CN112326788A - Monitoring and early warning method and system for instability of tailing dam - Google Patents
Monitoring and early warning method and system for instability of tailing dam Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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Abstract
The invention provides a monitoring and early warning method and a system for instability of a tailing dam, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting and storing infrasonic wave signals of a tailing dam body in real time; analyzing the infrasonic wave signal to obtain infrasonic wave accumulated ringing count and energy rate change rule; and analyzing the change rule of the accumulated ringing count along with time and the energy rate change rule to obtain a tailing dam instability damage early warning point. The method of the invention forecasts and warns the instability of the tailing dam by the combination of the two indexes of the accumulated ringing count and the energy rate, can effectively avoid the accidental waring, and has high accuracy of the monitoring result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stability analysis of a tailing dam, and particularly relates to a monitoring and early warning method and system for instability of the tailing dam.
Background
The tailing dam is an important component of a mine, is a great potential hazard source and must be monitored for stability. At present, in the field of instability monitoring of tailing dams, scholars propose methods of technologies such as GPRS, GIS, ZigBee and the like in combination with modern computers, communication and the like to realize scientific and automatic monitoring of safety of tailing dams, but the method has large technical investment, cannot monitor internal damage of dam bodies, is not clear in monitoring indexes and parameters, and cannot qualitatively evaluate stability of the dam bodies well; therefore, the instability monitoring of the tailing dam still mainly depends on manual inspection or field measurement with instrument equipment, but the labor intensity of manual measurement is high, the prediction accuracy is low in advance due to the influences of weather, surrounding environment and manual error factors, the instrument needs to be coupled with the tailing dam body, and part of the monitoring instruments cannot be recycled, so that the cost is high.
The tailing dam consists of an initial dam and a stacking dam, and the initial dam can be divided into two types: the permeable dam comprises a permeable dam and a non-permeable dam, wherein the permeable dam is mainly made of rockfill materials and the like; the impermeable dam is made of clay, geotextile, asphalt and the like; the main composition material of the accumulation dam is coarse tailings. In the process of stacking the tailing dam, materials in the tailing dam body can generate a series of acoustic signals due to mutual friction and relative sliding, the dam body is mainly made of bulk materials and contains a large amount of water, the acoustic signals are seriously attenuated, most of the acoustic signals cannot be received and collected, and an acoustic emission monitoring method cannot be applied, so that how to realize effective early warning on instability of the tailing dam becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring and early warning method for instability of a tailing dam, which can monitor internal damage of the tailing dam in real time to perform instability early warning.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a monitoring and early warning method for instability of a tailing dam comprises the following steps:
collecting and storing infrasonic wave signals of a tailing dam body in real time;
analyzing the infrasonic wave signal to obtain an infrasonic wave cumulative ringing count and time change rule curve and an energy rate and time change rule curve;
and analyzing the change rule of the accumulated ringing count along with time and the energy rate change rule to obtain a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
Furthermore, infrasonic wave signals inside the tailing dam body are collected through arranging automatic infrasonic wave signal collecting sensors in the area to be measured of the tailing dam body in a staggered mode.
Further, the accumulated ringing count increases suddenly along with the advancing amount of time, and a curve curvature mutation point of the accumulated ringing count and the time relation curve is changed from a gentle curve to a steep curve curvature mutation point to be a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
Further, a high-energy-rate signal point appearing on the energy rate change rule for the first time is a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
The invention also aims to provide a monitoring and early warning system for the instability of the tailing dam, which can be used for monitoring and early warning the instability of the tailing dam.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a monitoring and early warning system for tailing dam instability comprises: a plurality of infrasonic wave signal automatic acquisition sensors, a network transmission instrument, a storage and control center and a server; wherein,
the automatic infrasonic signal acquisition sensor is used for acquiring infrasonic signals of a tailings dam body to be detected in real time, converting the infrasonic signals into analog signals and sending the analog signals;
the network transmission instrument is connected with the infrasonic wave signal automatic acquisition sensor through a cable and is used for receiving an analog signal, converting the analog signal into a digital signal, transmitting the digital signal through the cable and storing the digital signal in a storage and control center;
the server is used for deriving infrasonic signal data from the storage and control center, analyzing the infrasonic signal data to obtain infrasonic cumulative ringing count and energy rate change rule, and obtaining a tailing dam instability damage early warning point according to the change rule of the cumulative ringing count along with time and the energy rate change rule.
