parts.
In recent years, in the production of crops such as rice, foliar fertilization based on the characteristics of high nutrient utilization rate and convenient fertilization is heavily and widely applied by people, and can regulate and control the heavy metal absorption and tolerance of rice to a certain extent and promote the growth of vegetation. At present, the foliage resistance and control agent mainly comprises an organic foliage resistance and control agent, a non-metallic element type foliage resistance and control agent and a metallic element type foliage resistance and control agent, wherein the non-metallic foliage resistance and control agent has no side effect and can embody the best regulation and control effect. The non-metal type foliage inhibiting and controlling agent mainly comprises a silicon element type, a phosphorus element type and a selenium element type foliage inhibiting and controlling agent. The silicon element type leaf surface inhibitor has the advantage of extraction because the silicon is one of indispensable main elements of rice, can reduce the damage of free radicals to cell membranes, increase the chlorophyll content of rice leaves and inhibit the absorption and the transportation of heavy metal ions by the rice. Therefore, the development of the silicon element type foliage control agent suitable for the rice has positive significance.
Technical information related to the controlling agent for reducing heavy metal pollution of rice can be found in published Chinese patent documents, and typical examples are 'a leaf surface controlling agent for reducing cadmium content of rice and a preparation and use method thereof' recommended by CN111763119A and 'a leaf surface controlling agent for reducing heavy metal cadmium pollution of rice' provided by CN 107897207A. The raw materials used in the CN111763119A and the parts by weight thereof are: 8-12 parts of potassium humate, 20-30 parts of sodium metasilicate, 8-12 parts of sodium selenite, 7-10 parts of ammonium ferrous sulfate, 5-8 parts of proline, 5-8 parts of glycine, 5-8 parts of semi-dehydro-amino acid, 0.5-2 parts of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.3-1.6 parts of diethyltriamine pentaacetic acid, 0.8-1.4 parts of ethylenediamine di-o-phenyl sodium acetate, 1-3 parts of an organic silicon surfactant, 2-3 parts of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 1-2 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. The preparation method of the patent application is described in paragraphs 0008 to 0013 and examples 4 to 5, and it is obvious that the patent application has the disadvantages of resource utilization, many raw materials, relatively wide sources, troublesome preparation and economic loss. The CN107897207A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of soluble silicon 150, 10-30 parts of surfactant (polysorbate), 10-20 parts of potassium humate and 1000 parts of water. Compared with the previous patent application, the patent application has the defects that the raw material types are obviously reduced and the preparation is relatively concise, but the resource utilization cannot be embodied.
Further, as is known, diatomaceous earth is a nonmetallic material, a biogenic siliceous sedimentary rock (siliceous rock), which is mainly composed of skeletal remains of diatoms (a unicellular algae plant) and is consolidated by soft mud containing diatoms, and is microscopically cryptocrystalline in nature and mineral components thereof mainly include homogeneous mineral proteins and the like. The diatomite is widely distributed in China, such as Jilin, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Shandong, Sichuan and the like, wherein high-quality diatomite accounts for a large amount in the Changbai mountain area of Jilin, and the chemical component for processing the diatomite is mainly SiO2、Al2O3And Fe2O2And the organic matters are equal, so that the reasonable utilization of the diatomite to prepare the rice leaf surface control agent can embody good resource utilization advantages and has positive practical significance, and the technical scheme to be introduced below is generated under the background.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a foliar resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice, which is beneficial to reducing the variety of used raw materials, embodying good resource application effect, promoting the growth of the rice by using the obtained foliar resistance and control agent, reducing the adsorption of the rice to harmful heavy metal elements such as mercury and cadmium in soil and facilitating the acquisition of excellent dry weight change rate of the rice.
The invention also aims to provide a use method of the leaf surface resistance control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice, and the method has the advantage of convenient use.
