CN114585081A - 5GNR indoor positioning method based on slave positioning base station - Google Patents
5GNR indoor positioning method based on slave positioning base station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a 5G NR indoor positioning method based on a slave positioning base station, which carries out indoor positioning by utilizing the slave positioning base station, and the slave positioning base station only consists of a distributed unit and a radio remote unit, thus the production cost is low; meanwhile, the distributed units of the slave positioning base stations are connected to the centralized distribution unit of the master base station through a 3GPP F1 interface, so that air interface resource coordination among the slave positioning base stations is easy to realize, accurate time synchronization of the distributed units is easy to realize, and meanwhile, a hardware architecture sharing the centralized unit can effectively coordinate resource allocation among the slave positioning base stations in a code domain, a frequency domain and a time domain, so that the positioning performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of indoor positioning, in particular to a 5GNR indoor positioning method based on a slave positioning base station.
Background
In the LTE system, DL-TDOA positioning is based on a positioning terminal measuring the Time Difference between the arrival of a Reference brain Signal at the positioning terminal between a serving base station and an adjacent base station, also referred to as Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD). In order to accurately position the terminal, the position of the transmitting antenna of the base station and the arrival time of each base station reference signal need to be accurately known, and the exact terminal position can be obtained by combining some approximation algorithms.
The existing indoor positioning technologies mainly include technologies such as inertial navigation, UWB, Bluetooth and WIFI to realize positioning, but the technologies have the problems of poor positioning accuracy or the need of additionally fixing high-cost facilities. As internet applications develop towards the internet of things and the industrial internet, a fifth-generation mobile communication system (5th-generation,5G) has gradually been widely recognized as a base of a new generation of internet. Because the frequency of the 5G signal is higher than that of the 4G network, and the indoor deep coverage can not meet the requirement of 5G experience, the 5G must adopt a double-base-station network arrangement mode of an outdoor macro base station and an indoor small base station. The 5G small base station has the advantages of flexibility, agility and openness, and can be adapted to industrial scenes and requirements more economically and quickly. As a new generation communication network covering a wide range, the 5G has the following positioning advantages: the high-precision position service is realized by utilizing the characteristics of high bandwidth, multiple antennas and the like; the communication capability and the computing capability of the 5G network are used for enabling the positioning service, and the novel positioning service which is scene-oriented and commercialized is provided.
Because the indoor deployment of small base stations for signal coverage and hot spot splitting is limited by the indoor wireless propagation environment and deployment cost, and the small base station antennas are few (usually not more than 4T4R), the DL-AoD and UL-AoA methods proposed by 3GPP have poor angle measurement accuracy, and thus have little use value. Meanwhile, DL-TDOA and UL-TDOA need strict synchronization of clocks among multiple base stations (1ns precision), technical realization difficulty is high, and meanwhile, the cost of the base stations and the deployment cost are greatly increased. Therefore, the traditional high-precision positioning method is difficult to be directly applied to a small base station. In addition, under the 3GPP R16 positioning framework, a large amount of information interaction between network elements such as UE, NG-RAN, AMF/LMF and the like is required for returning a positioning request from the initiation to the location result, so that one-time positioning takes up to 300ms, and there is a problem of high positioning flow overhead.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a slave positioning base station-based 5G NR indoor positioning method, which has low deployment cost and high positioning accuracy, and can be deployed densely indoors.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
A5G NR indoor positioning method based on a slave positioning base station is realized based on an indoor positioning system, the indoor positioning system comprises a main base station and a plurality of slave positioning base stations, the main base station is a 5G small base station and comprises a centralized unit, a distributed unit and a radio remote unit; the slave positioning base station comprises a distributed unit and a radio remote unit; the distributed unit of the slave positioning base station is connected to the centralized distributed unit of the master base station through a 3GPP F1 interface;
the positioning method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, a synchronous signal block signal and a positioning reference signal are broadcast from a positioning base station through a radio remote unit in a specific time slot;
the synchronous signal block signal comprises a main synchronous signal, an auxiliary synchronous signal and a physical broadcast channel;
step 2, the positioning terminal searches signals from the positioning base station to realize synchronization and decoding of a synchronization signal block and a system information block # 1;
