CN112323715B - Pipe joint transportation method - Google Patents
Pipe joint transportation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112323715B CN112323715B CN202011239191.9A CN202011239191A CN112323715B CN 112323715 B CN112323715 B CN 112323715B CN 202011239191 A CN202011239191 A CN 202011239191A CN 112323715 B CN112323715 B CN 112323715B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/66—Tugs
- B63B35/68—Tugs for towing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/04—Navigable canals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pipe joint transportation method, which comprises the following steps: designing a transportation route, and setting a transportation channel in an actual water area according to the transportation route so as to ensure that the length of the transportation channel in a transverse water flow section is shortest; arranging a tide waiting area at the upstream of the transverse water flow section along the conveying direction of the pipe joint; arranging a plurality of tugboats in the port at the starting point of the transport channel, so that the tugboats are arranged on the periphery of the pipe joints and connected with the pipe joints; enabling the pipe joint to be driven out from the port under the action of the tugboat, then moving in the transport channel, monitoring the actual water flow speed V of the transverse water flow section in advance, if the actual water flow speed V exceeds the safe driving water flow speed V0, enabling the pipe joint to enter a tide waiting area to wait, otherwise, enabling the pipe joint to directly pass through the transverse water flow section to reach the terminal point; the pipe joints are stored in the tide zone by adopting a single-point mooring mode. The pipe joint transportation method can reasonably plan the use of the tugboat and safely transport the pipe joints to the designated positions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipe joint transportation, in particular to a pipe joint transportation method.
Background
The most important component structure of the submarine channel is a pipe joint, and a plurality of pipe joints are spliced to form the channel. After each pipe joint is manufactured and molded at a designated position on land, the pipe joint is launched to an installation position by a tugboat. When the common pipe joints are transported, the left and right sides of the pipe joints are provided with side tugboats to prop against the pipe joints, the front ends of the pipe joints are provided with front tugboats for dragging the pipe joints to move and steer in a river or sea, and the tail ends of the pipe joints are provided with tail tugboats to assist the pipe joints to be stable and steer.
The general starting point of the pipeline transportation route is inland, the end point is the sea surface with wide water area, the inland landform is complex, the pipeline transportation route is complex, particularly when crossing the river, the size of the pipeline is large, the length side face directly faces to water flow, the force of the water flow acting on the pipeline is very large, the requirement on a tug is very high, the tug needs to be additionally added to push the pipeline, the tug occupies very serious space, and the energy consumption is very large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the pipe joint transportation method can reasonably plan the use of a tugboat and safely transport the pipe joints to the designated positions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the pipe joint transportation method comprises the following steps:
s100, designing a transportation route according to a starting point and an end point of pipe joint transportation, and setting a transportation channel in an actual water area according to the transportation route to enable the length of the transportation channel in a transverse water flow section to be shortest;
step S200, arranging a tide waiting area on the upstream of the transverse water flow section along the conveying direction of the pipe joint;
step S300, arranging a plurality of tugboats in the port at the starting point of the transportation channel, and enabling the tugboats to be arranged on the periphery of the pipe joints and connected with the pipe joints;
step S400, enabling the pipe joint to be driven out of the port under the action of the tugboat, then moving in the transport channel, monitoring the actual water flow speed V of the transverse water flow section in advance, entering step S500 if the actual water flow speed V exceeds the safe driving water flow speed V0, and otherwise entering step S700;
step S500, fixing a mooring position in the tide-waiting area in advance, then transporting the pipe joints to the tide-waiting area by the tug boat, connecting the front ends of the pipe joints with the mooring position through mooring cables, and then removing all the tug boats;
step S600, when the monitored actual water flow speed V of the transverse water flow section is not more than the safe running water flow speed V0, the tug returns to the periphery of the pipe joint and is connected with the pipe joint, the mooring cable is removed, the tug moves the pipe joint out of the tidal zone and returns to the transportation channel to continue moving until the pipe joint moves to the terminal point;
step S700, the tug boat moves the pipe joint and penetrates the transverse water flow section until the pipe joint moves to the terminal point.