The invention is primarily aimed at completing the task, and the preparation method of the foliage resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice comprises the following steps:
A) preparing diatomite powder, grinding and sieving the diatomite to obtain the diatomite powder;
B) preparing silicon-potassium mixed slurry, mixing a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution and the diatomite powder obtained in the step A) according to the volume-weight ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium mixed slurry;
C) preparing activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry, performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium mixed slurry obtained in the step B), and controlling technological parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation to obtain the activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry;
D) preparing silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry, mixing humus soil and the activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry obtained in the step C) according to the weight ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry;
E) preparing silicon-potassium-based resistance-control alkali slurry, irradiating the silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry obtained in the step D) with low-temperature plasma, and controlling technological parameters of the irradiation of the low-temperature plasma to obtain the silicon-potassium-based resistance-control alkali slurry;
F) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely mixing the citric acid weighed according to the weight ratio with the silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry obtained in the step E), uniformly stirring, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the leaf surface resistance control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of the rice.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the grinding time in step A) is 2-6h and the sieving is a sieve with a pore size of 25-75 μm.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the molar concentration of the aqueous potassium hydroxide solution in step B) is 0.2 to 2M; the volume-weight ratio of the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution to the diatomite is 1-4: 1 ml/mg.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters for controlling the low temperature plasma irradiation in step C) refer to: the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma is controlled to be 1-3h, the acting voltage of the low-temperature plasma is controlled to be 5-50KV, and air is adopted as the acting atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the humus soil to the activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry in the step D) is 0.2-0.8: 1.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, the humus soil is rotten plant matter.
In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the controlling of the process parameters of the low temperature plasma irradiation in step E) refers to: controlling the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma to be 0.5-1.5h, controlling the acting voltage of the low-temperature plasma to be 5-50KV, and adopting air as the acting atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the citric acid to the silicon-potassium based controlled alkaline slurry in step F) is 2-6: 100.
In a still more particular embodiment of the invention, the period of time for said homogenisation in step F) is between 0.5 and 1.5 h.
The invention also provides a use method of the foliar resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of the rice, which is to spray the foliar of the rice after diluting the foliar resistance and control agent by 18 to 22 times with water.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the technical effects that: the raw materials used by the method are only diatomite, a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, humus and citric acid, so that the raw materials are few in variety, and the method is beneficial to convenient obtaining, simplifying and shortening the manufacturing process and embodying the economy and cheapness of the agricultural characteristics; because the diatomite is rich in SiO which is beneficial to plant growth2The humic soil is rich in a plurality of nutrient elements which can be absorbed by the rice leaf surfaces, so that the leaf surface resistance control agent is beneficial to promoting the growth of the rice and reducing the adsorption of the rice to harmful heavy metal elements such as mercury and cadmium in soil; the prepared leaf surface resistance control agent can obtain 135% of rice dry weight change rate at most and reduce 92% of mercury and 96% of cadmium adsorption; the application method provided only needs to be mixed with water for spraying, so the use is very simple and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or equipment used are conventional products available from commercial sources, not indicated by the manufacturer.
Example 1:
referring to the process flow shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the foliar resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
A) preparing diatomite powder, grinding the diatomite purchased from a market channel for 4 hours by using a grinding device, and sieving the ground diatomite by using a sieve with the aperture of 75 mu m to obtain the diatomite powder, namely the diatomite fine powder;
B) preparing silicon-potassium mixed slurry, mixing a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 0.2M and the diatomite powder obtained in the step A) according to the volume-weight ratio of 1:1ml/mg (namely 1 ml: 1mg), and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium mixed slurry;
C) preparing activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry, and performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium mixed slurry obtained in the step B), wherein the process parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation are as follows: the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma is 1h, the action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 5KV, and the action atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma is air, so that activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry is obtained;
D) preparing silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp, mixing humus soil and the silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp obtained in the step C) according to the weight ratio of 0.2:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain the silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp, wherein the humus soil in the step is rotten plant substances, such as humus soil formed after long rotting fermentation of dead branches and leaves of trees in surface soil layers in forests;
E) preparing silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry, and performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry obtained in the step D), wherein the process parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation are as follows: the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma is 0.5h, the action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 5KV, and the action atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma is air to obtain silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry;
F) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely mixing citric acid and the silicon-potassium-based resistance-control alkaline slurry obtained in the step E) according to the weight ratio (also called the mass ratio) of 2:100, uniformly stirring for 0.5h, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a separation liquid, namely the leaf surface resistance-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of the rice.