step 3, the positioning terminal demodulates a physical broadcast channel periodically transmitted from the positioning base station, and the physical broadcast channel is used for transmitting relevant important parameters including system bandwidth and system frame number;
step 4, the positioning terminal and the distributed module of the slave positioning base station are in wireless resource control connection, the slave positioning base station connected with the positioning terminal is called a main cell base station, and other slave positioning base stations are called adjacent cell base stations; after receiving a connection request of a positioning terminal, a main cell base station performs signaling resource allocation and transmits configuration parameters to a main cell base station CU through wireless resource control, the main cell base station CU performs signaling resource allocation on an adjacent cell base station through wireless resource control, and after the signaling resource allocation is completed, the main cell base station feeds back the signaling resource allocation to the main cell base station, and then the main cell base station informs the positioning terminal of the parameters and performs parameter analysis and allocation on the positioning terminal;
step 5, the positioning terminal initiates a positioning request, and the main cell base station informs the positioning terminal of the joint signaling resource allocation and the global synchronization channel number value of the synchronization signal block of the adjacent cell base station through a wireless resource control signaling;
step 6, the positioning reference signal sent from the positioning base station is composed of a pseudo-random sequence modulated by QPSK, has a specific time frequency resource block distribution mode, and is subjected to certain constraint when mapping time slot symbols and subcarriers, namely cannot be mapped to source particles distributed to a synchronous signal block and does not overlap with a cell reference signal of any antenna port;
and 7, performing DL-TDOA measurement by the positioning terminal, performing signal measurement and estimation according to the selected positioning technology by receiving the joint signaling sent by the main cell base station and the adjacent cell base station, and obtaining the arrival time difference of the reference signals of the main cell base station and the adjacent cell base station so as to complete position calculation.
In step 2, the main steps of synchronizing the positioning terminal are as follows:
(1) and (3) PSS detection: performing sliding correlation at a receiving end by utilizing the autocorrelation characteristic of a main synchronization signal to obtain a correlation peak value so as to determine the position of the whole synchronization signal block and parameters carried by the main synchronization signal;
(2) frequency offset estimation: carrying out frequency offset estimation by using the PSS;
(3) channel estimation: performing channel estimation through the auxiliary synchronization signal;
(4) auxiliary synchronization signal detection: frequency domain correlation detection is employed.
The process of demodulating the physical broadcast channel in step 3 is as follows:
(1) positioning the position of a physical broadcast channel according to the time domain position of a main synchronization signal, separating three symbols where the physical broadcast channel is positioned, and then performing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to obtain frequency domain data;
(2) judging the position of the demodulation reference signal according to the physical position identification, and performing channel estimation and compensation by using the demodulation reference signal and adopting an interpolation algorithm;
(3) and performing constellation de-mapping, channel de-coding and cyclic redundancy check.
The reference signal sequence of the positioning reference signal is defined as follows:
wherein n issIs the number of a slot in a radio frame, l is the number of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol in a slot, and c (i) is a pseudo-random sequence.
The key parameter of the positioning reference signal in 1 time slot comprises the positioning reference signal bandwidth
Size of comb teeth
Number of symbols LPRSPeriod of time
And a repetition factor
The configuration rules for the positioning reference signals are as follows:
(1)
is the number of physical resource blocks used for transmission of the positioning reference signal,
the minimum value is 24 physical resource blocks, the maximum value is 272 physical resource blocks, and the granularity is 4 physical resource blocks; allocating positioning reference signals on a common partial frequency width; when power boosting is adopted, 1-2 physical resource blocks of a channel edge need to be avoided by a positioning reference signal;
(2)
the comb tooth size of the physical resource block is 2, 4, 6 and 12;
the configuration of (2) first needs to consider the positioning range of the positioning reference signal, which is as follows:
(5)
is the period of positioning reference signal resources, and has 17 values in total, the minimum value is 4ms,
the configuration of the positioning system is related to the first positioning time, the power consumption of the positioning terminal and the positioning service delay; first of all, the first step is to,
less than the first fix time; second, longer
For low power consumption scenarios; shorter
For low latency scenarios;
(6)
is the number of repetitions of the positioning reference signal resource, and takes values of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, and 32.
