CN112332687A - Current source inverter for inhibiting common mode voltage and eliminating influence of current superposition area and control strategy - Google Patents
Current source inverter for inhibiting common mode voltage and eliminating influence of current superposition area and control strategy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112332687A CN112332687A CN202011171913.1A CN202011171913A CN112332687A CN 112332687 A CN112332687 A CN 112332687A CN 202011171913 A CN202011171913 A CN 202011171913A CN 112332687 A CN112332687 A CN 112332687A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
- H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
- H02P27/12—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation pulsing by guiding the flux vector, current vector or voltage vector on a circle or a closed curve, e.g. for direct torque control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
- H02M1/123—Suppression of common mode voltage or current
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Abstract
The invention discloses a current source inverter for inhibiting common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of a current superposition area and a control strategy, belongs to the field of motor drive, and aims to solve the problems that the common mode voltage is high when a zero vector is directly introduced into the current source inverter through a switching tube, and the current superposition area needs to be introduced in order to prevent the inverter from being opened in the vector switching process. The invention comprises a direct current power supply, an inductor and an n-phase half-bridge topology, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; the direct current power supply and the inductor generate constant direct current, and PWM current is generated through an n-phase half-bridge topological structure; the zero vector bridge arm is connected in parallel to two ends of the n-phase half-bridge topology; zero vector bridge arm is composed of power switch tube S0And diodeD0Are connected in series. The control strategy is as follows: and when the current vector is switched, a zero vector is introduced in a mode of conducting a zero vector bridge arm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a topological structure of a current source inverter, and belongs to the field of motor driving.
Background
In recent years, with the development of wide bandgap semiconductor technology, devices such as SCI and GaN are more suitable for being applied to a current source inverter, and the application of the current source inverter to the field of motor driving has received much attention. Compared with a voltage source inverter, a direct current bus end of the current source inverter adopts a series large inductor, the inductor has long service life, is high temperature resistant and low in cost, and the problems of short service life, large volume and high cost caused by the fact that an electrolytic capacitor or a film capacitor is adopted at the bus end are solved; on the other hand, the characteristic that the inductor inhibits the sudden change of the short-circuit current is utilized, the switch tube of the current source inverter can be directly connected, short-circuit protection is not needed, and the reliability is improved. On the output side, the voltage source type is directly connected with the motor, and the current source inverter needs to be connected with a capacitor in parallel in order to provide phase conversion capability for the motor current. The motor current is smoother by the filtering action of the capacitor.
With the development of wide bandgap semiconductor technology, the switching frequency of a power switching device is continuously increased, and although the mass and volume of a motor control system are reduced, a mode of introducing a zero vector through a switching tube during current vector switching causes a significant common mode interference problem and must be suppressed. On the other hand, when the switching state of the voltage source inverter is switched in the modulation process, the switching tube needs to be conducted in a delayed manner to prevent the upper and lower bridge arms from being directly connected, and the time for conducting in a delayed manner becomes dead time. Compared with a voltage source inverter, in order to ensure that a bridge arm is disconnected in the modulation process of the current source inverter, the switching tube needs to be turned on in advance or turned off in a delayed manner, and the time of turning on in advance or turning off in a delayed manner becomes the current superposition time, namely the current superposition area is introduced. The introduction of the laminar flow area not only reduces the utilization rate of bus current and increases the harmonic wave of the output side of the current source inverter, but also needs to compensate the error caused by the laminar flow area, and the control is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the common-mode voltage of the zero vector introduced by the conventional current source inverter through a switching tube is high, and a current overlapping region needs to be introduced in order to prevent the inverter from being opened in the vector switching process, and provides a current source inverter for inhibiting the common-mode voltage and eliminating the influence of the current overlapping region and a control strategy.
The current source inverter for inhibiting common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of a current superposition area comprises a direct current power supply, an inductor and an n-phase half-bridge topology, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; the direct current power supply and the inductor generate constant direct current, and PWM current is generated through an n-phase half-bridge topological structure;
the zero vector bridge arm is connected in parallel to two ends of the n-phase half-bridge topology; zero vector bridge arm is composed of power switch tube S0And a diode D0Are connected in series.