Use example 1:
the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice obtained in example 1 was diluted 20 times with water and sprayed on the rice foliage with an agricultural spraying device.
Example 2:
referring to the process flow shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the foliar resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
A) preparing diatomite powder, grinding the diatomite purchased from a market channel for 2 hours by using a grinding device, and sieving the ground diatomite powder by using a sieve with the pore diameter of 25 mu m to obtain diatomite powder, namely obtaining diatomite fine powder;
B) preparing silicon-potassium mixed slurry, namely mixing a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 1.1M and the diatomite powder obtained in the step A) according to the volume-weight ratio of 2.5: 1ml/mg (namely 2.5 ml: 1mg), and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium mixed slurry;
C) preparing activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry, and performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium mixed slurry obtained in the step B), wherein the process parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation are as follows: the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma is 2 hours, the action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 27.5KV, and the action atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma is air, so that activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry is obtained;
D) preparing silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp, mixing humus soil and the silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp obtained in the step C) according to the weight ratio of 0.5:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain the silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp, wherein the humus soil in the step is rotten plant substances, such as humus soil formed after long rotting fermentation of dead branches and leaves of trees in the topsoil layer in a forest;
E) preparing silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry, and performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry obtained in the step D), wherein the process parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation are as follows: irradiating the low-temperature plasma for 1h, wherein the acting voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 27.5KV, and the acting atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma is air to obtain silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry;
F) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely mixing citric acid and the silicon-potassium-based resistance-control alkaline slurry obtained in the step E) according to the weight ratio (also called the mass ratio) of 4:100, uniformly stirring for 1h, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a separation liquid, namely the leaf surface resistance-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of the rice.
Use example 2:
the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice obtained in example 2 was diluted 18 times with water and sprayed on the rice foliage with an agricultural spraying device.
Example 3:
referring to the process flow shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the foliar resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
A) preparing diatomite powder, grinding the diatomite purchased from a market channel by using a grinding device for 6 hours, and sieving the ground diatomite powder by using a sieve with the pore diameter of 50 mu m to obtain diatomite powder, namely obtaining diatomite fine powder;
B) preparing silicon-potassium mixed slurry, mixing a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with the molar concentration of 2M and the diatomite powder obtained in the step A) according to the volume-weight ratio of 4: 1ml/mg (namely 4 ml: 1mg), and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium mixed slurry;
C) preparing activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry, and performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium mixed slurry obtained in the step B), wherein the process parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation are as follows: the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma is 3h, the action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 50KV, and the action atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma is air, so that activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry is obtained;
D) preparing silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp, mixing humus soil and the silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp obtained in the step C) according to the weight ratio of 0.8:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain the silicon-potassium organic mixed pulp, wherein the humus soil in the step is rotten plant substances, such as humus soil formed after long rotting fermentation of dead branches and leaves of trees in surface soil layers in forests;
E) preparing silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry, and performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry obtained in the step D), wherein the process parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation are as follows: irradiating the low-temperature plasma for 1.5h, wherein the acting voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 50KV, and the acting atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma is air to obtain silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry;
F) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely mixing citric acid and the silicon-potassium-based alkali-controlling resisting slurry obtained in the step E) according to the weight ratio (also called the mass ratio) of 6:100, uniformly stirring for 1.5h, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a separation liquid, namely the leaf surface resisting and controlling agent for reducing the heavy metal content of the rice.
Use example 3:
the foliar retarding and controlling agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice obtained in example 3 was diluted 22 times with water and sprayed on the rice foliage with an agricultural spraying device.
