CN112325720B - Deep-hole multi-point air space water-resisting no-coupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rock - Google Patents
Deep-hole multi-point air space water-resisting no-coupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN112325720B CN112325720B CN202011158372.9A CN202011158372A CN112325720B CN 112325720 B CN112325720 B CN 112325720B CN 202011158372 A CN202011158372 A CN 202011158372A CN 112325720 B CN112325720 B CN 112325720B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
Abstract
A deep-hole multipoint air-to-water decoupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rock is characterized by comprising an electric blasting loading pipe, a water storage system, a metal copper wire system, an insulated current lead, a discharge reserved hole, insulating glue, a blanking plug, a high-voltage energy storage discharge system, a blast hole, a hard rock stratum and purified water; and so on. The device can effectively control the electric explosion vibration and the electric explosion flyrock and has the characteristics of uniform energy transfer distribution, high energy utilization rate, small vibration, low cost, high construction speed and low dust. The deep-hole energy-gathering electric blasting rock breaking can be realized by utilizing electric energy for the large-section tunnel in the hard rock stratum of the urban subway.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electric blasting rocks in urban subway hard rock strata, and particularly relates to a deep-hole multipoint air-to-water decoupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rocks.
Background
In the construction of urban subway hard rock tunnels, when the uniaxial compressive strength of rocks exceeds 100MPa, in order to avoid the abrasion or damage of the composite shield cutter caused by high-strength hard rocks and improve the tunneling efficiency, the tunnel excavation is usually carried out by adopting a traditional drilling and blasting method. Because urban subway construction is generally located in urban centers or suburbs, the mining method tunnel blasting construction easily affects the lives of surrounding historical relics, existing lines, ancient buildings and surrounding residents. In order to reduce influence, the existing research mainly comprises the steps of controlling the time period of blasting construction, selecting different upper and lower step construction technologies, fine blasting technologies and the like, but the application of the blasting construction in urban subways is limited due to the fact that the potential danger coefficient of explosives is large, and the existing structure is damaged and the body and mind of a human body are influenced by vibration, flying stones and shock waves. Meanwhile, in the drilling and blasting construction of the existing urban subway tunnel, the effective depth of a blast hole is generally not more than 5m, the blasting hole charging is realized by directly and continuously placing a plurality of explosive packages in the blast hole by the experience of workers to be in direct contact with the rock surface of the hole wall, and the gap between the surface of the explosive package placed in the blast hole in a manual site and the inner wall of the blast hole is not uniformly distributed due to the fact that the diameter of the explosive package is smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, so that detonation is gradually weakened to interrupt, energy cannot be fully utilized, tunnel overbreak and surrounding rock damage are often caused, and the tunnel advance scale and the construction progress are not favorably increased. Therefore, in the prior art, the electric blasting rock-breaking research of the hard rock stratum of the urban subway is not developed systematically, and the electric blasting rock-breaking device and method research of the mutual combination of the air uncoupled structure and the water coupled structure of the deep-hole multi-point subway hard rock stratum is not involved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a deep-hole multi-point air-space water-proof non-coupling electric blasting rock device for subway hard rock, which has the characteristics of multi-point multi-layer full-depth release of high-voltage discharge pressure shock wave energy, air-space water-proof non-coupling energy gathering cracking structure, uniform energy grading, high utilization rate, small vibration and low dust.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a deep hole multipoint air-to-air water-resisting no-coupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rock is characterized by comprising an electric blasting loading pipe 1, a water storage system 2, a metal copper wire system 3, an insulated current lead 4, a discharge reserved hole 7, an insulating glue 8, a blanking plug 9, a high-voltage energy storage and discharge system 11, a blast hole 13, a hard rock stratum 14 and purified water 15;