As a preferable scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, before the pipe joint moves out of the port, the tide stage of the water area where the transportation channel is located is selected, and the tide stage with the slower flow rate is selected to transport the pipe joint.
As an optimal scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, the transportation channel comprises a gentle section, a buffering section and a transverse water flow section, the length direction of the gentle section is consistent with the water flow direction of the water area, the buffering section is connected with the gentle section and the transverse water flow section, the buffering section and the water flow are in a first included angle, the transverse water flow section and the water flow are in a second included angle, the first included angle is smaller than the second included angle, and the second included angle is equal to 90 degrees.
As a preferred scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, the buffer section comprises a first buffer section and a second buffer section, one end of the first buffer section is connected with the gentle section, the other end of the first buffer section is connected with the second buffer section, one end, far away from the first buffer section, of the second buffer section is connected with the transverse water flow section, and the included angle between the first buffer section and the water flow is smaller than that between the second buffer section and the water flow.
As a preferable scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, the tide-waiting area is arranged at the junction of the first buffer section and the second buffer section.
As a preferable scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, the tug boat is divided into a side tug boat, a front tug boat and a tail tug boat, the side tug boats are arranged on two length sides of the pipe joint, the front tug boat is arranged at the front end of the pipe joint, and the tail tug boat is arranged at the tail end of the pipe joint.
As a preferable scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, after the transportation route is set, the transportation channel is cleared out of the water area according to the transportation route.
As a preferable scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, in the pipe joint transportation process, two emergency tugboats are respectively arranged on two sides of the pipe joint.
As a preferable scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, a yaw preset value is preset, and in the pipe joint transportation process, when the pipe joint exceeds the yaw preset value, deviation rectification operation is started.
As a preferable scheme of the pipe joint transportation method, during the transportation of the pipe joints, the pipe joints and positioning devices on the tugboat are started to perform positioning.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the contact area between the water flow of the transverse water flow section and the pipe joint is the largest, so if the water flow speed is overlarge, the impact force of the water flow born by the pipe joint is very large, the requirements on a tugboat are high, and the transportation difficulty is very large, therefore, a tide waiting area is arranged at the upstream of the transverse water flow section, when the water flow is overlarge, the pipe joint is parked in the tide waiting area to wait for the water flow to be reduced, then the pipe joint passes through the transverse water flow section at a lower water flow speed, the transportation difficulty of the pipe joint is reduced, and the safety of the transportation process is improved; through set up the mooring position in the tide area of waiting for to when the tube coupling is stopped and is put in the tide area of waiting for, pass through mooring rope with the width side of tube coupling and moor the position and be connected, when rivers impact the tube coupling, the tube coupling is the width side all the time just to rivers, the area of width side is less than the length side far away, consequently the power that bears on the tube coupling can be little a lot, need not reuse tug and withhold the tube coupling, in the time quantum of waiting for, can vacate the tug, on the one hand can be used in the position of other needs with the tug, on the other hand also can the energy can be saved.
Drawings
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transportation channel according to an embodiment of the present invention (arrows on the figure represent water flow directions).
Fig. 2 is an assembly schematic view of a pipe section and a tug according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the state of a pipe section in a tidal zone (arrows on the diagram represent water flow directions) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.
In the figure:
1. pipe joints; 2. a transport channel; 201. a transverse water flow section; 202. a flat section; 203. a buffer section; 2031. a first buffer section; 2032. a second buffer section; 3. a tidal zone; 4. a side tug; 5. a forward tug; 6. a tail tug; 7. a port; 8. mooring position; 9. mooring lines; 10. an offshore buoy; 11. an anchor block; 12. towing a cable; 13. provided is an emergency tug.
