CN112325496B - Cold and hot matching unit for meat processing and control method - Google Patents
Cold and hot matching unit for meat processing and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112325496B CN112325496B CN202011215974.3A CN202011215974A CN112325496B CN 112325496 B CN112325496 B CN 112325496B CN 202011215974 A CN202011215974 A CN 202011215974A CN 112325496 B CN112325496 B CN 112325496B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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Abstract
The invention relates to a unit for cold and hot matching for meat processing and a control method thereof. The invention can simultaneously meet the requirements of four processes on heat and cold in the meat processing process, so that the peculiar smell and dirty water in the scalding process can be collected, and the surrounding environment is not influenced; the system performs secondary throttling on the refrigerant required by the finished product inventory process side at the low-temperature end, and ensures that two low evaporation temperatures of the system are kept unchanged under different working conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cold and heat source supply in meat processing industry, in particular to a unit for cold and heat matching for meat processing and a control method.
Background
For the current meat processing industry, four procedures of scalding, cooling, quick freezing and finished product storage need different cold and heat sources respectively; for meat, under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, food bacteria grow fast, and the quality of food is seriously influenced.
At present, aiming at a scalding procedure, the required hot water temperature is 60 ℃, an electric heating, steam or high-temperature air source heat pump is generally adopted, meanwhile, the procedure environment is in a high-temperature and high-humidity state continuously, and air is generally exhausted by a fan; for the cooling process, the required ambient temperature is 4 ℃, and an independent air conditioning unit is usually adopted to maintain the ambient temperature of the process; for the processes of quick freezing and finished product storage, a separate freezing unit is usually adopted;
aiming at the current process, the following problems exist: because the energy of the cold and hot ends cannot be matched, a single set of unit cannot be adopted to provide cold and heat simultaneously; the high temperature and high humidity of the environment of the scalding process affect the quality of finished products; the exhaust fan is adopted to exchange fresh air, the effect is poor, and the pollution to the surrounding environment is avoided. Therefore, the influence of high humidity and high temperature on finished products and the influence of atmospheric ventilation on the environment are solved, and the problem that the heat and cold of four processes in the meat processing process need to be solved by the industry can be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a unit for cold and hot matching for meat processing and a control method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a meat processing is with cold and hot unit of using that matches, includes high temperature level heat pump unit, low temperature level heat pump unit, first middle heat exchanger, soaks between scalding, between cooling, quick-freeze storehouse and finished product storehouse, high temperature level heat pump unit and low temperature level heat pump unit are through first middle heat exchanger and through first middle heat exchanger conversion heat, high temperature level heat pump unit is through soaking between scalding and between cooling, low temperature level heat pump unit is through quick-freeze storehouse and finished product storehouse.
Further specifically, the high-temperature-stage heat pump unit includes a second compressor, a second oil separator, a high-temperature condenser, a fourth electronic expansion valve, a first high-temperature evaporator, a fifth electronic expansion valve, a second high-temperature evaporator, and a sixth electronic expansion valve, wherein the refrigerant passes through the second compressor, the second oil separator, and the high-temperature condenser in sequence and then is divided into three paths, the first path passes through the sixth electronic expansion valve and the first intermediate heat exchanger in sequence and then returns to the second compressor, the second path passes through the fourth electronic expansion valve and the first high-temperature evaporator in sequence and then returns to the second compressor, and the third path passes through the fifth electronic expansion valve and the second high-temperature evaporator in sequence and then returns to the second compressor.
Further specifically, the low-temperature stage heat pump unit comprises a first compressor, a first oil separator, a first electronic expansion valve, a second intermediate heat exchanger, a second electronic expansion valve, a third electronic expansion valve, a first low-temperature evaporator and a second low-temperature evaporator, wherein a refrigerant sequentially passes through the first compressor, the first oil separator and the first intermediate heat exchanger and then is divided into two paths, a first branch sequentially passes through the first electronic expansion valve, the second intermediate heat exchanger, the second electronic expansion valve and the second low-temperature evaporator and then returns to the first compressor, and a second branch sequentially passes through the second intermediate heat exchanger, the third electronic expansion valve and the first low-temperature evaporator and then returns to the first compressor.
Further specifically, a dehumidifying evaporator is arranged inside the scalding room.
Further specifically, the dehumidification evaporator is a variable frequency fan.
More specifically, the first high-temperature evaporator is arranged in the scalding room.
More specifically, the second high temperature evaporator is disposed in the cooling compartment.
Further specifically, the first low-temperature evaporator is arranged in the quick-freezing warehouse.
