CN112325718A

CN112325718A - Air spaced charging blasting construction method

Info

Publication number: CN112325718A
Application number: CN202010964174.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓敏; 周刚; 吴国华; 杨其海; 梅兴林
Original assignee: China Gezhouba Group No 2 Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Gezhouba Group No 2 Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-15
Filing date: 2020-09-15
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-15
Also published as: CN112325718B

Abstract

The invention relates to an air interval loading blasting construction method, which solves the problems of complex structure, inconvenient use and higher cost of the traditional method, and comprises the steps of digging and drilling a vertical blast hole, sending a 1 st primary explosive bag into the vertical blast hole by using a detonating tube, binding 1 st and 2 nd nylon rope rings on the upper part and the middle part of the 1 st interval explosive roll respectively, connecting the lower end of a lifting rope with the 1 st and 2 nd nylon rope rings respectively, pulling the lifting rope to slowly place one end of the 1 st interval explosive roll, which is not bound with the nylon rope rings, downwards into the vertical blast hole to the top of an air interval, fixing the 1 st and 2 nd interval explosive rolls into a colloidal explosive, throwing the 2 nd interval explosive roll into the vertical blast hole to be contacted with the upper end of the 1 st interval explosive roll, then slowly loosening the lifting rope, and throwing the other 2 nd interval explosive roll into the vertical blast hole if the lifting rope has a downward falling sign.

Description

Air spaced charging blasting construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an air interval charging blasting construction method in blasting engineering technology.

Background

The air interval charging technology can reduce the initial peak pressure of the explosive to rocks around the blast hole, so that the explosive pressure in the hole is more uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the blast hole, thereby reducing or avoiding the excessive crushing of the surrounding rocks near the blast hole, enlarging the range of a fracture area, improving the effective utilization rate of explosive blasting energy, reducing the blasting cost and controlling the blasting damage.

CN110715587A discloses an air-spaced explosive-charging device, which comprises an operating rod and a spacer, and uses a spring clip to hold the hole wall of the main hole to realize air spacing, and there are devices or methods in the market that use compressed air to clip the air spacer on the hole wall and foam on the hole wall, but all the above methods have the disadvantages of relatively complex structure, inconvenient use, high cost, etc.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an air spaced charging blasting construction method which is low in cost and convenient to operate.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

an air interval loading blasting construction method comprises the steps of digging and drilling a vertical blast hole, adopting air intervals at least one position of the depth of the vertical blast hole, sending a 1 st primary explosive cartridge 5 into the vertical blast hole by using a detonating tube 2, filling a 1 st main explosive 4 to the bottom of the 1 st air interval, binding 1 st and 2 nd nylon rope rings on the upper part and the middle part of a 1 st interval cartridge 6 respectively, connecting the lower end of a lifting rope 1 with the 1 st and 2 nd nylon rope rings respectively, pulling the lifting rope to slowly put one end of the 1 st interval cartridge 6, which is not bound with the nylon rope ring, downwards into the vertical blast hole, wherein the 1 st and 2 nd interval cartridges are colloidal explosives, the 1 st interval cartridge 6 is consistent with the vertical blast hole in axial direction, one end of the 1 st interval cartridge 6, which is not bound with the nylon rope ring, is positioned on the top of the 1 st air interval, fixing the lifting rope on the ground, throwing a 2 nd interval cartridge 7 into the vertical blast hole to be contacted with the upper end of the 1 st interval cartridge 6, and then slowly loosening the lifting rope, if the lifting rope has a falling sign, throwing another 2 nd interval cartridge 7 into the vertical blast hole, repeatedly lifting, if the lifting rope has a falling sign, throwing another 2 nd interval cartridge 7 into the vertical blast hole until the lifting rope has no falling sign, sequentially filling a 2 nd initiating explosive package, a 2 nd main explosive 4 and a filling object 3 to the ground to finish charging, or having a plurality of corrosion cracks, sequentially filling a 2 nd initiating explosive package, and sequentially filling a 2 nd main explosive 4 to the 2 nd air interval bottom, repeating the processes to finish charging, and performing networking initiation according to the flow after all blast holes are completely filled.