Test and test example 1:
preparing mercury and cadmium polluted farmland soil: weighing 1kg of unpolluted farmland soil sample, then doping 50mg of mercury and 50mg of cadmium into the weighed 1kg of unpolluted farmland soil sample, adding water into the soil according to the liquid-solid ratio (liquid-solid ratio, namely volume-weight ratio) of 1:1ml/mg, uniformly stirring, aging for 24 hours, and then naturally drying.
Monitoring the dry weight change of rice species and calculating the dry weight change rate of the species: the selected rice seeds were subjected to germination test according to the crop seed test protocol (GB/T3543.4-1995). And taking out seedling plants after the rice seedlings emerge, gently cleaning root systems by using clear water, and then selecting the seedlings with consistent growth vigor and transplanting the seedlings to a plurality of culture boxes of the mercury and cadmium polluted farmland soil. The culture box is divided into two batches, one batch is sprayed with the foliage resistance and control agent regularly, and the other batch is not sprayed with the foliage resistance and control agent. After the seedling plants are cultured for 28 days, the plants are completely cleaned by clear water. Then, the plants were dried and weighed according to the Standard "gravimetric method for determination of soil Dry substance and Water" (HJ 613-. Relative species dry weight percent (%) was calculated according to the attached equation (1). Wherein y is1As rate of change of dry weight, m0The dry weight of the rice species which is not sprayed with the foliar retardant spraying liquid; m isxThe dry weight of the rice species to which the foliar controlling agent spray solution was sprayed.
Detecting the mercury content and the cadmium content of rice seedling plants and calculating the mercury and cadmium barrier rate: the rice seeds emerge from the farmland soil (without pollution) and the soil polluted by mercury and cadmium according to the standard germination test of the crop seed inspection regulations (GB/T3543.4-1995). After the seedling plants are cultured for 28 days, the plants are completely cleaned by clear water. The mercury content in the seedlings is determined by microwave digestion/atomic fluorescence method for measuring mercury, arsenic, selenium, bismuth and antimony in soil and sediments. The cadmium content in the seedlings is determined by aqua regia extraction-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for 12 metal elements of soil and sediments. The mercury and cadmium barrier ratios are calculated according to equation (2), where yMIs the barrier ratio of M (M is mercury and cadmium), cM0The content of M in the rice which is not sprayed with the foliar retardant spraying liquid; c. CMxThe content of M in the rice sprayed with the foliar retardant-spraying liquid.
The preparation of the foliar retarding and controlling agents was the same as in examples 1 to 3, and the test results of the dry weight change rate, mercury blocking rate and cadmium blocking rate of rice species are shown in table 1.
Table 1 shows the effect of the concentration of aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide on the rate of change of dry weight of species and the mercury and cadmium resistivity
As can be seen from table 1, when the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is less than 0.2M (as in table 1, when the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is 0.15M, 0.1M, 0.05M and lower values not listed in table 1), the concentration of potassium hydroxide is relatively low, and when the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is mixed with the fine powder of diatomaceous earth, the amount of silicon, aluminum, phosphorus, potassium and other elements dissolved in the alkali solution in the diatomaceous earth is reduced, and the amount of colloidal formation of the polyaluminum silicate system and the polyphosphazene system during the low-temperature plasma reaction is reduced, which results in a significant decrease in the rate of change in dry weight of the species and the mercury and cadmium control rates as the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is reduced. When the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is 0.2 to 2M (as shown in table 1, when the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is 0.2M, 1.1M, 2M), the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide and the fine powder of diatomaceous earth are mixed, and then elements such as silicon, aluminum, phosphorus, potassium and the like in the diatomaceous earth are dissolved in the alkaline solution. During the action of the low-temperature plasma, a large amount of oxygen radicals and hydroxyl radicals are generated, and a large amount of heat, microwaves and ultraviolet rays are released. Under the catalysis of heat, microwave and ultraviolet ray, the oxygen radical and hydroxyl radical can promote the silicon, aluminum and phosphorus in the alkali liquor to produce polysilicate aluminum colloid and polysilicate phosphorus colloid. The cation elements such as iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium and the like dissolved in the alkali liquor in the mixed slurry are adsorbed on the polysilica-silicon-aluminum-series and polysilica-phosphorus-series colloids. Finally, the dry weight change rate of the species is larger than 116%, the mercury barrier rate is larger than 82%, and the cadmium barrier rate is larger than 84%. When the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is greater than 2M (as shown in table 1, when the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is 2.2M, 2.5M, 35M and higher values not listed in table 1), the concentration of potassium hydroxide is too high, the prepared foliage resistance control agent is too alkaline, the content of potassium ions is too high, and the preparation growth and pollutant resistance control are not facilitated, so that the dry weight change rate of species and the mercury and cadmium resistance control rates are both remarkably reduced along with the further increase of the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide. Therefore, in summary, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the concentration of the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution is equal to 0.2-2M, the species dry weight change rate and the mercury and cadmium resistance rate performance of the prepared leaf surface resistance control agent are improved.