Preferably, n capacitors for phase conversion are connected to the inverter output, and the n capacitors are star-connected.
The invention further provides a control strategy of the current source inverter for inhibiting the common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of the superposed current area, wherein the control strategy comprises the following steps:
and when the current vector is switched, a zero vector is introduced in a mode of conducting a zero vector bridge arm.
Preferably, the zero vector bridge arm on-time leads the current vector switching time, and the zero vector bridge arm off-time lags the current vector switching time.
Preferably, the current source inverter is in one period T of the first sectorsInner, current vector I12、I1、I2、I11Corresponding switch tube S2S8、S1S8、S1S9、S5S9The switching tube is continuously conducted in succession, and the switching time of the switching tube is as follows:
in the formula: t is12、T1、T2、T11Are respectively provided withAs a current vector I12、I1、I2、I11Corresponding on-time;
T0conducting the current zero vector for the total time in one period;
Tn1~Tn8is S0Switching time of a switching tube;
Ta、Tb、Tcrespectively the switching moment of the current vector.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the common mode voltage is suppressed and the influence of the current overlap region is eliminated.
With S2S8Switch to S1S8For example analysis, at the instant of current vector switching, S0The switch tube is continuously conducted, and the current source inverter cannot be broken, so that the problem of current superposition area compensation does not need to be considered, and the control process is simplified. And S1S8Switch tube on, S2S8The shutdown does not affect the current change of the current source inverter.
In addition, when a zero vector is introduced into a conventional current source inverter through a bridge arm, in order to minimize the switching frequency, a sector where a current vector is located needs to be judged first, and then a proper zero vector needs to be selected. The invention is realized by turning on the power switch S0And a current zero vector is introduced, so that the control strategy is simplified.
The present embodiment introduces a power switch tube S0And a diode D0Formed bridge arm, control power switch tube S0The conduction introduces a new current vector, so that the common-mode voltage in the modulation process can be inhibited, and the influence of the current vector needing to be introduced into the superposed current region at the switching moment is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a current source inverter for suppressing common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of current foldback according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a current source inverter according to the present invention, in a five-phase topology;
FIG. 3 is a graph of common mode voltage analysis for a five-phase topology current source inverter;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2, wherein FIG. 4(a) is a common mode voltage loop model and FIG. 4(b) is an equivalent common mode voltage loop model;
FIG. 5 Current vector IAAnd ICFig. 5(a) shows that the phase a winding of the motor is energized with positive current and the phase C winding is energized with negative current, fig. 5(b) shows fundamental wave synthesis, and fig. 5(C) shows third harmonic synthesis;
FIG. 6 Current vector IAAnd IEFig. 6(a) shows that the phase a winding of the motor is energized with positive current and the phase E winding is energized with negative current, fig. 6(b) shows fundamental wave synthesis, and fig. 6(c) shows third harmonic synthesis;
fig. 7 is an all space current vector diagram, fig. 7(a) is an all fundamental space current vector diagram, and fig. 7(b) is an all third harmonic space current vector diagram;
FIG. 8 is a vector-based scheme for combining adjacent vector fundamental and third harmonic, FIG. 8(a) is a schematic diagram for combining reference vector fundamental, and FIG. 8(b) is a schematic diagram for combining reference vector third harmonic;
fig. 9 is a timing diagram of switching of the introduced cascode section, fig. 9(a) early turns on the introduced cascode section, and fig. 9(b) delayed turns off the introduced cascode section.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a modulation strategy, FIG. 10(a) is a diagram of a conventional five-phase current source switch, and FIG. 10(b) is a diagram of a lead-in S of the present invention0Current source inverter switching diagram, fig. 10(c) introduces a zero vector S for the present invention0A current source inverter equivalent switching diagram;
FIG. 11 is a timing diagram of the switching tube of the first sector according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, a current source inverter for suppressing common mode voltage and eliminating influence of a current overlap region according to the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 11, where the current source inverter having an n-phase half-bridge topology includes a current source, an inductor, and an n-phase half-bridge topology, where n is greater than or equal to 3; the current source and the inductor generate constant direct current and generate PWM current through an n-phase half-bridge topological structure;
also includes the zero vectorThe zero vector bridge arm is connected in parallel to two ends of the n-phase half-bridge topology; zero vector bridge arm is composed of power switch tube S0And a diode D0The zero vector is introduced in a mode of conducting through a zero vector bridge arm when the current vector is switched.