Detailed Description
Advantages and features of the present invention and methods of accomplishing the same will become apparent with reference to the following detailed description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various forms, which are provided only to complete the disclosure of the present invention and make those skilled in the art sufficiently understand the scope of the present invention, and the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals denote like constituent elements throughout the specification.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pipe joint transportation method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S100, designing a transportation route according to a starting point and an end point of the transportation of the pipe joint 1, and setting a transportation channel 2 in an actual water area according to the transportation route to enable the length of the transportation channel 2 in a transverse water flow section 201 to be shortest;
step S200, arranging a tide waiting area 3 upstream of the transverse water flow section 201 along the conveying direction of the pipe joint 1;
step S300, arranging a plurality of tugboats in the port 7 at the starting point of the transportation channel 2, and enabling the tugboats to be arranged on the periphery of the pipe joint 1 and connected with the pipe joint 1;
step S400, enabling the pipe joint 1 to be driven out from the port 7 under the action of the tugboat, then moving in the transportation channel 2, monitoring the actual water flow speed V of the transverse water flow section 201 in advance, if the actual water flow speed V exceeds the safe driving water flow speed V0, entering step S500, otherwise, entering step S700;
step S500, fixing a mooring position 8 in the tide-waiting area 3 in advance, then transporting the pipe joint 1 into the tide-waiting area 3 by the tug boat, connecting the front end of the pipe joint 1 with the mooring position 8 through a mooring cable 9, and then removing all the tug boats;
step S600, when the monitored actual water flow speed V of the transverse water flow section 201 is not more than the safe running water flow speed V0, the tug returns to the periphery of the pipe joint 1 and is connected with the pipe joint 1, the mooring cable 9 is removed, the tug enables the pipe joint 1 to move out of the tide waiting area 3 and return to the transportation channel 2 to continue moving until the pipe joint 1 moves to the terminal point;
step S700, the tug boat moves the pipe joint 1 and passes through the transverse water flow section 201 until the pipe joint 1 moves to the end point.
The pipe joint 1 is very large in size, which can generally reach dozens of meters wide and hundreds of meters long, when the pipe joint 1 passes through the transverse water flow section 201, the longest side face is opposite to water flow, and the contact area between the water flow of the transverse water flow section 201 and the pipe joint 1 is the largest, so that if the water flow speed is too large, the water flow impact force borne by the pipe joint 1 is very large, the requirement on a tugboat is high, and the transportation difficulty is very large, therefore, a tide waiting area 3 is arranged at the upstream of the transverse water flow section 201, when the water flow is too large, the pipe joint 1 is parked in the tide waiting area 3 to wait for the water flow to be reduced, then the pipe joint 1 passes through the transverse water flow section 201 at a lower water flow speed, the transportation difficulty of the pipe joint 1 is reduced, and the safety of the transportation process is improved; through set up mooring berth 8 in waiting for tide district 3 to when pipe joint 1 stops to waiting for tide district 3 in with the width side of pipe joint 1 pass through mooring rope 9 and be connected with mooring berth 8, when rivers impact pipe joint 1, pipe joint 1 is the width side just to rivers all the time, the area of width side is less than the length side far away, consequently pipe joint 1 is minimum area just to rivers all the time, the power that bears on pipe joint 1 can be little a lot, need not reuse tug and withstand pipe joint 1, in the time quantum of waiting, can vacate the tug, on the one hand can be used in the position of other needs with the tug, on the other hand also can the energy can be saved.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4 (some reference numerals are used in fig. 1 and fig. 2), the step S500 specifically includes the following steps:
step S510, installing a fixed mooring position 8 in the tide-waiting area 3 in advance;
step S520, one end of a mooring cable 9 is fixed on the mooring position 8, and the other end is tied on the offshore buoy 10;
step S530, transporting the pipe section 1 to the tide-waiting area 3, unfastening the mooring cable 9 on the offshore buoy 10, and then fixing the mooring cable 9 on the width side (i.e. one end in the length direction) of the pipe section 1;
step S540, arranging an anchor block 11 at the non-end position of the mooring rope 9, wherein the anchor block 11 can pull the mooring rope 9 to sink;
and S550, removing the tugs at the two ends of the pipe joint 1 in the length direction, and then symmetrically removing the tugs at the two sides of the pipe joint 1 in the width direction.
By arranging the anchor block 11, the mooring cable 9 is pulled to sink due to the fact that the anchor block 11 has a certain weight, the direction of the force of the mooring cable 9 acting on the mooring position 8 is changed, and the pulling force on the mooring position 8 is greatly reduced.