Test and test example 2:
the preparation of the leaf surface resistance control agent is the same as that of the embodiments 1 to 3, the rice species dry weight change monitoring and species dry weight change rate calculation, the rice seedling mercury content and cadmium content detection and mercury and cadmium barrier rate calculation are the same as that of the test and test example 1.
The test results of the dry weight change rate, mercury barrier rate and cadmium barrier rate are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 shows the influence of the mass ratio of humus soil and active silicon-potassium mixed slurry on the change rate of the dry weight of the species and the mercury and cadmium resistance rate performance
As can be seen from table 2, when the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed slurry is less than 0.2:1 (as in table 2, when the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed slurry is 0.15:1, 0.1:1, 0.05:1 and lower ratios not listed in table 2), the amount of humus soil is less, so that the amount of organic salts generated in the later period is less, the loading effect of functional groups on colloids is poor, and the dry weight change rate of species and the mercury and cadmium control rate are both significantly reduced as the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed slurry is reduced. When the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed pulp is 0.2-0.8: 1 (as shown in table 2, when the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed pulp is 0.2:1, 0.5:1, 0.8: 1), organic matters, silicon, calcium, magnesium and the like in the humus soil are dissolved in the mixed pulp after the humus soil and the active silicon-potassium mixed pulp are mixed. The low-temperature plasma irradiation is carried out on the silicon-potassium organic matter mixed slurry, so that the polysilicium-aluminum colloid and the polysilicium-phosphorus colloid can be further activated, the dissolution and the decomposition of the organic matter can be promoted, the micromolecular organic matter is generated, and the hydroxyl and the carboxyl are loaded on the colloid. The generated small molecular organic matter can be combined with iron, magnesium, calcium, potassium and the like to generate organic salt. Finally, the dry weight change rate of the species is larger than 124%, the mercury barrier rate is larger than 85%, and the cadmium barrier rate is larger than 89%. When the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed slurry is more than 0.8:1 (for example, when the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed slurry is 0.85:1, 0.9:1, 1:1 and higher ratios not listed in table 2), the humus soil is too much, and clay minerals in the humus soil are likely to further react with the polysilicium aluminum colloid and the polysilicium phosphorus colloid under the action of low-temperature plasma to generate geopolymer precipitates. Thereby leading the change rate of the dry weight of the species and the mercury and cadmium resistance control rates to be obviously reduced along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed slurry. Therefore, in a comprehensive aspect, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the humus soil to the active silicon-potassium mixed slurry is equal to 0.2-0.8: 1, the species dry weight change rate and the mercury and cadmium resistance rate performance of the prepared leaf surface resistance control agent are improved.