In step 7, the user terminal calculates the time difference of arrival of the reference signal by using a time domain correlation method, which specifically includes:
(1) setting a certain search window;
(2) carrying out time domain correlation on the received signal and a positioning reference signal of a main cell base station at intervals according to a certain starting point in a window, and carrying out non-coherent accumulation on a time domain correlation function obtained by continuously positioning subframes;
(3) performing constant false alarm detection on the time domain correlation function, estimating a plurality of adjacent cell base stations through time delay corresponding to a threshold, namely time delay of a main cell base station to a positioning terminal, wherein the process is a hypothesis test process;
(4) and calculating the time delay difference between the time delay from the main cell base station to the positioning terminal and the time delay from the adjacent cell base station to the positioning terminal, namely RSTD.
In step 7, the user terminal calculates the time difference of arrival of the reference signal by using a frequency domain correlation method, which specifically includes:
(1) setting a certain search window;
(2) carrying out fast Fourier transform on a received signal at intervals according to a certain starting point in a window, carrying out correlation on the signal after changing to a frequency domain and a conjugate of a frequency domain positioning reference signal to obtain a frequency domain correlation function, and carrying out non-coherent accumulation on the frequency domain correlation function obtained by continuously positioning subframes;
(3) the delay of the pilot frequency arrival time can cause the rotation of the phase of the subcarrier, and the phase rotation angle is related to the frequency of the subcarrier, and the arrival time can be obtained according to the rotation magnitude of the relative phase;
(4) and calculating the time delay difference between the time delay from the main cell base station to the positioning terminal and the time delay from the adjacent cell base station to the positioning terminal, namely RSTD.
After the scheme is adopted, the indoor positioning is carried out by utilizing the slave positioning base station, and the slave positioning base station only consists of the distributed unit and the radio remote unit, so that the production cost is low; meanwhile, the distributed units of the slave positioning base stations are connected to the centralized distributed unit of the master base station through a 3GPP F1 interface, so that air interface resource coordination among the slave positioning base stations is easy to realize, accurate time synchronization of the distributed units is easy to realize, and meanwhile, a hardware architecture sharing the centralized unit can effectively coordinate resource allocation among the slave positioning base stations in a code domain, a frequency domain and a time domain, so as to improve positioning performance. The time synchronization precision of the invention is better than 2ns, thus the positioning precision of DL-TDOA of the positioning terminal reaches 1.5 m.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a topological diagram of a slave positioning base station arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of positioning from a positioning base station according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a slave positioning base station-based 5G NR indoor positioning system, which includes a master base station and a plurality of slave positioning base stations, wherein the master base station is a 5G small base station, and includes a Centralized Unit (CU), a Distributed Unit (DU), and a Radio Remote Unit (RRU); the slave positioning base station comprises a distributed unit and a radio remote unit. The distributed unit of the slave positioning base station is connected to the centralized distributed unit of the master base station through a 3GPP F1 interface. The method and the device enable air interface resource coordination among the multiple slave positioning base stations to be easily realized, enable accurate time synchronization of the multiple distributed units to be easily realized, and enable a hardware architecture sharing the centralized unit to effectively coordinate resource allocation among the slave positioning base stations in a code domain, a frequency domain and a time domain so as to improve positioning performance.
As shown in fig. 2, when the positioning system performs indoor positioning, the method includes the following steps:
step 1, broadcasting a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) signal and a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) from a positioning base station through a Radio Remote Unit (RRU) at a specific time slot.
The Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) signal comprises a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH).
