CN112327055A - Insulation impedance detection circuit and method for photovoltaic inverter - Google Patents
Insulation impedance detection circuit and method for photovoltaic inverter Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/025—Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses an insulation impedance detection circuit and method for a photovoltaic inverter. The insulation impedance detection circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor, wherein the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series with each other, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected in series with each other, one end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the anode of the input end, one end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the anode of the output end, one end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the cathode of the input end, and one end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with one end of the second resistor; the insulation resistance detection circuit further comprises a switch connected in parallel with two ends of the first resistor and a sampling device used for detecting voltage at two ends of the third resistor. The invention only generates the disturbing signal through one switch, so that the number of devices is less and the control port is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of insulation impedance detection of photovoltaic inverters, and relates to an insulation impedance detection circuit and method for a photovoltaic inverter.
Background
In the photovoltaic system, the output PV + and PV-of the solar cell panel have earth impedance to the earth PE, and the inverter and other confluence energy equipment also have earth impedance to the earth PE, wherein the insulation impedance is the total equivalent resistance of the input end of the inverter PV to the earth. Before the inverter generates power, the insulation resistance of the PV end to the ground is detected, and when the insulation resistance is lower than a specific value, the inverter cannot be used, so that the damage to the whole photovoltaic system caused by the fact that the insulation resistance to the ground is too low is avoided.
Chinese patent CN106324359B discloses an insulation impedance detection method and device for a photovoltaic inverter, wherein the detection modules are in different detection states by controlling the conduction and the cutoff of three switches, the voltages of the positive terminal of the photovoltaic array and the negative terminal of the photovoltaic array to the ground are collected when the detection modules connected with the photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic inverter are in different detection states, and the insulation impedance is calculated and obtained according to the voltage value correspondingly collected by each detection module. The detection method and the detection device use more switching elements, and the number of control ports of the switches is correspondingly more.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an insulation resistance detection circuit and method for a photovoltaic inverter, which has fewer devices and saves control ports.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an insulation resistance detection circuit for a photovoltaic inverter is provided with an input end anode and an input end cathode which are used for being connected with a BOOST circuit, and an output end anode and an output end cathode which are used for being connected with a power grid, wherein the insulation resistance detection circuit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor which are mutually connected in series, and a third resistor and a fourth resistor which are mutually connected in series, one end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the input end anode, one end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the output end anode, one end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the input end cathode, and one end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with one end of the second resistor; the insulation resistance detection circuit further comprises a switch connected in parallel with two ends of the first resistor and a sampling device used for detecting voltage at two ends of the third resistor.
In one embodiment, the switch is a normally open relay.
In one embodiment, the sampling device includes a voltage detection terminal electrically connected to a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor.
In one embodiment, the insulation resistance to ground R of the photovoltaic inverter is calculated according to the following formula (A)x：
Wherein R isa1And Ra2R when the switch is opened and closed respectivelyaValue RaThe equivalent resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance; rbThe equivalent resistance value of the third resistor and the fourth resistor; u shapeiso1And Uiso2The voltage values of two ends of the third resistor when the switch is switched on and switched off are respectively; r3Is the resistance value of the third resistor.
In an embodiment, the insulation resistance detection circuit further includes a micro control chip, and the micro control chip is electrically connected to the switch and the sampling device, respectively, and calculates the insulation resistance to ground of the photovoltaic inverter according to formula (a).
The invention also adopts the following technical scheme:
an insulation resistance detection method for a photovoltaic inverter, which employs the insulation resistance detection circuit as described above, includes the steps of:
a. the switch is turned off, and the voltage value U at the two ends of the third resistor is detectediso1；
b. Closing the switch to short-circuit the first resistor, and detecting the voltage value U at both ends of the third resistoriso2；
c. By said voltage value Uiso1And Uiso2And calculating the insulation resistance to the ground of the photovoltaic inverter.
In one embodiment, in the step c,
calculating the insulation to ground of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula (A)Resistance Rx：
Wherein R isa1And Ra2R when the switch is opened and closed respectivelyaValue RaThe equivalent resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance; rbThe equivalent resistance value of the third resistor and the fourth resistor; r3Is the resistance value of the third resistor.
In one embodiment, the voltage value U is passed in the step ciso1And Uiso2The ground insulation resistance R is calculated by constructing the following equationx：
Wherein, U and UxRespectively the resulting BUS + voltage of the BOOST circuit and the equivalent voltage to ground.
In one embodiment, the switch is a normally open relay.