Test and test example 3:
the preparation of the leaf surface resistance control agent is the same as that of examples 1 to 3, the monitoring of the dry weight change of rice species and the calculation of the dry weight change rate of the species, the detection of the mercury content and the cadmium content of rice seedlings and the calculation of the mercury and cadmium barrier rates are the same as those of test example 1:
the test results of the dry weight change rate, mercury barrier rate and cadmium barrier rate of the rice species are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 shows the effect of the mass ratio of citric acid and silicon-potassium-based alkali-resistant slurry on the dry weight change rate of the species and the mercury and cadmium resistance rate performances
As can be seen from table 3, when the mass ratio of citric acid to the silico-potassium-based alkali-control-resistant slurry is less than 2:100 (as shown in table 3, when the mass ratio of citric acid to the silico-potassium-based alkali-control-resistant slurry is 1.5:100, 1:100, 0.5:100 and lower ratios not listed in table 3), the amount of citric acid is less, the amount of generated citrate is reduced, and the alkalinity of the silico-potassium-based alkali-control-resistant slurry is stronger, so that the dry weight change rate of species and the mercury and cadmium control rates are both significantly reduced as the mass ratio of citric acid to the silico-potassium-based alkali-control-resistant slurry is reduced. When the mass ratio of the citric acid to the silicopotash-based alkali-control inhibition slurry is 2-6: 100 (as shown in table 3, when the mass ratio of the citric acid to the silicopotash-based alkali-control inhibition slurry is 2:100, 4:100, or 6: 100), after the citric acid and the silicopotash-based alkali-control inhibition slurry are mixed, the hydrogen ions released from the citric acid can reduce the pH of the silicopotash-based alkali-control inhibition slurry, and reduce the concentration of hydroxyl groups in the alkali slurry. Meanwhile, citrate can be combined with iron, magnesium, calcium, potassium and the like to generate citrate. The activated polysilica-aluminum series and polysilica-phosphorus series colloid can obstruct and prepare the adsorption of pollutants in the air. Meanwhile, soluble iron, magnesium, calcium and potassium ions, small molecular organic salt and citrate can be absorbed by vegetation, so that the vegetation growth can be promoted, and the vegetation can be inhibited from adsorbing pollutants from soil, thereby realizing effective prevention and control of the pollutants. Finally, the dry weight change rate of the species is more than 128%, the mercury barrier rate is more than 88%, and the cadmium barrier rate is more than 91%. When the mass ratio of the citric acid to the silicopotash-based alkali-control inhibition slurry is greater than 6:100 (as shown in table 3, when the mass ratio of the citric acid to the silicopotash-based alkali-control inhibition slurry is 6.5:100, 7:100, 8:100 and higher ratios not listed in table 3), the excessive citric acid is excessive, and the adsorption of heavy metals in soil by vegetation root systems is increased due to the excessive citric acid radicals, so that the change rate of the dry weight of species and the mercury and cadmium inhibition control rates are remarkably reduced along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the citric acid to the silicopotash-based alkali-control inhibition slurry. Therefore, in a comprehensive aspect, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the citric acid to the silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkaline slurry is 2-6: 100, the species dry weight change rate and the mercury and cadmium resistance control rate performance of the prepared leaf surface resistance control agent are improved.
In conclusion, the technical scheme provided by the invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, successfully completes the invention task and truly realizes the technical effects of the applicant in the technical effect column.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a foliage resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) preparing diatomite powder, grinding and sieving the diatomite to obtain the diatomite powder;
B) preparing silicon-potassium mixed slurry, mixing a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution and the diatomite powder obtained in the step A) according to the volume-weight ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium mixed slurry;
C) preparing activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry, performing low-temperature plasma irradiation on the silicon-potassium mixed slurry obtained in the step B), and controlling technological parameters of the low-temperature plasma irradiation to obtain the activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry;
D) preparing silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry, mixing humus soil and the activated silicon-potassium mixed slurry obtained in the step C) according to the weight ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry;
E) preparing silicon-potassium-based resistance-control alkali slurry, irradiating the silicon-potassium organic mixed slurry obtained in the step D) with low-temperature plasma, and controlling technological parameters of the irradiation of the low-temperature plasma to obtain the silicon-potassium-based resistance-control alkali slurry;
F) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely mixing the citric acid weighed according to the weight ratio with the silicon-potassium-based resistance control alkali slurry obtained in the step E), uniformly stirring, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the leaf surface resistance control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of the rice.