Furthermore, a plurality of infrasonic signal automatic acquisition sensors are arranged in a staggered mode in the area to be measured of the tailing dam body, and the automatic acquisition sensors acquire infrasonic signals in the tailing dam body.
Further, the server comprises a data analysis module and a prediction module, wherein the analysis module is used for analyzing the infrasonic wave signal data to obtain infrasonic wave accumulated ringing count and an energy rate change rule;
and the prediction module is connected with the analysis module and used for predicting the instability damage early warning point of the tailing dam.
Further, the prediction module is used for marking a curve curvature mutation point, which is obtained by the analysis module and has a relationship curve of the accumulated ringing count and the time, from gentle to steep, as a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
Further, the prediction module is used for taking a high-energy-rate signal point which appears on the energy rate change rule obtained by the analysis module for the first time as a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
Further, the storage and control center is also used for setting parameters to control the infrasonic signal automatic acquisition sensor to acquire infrasonic signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a monitoring and early warning method and a system for the instability of a tailing dam, wherein the method can monitor the internal damage of the tailing dam in real time, forecast and early warn the instability of the tailing dam by matching two indexes of accumulated ringing count and energy rate, can effectively avoid the contingency, has high accuracy of monitoring results, can transfer personnel and property for sufficient time of enterprises, and reduces the corresponding loss; in addition, the invention is based on the collection and post-processing technology of infrasound signals, the infrasound has the advantages of less attenuation, no need of contacting with a monitoring target, long transmission distance and equipment recycling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a monitoring and early warning system for tailings dam instability of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a monitoring and early warning method for tailings dam instability.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples are given for the purpose of better illustration of the invention, but the invention is not limited to the examples. Therefore, those skilled in the art should make insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the embodiments of the present invention in light of the above teachings and remain within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the monitoring and early warning system for the instability of the tailing dam of the present invention includes: a plurality of infrasonic wave signal automatic acquisition sensors 1, a network transmission instrument 2, a storage and control center 3 and a server 4; wherein,
the automatic infrasonic signal acquisition sensor 1 is used for acquiring infrasonic signals of a tailings dam body to be detected in real time, converting the infrasonic signals into analog signals and sending the analog signals;
in the embodiment, the area to be detected is reasonably selected in the tailing dam, the arrangement mode of the sensors is optimized, so that infrasonic signals generated in the dam are collected to the maximum extent, for example, in a specific embodiment, the monitoring area of the tailing dam is determined according to parameters such as the scale, the shape, the saturation line and the reservoir water level of a mine tailing reservoir, the sensors are arranged in a staggered mode and numbered, and the infrasonic signals are collected through the sensors;
the network transmission instrument 2 is connected with the infrasonic wave signal automatic acquisition sensor 1 through a cable, and is used for receiving analog signals, converting the analog signals into digital signals, transmitting the digital signals through the cable and storing the digital signals in the storage and control center 3;
in the embodiment, an infrasonic wave signal automatic acquisition sensor 1, a network transmission instrument 2 and a storage and control center 3 are sequentially connected through a cable;
preferably, the storage & control center 3 may further perform parameter setting for controlling the infrasonic signal automatic acquisition sensor to acquire infrasonic signals through the network transmission device 2, and parameters such as acquisition duration, acquisition frequency, and the like.
The server 4 is connected with the storage and control center through a wireless or wired (network cable and the like) and is used for exporting infrasonic signal data from the storage and control center to analyze to obtain infrasonic cumulative ringing count and energy rate change rule and obtaining a tailing dam instability damage early warning point through the change rule of the cumulative ringing count along with time and the energy rate change rule.