electric detonation loading tube 1Are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right sideInsulated current conductor 4The insulated current lead 4 is connected with the electric explosion loading tube 1 in an adhesive way;
a water storage system (2) for storing water,comprising a first reservoir 201, a second reservoir 202, a third reservoir 203; the first water storage device 201, the second water storage device 202 and the third water storage device 203 are sequentially arranged in the electric explosion loading pipe 1 from bottom to top at equal intervals; the 3 water reservoirs are made of polyvinyl chloride and are used for storing pure water 15, and because the water has incompressibility, higher density and larger flowing viscosity, the water reservoirs mainly provide discharge channels required by rock breaking and instantaneous high water pressure for high-speed expansion of the electrically exploded subway hard rock stratum 14Shock wave energy;
metallic copper wire system 3The copper-clad plate comprises a first metal copper wire 301, a second metal copper wire 302 and a third metal copper wire 303; a first metallic copper wire 301, a second metallic copper wire 302 and a third metallic copper wire 303 are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the first water storage container 201, the second water storage container 202 and the third water storage container 203; the left side and the right side of the first metal copper wire 301, the second metal copper wire 302 and the third metal copper wire 303 are respectively connected with the insulated current lead 4 through the arranged discharge preformed holes 7, and the two discharge preformed holes 7 are sealed and plugged in an insulating manner by using insulating glue 8;
plug 9The device is arranged at the uppermost end of the electric explosion loading pipe 1 and is hermetically connected with the electric explosion loading pipe 1;
a high-voltage energy-storage discharge system 11,the device comprises a variable-frequency boost controller 1101, a high-voltage former 1102, a high-voltage energy storage 1103 and a discharge controller 1104; the variable-frequency boost controller 1101 is used for regulating voltage, converting 220V voltage into high-frequency high voltage not lower than 2kV, and ensuring constant voltage and overvoltage protection; the high-voltage former 1102 is used for boosting voltage and rectifying the voltage into direct-current high voltage to ensure that the high-voltage energy storage 1103 can be charged stably; the high voltage energy storage 1103 is used for storing energy required for discharging; the discharge controller 1104 functions to discharge all the energy in the high-voltage energy storage 1103 through the opened high-voltage circuit path.
The device is further provided with a positioning system 12 which comprises a first positioner 1201 and a second positioner 1202; the first positioners 1201 are arranged at the bottom end of the electric explosion loading tube 1 at 90 degrees, and 4 positioners are arranged in total; the second positioners 1202 are arranged at the top end of the electric explosion loading tube 1, and are arranged in 2 in total and are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees with the insulated current lead 4; the arrangement of the positioning system 12 mainly has the function of quickly and accurately positioning the electric explosion loading pipe 1 at the central position of the blast hole 13, so that the gap between the electric explosion loading pipe 1 and the blast hole 13 is uniform, the accuracy of the air decoupling electric explosion structure is ensured, and the high-temperature pressure shock wave after high-voltage discharge is fully filled in the blast hole 13 and then is used for the blast hole wall.
Deep-hole multi-point air space water-resisting no-coupling electric blasting rock device (method) for subway hard rockFor large-section tunnel in hard rock stratum of urban subwayDeep hole energy-gathering electric blasting rock by utilizing electric energy。
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the device has the characteristics of multipoint multilayer full-depth release of high-voltage discharge pressure shock wave energy. The device of the embodiment of the application causes the temperature inside the first water receiver, the second water receiver and the third water receiver to rise rapidly after electric energy of the discharge controller is discharged to meet purified water, causes the pressure inside the first water receiver, the second water receiver and the third water receiver to rise rapidly and expand, forms high-speed expanded water pressure shock waves in the purified water, forms multi-point multi-layer high-energy flow rapidly around the first water receiver, the second water receiver and the third water receiver, and preferentially concentrates the multi-point multi-layer hole wall shock wave pressure generated on the corresponding hole wall by applying the electric explosion loading pipe.