Further specifically, the second low-temperature evaporator is arranged in the finished product warehouse.
A control method of a cold and hot matching unit for meat processing, which comprises the following steps,
s1, starting the low-temperature heat pump unit and the high-temperature heat pump unit for refrigeration;
s2, on the low temperature side, judging whether the difference value between the actual temperature of the finished product and the set temperature of the finished product is greater than a standard difference value, if the difference value between the actual temperature and the set temperature of the finished product is greater than or equal to the standard difference value, keeping the opening of the first electronic expansion valve unchanged, and increasing the opening of the second electronic expansion valve; if the difference value between the actual temperature and the set temperature of the finished product is smaller than the standard difference value, the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve is kept unchanged, the opening degree of the second electronic expansion valve is reduced, and after the opening degree of the second electronic expansion valve is reduced to 180 steps, the difference value between the actual temperature of the finished product and the set temperature of the finished product is still smaller than the standard difference value, and the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve is reduced.
And S3, controlling the superheat degree at the outlet of the first high-temperature evaporator at the high-temperature side according to the superheat degree, wherein when the step number of the fourth electronic expansion valve is increased, the evaporation pressure of the first high-temperature evaporator is continuously reduced, the superheat degree is also continuously reduced, the frequency of the variable-frequency fan is increased, when the frequency is increased to a certain value, the evaporation pressure is not reduced, the step number of the fourth electronic expansion valve is reduced, and the reduction action meets the set superheat degree range.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the structure is adopted, the simultaneous requirements of the four processes on heat and cold quantity in the meat processing process can be simultaneously met, so that the peculiar smell and dirty water in the scalding process can be collected, and the surrounding environment is not influenced; the system performs secondary throttling on the refrigerant required by the finished product inventory process side at the low-temperature end, and ensures that two low evaporation temperatures of the system are kept unchanged under different working conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high temperature stage heat pump unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the low temperature stage heat pump unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first path of the high-temperature stage heat pump unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second configuration of a high-temperature stage heat pump unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third circuit configuration of the high-temperature stage heat pump unit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first circuit configuration of the low temperature stage heat pump unit of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the second branch of the low-temperature stage heat pump unit of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first compressor; 2. a first oil separator; 3. a first intermediate heat exchanger; 4. a first electronic expansion valve; 5. a second intermediate heat exchanger; 6. a second electronic expansion valve; 7. a third electronic expansion valve; 8. a first low temperature evaporator; 9. a second low temperature evaporator; 10. a second compressor; 11. a second oil separator; 12. a high temperature condenser; 13. a fourth electronic expansion valve; 14. a first high temperature evaporator; 15. a variable frequency fan; 16. a fifth electronic expansion valve; 17. a second high temperature evaporator; 18. and a sixth electronic expansion valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the unit for cold and hot matching for meat processing comprises a high-temperature-level heat pump unit, a low-temperature-level heat pump unit, a first intermediate heat exchanger 3, a scalding chamber, a cooling chamber, a quick-freezing chamber and a finished product chamber, wherein the high-temperature-level heat pump unit and the low-temperature-level heat pump unit pass through the first intermediate heat exchanger 3 and convert heat through the first intermediate heat exchanger 3, the high-temperature-level heat pump unit passes through the scalding chamber and the cooling chamber, and the low-temperature-level heat pump unit passes through the quick-freezing chamber and the finished product chamber.
As shown in fig. 2, 4, 5 and 6, the high-temperature stage heat pump unit includes a second compressor 10, a second oil separator 11, a high-temperature condenser 12, a fourth electronic expansion valve 13, a first high-temperature evaporator 14, a variable frequency fan 15, a fifth electronic expansion valve 16, a second high-temperature evaporator 17 and a sixth electronic expansion valve 18, wherein the refrigerant passes through the second compressor 10, the second oil separator 11 and the high-temperature condenser 12 in sequence and then is divided into three paths, the first path passes through the sixth electronic expansion valve 18 and the first intermediate heat exchanger 3 in sequence and then returns to the second compressor 10, the second path passes through the fourth electronic expansion valve 13 and the first high-temperature evaporator 14 in sequence and then returns to the second compressor 10, and the third path passes through the fifth electronic expansion valve 16 and the second high-temperature evaporator 17 in sequence and then returns to the second compressor 10.