The conducting time of the zero vector bridge arm is ahead of the current vector switching time, and the closing time of the zero vector bridge arm lags behind the current vector switching time.
The introduction method of the current source inverter zero vector in the present embodiment is: and when the current vector is switched, the zero vector bridge arm is conducted to realize the switching.
The zero vector introduction method of the present embodiment is applicable to a topology structure with n ≧ 3, and a five-phase topology structure will be described as an example. Referring to fig. 2, the five-phase current source inverter includes a dc voltage source UdcAnd an inductance L, the DC voltage source UdcThe inductor L phase is connected in series to form an input end for supplying power to the five-phase current source inverter;
the zero vector bridge arm is composed of a power switch tube S0And a diode D0Are connected in series.
The five-phase half-bridge topology structure is formed by 10 power switching tubes and 10 diodes;
the power switch tubes are respectively S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、S9、S10(ii) a The diodes are respectively D1、D2、D3、D4、D5、D6、D7、D8、D9、D10;
Upper bridge arm power switch tube S of first bridge arm1And a diode D1Series-connected lower bridge arm power switch tube S6And a diode D6Are connected in series;
upper bridge arm power switch tube S of second bridge arm2And a diode D2Series-connected lower bridge arm power switch tube S7And a diode D7Are connected in series;
upper bridge arm power switch of third bridge armPipe S3And a diode D3Series-connected lower bridge arm power switch tube S8And a diode D8Are connected in series;
upper bridge arm power switch tube S of fourth bridge arm4And a diode D4Series-connected lower bridge arm power switch tube S9And a diode D9Are connected in series;
upper bridge arm power switch tube S of fifth bridge arm5And a diode D5Series-connected lower bridge arm power switch tube S10And a diode D10Are connected in series;
the five-phase current source inverter further comprises five filter capacitors C, the filter capacitors C and the output end of the five-phase half-bridge topological structure are respectively connected with one filter capacitor C, the five filter capacitors C are in star connection, and the five filter capacitors in star connection are used for phase change.
According to the modulation strategy of the current source inverter, only two switching tubes can be conducted at the same time, one is at the upper bridge arm and the other is at the lower bridge arm, and the five-phase current source inverter shown in fig. 2 has 26 switching states, wherein S is1~S10On, 25 states in total, S0One state is turned on. Referring specifically to Table 1, S is not introduced in the conventional topology0Under the condition of (1), the zero vector introduced during current vector switching is realized by the direct connection of a switching tube, and the corresponding synthesized zero vector is as follows: i is21、I22、I23、I24、I25Corresponding common mode voltage is Va、Vb、Vc、Vd、VeThe common mode voltage is highest due to the fact that the switching tube is directly connected. Fig. 3 introduces a single zero vector bridge arm to solve the problem of high common mode voltage, and the following detailed analysis shows that the modulation strategy for reducing the common mode voltage is implemented by introducing a zero vector through the single zero vector bridge arm in the present embodiment.
TABLE 1
In Table 1, Va、Vb、Vc、Vd、VePhase A, phase B, phase C, phase D and phase E voltages.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of common mode voltage analysis, capacitor CPVFIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the parasitic capacitance, and the common mode voltage V can be obtainedCMComprises the following steps:
VPOis the voltage, V, from the positive pole P of the current source inverter to the neutral point ONOIs the voltage from the negative pole N of the current source inverter to the neutral point O.