In one embodiment, the voltage value U is detected through a voltage detection terminal electrically connected to a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistoriso1And Uiso2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages by adopting the scheme:
according to the insulation impedance detection circuit and the insulation impedance detection method for the photovoltaic inverter, only one switch is arranged to generate a disturbance signal, so that the system cost is reduced, the system space is saved, only one switch control port is needed, the power density of a product can be further improved, and the insulation impedance detection circuit and the insulation impedance detection method for the photovoltaic inverter have the advantages of few devices, low cost, control port saving and software resources saving.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a hardware topology of an insulation resistance detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified circuit model of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is Uiso(Ux) Curve line.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the invention may be more readily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides an insulation resistance detection circuit for a photovoltaic inverter, which is used for detecting the insulation resistance of a photovoltaic inverter system to the ground. Referring to fig. 1, after the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 passes through the DC/DC BOOST circuit 2, a stable BUS voltage is obtained, and the insulation resistance to ground of the photovoltaic inverter is detected by the insulation resistance detection circuit 3. The insulation resistance detection circuit 3 has an input end positive electrode BUS + and an input end negative electrode BUS-which are connected with the BOOST circuit 2, and an output end positive electrode and an output end negative electrode which are used for being connected with a power grid. The insulation resistance detection circuit 3 includes a first resistor 31 and a second resistor 32 connected in series with each other, and a third resistor 33 and a fourth resistor 34 connected in series with each other. First resistance 31 and second resistance 32 are in series connection in proper order between input positive pole BUS + and the output positive pole BUS-, and the BOOST voltage BOOST circuit 2 is connected through input positive pole BUS + to the one end of first resistance 31 promptly, and the electric wire netting is connected through output positive pole to the one end of second resistance 32. The third resistor 33 and the fourth resistor 34 are connected in series between the output terminal negative electrode and the output terminal positive electrode in sequence, that is, the first end of the third resistor 33 is connected between the input terminal negative electrode BUS-and the output terminal negative electrode, and one end of the fourth resistor 34 is connected with the one end of the second resistor 32. In addition, the negative BUS of the input is grounded. The insulation resistance detection circuit further includes a switch 35 connected in parallel to both ends of the first resistor 31, and specifically, the switch 35 is a normally open relay. The insulation resistance detection circuit 3 further comprises a sampling device for detecting a voltage across the third resistor 33, specifically, the sampling device is a voltage detection terminal Uiso 36 electrically connected to a connection point of the third resistor 33 and the fourth resistor 34.
The insulation impedance detection circuit 3 further comprises a micro control chip, and the micro control chip is electrically connected with the switch 35 and the sampling device respectively and calculates the insulation impedance to the ground of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula (a).
The insulation resistance detection circuit 3 is connected to the resistance value of the positive electrode BUS + of the input end through transformation, and has different U structuresIsoAnd the measured value and the circuit equation obtain the equivalent impedance by solving a linear equation of two-dimensional system. Calculating the insulation resistance R to the ground of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula (A)x：
Wherein R isa1And Ra2R when switch 35 is open and closed, respectivelyaValue RaIs the equivalent resistance of the first resistor 31 and the second resistor 32; rbIs the equivalent resistance value of the third resistor 33 and the fourth resistor 34; u shapeiso1And Uiso2The voltage values across the third resistor 33 when the switch 35 is open and closed, respectively; r3Is the resistance value of the third resistor 33.
The principle of the insulation resistance detection circuit is as follows.
In the circuit shown in fig. 1, the switch 35 is used to switch the impedance parameters of the BUS + impedance branch to construct the equation. Firstly, the switch 35 is opened, the voltage of the third resistor 33 is measured, then the switch 35 is closed, the voltage of the third resistor 33 at the moment is measured, and an expression is constructed through the voltage measured twice.
For convenience of calculation, define: r1+R2＝Ra，R3+R4＝Rb；R1And R2Respectively representing a first 31 and a second 32 resistor, R3And R4Respectively representing a third resistor 33 and a fourth resistor 34. The insulation resistance detection circuit in fig. 1 is simplified to the circuit model shown in fig. 2 using defined parameters. At this time, RaThe on and off of the switch 35 becomes variable.
The following equation can be obtained by the calculation of the superposition theorem:
the following can be obtained:
thus:
simplifying the formula to relate to RxFunction of (c):
the function is an inverse proportional function with the origin moving to the second quadrant, the function being based on UxAnd
the relationship of (A) is divided into an upper branch and a lower branch. U shapeiso(Ux) The curve is shown in FIG. 3, and the maximum and minimum values of the function are at RxWhen it is 0, its value is
Due to Ux∈[0，Umax]Therefore, it is
U and UxRespectively the resulting BUS + voltage of the BOOST circuit and the equivalent voltage to ground.