Step 2, the positioning terminal (UE) searches signals from the positioning base station to realize synchronization and decode a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) and a system information block #1(SIB #1), and the main steps of the positioning terminal for synchronization are as follows:
(1) and (3) PSS detection: the autocorrelation characteristic of the main synchronizing signal is utilized to carry out sliding correlation at a receiving end to obtain a correlation peak value, so that the position of the whole synchronizing signal block and the parameters carried by the main synchronizing signal can be determined;
(2) frequency offset estimation: because the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM technology is sensitive to the interference of frequency offset, in order to improve the synchronization performance, PSS is used for carrying out frequency offset estimation;
(3) channel estimation: in order to improve the performance of the detection of the auxiliary synchronizing signal, the channel estimation is firstly carried out through the auxiliary synchronizing signal, and if the auxiliary synchronizing signal adopts a frequency domain correlation algorithm, the channel estimation has a large influence on the success rate of the detection of the auxiliary synchronizing signal;
(4) auxiliary synchronization signal detection: the physical broadcast channel has a special position and is overlapped with the symbol of the secondary synchronization signal in the time domain, so that the detection of the secondary synchronization signal in the time domain is relatively complex, and the detection of the secondary synchronization signal adopts frequency domain correlation.
And 3, demodulating a physical broadcast channel periodically transmitted from the positioning base station by the positioning terminal, wherein the physical broadcast channel is used for transmitting relevant important parameters including system bandwidth and system frame number. The process of demodulating the physical broadcast channel is as follows:
(1) positioning the position of a physical broadcast channel according to the time domain position of a main synchronization signal, separating three symbols where the physical broadcast channel is positioned, and then performing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to obtain frequency domain data;
(2) judging the position of a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) according to the physical position identifier, and performing channel estimation and compensation by using the demodulation reference signal and adopting an interpolation algorithm;
(3) and performing constellation de-mapping, channel de-coding and Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).
And 4, performing Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection between the positioning terminal and a distributed module (DU) of the slave positioning base station, wherein the slave positioning base station connected with the positioning terminal is called a main cell base station, and other slave positioning base stations are called adjacent cell base stations. After receiving a connection request of the positioning terminal, the main cell base station performs signaling resource configuration and transmits configuration parameters to the main base station CU through wireless resource control, the main base station CU performs signaling resource configuration on the adjacent cell base station through wireless resource control, after the signaling resource configuration is completed, the signaling resource configuration is fed back to the main cell base station, the main cell base station informs the positioning terminal of the parameters, and then the positioning terminal performs parameter analysis configuration.
And step 5, the positioning terminal initiates a positioning request, and the main cell base station informs the positioning terminal of the joint signaling resource allocation and the Global Synchronization Channel Number (GSCN) value of the synchronization signal block of the adjacent cell base station through a wireless resource control signaling.
And step 6, a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) transmitted from the positioning base station is composed of a pseudo-random sequence modulated by QPSK, has a specific time-frequency resource block distribution mode, and is restricted to be mapped onto source particles distributed to a synchronous signal block and not to be overlapped with a cell reference signal of any antenna port when a time slot symbol and a subcarrier are mapped. The reference signal sequence of the positioning reference signal is defined as shown in formula 1:
wherein n issIs the slot number in a radio frame, l is the number of the ofdm symbol in a slot, and c (i) is the pseudo-random sequence.
Occupation of positioning reference signals in frequency domain
Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) in a comb structure, each physical resource block having a single orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol
A positioning reference signal. L occupied by positioning reference signal in 1 time slotPRSThe positioning reference signal adopts an interlaced structure, and compared with a non-interlaced structure, the interlaced structure has a better cross-correlation peak value. The key parameters of the positioning reference signal in 1 time slot comprise the positioning reference signal bandwidth
Size of comb teeth
Number of symbols LPRSEtc. in addition to the above 3 key parameters, the positioning reference signal also relates to the period
And a repetition factor
2 key parameters. The configuration rule for the positioning reference signal is as follows:
(1)
is the number of physical resource blocks used for transmission of the positioning reference signal,
a minimum of 24 physical resource blocks, a maximum of 272 physical resource blocks, a granularity of 4 physical resource blocks,
is related to the positioning accuracy, and in case of the same other parameters,
the larger the sampling period, the narrower the correlation waveform, and the smaller the peak error, so that the positioning accuracy is higher, but the overhead is large.