As shown in fig. 3, 7 and 8, the low-temperature stage heat pump unit includes a first compressor 1, a first oil separator 2, a first electronic expansion valve 4, a second intermediate heat exchanger 5, a second electronic expansion valve 6, a third electronic expansion valve 7, a first low-temperature evaporator 8 and a second low-temperature evaporator 9, wherein a refrigerant passes through the first compressor 1, the first oil separator 2 and the first intermediate heat exchanger 3 in sequence and then is divided into two paths, a first path passes through the first electronic expansion valve 4, the second intermediate heat exchanger 5, the second electronic expansion valve 6 and the second low-temperature evaporator 9 in sequence and then returns to the first compressor 1, and a second path passes through the second intermediate heat exchanger 5, the third electronic expansion valve 7 and the first low-temperature evaporator 8 in sequence and then returns to the first compressor 1.
The first high-temperature evaporator 14 is arranged in the scalding room, the second high-temperature evaporator 17 is arranged in the cooling room, the first low-temperature evaporator 8 is arranged in the quick-freezing warehouse, and the second low-temperature evaporator 9 is arranged in the finished product warehouse.
Because all be the high temperature humid tropical air in the scalding workshop inside is provided with the dehumidification evaporimeter between scalding, after the dehumidification evaporimeter cooling dewatering, its peculiar smell is collected along with the drainage, provides dry air to the scalding workshop simultaneously. In order to meet the matching of the cold quantity and the heat quantity of the evaporation side and the condensation side of the high-temperature section, the dehumidification evaporator is a variable frequency fan 15.
The working principle is as follows: on one side of the low-temperature stage heat pump unit, a low-temperature refrigerant is compressed by a first compressor 1 and then enters a first intermediate heat exchanger 3, the condensed low-temperature refrigerant is divided into two paths, a first path of refrigerant is throttled by a first electronic expansion valve 4 and then is cooled in a second intermediate heat exchanger 5 to improve the supercooling degree of the second path of refrigerant, and then the first path of refrigerant enters a second electronic expansion valve 6 for secondary throttling and then enters a second low-temperature evaporator 9 to cool a finished product warehouse; the subcooled second path of refrigerant enters a second low-temperature evaporator 9 after being throttled by a third electronic expansion valve 7, and the temperature of the quick-freezing warehouse is reduced; since the refrigerant is a supercooled refrigerant, the superheat degree of the refrigerant at the outlet of the second low-temperature evaporator 9 is low.
The control method here is as follows: judging whether the difference value between the actual temperature of the finished product and the set temperature of the finished product is greater than the standard difference value, if the difference value between the actual temperature and the set temperature of the finished product is greater than or equal to the standard difference value, keeping the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 4 unchanged, and increasing the opening degree of the second electronic expansion valve 6; if the difference value between the actual temperature and the finished product set temperature is smaller than the standard difference value, the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 4 is kept unchanged, the opening degree of the second electronic expansion valve 6 is decreased, and after the opening degree of the second electronic expansion valve 6 is decreased to 180 steps, the difference value between the actual temperature of the finished product and the finished product set temperature is still smaller than the standard difference value, and the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 4 is decreased.
For the low temperature end, the evaporation temperature required by the quick freezing warehouse is different from that required by the finished product warehouse, and two independent throttling assemblies are usually adopted to control the flow of the refrigerant so as to reach different process temperatures; according to the invention, the second intermediate heat exchanger 5 is added, and for the refrigerant at the working procedure side of the finished product warehouse, the refrigerant is throttled by two times, and the quick-frozen refrigerant is subcooled by primary throttling, so that the refrigerating capacity of the unit volume flow of the quick-frozen refrigerant is improved, and the superheat degree of the quick-frozen refrigerant after passing through the evaporator is reduced; and the secondary throttling ensures that the evaporating temperatures of the finished product storage process and the quick-freezing process are kept consistent when the cold loads of the two processes are changed by adjusting the opening degrees of the two expansion valves, so that the system is kept stable.
On one side of the high-temperature-stage heat pump unit, high-temperature refrigerant enters a second oil component after being compressed by a second compressor 10, then enters a high-temperature condenser 12, the refrigerant after being cooled and condensed is divided into three paths, the first path is throttled by a sixth electronic expansion valve 18, enters a first intermediate heat exchanger 3 to absorb heat, and then returns to an air suction port of the second compressor 10; the second path enters a second high-temperature evaporator 17 after being throttled by a fifth electronic expansion valve 16, and the cooling room is cooled; the third path enters a first high-temperature evaporator 14 after being throttled by a fourth electronic expansion valve 13, absorbs the heat of high-temperature and high-humidity air from the scalding room, and finally returns to an air suction port of the second compressor 10.