2. The device has the characteristics of the air-to-air water-resisting non-coupling energy-gathering fracture-inducing structure integrating air compressibility and water incompressibility. The device causes an air non-coupling gap to be formed between the electric explosion loading tube and the inner wall of the blast hole through the positioning system, so that discharge radiation energy is expanded and is uniformly filled in the whole blast hole and acts on the hole wall to generate hole wall shock wave pressure, and meanwhile, the pure water filled in the water receiver impacts compressed pure water to excite water pressure shock waves after meeting high-voltage discharge electric energy so as to transmit the high-voltage shock wave pressure to the hole wall, so that the hard rock is uniformly crushed under the combined action of an air non-coupling and water non-coupling energy-gathering fracturing structure.
3. The device can effectively control electric explosion vibration and electric explosion flyrock and has the characteristics of uniform energy transfer distribution, high energy utilization rate, small vibration, low cost, high construction speed and low dust.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic main section view of a deep-hole multi-point air-space water-resisting non-coupling electric blasting rock device for subway hard rock.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1 rotated 90 ° clockwise.
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A schematic top view of the section A-A in FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the section B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic bottom view of the section C-C in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the cross section D-D in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the pressure relief of the high-pressure shock wave after the discharge of the electric squib loading tube of fig. 1.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1 is an electric explosion loading pipe, 2 is a water storage system, 201 is a first water storage device, 202 is a second water storage device, 203 is a third water storage device,
3 is a metallic copper wire system, 301 is a first metallic copper wire, 302 is a second metallic copper wire, 303 is a third metallic copper wire,
4 is an insulated current lead, 5 is a water injection hole, 6 is a sealing plug, 7 is a discharge preformed hole, 8 is insulating glue, 9 is a blanking plug, 10 is high-strength quick-drying glue,
11 is a high-voltage energy storage and discharge system, 1101 is a frequency conversion boost controller, 1102 is a high-voltage former, 1103 is a high-voltage energy storage, 1104 is a discharge controller,
12 is a positioning system, 1201 is a first positioner, 1202 is a second positioner,
13 is a blast hole, 14 is a hard rock stratum and 15 is purified water.
Detailed Description
The present application will be further described with reference to the following examples shown in the drawings.
Examples
Method design (innovation point)
A deep hole multipoint air space water-resisting non-coupling electric blasting rock for subway hard rock is characterized by comprising
Firstly, arranging blast holes 13 in a hard rock stratum 14;
meanwhile, preparing an electric explosion loading pipe 1, and longitudinally dividing the electric explosion loading pipe 1 into a plurality of functional layers;
step two, connecting metal copper wires with insulated current leads 4 distributed on two sides of the electric explosion loading pipe 1 in each functional layer of the electric explosion loading pipe 1 to finish lead laying;
step three, arranging water reservoirs in each functional layer of the electric explosion loading pipe 1, filling purified water 15 into the water reservoirs through water injection holes 5 respectively, and sealing and blocking the water reservoirs by using sealing plugs 6;
fourthly, plugging the top end of the electric explosion loading pipe 1 by using a plugging device 9;
placing the electric explosion loading pipe 1 in the blast hole 13, and accurately positioning the uncoupled electric explosion structure through a positioning system 12;
step six, connecting the insulated current leads 4 respectively connected with the metal copper wires in each functional layer with the corresponding positive and negative poles of the discharge controller 1104 to form a positive and negative pole circuit path;
discharging the energy in the high-voltage energy storage 1103 by controlling a discharge controller 1104 in the high-voltage energy storage discharge system 11, wherein at this time, the discharge electric energy meets the purified water 15 to cause the temperature inside each water storage to rapidly rise and cause the pressure inside each water storage to rapidly rise and expand, so that high-speed expanded water pressure shock waves are formed in the purified water 15, at this time, the electric energy is converted into high-voltage explosive mechanical energy and continuously radiates energy outwards, and multi-point multi-layer high-energy flow is rapidly formed around each water storage, and multi-point multi-layer hole wall shock wave pressure is preferentially and intensively generated on the hole wall of the corresponding blasthole 13 through the electric explosion loading tube 1, and meanwhile, the air non-coupling gap between the electric explosion loading tube 1 and the inner wall of the blasthole 13 distributed by the positioning system 12 causes the discharge radiation energy to expand and uniformly fill the whole blasthole 13 and acts on the hole wall to generate the hole wall shock wave pressure, so that the high-energy flow at each hole wall preferentially breaks through the limit strength of rock mass under the combined action of the air non-coupling and water-coupling energy-gathering structure, and the multi-layer full-point multi-layer rock breaking at different depths of the hard stratum 14 can be realized.
