CN112333643B - Wireless positioning method, system, medium and intelligent terminal for 5G downlink signals - Google Patents
Wireless positioning method, system, medium and intelligent terminal for 5G downlink signals Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless positioning, and discloses a wireless positioning method, a system, a medium and an intelligent terminal of a 5G downlink signal, wherein the method comprises the steps of carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on an acquired 5G NR downlink signal, and carrying out pilot signal DMRS extraction, multipath time delay acquisition and signal frame timing accurate synchronization on the basis of the initial synchronization and the acquired 5G NR downlink signal; and the wireless positioning method carries out positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal based on the obtained accurate synchronization pilot signal DMRS arrival time. The invention can realize high-precision positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal and can improve the positioning precision by utilizing the advantage of large bandwidth. Because the downstream signal of 5G NR does not receive the constraint of base station equipment merchant, can provide the solution for extensive thing networking intelligent terminal producer, and because the 5G basic station will generally lay indoor outer as public infrastructure, can provide indoor outer seamless position service.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless positioning, and particularly relates to a wireless positioning method, a wireless positioning system, a wireless positioning medium and an intelligent terminal for 5G downlink signals.
Background
At present, the construction of a 5G base station in the era of intelligent economy is a key task of the construction of national novel infrastructures, and with the rapid development of the 5G technology and the large-scale indoor and outdoor arrangement of the 5G base station, the 5G serving as a future mainstream communication technology will become an important signal source of indoor and outdoor spaces, and has wide application scenes and great application potential. Due to the fact that key technologies such as a large-scale antenna array, an ultra-dense network and a novel multi-address are introduced into the 5G, multi-antenna, large-bandwidth and low-delay communication is achieved, and wireless positioning research and analysis are facilitated.
In the aspect of positioning research, positioning cannot be achieved in indoor and urban canyon regions due to the fact that GNSS is difficult to reach, so technologies for conducting indoor positioning research by utilizing wireless communication signals such as WIFI, bluetooth and ultra wide band have been developed, but the signal sources cannot achieve large-area coverage like GNSS, and application is limited. Compared with the prior art, the 5G can realize large-scale coverage, effectively enlarge the signal coverage area and have signal characteristics favorable for wireless positioning. Therefore, the 5G signal can be used for improving the positioning precision and the application universality.
In addition, the positioning based on the 5G downlink signal is the key for realizing the 5G indoor and outdoor positioning research of the consumer level, and the larger bandwidth of the downlink signal and the positioning based on the terminal have flexible and wide application scenes, such as industrial manufacturing, intelligent transportation, logistics storage, retail sale, health care and the like. Currently, there are few studies on positioning based on 5G downlink signals.
The existing positioning method mainly comprises GNSS positioning and indoor wireless signal positioning (WIFI, Bluetooth, ultra wide band and the like). The GNSS signals are weak and difficult to reach in complex spaces such as urban canyons, indoor spaces, underground spaces and the like, and thus the positioning requirements in sheltered spaces such as indoor spaces and the like are difficult to meet. Therefore, indoor wireless signal positioning technology taking WIFI, Bluetooth and ultra wide band as mainstream has been rapidly developed. The positioning technology based on WIFI, Bluetooth and ultra wide band needs additional base stations to be arranged, so that large-scale application is difficult to form, wide coverage of indoor and outdoor positioning cannot be achieved, and popularization are difficult to achieve.
Regarding the research of 5G NR positioning, the research is very little at present, the existing base station side positioning based on uplink signals is mainly performed, and the base station side positioning only enables equipment end enterprises to obtain complete information, so that the open research and wide application are difficult to realize.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the existing GNSS positioning method is weak in signal and difficult to reach in complex spaces such as urban canyons, indoor spaces and underground spaces, and is difficult to meet the positioning requirement in sheltered spaces such as indoor spaces.
(2) The positioning technology based on WIFI, Bluetooth and ultra wide band is mainly used for indoor positioning, base stations need to be additionally arranged, the acting distance is short, and the requirement of large-scale wide-coverage indoor and outdoor seamless positioning is difficult to meet.