The server 4 in this embodiment includes a data analysis module 41 and a prediction module 42, where the analysis module 41 is configured to analyze infrasonic wave signal data to obtain an infrasonic wave cumulative ringing count and an energy rate change rule;
the prediction module 42 is connected with the analysis module 41 and used for predicting the instability damage early warning point of the tailing dam.
Furthermore, for the obtained accumulated ringing count, the prediction module 42 analyzes and obtains a curve of the relationship between the accumulated ringing count and time, in the process of stacking and extruding tailings, gaps among dam material particles are compacted in the initial stage, the ringing count is less, the curve of the relationship between the accumulated ringing count and time is gentle, mutual friction and extrusion among the material particles are further compressed, the material particles are likely to be broken, microcracks appear in the dam and advance along with time, when the ringing count is suddenly increased, the curve of the relationship between the accumulated ringing count and time is changed from gentle to steep, the microcracks in the dam are predicted to be mutually communicated, and a large macro fracture surface begins to appear; the prediction module 42 regards the curvature mutation point of the cumulative ringing count and time relation curve as a tailing dam instability damage early warning point;
further, for the energy rate change rule obtained by the analysis module 41, the energy rate is obviously increased suddenly near the time point when the dam material reaches the stress yield point, and more high-energy-rate signals appear, and then a relatively quiet period appears, which advances along with time until the material stress peak point, the energy rate is increased suddenly, and a large number of high-energy-rate signals appear. Therefore, a point where a high-energy-rate signal appears for the first time (relative quiet period starting point) can be regarded as a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
The server 4 in this embodiment may be a computer, and mainly analyzes the collected infrasonic wave signals through computer software and Matlab programming, obtains infrasonic wave accumulated ringing count and energy rate change rules, obtains a tailings dam instability destruction basis, and displays the accumulated ringing count, energy rate and time relation curve in real time on a computer interface, so as to predict and forecast the safety of the tailings dam.
Example 2
Based on the system of embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a monitoring and early warning method for instability of a tailing dam, and a flowchart refers to fig. 2, and the method includes the following steps:
s100: collecting and storing infrasonic wave signals of a tailing dam body in real time; then step S200 is executed;
in the embodiment, the monitoring area of the tailing dam is determined according to parameters such as the scale, the shape, the saturation line and the water level of the tailing dam of the mine, the sensors are arranged in the area to be detected in a staggered mode and are numbered, and infrasonic signals are collected through the sensors; the infrasonic signal automatic acquisition sensors are arranged in the area to be detected of the tailings dam body in a staggered mode to acquire the infrasonic signal in the tailings dam body.
S200: analyzing the infrasonic wave signal to obtain an infrasonic wave cumulative ringing count and time change rule curve and an energy rate and time change rule curve; then, step S300 is executed;
in the embodiment, the infrasonic signal automatic acquisition sensor converts acquired infrasonic signals into analog signals and transmits the analog signals to the network transmission instrument through the cable, and the network transmission instrument can convert the analog signals into digital signals and store the digital signals in the indoor storage and control center; the server derives infrasonic signal data from the storage and control center through the network cable, and obtains the infrasonic cumulative ringing count and the energy rate change rule by mainly analyzing the collected infrasonic signals through computer software and Matlab programming.
S300: and analyzing the change rule of the accumulated ringing count along with the time and the energy rate change rule to obtain the instability damage early warning point of the tailing dam.