2. The method for preparing the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content in rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding time in step a) is 2-6 hours, and the sieving is a sieve with a pore size of 25-75 μm.
3. The method for preparing the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content in rice according to claim 1, wherein the mol concentration of the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution in the step B) is 0.2-2M; the volume-weight ratio of the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution to the diatomite is 1-4: 1 ml/mg.
4. The method for preparing the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content in rice according to claim 1, wherein the process parameters for controlling the low temperature plasma irradiation in the step C) are: the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma is controlled to be 1-3h, the acting voltage of the low-temperature plasma is controlled to be 5-50KV, and air is adopted as the acting atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma.
5. The preparation method of the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content in rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the humus soil and the activated silicon-potassium mixed pulp in the step D) is 0.2-0.8: 1.
6. The method for preparing the foliar drag control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the humus is rotten plant matter.
7. The method for preparing the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content in rice according to claim 1, wherein the controlling the process parameters of the low temperature plasma irradiation in the step E) is: controlling the irradiation time of the low-temperature plasma to be 0.5-1.5h, controlling the acting voltage of the low-temperature plasma to be 5-50KV, and adopting air as the acting atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma.
8. The method for preparing the foliage resistance and control agent for reducing the heavy metal content in the rice according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the citric acid to the silicon-potassium-based alkali resistance and control slurry in the step F) is 2-6: 100.
9. The preparation method of the foliar drag-control agent for reducing the heavy metal content in rice according to claim 1, wherein the time for stirring uniformly in step F) is 0.5-1.5 h.
10. The use method of the foliar drag control agent for reducing the heavy metal content of rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the foliar drag control agent is diluted 18-22 times with water and sprayed on the rice foliage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011161910.XA CN112335676B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Preparation method and application of foliage resistance and control agent for reducing heavy metal content in rice |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011161910.XA CN112335676B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Preparation method and application of foliage resistance and control agent for reducing heavy metal content in rice |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112335676A true CN112335676A (en) | 2021-02-09 |
| CN112335676B CN112335676B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
Family
ID=74360266
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011161910.XA Active CN112335676B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Preparation method and application of foliage resistance and control agent for reducing heavy metal content in rice |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112335676B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113354476A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-07 | 广州新农科肥业科技有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer for preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution of farmland and preparation method thereof |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20130073025A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-07-02 | 동양시멘트 주식회사 | Solidifying agent for sewage sludge |
| CN106495900A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-15 | 环保桥（湖南）生态环境修复有限公司 | Siliceous sulfur-rich blade face resistance control agent of a kind of doped selenium for suppressing Oryza sativa L. and vegetable enriching heavy metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN106518529A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-22 | 蚌埠学院 | Compound biochar-based slow-release fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN107011084A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-08-04 | 何辉国 | A kind of paddy rice heavy metal resistance control agent and its soil conditioner |
| CN109964956A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of blade face resistance control agent and its preparation method and application |
| CN110105139A (en) * | 2019-05-18 | 2019-08-09 | 广西大学 | It is a kind of reduce rice content of beary metal selenium-rich nutritive regulator and its application |
| CN110357732A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-10-22 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of foliage fertilizer formulation and its method of administration reducing Cd concentration of brown rice using citric acid and malic acid |
| CN110746978A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-04 | 湖南国农农业高科技有限责任公司 | Rice cadmium-reducing soil conditioner and production method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-10-27 CN CN202011161910.XA patent/CN112335676B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20130073025A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-07-02 | 동양시멘트 주식회사 | Solidifying agent for sewage sludge |