(3) In the 5G NR positioning, the base station side positioning based on the uplink signal requires a user to transmit a special positioning signal, occupies communication resources, is easy to leak position information, is limited in the number of accessed users, is limited in practical application, and is difficult to popularize commercially in a large scale; and the bandwidth of the downlink signal of the 5G NR system is far larger than that of the uplink signal, so that the high-precision positioning is facilitated.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is:
the difficulty is that the wireless signal is seriously interfered by multipath, and the precision of positioning and navigation is seriously influenced. How to effectively utilize the existing format and characteristics of a 5G downlink signal in the existing 5G signal structure and standard, eliminate multipath interference, obtain accurate signal arrival time to carry out ranging estimation and angle estimation, realize the high-precision positioning function of an intelligent terminal side based on the 5G NR downlink signal, and increase the high added value service of the intelligent terminal based on position information.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
the high-precision positioning method based on the 5G NR downlink signal expands the wireless positioning function of the 5G receiving module and provides position service for the Internet of things and mass users. Because the downlink signal of 5G NR is not restricted by base station equipment manufacturers, the solution can be provided for extensive intelligent terminal manufacturers of the Internet of things, and because the 5G base station is generally arranged indoors and outdoors as public infrastructure, the seamless position service indoors and outdoors can be provided, therefore, the intelligent terminal side positioning based on the downlink signal of 5G NR has important significance and huge market application potential.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a wireless positioning method, a wireless positioning system, a wireless positioning medium and an intelligent terminal for 5G downlink signals. In particular to a wireless positioning method, a wireless positioning system, a wireless positioning medium and a 5G intelligent terminal for 5G downlink signals.
The invention is realized in this way, a wireless positioning method of the downlink signal, carry on signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization to the downstream signal of 5G NR gathered, the said wireless positioning method carries on the extraction of pilot signal DMRS, multipath time delay acquisition and accurate synchronization of the timing of the signal frame on the basis of initial synchronization and said downstream signal of 5G NR obtained; and the wireless positioning method carries out positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal based on the obtained accurate synchronization pilot signal DMRS arrival time.
Further, the wireless positioning method comprises:
step one, collecting 5G NR downlink signals, and carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signals;
secondly, extracting a DMRS (demodulation reference signal) of a pilot signal, acquiring multipath time delay and accurately synchronizing the timing of a signal frame based on the initial synchronization and the acquired 5G NR downlink signal;
and thirdly, based on the obtained accurate synchronization pilot signal DMRS arrival time, the receiver terminal can accurately obtain the estimation information of the distance or the angle, and high-precision positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal can be realized through triangular intersection.
Further, in the first step, the performing SSB detection and timing initial synchronization of the signal frame synchronization signal block includes:
(1) detecting a primary synchronization signal PSS of a 5G NR downlink signal;
(2) demodulating OFDM signals to obtain demodulated time-frequency signals;
(3) detecting a downlink signal auxiliary synchronization signal SSS;
(4) calculating the identification ID of the base station cell based on the following formula based on the detected PSS reference sequence NID2 and SSS reference signal ID NID 1;
CellID＝3×NID1+NID2；
(5) signal frame timing initial synchronization: and extracting a synchronous signal block SSB from the demodulated signal according to the information and the signal format, and performing initial synchronization and acquisition of the 5G NR downlink signal.
Further, in step (1), the detecting the primary synchronization signal PSS of the downlink signal includes:
(1.1) generating three PSS reference signals specified in the 3GPP TS 38.211 protocol based on the m-sequence;
(1.2) carrying out correlation detection on the reference signal and the received signal in a correlation mode, and detecting to obtain a sequence of the most correlated reference signal, wherein the sequence is marked as NID2 belonging to {0, 1, 2}, and is a PSS detection result;
and (1.3) extracting to obtain the corresponding PSS reference signal and the initial position of the PSS signal, and performing frequency offset correction on the initial position of the PSS signal to obtain more accurate PSS position information.
Further, in step (3), the detecting the secondary synchronization signal SSS of the downlink signal includes:
detecting and extracting SSS signals from the demodulated signals according to a signal format; 336 SSS reference signals specified in a 3GPP TS 38.211 protocol are generated based on m-sequences, correlation processing is carried out on the generated reference signals and the extracted SSS signals to obtain the ID of the most relevant SSS reference signal, the ID is marked as NID1 ∈ {0, 1, 2.., 335}, and the corresponding most relevant SSS reference signal is extracted.
Further, the step two includes:
(2.1) extracting DMRS: determining the specific positions of the DMRS in time domain and frequency domain according to the signal format and the cell identification code CellID of the base station, and completely extracting the DMRS from the SSB;
(2.2) multipath delay acquisition: performing channel estimation and multipath extraction on a DMRS (demodulation reference signal) by a matching pursuit or multiple signal classification method to obtain an accurate multipath time delay starting point in a signal;
and (2.3) fine synchronization of multipath time delay: and performing time fine synchronization through a time delay lock ring based on a multipath time delay starting point obtained by multipath time delay, so as to obtain a more accurate multipath time delay result and further obtain the accurate arrival time of the 5G NR downlink signal.