Product design (innovation point)
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the deep-hole multipoint air-to-water decoupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rock comprises an electric blasting loading pipe 1, a water storage system 2, a metal copper wire system 3, an insulated current lead 4, a discharge preformed hole 7, an insulating glue 8, a blanking plug 9, a high-voltage energy storage and discharge system 11, a blast hole 13, a hard rock stratum 14 and purified water 15. The connection relationship of the parts is as follows:
electric blasting loading tube 1Are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right sideInsulated current conductor 4The insulated current lead 4 is connected with the electric explosion loading tube 1 in an adhesive way; the material of the electric explosion loading tube 1 is polyvinyl chloride, and the diameter is slightly smaller thanBlast hole 13The length of the diameter of the hole can be designed according to the rock breaking depth of the blast hole 13 of the subway hard rock tunnel; the length of the electric explosion loading pipe 1 is slightly smaller than the depth of the blast hole 13.
A water storage system (2) is arranged,comprising a first reservoir 201, a second reservoir 202, a third reservoir 203; the first water storage device 201, the second water storage device 202 and the third water storage device 203 are sequentially arranged in the electric explosion loading pipe 1 from bottom to top at equal intervals; the 3 water reservoirs are made of polyvinyl chloride and are used for storing pure water 15, and because the water has incompressibility, high density and high flowing viscosity, the water reservoirs mainly provide a discharge channel required by rock breaking and instantaneous high-water-pressure shock wave energy expanded at high speed for the electrically exploded subway hard rock stratum 14. In particular embodiments, further details are disclosed, as shown in figure 2,water storage system 2The device also comprises a water injection hole 5 and a sealing plug 6: water injection holes 5 are uniformly distributed at the upper ends of the right sides of the first water receiver 201, the second water receiver 202 and the third water receiver 203, and after the 3 water receivers are completely filled with the purified water 15, the 3 water injection holes 5 are sealed and blocked by sealing plugs 6.
Metallic copper wire system 3The copper wire comprises a first metal copper wire 301, a second metal copper wire 302 and a third metal copper wire 303; a first metallic copper wire 301, a second metallic copper wire 302 and a third metallic copper wire 303 are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the first water storage container 201, the second water storage container 202 and the third water storage container 203; the left and right sides of the first metal copper wire 301, the second metal copper wire 302 and the third metal copper wire 303 are connected with the insulated current lead 4 through the arranged discharge preformed holes 7 respectively, and the two discharge preformed holes 7 are sealed and plugged in an insulating manner by using insulating glue 8.
Plug 9Arranged at the uppermost end of the electric explosion loading pipe 1, and connected with the electric explosion loading pipe through high-strength quick-drying glue 10 (in the embodiment, the high-strength quick-drying glue 10 is selected by way of example and not limitation)The loading tube 1 is connected in a sealing way; the blanking plug 9 is made of polyvinyl chloride, the diameter of the blanking plug is slightly smaller than that of the electric explosion loading pipe 1, the effect of the blanking plug is mainly to increase the completion degree of high-temperature pressure-induced expansion reaction after high-voltage discharge in the blast hole 13, the pressure shock wave energy after the high-voltage discharge is fully utilized, and the rock breaking effect is enhanced.