| CN106495900A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-15 | 环保桥（湖南）生态环境修复有限公司 | Siliceous sulfur-rich blade face resistance control agent of a kind of doped selenium for suppressing Oryza sativa L. and vegetable enriching heavy metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN106518529A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-22 | 蚌埠学院 | Compound biochar-based slow-release fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN107011084A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-08-04 | 何辉国 | A kind of paddy rice heavy metal resistance control agent and its soil conditioner |
| CN109964956A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of blade face resistance control agent and its preparation method and application |
| CN110105139A (en) * | 2019-05-18 | 2019-08-09 | 广西大学 | It is a kind of reduce rice content of beary metal selenium-rich nutritive regulator and its application |
| CN110357732A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-10-22 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of foliage fertilizer formulation and its method of administration reducing Cd concentration of brown rice using citric acid and malic acid |
| CN110746978A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-04 | 湖南国农农业高科技有限责任公司 | Rice cadmium-reducing soil conditioner and production method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| GUO XIAO-FANG等: "Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation in Maize Grain as Affected by Cultivars and Chemical Fixation Amendments", 《PEDOSPHERE》 * |
| 徐露露: "钝化剂对镉和铅污染土壤水稻修复的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 朱晓东编著: "《热学》", 31 May 2014, 中国科学技术大学出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113354476A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-07 | 广州新农科肥业科技有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer for preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution of farmland and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112335676B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Mandal et al. | Biochar with near-neutral pH reduces ammonia volatilization and improves plant growth in a soil-plant system: A closed chamber experiment | |
| CN107987835B (en) | Heavy metal contaminated soil composite passivator and preparation method and application thereof | |
| Peterson | Effects of pH upon nutrient availability in a commercial soilless root medium utilized for floral crop production | |
| CN111303900B (en) | Modified charcoal-based soil conditioner for repairing Cd pollution and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN108262022B (en) | A kind of modification biological charcoal and preparation method thereof | |
| Nardi et al. | Biological activity of humic substances extracted from soils under different vegetation cover | |
| CN104774620A (en) | Compound conditioner for vanadium contaminated soil as well as preparation method and conditioning method of conditioner | |
| CN112335676B (en) | Preparation method and application of foliage resistance and control agent for reducing heavy metal content in rice | |
| CN110734339A (en) | fertilizer slow-release material with soil improvement function and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN110144222A (en) | A kind of As contaminated soil passivation renovation agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109971488B (en) | Paddy field soil cadmium pollution passivator and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN109913233B (en) | Rice field soil heavy metal passivation modifier | |
| CN110342965B (en) | Method for preparing microbial fertilizer | |
| Wibisono et al. | Hybridization of nitrogen compounds and hydroxyapatite: a slowly released fertiliser for water sustainability | |
| Hamed et al. | Application of glauconite mineral as alternative source of potassium in sandy soils | |
| CN112916604B (en) | Repair material for reducing bioavailability of cadmium in soil and application of repair material in passivation and repair of alkalescent soil | |
| CN112521952B (en) | Soil passivation microcapsule and method for resource utilization of titanium gypsum | |
| CN114031446A (en) | Mineral-rich plant nutrition foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| Wang et al. | Transformation of phosphate in rice (Oryza sativa L.) rhizosphere and its influence on phosphorus nutrition of rice | |
| CN113652233A (en) | Calcite passivator and application thereof | |
| CN113755175A (en) | Soil conditioner for treating farmland cadmium-arsenic combined pollution and application method thereof | |
| CN117987145B (en) | Composite regulating agent suitable for saline-alkali soil improvement | |
| CN110066658A (en) | Passivator and its application for mercury contaminated soil | |
| CN112877076B (en) | Myriophyllum rubrum biomass and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN115521789B (en) | Biological conditioner for improving nitrate nitrogen assimilation capacity of farmland soil and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20230412 Address after: 230000 floor 1, building 2, phase I, e-commerce Park, Jinggang Road, Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Dragon totem Technology (Hefei) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215500 Changshou City South Three Ring Road No. 99, Suzhou, Jiangsu Patentee before: CHANGSHU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20230518 Address after: No. 6, Pingtang Group, Xikeng Village, Tangjiang Town, Nankang District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000 Patentee after: Jiangxi selenium Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 230000 floor 1, building 2, phase I, e-commerce Park, Jinggang Road, Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Dragon totem Technology (Hefei) Co.,Ltd. |