Further, in step (2.2), the multipath delay obtaining includes:
(2.2.1) performing channel estimation according to the locally generated DMRS reference signals and the corresponding receiving signals;
(2.2.2) performing multi-path extraction on the DMRS signal by a signal matching or correlation method, wherein the matching algorithm and the correlation method comprise methods such as matching tracking, multiple signal classification and the like;
and (2.2.3) obtaining an accurate time delay starting point of the multipath in the signal according to the multipath extraction result.
Further, in step (2.3), the fine multipath delay synchronization includes:
(2.3.1) according to a multipath time delay starting point obtained by multipath time delay, a locally generated DMRS reference signal and a corresponding receiving signal, carrying out time fine synchronization through a time delay lock ring;
and (2.3.2) obtaining a more accurate multi-path time delay result according to the fine estimation result, extracting first path information, and further obtaining the accurate arrival time of the 5G NR downlink signal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless positioning system based on a 5G NR downlink signal, which implements the wireless positioning method for the downlink signal, wherein the wireless positioning system based on the 5G NR downlink signal includes:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a 5G NR downlink signal;
the SSB detection module is used for carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signals;
the timing fine synchronization module is used for performing signal frame timing fine synchronization through extraction of a pilot signal of the 5G NR downlink signal, namely a demodulation reference signal DMRS, multi-path time delay acquisition and time delay tracking;
and the positioning module is used for performing ranging estimation and angle estimation based on the obtained accurate signal arrival time and performing positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for wireless location of downlink signals, including:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a 5G NR downlink signal;
the SSB detection module is used for carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signals;
the timing fine synchronization module is used for performing signal frame timing fine synchronization through extraction of a pilot signal of the 5G NR downlink signal, namely a demodulation reference signal DMRS, multi-path time delay acquisition and time delay tracking;
and the positioning module is used for performing ranging estimation and angle estimation based on the obtained accurate signal arrival time and performing positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signal;
the method comprises the steps of performing accurate synchronization of signal frame timing through extraction of a pilot signal of a 5G NR downlink signal, multipath time delay acquisition and time delay tracking;
and performing ranging estimation and angle estimation based on the obtained accurate synchronization pilot signal arrival time, and performing positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signal;
the method comprises the steps of performing accurate synchronization of signal frame timing through extraction of a pilot signal of a 5G NR downlink signal, multipath time delay acquisition and time delay tracking; the pilot signal is a demodulation reference signal (DMRS);
and performing ranging estimation and angle estimation based on the obtained accurate synchronization pilot signal arrival time, and performing positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide an intelligent terminal, configured to implement the wireless positioning method based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention can realize high-precision positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
According to the invention, the 5G NR downlink signal is utilized to carry out positioning research based on the intelligent terminal, the positioning accuracy can be improved by utilizing the advantage of large bandwidth, and the research based on the intelligent terminal can be widely applied to different scenes, so that the possibility of high-accuracy positioning is provided for the position Internet of things. The method is carried out based on the 5G base station which is widely covered indoors and outdoors, and does not need to additionally arrange the base station by a person needing positioning, thereby greatly reducing the application cost. The invention is helpful to provide a new technical method and possibility for indoor and outdoor seamless positioning research.