During the measurement, R is caused to pass through the changeover switch 35aThe value changes. When the switch 35 is off, RaA value of Ra1; when switch 35 is closed, RaA value of Ra2。
From the measurements on both sides, the following system of equations can be obtained:
the simplification can be obtained:
the present embodiment also provides an insulation resistance detection method for a photovoltaic inverter, which employs the above insulation resistance detection circuit 3. The insulation resistance detection method comprises the following steps:
a. the switch 35 is turned off, and the voltage value U across the third resistor 33 is detectediso1；
b. The switch 35 is closed to short-circuit the first resistor 31, and the voltage value U across the third resistor 33 is detectediso2；
c. By electricityPressure value Uiso1And Uiso2Calculating the insulation resistance to ground of the photovoltaic inverter, specifically calculating the insulation resistance to ground R of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula (A)x：
Wherein R isa1And Ra2R when the switch is opened and closed respectivelyaValue RaThe equivalent resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance; rbThe equivalent resistance value of the third resistor and the fourth resistor; r3Is the resistance value of the third resistor.
According to the embodiment, a single relay is used for replacing three traditional relays to realize the insulation impedance detection scheme of the photovoltaic inverter, so that the raw material cost of the photovoltaic inverter is reduced, the system space is reduced, and resources are saved. When the insulation impedance of the photovoltaic inverter is detected, only a single relay needs to be closed, and the traditional solution needs to close 3 relays, so that hardware and software resources during the insulation impedance detection are effectively saved by the technical scheme.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are preferred embodiments, which are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an insulation resistance detection circuitry for photovoltaic inverter, has the positive and input negative pole of input that are used for connecting BOOST circuit, and is used for connecting the positive and output negative pole of output of electric wire netting, its characterized in that: the insulation impedance detection circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor, wherein the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series with each other, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected in series with each other, one end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the anode of the input end, one end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the anode of the output end, one end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the cathode of the input end, and one end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with one end of the second resistor; the insulation resistance detection circuit further comprises a switch connected in parallel with two ends of the first resistor and a sampling device used for detecting voltage at two ends of the third resistor.
2. The insulation resistance detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the switch is a normally open relay.
3. The insulation resistance detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the sampling device includes a voltage detection terminal electrically connected to a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor.
4. The insulation resistance detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: calculating the insulation resistance R to ground of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula (A)x：
Wherein R isa1And Ra2R when the switch is opened and closed respectivelyaValue RaThe equivalent resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance; rbThe equivalent resistance value of the third resistor and the fourth resistor; u shapeiso1And Uiso2The voltage values of two ends of the third resistor when the switch is switched on and switched off are respectively; r3Is the resistance value of the third resistor.
5. The insulation resistance detection circuit according to claim 4, wherein: the insulation impedance detection circuit further comprises a micro control chip, wherein the micro control chip is electrically connected with the switch and the sampling device respectively and calculates the insulation impedance to the ground of the photovoltaic inverter according to the formula (A).
6. An insulation resistance detection method for a photovoltaic inverter, characterized by employing the insulation resistance detection circuit according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a. the switch is turned off, and the voltage value U at the two ends of the third resistor is detectediso1；
b. Closing the switch to short-circuit the first resistor, and detecting the voltage value U at both ends of the third resistoriso2；
c. By said voltage value Uiso1And Uiso2And calculating the insulation resistance to the ground of the photovoltaic inverter.
7. The insulation resistance detecting method according to claim 6, wherein in the step c,
calculating the insulation resistance R to ground of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula (A)x：
Wherein R isa1And Ra2R when the switch is opened and closed respectivelyaValue RaThe equivalent resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance; rbThe equivalent resistance value of the third resistor and the fourth resistor; r3Is the resistance value of the third resistor.
8. The insulation resistance detection method according to claim 7, wherein the voltage value U is passed in the step ciso1And Uiso2The ground insulation resistance R is calculated by constructing the following equationx：
Wherein, U and UxRespectively the resulting BUS + voltage of the BOOST circuit and the equivalent voltage to ground.
9. The insulation resistance detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the switch is a normally open relay.
10. The insulation resistance detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: detecting the voltage value U through a voltage detection terminal electrically connected to a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistoriso1And Uiso2。
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113671257A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Impedance measurement method for switching disturbance mode |
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