The positioning reference signal is configured to be independent of a partial Bandwidth (BWP) of the positioning terminal, so that the positioning reference signal may be located outside the partial bandwidth of the positioning terminal, and if the positioning terminal does not measure the positioning reference signal outside the partial bandwidth, the positioning performance may be degraded, and in order to avoid this, the positioning reference signal is configured to be on a common partial bandwidth, which may satisfy the requirement of simultaneous positioning of a large number of positioning terminals; when power boosting is adopted, the positioning reference signal needs to avoid 1-2 physical resource blocks at the edge of a channel, so that the undesirable radiation is reduced, and the interference to other data channels or systems is reduced.
(2)
The comb size of the physical resource block is 2, 4, 6 and 12.
The configuration of (1) firstly needs to consider the positioning range of the positioning reference signal, the positioning terminal estimates the arrival time by searching the peak value on the time domain through the time domain autocorrelation, in order to reduce the complexity and the time delay, the search window of the positioning terminal needs to be limited,
the larger the search window, the narrower the search window, the time-length dependence of the unambiguous autocorrelation window of the positioning reference signal
And orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol duration TsmbolAnd then, the positioning range can be converted into a positioning reference signal, as shown in formula 2:
for different subcarrier spacing (SCS) and
the positioning ranges of the positioning reference signals are shown in table 1. Aiming at the characteristics of low Doppler frequency shift, low propagation delay and low delay spread of indoor scenes,
it can be configured larger, such as 12.
(3)
Is the period of positioning reference signal resources, and has 17 values in total, the minimum value is 4ms,
the configuration of (2) is related to the first positioning time, the power consumption of the positioning terminal, the positioning service delay and the like. First of all, when a user wants to use the apparatus,
should be less than the time to first fix. Second, longer
The method can avoid the situation that the battery capacity is exhausted due to frequent positioning operation of the positioning terminal, so that the method is suitable for a low-power-consumption scene; shorter
The method can perform frequent positioning operation on the positioning terminal, so that the method is suitable for a low-delay scene and has the defect of high overhead.
(4)
The number of repetition times of the positioning reference signal resource is 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16 and 32, and the energy of the positioning reference signal can be aggregated by setting a larger repetition factor, so that the coverage range and the positioning accuracy of the positioning reference signal are increased, and the defect of higher overhead is caused.
And 7, in the process of carrying out DL-TDOA measurement by the positioning terminal, carrying out signal measurement and estimation according to the selected positioning technology by receiving the joint signaling sent out by the main cell base station and the adjacent cell base station, obtaining the arrival time difference of the reference signals of the main cell base station and the adjacent cell base station, and further completing position calculation.
The user terminal calculates the time difference of arrival of the reference signal, and the calculation is mainly divided into a time domain correlation method and a frequency domain correlation method. The time domain correlation method comprises the following measurement processes:
(1) setting a certain search window;
(2) carrying out time domain correlation on the received signal and a positioning reference signal of a main cell base station at intervals according to a certain starting point in a window, and carrying out non-coherent accumulation on a time domain correlation function obtained by continuously positioning subframes;
(3) performing constant false alarm detection on the time domain correlation function, estimating a plurality of adjacent cell base stations through time delay corresponding to a threshold, namely time delay of a main cell base station to a positioning terminal, wherein the process is a hypothesis test process;
(4) and calculating the time delay difference between the time delay from the main cell base station to the positioning terminal and the time delay from the adjacent cell base station to the positioning terminal, namely RSTD.