The tugs at both ends in the length direction of the pipe joint 1 (i.e., the width sides of the pipe joint 1) mainly have the effect of towing and steering, while the tugs at both sides in the width direction of the pipe joint 1 (i.e., the length sides of the pipe joint 1) mainly have the effect of butting against the pipe joint 1 to prevent the pipe joint 1 from deviating from the transportation channel 2 seriously, so that after the pipe joint 1 is moored, the tugs at both ends in the length direction of the pipe joint 1 are evacuated preferentially, and then the tugs at both sides in the width direction of the pipe joint 1 are evacuated. And the tugs on the two sides in the width direction are symmetrically evacuated, so that the tug which is evacuated from one side of the pipe joint 1 independently can avoid the violent collision on the unremoved tug, and the tug and the pipe joint 1 can not be damaged.
In addition, when the pipe joint 1 needs to be transported out of the tide zone 3, firstly, two sides of the pipe joint 1 in the width direction are sequentially supported by tugboats to fix the pipe joint 1, then the tugboats in the front-back direction of the pipe joint 1 are connected with the pipe joint 1, and preferably, the mooring ropes 9 on the pipe joint 1 are unfastened. When the pipe joint 1 is moored at a single point, the width side of the pipe joint 1 is impacted by water flow, so that the pipe joint 1 is not difficult to prop against by a tug from the length side, the impact force between the tug and the pipe joint 1 is reduced, and the safety is improved.
The tugboat comprises a side tugboat 4, a front tugboat 5 and a tail tugboat 6, wherein the side tugboat 4 is arranged on two length sides of the pipe joint 1, the front tugboat 5 is arranged at the front end of the pipe joint 1, and the tail tugboat 6 is arranged at the tail end of the pipe joint 1. The tugboat is arranged in four directions, so that the pipe joints 1 can be strictly moved according to the transportation channel 2 in the transportation process. Specifically, other tug 4 has four, every length side of tube coupling 1 all sets up two other tug 4, and two other tug 4 are adjacent to the both ends of the length direction of tube coupling 1 respectively, preceding tug 5 has two, two preceding tug 5 are respectively through two corners of towing rope 12 connection tube coupling 1, tail tug 6 has two, two tail tug 6 are respectively through two corners of towing rope 12 connection tube coupling 1, the steering adjustment of tube coupling 1 can be realized to this design, reduce the degree of difficulty of steering adjustment.
When the pipe section 1 advances under the action of lateral water flow: the side tug 4 mainly provides water flow resistance, the front tug 5 provides advancing power of the pipe joint 1, and the tail tug 6 serves as tail mooring pulling force; if necessary, the angle between the fore tug 5, the aft tug 6 and the pipe joint 1 is adjusted to provide additional lateral resistance.
When the pipe joint 1 advances parallel to the water flow direction: the forward tug 5 of the pipe joint 1 provides forward power and controls the forward direction of the pipe joint 1, the tail tug 6 serves as a tail mooring tug, and the side tug 4 provides forward power or water flow resistance and assists in controlling the forward direction according to actual conditions.
When the pipe section 1 is towed over a long distance, the lengths of the towing cables 12 of the front and tail tugs 5, 6 can be lengthened appropriately. When the towing formation turns, the lengths of the towing cables 12 of the front tug 5 and the tail tug 6 are shortened, the arrangement of the tugs is adjusted according to the water flow condition and the turning requirement, and the turning operation of the pipe joint 1 is completed.
In order to avoid the situation of insufficient dragging force or jacking force, two emergency tugs 13 are respectively arranged on two sides of the pipe joint 1. The emergency tug 13 moves along with the delivery of the pipe joint 1 and can cope with emergency situations. The position of the emergency tug 13 is not limited to the two sides of the pipe joint 1, and may be the two ends of the pipe joint 1 in the length direction, as long as the position of the normal transportation of the pipe joint 1 is not affected, and the position adjacent to the pipe joint 1 is all the way.