The switching states of the five-phase current source inverter in the embodiment are classified into three categories, that is, the common-mode voltage is classified into three categories, and the specific expression thereof is as follows:
1. switch tube S0On state, according to the equivalent circuit of FIG. 4, VPO=0,VNOWhen 0, the common mode voltage expression is:
2. switch tube S1~S10Switching state in which upper and lower bridge arms are not directly connected, with power switching tube S1And S10For the analysis of the example when conducting, the common mode voltage is expressed as follows according to fig. 3:
3、S1~S10switching tube in through state, with power switching tube S1And S5When conducting, for example, VPO=VNO=VaThe available common mode voltage expression is:
in the embodiment, a star connection method of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is taken as an example, the difference between the currents of the windings of the phases is 72 degrees, and the axial coincidence of the current vector and the A-phase current is recorded as 0 degree. The output end of the five-phase current source inverter simultaneously outputs two-phase current to the five-phase motor, two-phase current vectors of the motor can be divided into adjacent vectors and non-adjacent two-phase vectors, and the composition of the two-phase current vectors of different types is greatly different in amplitude and phase. The five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor can eliminate fifth current harmonic, but does not inhibit third current harmonic, so the embodiment mainly analyzes fundamental waves and third harmonic.
Five-phase current source inverter switching tube S of the present embodiment1And S8When the motor is conducted, the A-phase winding of the motor flows forward current IAThe C phase winding is flowed with a negative current ICFIG. 5 shows the current vector IAAnd ICFor the composite schematic of non-adjacent vectors, when the current vector is selected as the fundamental wave, the vectorBy vector of fundamental waveAnd vectorBy synthesis, when the current vector takes into account the third harmonic, the vectorIs partly defined by the vector of the third harmonicAnd vectorAnd (4) synthesizing.
IdcIs the direct current bus inductive current; switch tube S1And S10When the motor is conducted, the A-phase winding of the motor flows forward current IAThe E phase winding is flowed with a negative current IEFIG. 6 analyzes the current vector IAAnd IEFor combined representation of adjacent vectors, vectors of fundamental wavesAnd vectorSynthesized as a fundamental wave vectorVector of third harmonicAnd vectorSynthesized as third harmonic vectorFIG. 7 shows all space current vectors divided into eight sectors, the resultant vector is I1~I25In which I21、I22、I23、I24、I25For the zero vector of the bridge arm dc synthesis, table 2 shows the synthesis of all current vectors:
TABLE 2
The vector I corresponding to the vector numbers 1 to 25 in Table 21~I25Vector number 0 corresponds to zero vector I0。
By combining Clark transformation, an expression of the motor space current vector in a two-phase static coordinate system can be deduced:
Irefmotor current synthetic reference vector, ia、ib、ic、id、ieIs the motor A, B, C, D, E phase winding current.
In the present embodiment, zero vector I of bridge arm dc synthesis is not introduced21、I22、I23、I24、I25And the zero vector I when the single zero vector bridge arm with simple control mode is conducted is adopted0。
In the present embodiment, a sawtooth pulse is used as a carrier, a first sector is taken as an example, fig. 8 is a scheme of a synthesized vector of an adjacent vector fundamental wave and a third harmonic, and two synthesized sequences of current vectors of a conventional five-phase current source inverter are as follows according to a principle that the minimum distribution of the actions of switching devices is:
in a conventional control strategy, in order to prevent the switching tube from being turned off at the moment of switching a current vector, the switching tube needs to be turned on in advance or turned off in a delayed manner, and the time of turning on in advance or turning off in a delayed manner becomes a current superposition time, and fig. 9 is a switching timing diagram introducing a current superposition area. In the timing diagram of the switch, I is introduced22And I25The direct zero vector of the two switching tubes is shown in Table 1, and the common mode voltage at the moment is Vb、Ve. The common mode voltage is large at this time. The modulation strategy of the embodiment can be realized by introducing S0The switching tube conducted zero vector replaces the traditional direct current zero vector, and S at the moment is shown in the table 10The common mode voltage corresponding to the conduction of the switching tube is 0, and the common mode voltage in the modulation process is effectively restrained.