A high-voltage energy-storage discharge system 11,the device comprises a variable frequency boost controller 1101, a high voltage former 1102, a high voltage energy storage 1103 and a discharge controller 1104; the variable-frequency boost controller 1101 is used for regulating voltage, converting 220V voltage into high-frequency high voltage not lower than 2kV, and ensuring constant voltage and overvoltage protection; the high-voltage former 1102 is used for boosting and rectifying the voltage into direct-current high voltage to ensure that the high-voltage energy accumulator 1103 can be stably charged; the high voltage energy storage 1103 is used for storing energy required for discharging; the discharge controller 1104 functions to discharge all the energy in the high-voltage energy storage 1103 through the opened high-voltage circuit path. Their connection relationship: one end of the discharge controller 1104 is connected with the corresponding positive and negative electrodes of the insulated current lead 4, the other end is connected with the high-voltage energy accumulator 1103 through the insulated current lead 4, one end of the high-voltage energy accumulator 1103 is connected with the high-voltage former 1102, and the other end of the high-voltage former 1102 is connected with the variable-frequency boost controller 1101; the variable frequency boost controller 1101 must perform a grounding process.
In a more optimized and specific design, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the device of the present invention is further designed with a positioning system 12, which includes a first positioner 1201 and a second positioner 1202; the first positioners 1201 are arranged at the bottom end of the electric explosion loading pipe 1 at 90 degrees, and are arranged in 4 parts; the second positioners 1202 are arranged at the top end of the electric explosion loading tube 1, and 2 second positioners are arranged at 90 degrees with the insulated current lead 4; the arrangement of the positioning system 12 mainly has the function of quickly and accurately positioning the electric explosion loading pipe 1 at the central position of the blast hole 13, so that the gap between the electric explosion loading pipe 1 and the blast hole 13 is uniform, the accuracy of the air decoupling electric explosion structure is ensured, and the high-temperature pressure shock wave after high-voltage discharge is fully filled in the blast hole 13 and then is used for the blast hole wall.
Based on the structural design, the invention further provides the working principle (innovation point) of the method:
arranging blast holes 13 in the hard rock stratum 14; then, the first metal copper wire 301, the second metal copper wire 302 and the third metal copper wire 303 are respectively connected with insulated current leads 4 arranged at two sides of the electric explosion loading tube 1; then the purified water 15 is filled into the first water receiver 201, the second water receiver 202 and the third water receiver 203 through the water injection hole 5, and then the water is sealed and blocked by the sealing plug 6; then the top end of the electric explosion loading pipe 1 is blocked by a blanking plug 9; then placing the electric explosion loading pipe 1 in the blast hole 13, and carrying out accurate positioning of the uncoupled electric explosion structure through a positioning system 12; finally, the insulated current leads 4 respectively connected with the first metallic copper wire 301, the second metallic copper wire 302 and the third metallic copper wire 303 are connected with the positive and negative poles corresponding to the discharge controller 1104 to form a positive and negative pole circuit path, the energy in the high-voltage energy storage 1103 is discharged by controlling the discharge controller 1104 in the high-voltage energy storage discharge system 11, at this time, the discharge electric energy meets the purified water 15 to cause the temperature in the first water storage 201, the second water storage 202 and the third water storage 203 to rapidly rise and expand, and a high-speed expanded water pressure shock wave is formed in the purified water 15, at this time, the electric energy is converted into high-voltage explosion type mechanical energy and continuously radiates energy outwards, and a multipoint multilayer high energy flow is rapidly formed around the first water receiver 201, the second water receiver 202 and the third water receiver 203, and is preferentially concentrated to be applied to the hole walls of the corresponding blast holes 13 through the electric explosion loading pipe 1 to generate multipoint multilayer hole wall shock wave pressure, and meanwhile, the air non-coupling gap between the electric explosion loading pipe 1 and the inner walls of the blast holes 13 distributed through the positioning system 12 promotes the discharge radiation energy to expand and uniformly fill the whole blast holes 13 and acts on the hole walls to generate hole wall shock wave pressure, so that under the combined action of the air non-coupling and water non-coupling energy-gathering fracturing structures, the high energy flow at the first water receiver 201, the second water receiver 202 and the third water receiver 203 preferentially breaks through the limit bearing strength of rock bodies, and the multipoint multilayer full-depth accurate rock breaking is realized in different depth ranges in the hard rock stratum 14.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and appreciation of the present application by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art should, in light of the present disclosure, appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present application.