During towing, if the pipe joint 1 has large yaw, the motion track is usually corrected by the pushing and pulling action of the side tug 4. The pipe joint 1 and a sinking barge (not shown in the figure) below the pipe joint 1 generate transverse displacement when subjected to the environment at a certain towing speed, and if the tug formation is not corrected timely, the transverse displacement of the pipe joint 1 can be large, so that dangerous situations can occur. Therefore, the deviation of the sinking barge is required to be corrected in the towing process.
And taking 5m as a yaw preset value, namely starting to rectify the deviation when the pipe joint 1 and the sinking barge move by more than 5m, assuming that the side tug 4 reaches a preset deviation rectifying force after 40s of deviation rectification starting, and assuming that the deviation rectifying force linearly increases to reach a preset value in the period. The deviation rectifying response program of the pipe joint 1 is as follows: finding the yaw → the yaw value reaches the preset level → the rectification response → completing the rectification.
Preparation work is required before the pipe joint 1 is towed (i.e., transported), and the preparation work includes:
(1) selecting the optimal towage tide period of the pipe joint 1, namely selecting the tide period of the water area where the transportation channel 2 is located before the pipe joint 1 moves out of the port 7, and selecting the tide period with a slower flow rate to transport the pipe joint 1. The slower the flow rate, the lower the transport difficulty of the pipe joint 1 and the lower the risk factor, which is the most suitable time period for the transport of the pipe joint 1.
(2) And after the transportation route is set, cleaning the transportation route 2 in the water area according to the transportation route. Because the water area is not suitable for towing the pipe joints 1 at every position, for example, the width of some positions of a transportation route is narrow and needs to be widened, the water depth of a certain water area is shallow, sludge and the like need to be cleaned, the transportation route 2 suitable for towing is cleaned, and the safety is improved for towing the pipe joints 1.
(3) And arranging positioning devices on the pipe joint 1 and the tugboat, so that the pipe joint 1 and the positioning devices on the tugboat are started to position during the transportation of the pipe joint 1. The positioning device can transmit the whole navigation process of the pipe joint 1 back to the navigation workstation, and judge whether the navigation speed of the pipe joint 1 is proper, the navigation position is proper and the like at the moment according to the calculation of the navigation workstation.
Specifically, the tug adopts a GPS compass to carry out positioning and orientation, the pipe joint 1 adopts a GPS-RTK to carry out positioning and orientation, an INS inertial navigation system is used as assistance, and an OCTANS optical fiber compass provides attitude data.
According to different positioning precision requirements, a GPS compass is arranged on the tug boat, and the position, the bow direction and the course information of each tug boat are collected in real time; the method comprises the steps that GPS-RTK and inertial navigation equipment are installed on a pipe joint 1, data of a satellite and an RTK base station are received, position and course information of the pipe joint 1 with centimeter-level precision are obtained, the heading (namely the front end of the pipe joint 1) of the pipe joint 1 is calculated through a head and a tail GPS-RTK antennas, and attitude data of the pipe joint 1 are obtained through an OCTANS optical fiber compass.
The inertial navigation equipment can provide the real-time position of the pipe joint 1 when the GPS satellite signal is unlocked, and is used for supplementing and backing up GPS-RTK positioning; the OCTANS optical fiber compass is a measuring-grade optical fiber gyro compass motion sensor which only passes IMO authentication, can provide Heading (Heading), rolling (Roll) and pitching (Pitch) of the pipe joint 1, and monitors the posture of the pipe joint 1 in real time.
The pipe joints 1 and all the tugs are provided with wireless data chains, a construction local area network is established and used for transmitting the position, heading, speed and other information of the pipe joints 1 and the tugs, and the data of each tug is transmitted to a navigation positioning workstation of the pipe joints 1 and then is broadcasted in a centralized way, so that each tug and each command control unit can receive the position, heading and other information of other operation ships. According to different requirements on site, the navigation software can be adjusted to display information so as to facilitate the driving of the tugboat and the command of a control room. In addition, the remote display of the transportation positioning monitoring interface can be realized, so that personnel in a land office can also know the position and the posture of the pipe joint 1 in real time.
The positioning and arrangement process of the tugboat is as follows:
(1) before the pipe joint 1 is transported, a GPS compass navigation system is installed on the tugboat, a total station is used for carrying out ship bow direction calibration on the GPS compass, and calibration data are input into navigation software.