For the frequency domain correlation method, the steps (2) and (3) of the time domain correlation method are mainly used for changing the time domain signals into the frequency domain for correlation processing, and the basic measurement process is as follows:
(1) setting a certain search window;
(2) carrying out fast Fourier transform on a received signal at intervals according to a certain starting point in a window, carrying out correlation on the signal after changing to a frequency domain and a conjugate of a frequency domain positioning reference signal to obtain a frequency domain correlation function, and carrying out non-coherent accumulation on the frequency domain correlation function obtained by continuously positioning subframes;
(3) the delay of the pilot frequency arrival time can cause the rotation of the phase of the subcarrier, and the phase rotation angle is related to the frequency of the subcarrier, and the arrival time can be obtained according to the rotation magnitude of the relative phase;
(4) and calculating the time delay difference between the time delay from the main cell base station to the positioning terminal and the time delay from the adjacent cell base station to the positioning terminal, namely RSTD.
In DL-TDOA position solution, the variance depends on the signal-to-noise ratio, the subcarrier spacing and the positioning reference signal bandwidth
And number of positioning reference signal symbols LPRSAnd a repetition factor
The larger the values of these several parameters, the smaller the variance of DL-TDOA, and the corresponding distance estimatesThe higher the accuracy.
The 5G NR indoor positioning scheme based on the slave positioning base stations realizes time synchronization among the plurality of base stations, and the time synchronization precision is better than 2ns, so that the positioning precision of DL-TDOA of the positioning terminal reaches 1.5 m.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A5G NR indoor positioning method based on a slave positioning base station is characterized in that: the positioning method is realized based on an indoor positioning system, the indoor positioning system comprises a main base station and a plurality of slave positioning base stations, the main base station is a 5G small base station and comprises a centralized unit, a distributed unit and a radio remote unit; the slave positioning base station comprises a distributed unit and a radio remote unit; the distributed unit of the slave positioning base station is connected to the centralized distributed unit of the master base station through a 3GPP F1 interface;
the positioning method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, a synchronous signal block signal and a positioning reference signal are broadcast from a positioning base station through a radio remote unit in a specific time slot;
the synchronous signal block signal comprises a main synchronous signal, an auxiliary synchronous signal and a physical broadcast channel;
step 2, the positioning terminal searches signals from the positioning base station to realize synchronization and decoding of a synchronization signal block and a system information block # 1;
step 3, the positioning terminal demodulates a physical broadcast channel periodically transmitted from the positioning base station, and the physical broadcast channel is used for transmitting relevant important parameters including system bandwidth and system frame number;
step 4, the positioning terminal and the distributed module of the slave positioning base station are in wireless resource control connection, the slave positioning base station connected with the positioning terminal is called a main cell base station, and other slave positioning base stations are called adjacent cell base stations; after receiving a connection request of a positioning terminal, a main cell base station performs signaling resource allocation and transmits configuration parameters to a main cell base station CU through wireless resource control, the main cell base station CU performs signaling resource allocation on an adjacent cell base station through wireless resource control, and after the signaling resource allocation is completed, the main cell base station feeds back the signaling resource allocation to the main cell base station, and then the main cell base station informs the positioning terminal of the parameters and performs parameter analysis and allocation on the positioning terminal;
step 5, the positioning terminal initiates a positioning request, and the main cell base station informs the positioning terminal of the joint signaling resource allocation and the global synchronization channel number value of the synchronization signal block of the adjacent cell base station through a wireless resource control signaling;
step 6, the positioning reference signal sent down from the positioning base station is composed of a pseudo-random sequence modulated by QPSK, has a specific time-frequency resource block distribution mode, and is restricted in a certain way when mapping time slot symbols and subcarriers, namely cannot be mapped to source particles distributed to synchronous signal blocks and does not overlap with the cell reference signal of any antenna port;
and 7, the positioning terminal carries out DL-TDOA measurement, carries out signal measurement and estimation according to the selected positioning technology by receiving joint signaling sent by the main cell base station and the adjacent cell base station, obtains the arrival time difference of the reference signals of the main cell base station and the adjacent cell base station, and further completes position calculation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 2, the main steps of synchronizing the positioning terminal are as follows:
(1) and (3) PSS detection: performing sliding correlation at a receiving end by utilizing the autocorrelation characteristic of a main synchronization signal to obtain a correlation peak value so as to determine the position of the whole synchronization signal block and parameters carried by the main synchronization signal;
(2) frequency offset estimation: carrying out frequency offset estimation by using the PSS;
(3) channel estimation: performing channel estimation through the auxiliary synchronization signal;
(4) auxiliary synchronization signal detection: frequency domain correlation detection is employed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process of demodulating the physical broadcast channel in step 3 is as follows:
(1) positioning the position of a physical broadcast channel according to the time domain position of a main synchronization signal, separating three symbols where the physical broadcast channel is positioned, and then performing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to obtain frequency domain data;
(2) judging the position of the demodulation reference signal according to the physical position identification, and performing channel estimation and compensation by using the demodulation reference signal and adopting an interpolation algorithm;
(3) and performing constellation de-mapping, channel de-coding and cyclic redundancy check.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reference signal sequence of the positioning reference signal is defined as follows:
wherein n issIs the number of a slot in a radio frame, l is the number of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol in a slot, and c (i) is a pseudo-random sequence.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the key parameter of the positioning reference signal in 1 time slot comprises the positioning reference signal bandwidth
Size of comb teeth
Number of symbols LPRSPeriod of time
And a repetition factor
The configuration rule for the positioning reference signal is as follows:
(1)
is the number of physical resource blocks used for transmission of the positioning reference signal,
the minimum value is 24 physical resource blocks, the maximum value is 272 physical resource blocks, and the granularity is 4 physical resource blocks; allocating positioning reference signals on a common part of a frequency bandwidth; when power boosting is adopted, 1-2 physical resource blocks of a channel edge need to be avoided for positioning a reference signal;
(2)
the comb tooth size of the physical resource block is 2, 4, 6 and 12;
the configuration of (2) first needs to consider the positioning range of the positioning reference signal, which is as follows:
(3)
is the period of positioning reference signal resources, and has 17 values in total, the minimum value is 4ms,
the time of the first positioning,The power consumption of the positioning terminal is related to the positioning service time delay; first of all, the first step is to,
less than the first fix time; second, longer
For low power consumption scenarios; shorter
For low latency scenarios;
(4)
is the number of repetitions of the positioning reference signal resource, and takes values of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, and 32.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 7, the user terminal calculates the time difference of arrival of the reference signal by using a time domain correlation method, which specifically includes:
(1) setting a certain search window;
(2) carrying out time domain correlation on the received signal and a positioning reference signal of a main cell base station at intervals according to a certain starting point in a window, and carrying out non-coherent accumulation on a time domain correlation function obtained by continuously positioning subframes;
(3) performing constant false alarm detection on the time domain correlation function, estimating a plurality of adjacent cell base stations through time delay corresponding to a threshold, namely time delay of a main cell base station to a positioning terminal, wherein the process is a hypothesis test process;
(4) and calculating the time delay difference between the time delay from the main cell base station to the positioning terminal and the time delay from the adjacent cell base station to the positioning terminal, namely RSTD.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 7, the user terminal calculates the time difference of arrival of the reference signal by using a frequency domain correlation method, which specifically includes:
(1) setting a certain search window;
(2) carrying out fast Fourier transform on a received signal at intervals according to a certain starting point in a window, carrying out correlation on the signal after changing to a frequency domain and a conjugate of a frequency domain positioning reference signal to obtain a frequency domain correlation function, and carrying out non-coherent accumulation on the frequency domain correlation function obtained by continuously positioning subframes;
(3) the delay of the pilot frequency arrival time can cause the rotation of the phase of the subcarrier, and the phase rotation angle is related to the frequency of the subcarrier, and the arrival time can be obtained according to the rotation magnitude of the relative phase;
(4) and calculating the time delay difference between the time delay from the main cell base station to the positioning terminal and the time delay from the adjacent cell base station to the positioning terminal, namely RSTD.
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