The colloidal explosive is rock emulsion explosive, 1 st, 2 nd interval cartridge diameter is greater than 60mm and is greater than 1/2 of vertical big gun hole diameter, is less than 4/5 of vertical big gun hole diameter, and the length of 1 st, 2 nd interval cartridge is more than 2 times of vertical big gun hole diameter, and main explosive that explodes is porous grain ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or 2# rock emulsion explosive or likepowder explosive, and the top apart from the vertical big gun drill way mouth that is located the interval cartridge of highest position must not be less than 8 m.

The bottom of the air space is located in the erosion crevice 8.

The invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, 1 colloidal explosive is hung at a preset position in a hole by utilizing the characteristics of the colloidal explosive, then 1-2 colloidal explosives are loaded, the colloidal explosive is freely dropped in the hole during charging, the package is broken when the colloidal explosive is obstructed by 1 colloidal explosive hung at the preset position in the hole, the colloidal explosive is adhered to the hole wall to bear the gravity of the upper charged explosive, and a cavity is formed at the lower part of the colloidal explosive, so that the spaced charging is realized.

The method can effectively realize air spaced charging of the blast holes with the aperture of 90-115 mm, does not need other auxiliary devices or materials, and has the advantages of low realization cost, simple operation, less generation of accessory garbage (almost no additional garbage is added compared with normal charging) and the like compared with the prior art.

The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, realizes air spaced charging by only using the detonating tube or the nylon rope which is detonated as the lifting rope without using external materials and devices, and has low cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a binding method for binding spacing cartridges 1 by lifting ropes.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the interval No. 1 cartridge being lifted to a position with a predetermined interval, the opening of the interval No. 2 cartridge being fixed, and the interval No. 2 cartridge being loaded.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the

interval cartridges

1 and 2 colliding to seal the blast hole.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the charge configuration after completion of charging.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the charge structure of example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the charge structure of example 2 of the present invention.

The symbols in the drawings mean:

1-lifting rope 2-detonating tube 3-stuffing

4-main explosive 5-initiating explosive 6-interval cartridge 1

7-interval medicated rolls 28-erosion cracks.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The method needs to prepare a detonating tube or a nylon rope with the diameter of more than 3 mm.

And (3) binding a circle of the middle part and the upper part 2/3 of a No. 2 rock emulsion explosive cartridge (spacing cartridge 1) with the size of 70mm by using a double-strand detonating tube or a nylon rope as a lifting rope, and then pulling the detonating tube or the nylon rope to place the unbound end of the cartridge downwards and slowly into the blast hole. The purpose of the respective binding at the middle and upper parts 1/3 of the cartridge is to ensure that the axial direction of the cartridge is consistent with the axial direction of the bore diameter when the cartridge is lifted upwards in the next step, so that the cartridge is not blocked by the bore wall.

After the spacing explosive cartridges 1 contact the lower part for charging, the lifting ropes are lifted upwards to the upper part of the position of the blasting design spacing, and the lifting ropes are fixed outside the orifices.

Taking another 70mm 2# rock emulsion explosive cartridge (interval cartridge 2), cutting a knife edge from the bottom of a plastic film packaged on the interval cartridge 2 to the lower part 1/3, and filling the knife edge into a blast hole; if the top of the spaced position is more than 12m away from the opening, the spaced cartridge packaging plastic film can not be scratched.

After the interval explosive cartridge 2 collides with the interval explosive cartridge 1, slowly loosening the lifting rope, and if the lifting rope shows a downward drop, indicating that the interval explosive cartridge 1 and the interval explosive cartridge 2 are not successfully clamped, and repeating the previous step; if the indication that the lifting cord is not dropping indicates that the interval cartridge 2 is successfully jammed with the interval cartridge 1, the next step can be taken.

And continuously carrying out interval upper detonating explosive packages and main detonating explosive, and carrying out filling, networking and detonating. It is achieved that the air space charge is achieved without the aid of air spacers or other means.

In the excavation and drilling process of the reservoir bank and the reservoir basin of the upper reservoir of the Jiangsu full-capacity pumped storage power station, big cracks with the depth of 18m in blast holes (the aperture of 115 mm) at the position of 12-13 m are found, and blasting construction safety and blasting effect are ensured by adopting interval charging. The charge configuration is shown in figure 5.