(2) And measuring the relative relation of key points such as the shape of the ship, the position of a GPS antenna, the position of a towing cable point and the like by using a total station or a GPS-RTK, drawing the shape of the towing ship, and inputting the drawn towing ship into system software.
(3) Loading various data such as a designed navigation channel, a planned sideline of a route, underwater topography and the like into navigation software as base maps; and drawing a transportation design route of each tug according to the transportation construction scheme of the pipe joint 1, inputting the route into navigation software, and guiding the tug to carry out floating and towing operation.
(4) And in the transportation process, displaying the position, the speed, the heading, the course, the offset design airway distance and other critical data of the tug in real time, and simultaneously loading the length of the towing cable 12, the positions, the distances and other information of other tugs and pipe joints 1 into a navigation interface according to the field command requirement so as to provide data support for the tug to advance in the transportation process.
The pipe joint 1 is positioned and arranged as follows:
(1) before the pipe joint 1 is transported, a GPS-RTK base station or an existing CORS base station is erected on a known land control point.
(2) And GPS-RTK mobile stations are arranged in front of and behind the pipe joint 1. And measuring the coordinates of the angular point 1 of each pipe joint and the coordinates of the GPS-RTK mobile station antenna by using a total station, drawing the shape of the pipe joint 1, calculating the offset of the GPS-RTK mobile station, and inputting the offset into navigation software.
(3) And installing the optical fiber compass on the pipe joint 1, and calibrating the bow installation error of the optical fiber compass by using a total station.
(4) And installing an inertial navigation system on the pipe joint 1, measuring the antenna offset, calibrating the heading installation error of the inertial navigation system by using a total station, and inputting the error into navigation software for later use.
(5) Loading various data such as a designed navigation channel, a planned sideline of a route, underwater topography and the like into navigation software as base maps; and drawing a transportation design route of the pipe joint 1 according to the transportation construction scheme of the pipe joint 1, inputting the route into navigation software, and guiding the transportation operation of the pipe joint 1.
(6) And in the transportation process, positioning and orientation of the pipe joint 1 are mainly carried out by using bow and tail GPS-RTK mobile station data. And displaying critical data such as the position, the speed, the ship heading, the course, the offset design airway distance and the like of the pipe joint 1 in real time, and simultaneously displaying the length of each tug towing cable 12 and the position of the tug according to the field command requirement, thereby providing data support for the tug command in the transportation process.
In an embodiment, the transportation channel 2 includes gentle section 202, buffer section 203 and horizontal rivers section 201, the length direction of gentle section 202 with the rivers direction in waters is unanimous, buffer section 203 connects gentle section 202 with horizontal rivers section 201, buffer section 203 with rivers are first contained angle, horizontal rivers section 201 with rivers are the second contained angle, first contained angle is less than the second contained angle, the second contained angle equals 90 degrees. By arranging the buffer section 203, the length of the transverse water flow section 201 can be reduced, and the operation of large-amplitude steering in the transportation process of the pipe joint 1 is reduced.
In this embodiment, the buffering section 203 includes a first buffering section 2031 and a second buffering section 2032, one end of the first buffering section 2031 is connected to the gentle section 202, the other end is connected to the second buffering section 2032, one end of the second buffering section 2032 far away from the first buffering section 2031 is connected to the transverse water flow section 201, wherein an included angle between the first buffering section 2031 and the water flow is smaller than an included angle between the second buffering section 2032 and the water flow. The buffer section 203 is divided into two sections with different angles, so that the steering angle of the pipe joint 1 in the transportation process can be further reduced, and the length of the transverse water flow section 201 can be shortened as much as possible, so that the transition from the gentle section 202 to the transverse water flow section 201 can be slow.
In one embodiment, the tidal zone 3 is disposed at the intersection of the first buffer segment 2031 and the second buffer segment 2032. Through setting up the juncture at two buffer segments with waiting for the tide district 3, this regional general waters is wide, and this position is changeed and is realized single point mooring, has sufficient region to satisfy the demand that pipe joint 1 swung according to the direction of rivers, reduce cost.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be fabricated in various forms, and those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the invention. It should therefore be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.