In the present embodiment, when switching vectors, let S0Conduction induced zero vector I0The output current of the five-phase current source inverter is not subjected to S1-S10The handover effect. When the switching state changes from zero vector to current vector, S1-S10The switching state of (a) need not be changed. The state is analyzed by taking the first sector as an example, and fig. 10 shows a modulation strategySchematic diagram of a current source inverter in one period TsInner, current vector I12、I1、I2、I11Corresponding switch tube S2S8、S1S8、S1S9、S5S9The switching tube is continuously conducted in succession, and the switching time of the switching tube is as follows:
T12、T1、T2、T11are respectively a current vector I12、I1、I2、I11Corresponding on-time. T is0For the total time of conduction of the current zero vector in one cycle, Tn1~Tn8Is S0Switching time (including on and off states) of switch tube, Ta、Tb、Tc、Td、TeRespectively the current vector switching instant. FIG. 11 is a timing diagram of the switching of the first sector switch tube.
In the current source inverter according to the present embodiment, the on time of each current vector switching tube is increased by T0/4, with I12Analysis is carried out with the current vector as an example, starting at time S2S8Conducting, the first sector switch tube in FIG. 11 switches the timing diagram, at this time S0Conduction T0/8,S0When the switch is conducted, the output current of the five-phase current source inverter is not influenced, and the front T is0At time/8, switch tube S2S8Is not active, is at12-T0/8) time S0Conducting for a duration of T0Duration of/4 at S0During the continuous conduction period, the switch tube S2S8Non-functioning, current vector I12Effective total on-time of T12The duration is unchanged. The rest of the current vectors are the same.
With S2S8Switch to S1S8For example analysis, at the instant of current vector switching, S0The switch tube is continuously conducted, and the current source inverter can not generateThe circuit is generated, so that the problem of the compensation of the superposed flow area does not need to be considered, and the control process is simplified. And S1S8Switch tube on, S2S8The shutdown does not affect the current change of the current source inverter.
In addition, when a zero vector is introduced into a conventional current source inverter through a bridge arm, in order to minimize the switching frequency, a sector where a current vector is located needs to be judged first, and then a proper zero vector needs to be selected. By turning on the power switch S0And a current zero vector is introduced, so that the control strategy is simplified.
The present embodiment introduces a power switch tube S0And a diode D0Formed bridge arm, control power switch tube S0The conduction introduces a new current vector, so that the common-mode voltage in the modulation process can be inhibited, and the influence of the current vector needing to be introduced into the superposed current region at the switching moment is eliminated.
Claims (5)
1. A current source inverter for inhibiting common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of a current superposition area comprises a direct current power supply, an inductor and an n-phase half-bridge topology, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; the direct current power supply and the inductor generate constant direct current, and PWM current is generated through an n-phase half-bridge topological structure;
the device is characterized by further comprising a zero vector bridge arm, wherein the zero vector bridge arm is connected in parallel to two ends of the n-phase half-bridge topology; zero vector bridge arm is composed of power switch tube S0And a diode D0Are connected in series.
2. The current source inverter of claim 1, wherein n capacitors for phase commutation are connected to the output of the inverter, and the n capacitors are star-connected.
3. A control strategy of a current source inverter for suppressing a common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of a current overlap region is characterized in that the control strategy is as follows:
when the current vector is switched, a zero vector is introduced in a mode of conducting a zero vector bridge arm,
the present claim control strategy is implemented based on claim 1 or 2.
4. The control strategy of the current source inverter for suppressing the common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of the current foldback according to claim 3, wherein the zero vector bridge arm on time is ahead of the current vector switching time, and the zero vector bridge arm off time is behind the current vector switching time.
5. The control strategy of the current source inverter for suppressing the common mode voltage and eliminating the influence of the current foldback area according to claim 3, wherein the current source inverter is in one period T of the first sectorsInner, current vector I12、I1、I2、I11Corresponding switch tube S2S8、S1S8、S1S9、S5S9The switching tube is continuously conducted in succession, and the switching time of the switching tube is as follows:
in the formula: t is12、T1、T2、T11Are respectively a current vector I12、I1、I2、I11Corresponding on-time;
T0conducting the current zero vector for the total time in one period;
Tn1~Tn8is S0Switching time of a switching tube;
Ta、Tb、Tcrespectively the switching moment of the current vector.
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