The control method here is as follows: according to the superheat degree control at the outlet of the first high-temperature evaporator 14, after the step number of the fourth electronic expansion valve 13 is increased, the evaporation pressure of the first high-temperature evaporator 14 is continuously reduced, the superheat degree is also continuously reduced, the frequency of the variable-frequency fan 15 is increased, after the frequency is increased to a certain value, the evaporation pressure is not reduced any more, the step number of the fourth electronic expansion valve 13 is reduced, and the reduction action meets the set superheat degree range.
For the high temperature end, the high temperature end is a high temperature refrigerant, the invention takes R134a as an example, but not limited to this refrigerant, the condensation end provides hot water at 60 ℃ needed by the scalding room, the evaporation end provides cold energy at 4 ℃ of the environmental temperature of the cooling room, cold energy needed by dehumidification of the scalding room, and cold load needed by the low temperature end refrigerant condensation end.
In conclusion, by adopting the structure, the simultaneous requirements of the four processes on heat and cold in the meat processing process can be simultaneously met, so that the peculiar smell and dirty water in the scalding process can be collected, and the surrounding environment is not influenced; the system performs secondary throttling on the refrigerant required by the finished product inventory process side at the low-temperature end, and ensures that two low evaporation temperatures of the system are kept unchanged under different working conditions.
It is to be emphasized that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The unit for cold and heat matching for meat processing is characterized by comprising a high-temperature-level heat pump unit, a low-temperature-level heat pump unit, a first intermediate heat exchanger (3), a scalding chamber, a cooling chamber, a quick-freezing chamber and a finished product chamber, wherein the high-temperature-level heat pump unit and the low-temperature-level heat pump unit pass through the first intermediate heat exchanger (3) and convert heat through the first intermediate heat exchanger (3), the high-temperature-level heat pump unit passes through the scalding chamber and the cooling chamber, and the low-temperature-level heat pump unit passes through the quick-freezing chamber and the finished product chamber; the low-temperature stage heat pump unit comprises a first compressor (1), a first oil separator (2), a first electronic expansion valve (4), a second intermediate heat exchanger (5), a second electronic expansion valve (6), a third electronic expansion valve (7), a first low-temperature evaporator (8) and a second low-temperature evaporator (9), wherein a refrigerant sequentially passes through the first compressor (1), the first oil separator (2) and the first intermediate heat exchanger (3) and then is divided into two paths, a first branch sequentially passes through the first electronic expansion valve (4), the second intermediate heat exchanger (5), the second electronic expansion valve (6) and the second low-temperature evaporator (9) and then returns to the first compressor (1), a second branch sequentially passes through the second intermediate heat exchanger (5), the third electronic expansion valve (7) and the first low-temperature evaporator (8) and then returns to the first compressor (1), and different opening degrees of the first electronic expansion valve (4) and the second electronic expansion valve (6) are adjusted, when the cold load of the finished product warehouse process and the quick-freezing warehouse process is changed, the evaporating temperatures of the finished product warehouse process and the quick-freezing warehouse process are kept consistent; the high-temperature-stage heat pump unit comprises a second compressor (10), a second oil separator (11), a high-temperature condenser (12), a fourth electronic expansion valve (13), a first high-temperature evaporator (14), a fifth electronic expansion valve (16), a second high-temperature evaporator (17) and a sixth electronic expansion valve (18), wherein a refrigerant sequentially passes through the second compressor (10), the second oil separator (11) and the high-temperature condenser (12) and then is divided into three paths, the first path sequentially passes through the sixth electronic expansion valve (18) and the first intermediate heat exchanger (3) and then returns to the second compressor (10), the second path sequentially passes through the fourth electronic expansion valve (13) and the first high-temperature evaporator (14) and then returns to the second compressor (10), and the third path sequentially passes through the fifth electronic expansion valve (16) and the second high-temperature evaporator (17) and then returns to the second compressor (10); the first high-temperature evaporator (14) is arranged in the scalding room; the second high-temperature evaporator (17) is arranged in the cooling room; the first low-temperature evaporator (8) is arranged in the quick freezing warehouse; the second low-temperature evaporator (9) is arranged in the finished product warehouse.
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| CN202011215974.3A CN112325496B (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2020-11-04 | Cold and hot matching unit for meat processing and control method |
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| CN112325496B true CN112325496B (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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| CN113776220B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-09-09 | 清华大学 | Room air conditioner and control method thereof |
| CN114754430A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-15 | 新科环保科技有限公司 | Air-conditioning heat pump system for preparing high-temperature hot water at low ambient temperature |
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| JP2009300000A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-24 | Sharp Corp | Refrigerator-freezer and cooling storage |
| CN104110908A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-10-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Three-stage compression cascade circulation heat pump system and control method thereof |
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