The technical effect or experimental effect of comparison includes:
by demodulating the 5G NR downlink signal, the signal is processed according to the present invention to obtain an effective positioning ranging result, for example, fig. 4 is a ranging result of the 5G NR downlink signal in an indoor mobile scene.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless positioning method based on a 5G NR downlink signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for wirelessly positioning a downlink signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless positioning system for downlink signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a signal acquisition module; 2. an SSB detection module; 3. a timing fine synchronization module; 4. and a positioning module.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a real result of indoor mobile ranging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a wireless positioning method, system, medium and intelligent terminal for 5G downlink signals, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the principle of a wireless positioning method based on a 5G NR downlink signal according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The embodiment adopted by the invention comprises that in the positioning range, the assembled 5G universal base station is provided, the 5G base station has the transmitting function of the 5G NR downlink signal, and the 5G intelligent terminal receives the 5G NR downlink signal and processes the signal through the wireless positioning system of the downlink signal. The number of 5G base stations depends on the actual indoor scenario, and the base station identification code can be obtained from the signal frame synchronization signal block SSB. Because the invention adopts the 5G NR downlink signal for positioning, the number of the intelligent terminals is not limited.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for wirelessly positioning a downlink signal according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101, collecting 5G NR downlink signals, and carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signals;
s102, performing signal frame timing fine synchronization through extraction, multipath time delay acquisition and time delay tracking of a pilot signal, namely a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), of a 5G NR downlink signal;
and S103, performing ranging estimation and angle estimation based on the obtained accurate signal arrival time, and performing positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
In step S101, the detecting and timing initial synchronization of the signal frame synchronization signal block SSB according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
(1) detecting a primary synchronization signal PSS of a 5G NR downlink signal;
(2) demodulating OFDM signals to obtain demodulated time-frequency signals;
(3) detecting a downlink signal auxiliary synchronization signal SSS;
(4) calculating the identification ID of the base station cell based on the following formula based on the detected PSS reference sequence NID2 and SSS reference signal ID NID 1;
CellID＝3×NID1+NID2；
(5) signal frame timing initial synchronization: and extracting a synchronous signal block SSB from the demodulated signal according to the information and the signal format, and performing initial synchronization and acquisition of the 5G NR downlink signal.
In step (1), the detecting of the primary synchronization signal PSS of the downlink signal provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
(1.1) generating three PSS reference signals specified in the 3GPP TS 38.211 protocol based on the m-sequence;
(1.2) carrying out correlation detection on the reference signal and the received signal in a correlation mode, and detecting to obtain a sequence of the most correlated reference signal, wherein the sequence is marked as NID2 belonging to {0, 1, 2}, and is a PSS detection result;
and (1.3) extracting to obtain the corresponding PSS reference signal and the initial position of the PSS signal, and performing frequency offset correction on the initial position of the PSS signal to obtain more accurate PSS position information.
In step (3), the detecting of the secondary synchronization signal SSS of the downlink signal provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
detecting and extracting SSS signals from the demodulated signals according to a signal format; 336 SSS reference signals specified in a 3GPP TS 38.211 protocol are generated based on m-sequences, correlation processing is carried out on the generated reference signals and the extracted SSS signals to obtain the ID of the most relevant SSS reference signal, the ID is marked as NID1 ∈ {0, 1, 2.., 335}, and the corresponding most relevant SSS reference signal is extracted.
In step S102, the extracting, multi-path delay acquiring, and delay tracking of the DMRS, which is a pilot signal of the 5G NR downlink signal, to perform signal frame timing fine synchronization according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
(2.1) extracting DMRS: determining the specific positions of the DMRS in time domain and frequency domain according to the signal format and the cell identification code CellID of the base station, and completely extracting the DMRS from the SSB;
(2.2) multipath delay acquisition: performing channel estimation and multipath extraction on a DMRS (demodulation reference signal) by a matching pursuit or multiple signal classification method to obtain an accurate multipath time delay starting point in a signal;
and (2.3) fine synchronization of multipath time delay: and performing time fine synchronization through a time delay lock ring based on a multipath time delay starting point obtained by multipath time delay, so as to obtain a more accurate multipath time delay result and further obtain the accurate arrival time of the 5G NR downlink signal.
In step (2.2), the multipath delay obtaining provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
(2.2.1) performing channel estimation according to the locally generated DMRS reference signals and the corresponding receiving signals;
(2.2.2) performing multi-path extraction on the DMRS signal by a signal matching or correlation method, wherein the matching algorithm and the correlation method comprise methods such as matching tracking, multiple signal classification and the like;
and (2.2.3) obtaining an accurate time delay starting point of the multipath in the signal according to the multipath extraction result.
In step (2.3), the fine synchronization of multipath delay provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
(2.3.1) according to a multipath time delay starting point obtained by multipath time delay, a locally generated DMRS reference signal and a corresponding receiving signal, carrying out time fine synchronization through a time delay lock ring;
and (2.3.2) obtaining a more accurate multi-path time delay result according to the fine estimation result, extracting first path information, and further obtaining the accurate arrival time of the 5G NR downlink signal.
In step S103, based on the obtained DMRS arrival time of the accurate synchronization pilot signal, the receiver terminal may accurately obtain distance or angle estimation information, and high-precision positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal may be achieved through triangular intersection.