Claims (1)
1. A deep hole multipoint air water-resisting no-coupling electric blasting rock device for subway hard rock is arranged in a blast hole (13) formed in a hard rock stratum (14), and is characterized by comprising an electric blasting loading pipe (1), a water storage system (2), a metal copper wire system (3), an insulated current lead (4), a discharge preformed hole (7), insulating glue (8), a blanking plug (9), a high-voltage energy storage discharge system (11), a positioning system (12) and purified water (15);
insulated current leads (4) are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the electric explosion loading pipe (1), and the insulated current leads (4) are connected with the electric explosion loading pipe (1) in an adhesive manner;
a water storage system (2) comprising a first reservoir (201), a second reservoir (202), a third reservoir (203); the first water storage device (201), the second water storage device (202) and the third water storage device (203) are sequentially arranged in the electric explosion loading pipe (1) from bottom to top at equal intervals; the 3 water reservoirs are all made of polyvinyl chloride and are used for storing purified water (15);
the metal copper wire system (3) comprises a first metal copper wire (301), a second metal copper wire (302) and a third metal copper wire (303); the first metal copper wire (301), the second metal copper wire (302) and the third metal copper wire (303) are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the first water storage device (201), the second water storage device (202) and the third water storage device (203); the left side and the right side of the first metal copper wire (301), the second metal copper wire (302) and the third metal copper wire (303) are respectively connected with the insulated current lead (4) through the arranged discharge preformed holes (7), and the two discharge preformed holes (7) are sealed and plugged in an insulating manner by insulating glue (8);
the blanking plug (9) is arranged at the uppermost end of the electric explosion loading pipe (1) and is connected with the electric explosion loading pipe (1) in a sealing way;
the high-voltage energy storage and discharge system (11) comprises a variable-frequency boost controller (1101), a high-voltage former (1102), a high-voltage energy storage (1103) and a discharge controller (1104); the variable-frequency boost controller (1101) is used for regulating voltage, converting 220V voltage into high-frequency high voltage not lower than 2kV, and ensuring constant voltage and overvoltage protection; the high-voltage former (1102) is used for boosting and rectifying the voltage to direct current high voltage to ensure that the high-voltage energy storage device (1103) can be stably charged; the high-voltage energy storage device (1103) is used for storing energy required by discharge; the discharge controller (1104) is used for discharging all the energy in the high-voltage energy storage device (1103) through the connected high-voltage circuit path; one end of the discharge controller (1104) is connected with the corresponding positive and negative electrodes of the insulated current lead (4), the other end of the discharge controller is connected with the high-voltage energy accumulator (1103) through the insulated current lead (4), one end of the high-voltage energy accumulator (1103) is connected with the high-voltage former (1102), and the other end of the high-voltage former (1102) is connected with the variable-frequency boost controller (1101); the variable-frequency boost controller (1101) performs grounding treatment;
a positioning system (12) comprising a first positioner (1201), a second positioner (1202); the first positioners (1201) are arranged at the bottom end of the electric explosion loading pipe (1) in 90 degrees, and are arranged in 4 in total; the second positioners (1202) are arranged at the top end of the electric explosion loading tube (1) and are arranged in 2 in total, and the second positioners and the insulated current lead (4) are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees.
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| CN202011158372.9A CN112325720B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Deep-hole multi-point air space water-resisting no-coupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rock |
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| CN202011158372.9A CN112325720B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Deep-hole multi-point air space water-resisting no-coupling electric blasting rock breaking device for subway hard rock |
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| US6499406B2 (en) * | 2000-12-30 | 2002-12-31 | Dong Soo Shim | Blasting apparatus for forming horizontal underground cavities and blasting method using the same |
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| RU2385417C2 (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2010-03-27 | Дмитрий Рудольфович Ганин | Electrohydraulic breaking and crushing method for solid materials |
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| CN112325720A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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