In the step S200, the accumulated ringing count is analyzed, a curve of relation between the accumulated ringing count and time is drawn, gaps among dam material particles are compacted in an initial stage in a tailing stacking and extruding process, the ringing count is less, the curve of relation between the accumulated ringing count and time is gentle, mutual friction and extrusion among the material particles are further compressed, crushing possibly occurs, microcracks appear in a dam body and are pushed along with time, when the ringing count suddenly increases, the curve of relation between the accumulated ringing count and time is changed from gentle to steep, microcracks in the dam body are indicated to be mutually communicated, a large macro fracture surface begins to appear, and a curvature mutation point of the curve of relation between the accumulated ringing count and time is regarded as a tailing dam instability damage early warning point;
on the other hand, when the dam body material reaches the stress yield time point, the energy rate is obviously increased suddenly, more high-energy rate signals appear, then a relatively quiet period appears, the energy rate is increased suddenly along with the time until the material stress peak point, a large number of high-energy rate signals appear, the energy rate change rule is analyzed, and in the step, the point (the starting point of the relatively quiet period) where the high-energy rate signals appear for the first time is taken as the instability damage early warning point of the tailing dam.
In the invention, the instability damage of the tailing dam is predicted and early warned in two aspects of accumulated ringing count, energy rate and time relation, in practical application, the interval time of early warning points obtained by two early warning means is short, when the first early warning point appears, corresponding measures can be taken to process dangerous cases, the second early warning point can be subjected to auxiliary verification, the contingency is effectively avoided, and the instability prediction accuracy of the tailing dam is improved.
Infrasound is used as a nondestructive testing method, has the advantages of less attenuation, no need of contacting with a monitoring target and long transmission distance, and can effectively warn the instability of the tailing dam by acquiring and analyzing infrasound signals generated in the dam body and establishing the relation between corresponding infrasound characteristic parameters and the internal damage of the dam body.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A monitoring and early warning method for instability of a tailing dam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting and storing infrasonic wave signals of a tailing dam body in real time;
analyzing the infrasonic wave signal to obtain an infrasonic wave cumulative ringing count and time change rule curve and an energy rate and time change rule curve;
and analyzing the change rule of the accumulated ringing count along with time and the energy rate change rule to obtain a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the infrasonic signals inside the tailings dam are collected by arranging automatic infrasonic signal collecting sensors in a staggered manner in the area to be measured of the tailings dam body.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the gradual transition of the cumulative ringing count versus time curve to a steep curve curvature break point is a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the high energy rate signal point where the energy rate change rule first appears is a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
5. The utility model provides a monitoring and early warning system of tailing dam unstability which characterized in that includes: a plurality of infrasonic signal automatic acquisition sensors arranged in the area of the tailings dam to be detected, a network transmission instrument, a storage and control center and a server; wherein,
the automatic infrasonic signal acquisition sensor is used for acquiring infrasonic signals of a tailings dam body to be detected in real time, converting the infrasonic signals into analog signals and sending the analog signals;
the network transmission instrument is connected with the infrasonic wave signal automatic acquisition sensor through a cable and is used for receiving an analog signal, converting the analog signal into a digital signal, transmitting the digital signal through the cable and storing the digital signal in a storage and control center;
the server is connected with the storage and control center and used for deriving infrasonic signal data from the storage and control center, analyzing the infrasonic signal data to obtain infrasonic cumulative ringing count and energy rate change rule, and obtaining a tailing dam instability damage early warning point according to the change rule of the cumulative ringing count along with time and the energy rate change rule.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of automatic infrasonic signal acquisition sensors are arranged in a staggered mode in the area to be measured of the tailings dam body, and the automatic acquisition sensors acquire infrasonic signals inside the tailings dam body.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the server comprises a data analysis module and a prediction module, the analysis module is configured to analyze the infrasonic signal data to obtain an infrasonic cumulative ringing count and an energy rate change rule;
and the prediction module is connected with the analysis module and used for predicting the instability damage early warning point of the tailing dam.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the prediction module is configured to mark a curve curvature discontinuity point at which the cumulative ringing count versus time curve obtained by the analysis module changes from gradual to steep as a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the prediction module is configured to use a point at which the high-energy-rate signal appears for the first time on the energy-rate change rule obtained by the analysis module as a tailing dam instability damage early warning point.
10. The system according to any one of claims 5-9, wherein said storage & control hub is further configured to set parameters for controlling said infrasonic signal automatic acquisition sensor to acquire infrasonic signals.
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Application publication date: 20210205 |