The acquisition of the estimation information of the distance or the angle belongs to the necessary steps of positioning, the information is achieved by acquiring accurate signals, the purpose is to carry out accurate distance measurement and angle measurement estimation, and then high-precision wireless positioning can be realized by triangular intersection. Accurate signal arrival time estimation is an important basis for distance measurement and angle measurement and realization of high-precision wireless positioning.
The existing distance measurement and angle measurement methods are more, but the key protection of the invention is how to obtain accurate signal arrival time by using the downlink signal of the 5G NR signal, and the subsequent distance measurement and angle measurement can adopt various existing methods to realize positioning. How to use the signal arrival time to carry out distance measurement and angle measurement and carry out triangulation location is a mature technology of wireless location.
As shown in fig. 3, a wireless positioning system based on a 5G NR downlink signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the signal acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring a 5G NR downlink signal;
the SSB detection module 2 is used for carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signals;
the timing fine synchronization module 3 is used for performing signal frame timing fine synchronization through extraction of a pilot signal of the 5G NR downlink signal, namely a demodulation reference signal DMRS, multi-path time delay acquisition and time delay tracking;
and the positioning module 4 is used for performing ranging estimation and angle estimation based on the obtained accurate signal arrival time, and performing positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
The technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.
Example (b):
a wireless positioning method based on 5G NR downlink signals mainly comprises the following implementation materials: and (3) the assembled 5G base station (one) and the 5G receiving intelligent terminal (one) in a real scene. The 5G receiving intelligent terminal mainly comprises a signal acquisition module, an SSB detection module, a timing fine synchronization module and a positioning module.
The implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: and acquiring the 5G NR downlink signal by the 5G receiving intelligent terminal under a real scene with the 5G base station according to the frequency band and the bandwidth of the synchronous signal.
Step 2: signal frame synchronization signal block ssb (synchronization signal block) detection and timing initial synchronization, the method further comprising:
(1) primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) of downlink signal is detected.
And carrying out PSS detection on the received and acquired 5G NR downlink signals. Firstly, three PSS reference signals specified in a 3GPP TS 38.211 protocol are generated based on an m-sequence, then, the reference signals and received signals are subjected to correlation detection in a correlation mode, the sequence of the most correlated reference signals is obtained through detection and is marked as NID2 belonging to {0, 1, 2}, namely, the PSS detection result is obtained, the PSS reference signals are extracted, the initial position of the PSS signals can be obtained through correlation, and then, the more accurate PSS position index is obtained through frequency offset correction.
(2) And demodulating the OFDM signal to obtain a demodulated time-frequency signal.
And detecting a downlink signal auxiliary synchronization signal SSS (secondary synchronization signal).
(3) The SSS signals are detected according to the signal format and extracted from the demodulated signals.
Further, 336 SSS reference signals specified in a 3GPP TS 38.211 protocol are generated based on the m-sequence, correlation processing is carried out on the generated reference signals and the extracted SSS signals to obtain the ID of the most relevant SSS reference signal, the ID is marked as NID1 belonging to {0, 1, 2., 335}, and the corresponding most relevant SSS reference signal is extracted.
(4) Cell ID identification.
Based on the detected NID2 and NID1, according to the formula:
CellID＝3×NID1+NID2
the identification ID of the base station cell can be calculated.
(5) And signal frame timing initial synchronization.
And a synchronous signal block SSB can be extracted from the demodulated signal according to the signal format through the position index of the PSS, so as to complete initial synchronization and acquisition of the 5G NR downlink signal.
Step 2: and the signal frame timing is precisely synchronized.
In order to further improve the positioning accuracy, a pilot signal of the 5G NR downlink signal, that is, a demodulation reference signal DMRS (demodulation reference signal) may be extracted, multipath extraction may be performed by methods such as OMP and MUSIC, so as to obtain a more accurate multipath delay starting point, and then delay tracking may be performed by a delay loop to obtain fine time synchronization, so as to obtain an accurate symbol position where the DMRS pilot signal is located.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and (3) extracting DMRS: and (2) detecting the symbol position of the DMRS in the time domain from the SSB signal obtained in the step (1) according to the signal format, then determining the specific subcarrier position of the DMRS in the frequency domain according to the cell identification code CellID of the base station obtained by the signal frame synchronization in the step (1), and combining the positions in the time domain and the frequency domain to realize the complete extraction of the DMRS from the SSB.