(1) Normally charging blast holes below the cracks;

(2) respectively binding 1 circle at the middle part and the upper part 1/3 of 1 # 2 rock emulsion (interval cartridge 1) explosive with the diameter of 70mm by using a lifting rope, pulling the other end of the lifting rope to slowly place the interval cartridge 1 into a blast hole and contacting the explosive in the step 1;

(3) slowly lifting the rope for 2m upwards and fixing the rope at the orifice;

(4) taking another 1 # 2 rock emulsion explosive with the diameter of 70mm as an interval cartridge 2, and marking a knife edge on a plastic film package from the bottom to the lower part 1/3 of the cartridge;

(5) loading the interval explosive cartridges 2 into the blast holes, then slowly loosening the lifting rope, repeating the step (4) if the lifting rope has the falling sign, and performing the step (6) if the lifting rope does not have the falling sign;

(6) continuously filling a main explosive (porous ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive) and filling the drill hole ballast;

(7) after all blast holes are filled, networking and detonating according to the flow.

Example 2

In the excavation of the side slope of the water inlet and the water outlet of the Jiangsu full-capacity pumped storage power station, the landform of a blasting area is steep, controlled blasting needs to be adopted, blasting stone slag is reduced to the greatest extent and falls along a mountain, the requirement of stone grading is met, and large blocks are reduced. Air spaced charging is adopted, the aperture of the 2# rock emulsion explosive is 90mm, the diameter of the explosive is 70mm, the hole depth is 14m, the air spaced charging is required to be adopted at 8-10 m, and the charging structure is shown in figure 6.

(1) Normally charging blast holes with the diameter of below 10 m;

(3) slowly lifting the rope for 2m upwards and fixing the rope at the orifice;

(5) loading the interval explosive rolls 2 into blast holes, slowly loosening a lifting rope, repeating the step (4) if the lifting rope has the falling sign, and performing the step (6) if the lifting rope does not have the falling sign;

(6) continuously filling a main explosive (No. 2 rock emulsion explosive) and filling the drill hole ballast;

Claims

1. The air spaced loading blasting construction method is characterized in that a vertical blast hole is dug, air space is adopted at least one position of the depth of the vertical blast hole, a 1 st primary explosive cartridge (5) is sent into the vertical blast hole by a detonating tube (2), a 1 st main explosive (4) is filled to the bottom of the 1 st air space, the 1 st and the 2 nd nylon rope rings are respectively bound on the upper part and the middle part of the 1 st spaced explosive cartridge (6), the lower end of a lifting rope (1) is respectively connected with the 1 st and the 2 nd nylon rope rings, then the lifting rope is pulled to slowly put one end of the 1 st spaced explosive cartridge (6) which is not bound with the nylon rope rings downwards into the vertical blast hole, the 1 st and the 2 nd spaced explosive cartridges are colloidal, the 1 st spaced explosive cartridge is consistent with the axial direction of the vertical blast hole, one end of the 1 st spaced explosive cartridge which is not bound with the nylon rope ring is positioned at the top of the 1 st spaced cartridge is fixed on the ground, the lifting rope (7) is thrown into the vertical blast hole to be contacted with the upper end of the 1 st spaced explosive cartridge (, and then slowly loosening the lifting rope, if the lifting rope has a falling sign, throwing another 2 nd interval cartridge into the vertical blast hole, repeatedly lifting, if the lifting rope has a falling sign, throwing another 2 nd interval cartridge into the vertical blast hole until the lifting rope has no falling sign, sequentially filling a 2 nd initiating explosive package, a 2 nd main explosive, completing explosive filling when the filling material (3) reaches the ground, or having a plurality of corrosion cracks, sequentially filling a 2 nd initiating explosive package, and sequentially filling a 2 nd main explosive to the bottom of the 2 nd air interval, repeating the processes to complete explosive filling, and completing explosive filling according to a networking flow and detonating after all blast holes are completely filled.

2. The air spaced-charge blasting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the colloidal explosive is rock emulsion explosive, the diameter of the 1 st and 2 nd spaced cartridges is greater than 60mm and greater than 1/2 of the diameter of a vertical blast hole and less than 4/5 of the diameter of the vertical blast hole, the length of the 1 st and 2 nd spaced cartridges is more than 2 times of the diameter of the vertical blast hole, the main explosive is porous ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or 2# rock emulsion explosive or powdery explosive, and the distance from the top of the spaced cartridge located at the highest position to the opening of the vertical blast hole is not less than 8 m.

3. The air space-charge blasting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the air space is located in the erosion fissures (8).