Claims (7)
1. A pipe joint transportation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, designing a transportation route according to a starting point and an end point of pipe joint transportation, and setting a transportation channel in an actual water area according to the transportation route to enable the length of the transportation channel in a transverse water flow section to be shortest;
step S200, arranging a tide waiting area at the upstream of the transverse water flow section along the conveying direction of the pipe joint;
step S300, arranging a plurality of tugboats in the port at the starting point of the transportation channel, and enabling the tugboats to be arranged on the periphery of the pipe joints and connected with the pipe joints;
step S400, enabling the pipe joint to be driven out of the port under the action of the tugboat, then moving in the transport channel, monitoring the actual water flow speed V of the transverse water flow section in advance, if the actual water flow speed V exceeds the safe driving water flow speed V0, entering step S500, otherwise, entering step S700;
step S500, fixing a mooring position in the tide waiting area in advance, then transporting the pipe joints into the tide waiting area by the tug, connecting the front ends of the pipe joints with the mooring position through mooring cables, and then withdrawing all the tug;
step S600, when the monitored actual water flow speed V of the transverse water flow section is not more than the safe running water flow speed V0, the tug returns to the periphery of the pipe joint and is connected with the pipe joint, the mooring cable is removed, the tug moves the pipe joint out of the tidal zone and returns to the transportation channel to continue moving until the pipe joint moves to the terminal point;
step S700, the tug boat enables the pipe joint to move and penetrate through the transverse water flow section until the pipe joint moves to a terminal point;
the transportation channel comprises a gentle section, a buffer section and the transverse water flow section, the length direction of the gentle section is consistent with the water flow direction of the water area, the buffer section is connected with the gentle section and the transverse water flow section, a first included angle is formed between the buffer section and the water flow, a second included angle is formed between the transverse water flow section and the water flow, the first included angle is smaller than the second included angle, and the second included angle is equal to 90 degrees;
the buffer section comprises a first buffer section and a second buffer section, one end of the first buffer section is connected with the gentle section, the other end of the first buffer section is connected with the second buffer section, one end of the second buffer section, far away from the first buffer section, is connected with the transverse water flow section, and the included angle between the first buffer section and the water flow is smaller than that between the second buffer section and the water flow;
the tide-waiting area is arranged at the junction of the first buffer section and the second buffer section.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tide of the water area in which the transport channel is located is selected before the pipe section is moved out of the port, and the tide with a slower flow rate is selected to transport the pipe section.
3. A pipe section transporting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tug boat is divided into a side tug boat, a front tug boat, and a tail tug boat, the side tug boat being disposed on both length sides of the pipe section, the front tug boat being disposed at a front end of the pipe section, and the tail tug boat being disposed at a tail end of the pipe section.
4. The pipe joint transportation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transportation channel is cleared out of the water area according to the transportation route after the transportation route is set.
5. A pipe section transportation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an emergency tug is respectively arranged on both sides of the pipe section during transportation of the pipe section.
6. The pipe joint transportation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a yaw preset value is preset, and a deviation rectifying operation is started when the pipe joint exceeds the yaw preset value during the pipe joint transportation.
7. A pipe section transportation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein during the transportation of the pipe section, the pipe section and positioning means on the tug are activated for positioning.
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| CN202011239191.9A CN112323715B (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2020-11-09 | Pipe joint transportation method |
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| CN113879464A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-04 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Narrow inland river immersed tube depositing method |
| CN116729575B (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2024-03-12 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Towing system for longitudinal movement of pipe joint |
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| CN105667727B (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2017-09-12 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | A kind of immersed tunnelling method tunnel cube transportation ship formation method |
| CN105604093A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-05-25 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Floating transportation construction method of immersed tube method tunnel pipe joint along foundation trench under high-flow-speed condition |
| CN105780811B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-10-02 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | A kind of immersed tunnelling method tunnel tube coupling suitable under big flow conditions reverses end for end construction method |
| CN105844363A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-10 | 河海大学 | Method of reducing oil jetty main channel passage costs |
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