(2) And (3) multipath time delay acquisition: aims to reduce residual error caused by rough synchronization and provide an accurate starting point as an initial value of time fine synchronization tracking. The multipath acquisition can be realized by performing channel estimation and multipath extraction on the DMRS (demodulation reference signal) through a matching and correlation method, such as a matching tracking or multi-signal classification method, so as to obtain an accurate time delay starting point of the multipath in the signal.
(3) Time fine synchronization: and performing time fine synchronization through a time delay lock ring based on a multipath time delay starting point obtained by multipath time delay, so as to obtain a more accurate multipath time delay result and further obtain the accurate arrival time of the 5G NR downlink signal.
And step 3: according to the accurate signal arrival time obtained in the step 2, further ranging estimation and angle estimation can be performed to perform positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal.
Fig. 4 is a real result of indoor mobile ranging in the embodiment, and it can be seen that the present invention can complete accurate arrival time estimation based on a 5G NR downlink signal, obtain a high-accuracy distance estimation result, and further achieve sub-meter-level high-accuracy indoor positioning accuracy by combining with an angle measurement method.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A wireless positioning method of downlink signals, which carries out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on collected 5G NR downlink signals, is characterized in that the wireless positioning method carries out extraction of a pilot signal DMRS, acquisition of multipath time delay and accurate synchronization of signal frame timing based on the initial synchronization and the obtained 5G NR downlink signals; the wireless positioning method carries out positioning based on a 5G NR downlink signal based on the obtained DMRS arrival time of the pilot signal;
the wireless positioning method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting 5G NR downlink signals, and carrying out signal frame synchronization signal block SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signals;
secondly, extracting a DMRS (demodulation reference signal) of a pilot signal, acquiring multipath time delay and accurately synchronizing the timing of a signal frame based on the initial synchronization and the acquired 5G NR downlink signal;
thirdly, based on the obtained time of arrival of the DMRS, the receiver terminal can accurately obtain the estimation information of the distance or the angle, and high-precision positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal can be realized through triangular intersection;
the method for extracting the DMRS of the pilot signal determines the specific positions of the DMRS in time domain and frequency domain according to the signal format and the cell identification code CellID of the base station, and completely extracts the DMRS from a signal frame synchronization signal block SSB;
the multipath delay acquisition comprises:
performing channel estimation and multipath extraction on a DMRS (demodulation reference signal) by a matching pursuit and multiple signal classification method to obtain an accurate multipath time delay starting point in a signal;
the multi-path delay acquisition specifically comprises:
performing channel estimation according to the locally generated DMRS reference signal and the corresponding receiving signal;
performing multi-path extraction on the DMRS signal by a signal matching and correlation method, wherein the signal matching and correlation method comprises a matching tracking method and a multiple signal classification method;
and obtaining an accurate time delay starting point of the multipath in the signal according to the multipath extraction result.
2. The method for wirelessly positioning a downlink signal according to claim 1, wherein the signal frame timing fine synchronization comprises: and performing time fine synchronization through a time delay lock ring based on a multipath time delay starting point obtained by multipath time delay, so as to obtain a more accurate multipath time delay result and further obtain the accurate arrival time of the 5G NR downlink signal.
3. The method for wirelessly positioning a downlink signal according to claim 2, wherein the fine time synchronization of the multipath delay starting point obtained based on the multipath delay through the delay locked loop specifically comprises:
obtaining a multipath time delay starting point, a locally generated DMRS reference signal and a corresponding receiving signal according to multipath time delay, and carrying out time fine synchronization through a time delay lock ring;
and obtaining a more accurate multi-path time delay result according to the fine estimation result, extracting first path information, and further obtaining the accurate arrival time of the 5G NR downlink signal.
4. A downlink signal wireless positioning system, which performs the steps of the downlink signal wireless positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring the 5G NR downlink signal; and an SSB detection module for performing SSB detection and timing initial synchronization on the collected 5G NR downlink signal; wherein the wireless positioning system for the downlink signal further comprises:
the timing fine synchronization module is used for extracting a DMRS (demodulation reference signal), acquiring multipath time delay and accurately synchronizing the timing of a signal frame based on the initial synchronization and the acquired 5G NR downlink signal;
and the positioning module is used for positioning based on the 5G NR downlink signal based on the obtained DMRS arrival time of the pilot signal.
5. A computer arrangement, characterized in that the computer arrangement comprises a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the method for wireless location of a downlink signal according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for wireless positioning of downlink signals according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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