CN112322839A - Method for blowing argon and degassing at bottom of intermediate frequency furnace - Google Patents
Method for blowing argon and degassing at bottom of intermediate frequency furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112322839A CN112322839A CN202011171202.4A CN202011171202A CN112322839A CN 112322839 A CN112322839 A CN 112322839A CN 202011171202 A CN202011171202 A CN 202011171202A CN 112322839 A CN112322839 A CN 112322839A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5241—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an inductively heated furnace
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace, which comprises the following steps: s1, intermediate frequency furnace preparation stage, S2, gas pipe connection, S3, metal smelting, S4, argon gas introduction, S5, harmful gas element removal, S6, gas content component detection, S7 and harmful gas element removal completion, the invention mainly comprises that a refractory air brick is arranged at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace, when the metal in the intermediate frequency furnace is smelted, the raw material is directly added into the intermediate frequency furnace without considering the content of nitrogen and hydrogen in the raw material, when the raw material is completely melted, the pneumatic pump is opened to introduce argon, the harmful gas elements in the molten steel are dissolved, when argon bubbles pass through, under the condition that the partial pressure of harmful gas in the argon bubbles is very low or even zero, harmful gas elements move towards the bubbles and finally float upwards along with the bubbles to be removed, the content of nitrogen and hydrogen in the raw materials is not considered to a certain extent, and the production cost of the casting is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intermediate frequency smelting, and particularly relates to an argon blowing and degassing method at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace.
Background
The intermediate frequency furnace mainly comprises a power supply, an induction coil and a crucible which is built by refractory materials in the induction coil, wherein metal furnace burden is filled in the crucible and is equivalent to a secondary winding of a transformer, when the induction coil is connected with an alternating current power supply, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the induction coil, magnetic lines of force cut the metal furnace burden in the crucible, induced electromotive force is generated in the furnace burden, the furnace burden forms a closed loop, the secondary winding is characterized in that only one turn is formed and closed, induced current is generated in the furnace burden at the same time, and when the induced current passes through the furnace burden, the furnace burden is heated to be molten.
However, in the prior art, when the intermediate frequency furnace is used for smelting, harmful gas elements such as nitrogen and hydrogen contained in raw materials can be directly brought into the finished products, so that blue brittleness and hydrogen brittleness are easily caused, raw materials with components meeting requirements need to be selected in the traditional intermediate frequency furnace smelting process, and the production cost of castings is increased.
Therefore, a method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace is provided to solve the problems in the prior art and reduce the production cost of castings to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, when the intermediate frequency furnace is used for smelting, harmful gas elements such as nitrogen, hydrogen and the like contained in raw materials can be directly brought into finished products, so that blue brittleness and hydrogen brittleness are easily caused, raw materials with components meeting requirements need to be selected in the traditional intermediate frequency furnace smelting process, and the production cost of castings is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, in the preparation stage of the intermediate frequency furnace, installing a refractory air brick at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace, and hermetically connecting the top of the refractory air brick with the bottom of a crucible of the intermediate frequency furnace;
s2, connecting an air pipe, wherein one end of the air guide pipe is hermetically connected with the bottom of the refractory air brick in the S1, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with an argon tank through a pneumatic pump;
s3, smelting metal, namely putting the raw materials to be smelted into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the raw materials until the raw materials are completely melted;
s4, introducing argon, opening a pneumatic pump after the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are completely melted, pressurizing and introducing the argon to the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace by a method of increasing air pressure, wherein the air pressure is adjusted according to the amount of the raw material mixture, so that the argon passes through the refractory air brick and enters the intermediate frequency furnace, meanwhile, the molten metal does not splash, and then stirring by using a stirring assembly;
s5, removing harmful gas elements, namely continuously performing the step 4 according to the condition that the time for introducing argon gas is 5-10min per ton of raw materials, wherein the inert gas argon gas is from bottom to top, the harmful gas in the molten liquid is diffused and fused towards bubbles due to low partial pressure in the argon bubbles and floats upwards until the harmful gas is separated from the molten metal, and the floating harmful gas elements are collected and purified through a gas purification device;
s6, detecting gas content components, after argon is introduced, sampling and detecting the molten metal in the intermediate frequency furnace, detecting the gas content components in the sample by using a spectrum analyzer, and controlling harmful gas in a required range according to the requirement of the grade of the production steel;
and S7, removing harmful gas elements, according to the expected target value of the corresponding steel grade, closing the pneumatic pump until the content of the dissolved gas in the molten steel reaches the expected target value, and removing the argon tank to finish the removal of the harmful gas elements in the molten metal.
Preferably, the refractory gas permeable bricks in the step 1 are used for blocking molten metal in the intermediate frequency furnace from flowing out from the bottom, and simultaneously gas can enter the molten metal from the bottom, the number of the used gas guide tubes is not less than eight, one ends of the eight gas guide tubes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the refractory gas permeable bricks, and the other ends of the eight gas guide tubes are communicated with a gas outlet of a pneumatic pump.
Preferably, the air pressure pump in step 2 is provided with an air pressure regulating valve and a flow meter, the air pressure regulating valve is electrically connected with the flow meter, and the regulating range of the air pressure regulating valve is 101.3kPa-202.6 kPa.
Preferably, the humidity of the raw material heating in the step 3 is controlled to be 1550-1620 ℃, and the raw material is added into the intermediate frequency furnace, so that the bridging phenomenon is prevented according to the principle of adding less frequently.
Preferably, the specific stirring energy of the stirring assembly in the step 4 is proportional to the gas flow of argon gas blown from the bottom of the crucible at a certain crucible depth, namely:
in the formula: beta is specific stirring energy, unit W/t, Q is gas flow, unit m3And/min, H is the depth of the crucible and the unit m, T is the humidity of the crucible and the unit K, W is the weight of the molten steel and the unit T, and the value range of the specific stirring energy is 0-300W/T.
Preferably, in the step 4, when the argon gas passes through the refractory gas permeable bricks, the argon gas is introduced in a multi-point introduction mode, and the argon gas is introduced from different positions at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace at the same time, so that the efficiency of removing harmful gas elements is improved.
Preferably, the harmful gas elements in step 5 are nitrogen and hydrogen, and by utilizing the extremely active characteristic of nitrogen and hydrogen in a high-temperature environment, the harmful gas diffuses and fuses towards the bubbles and floats upwards until being separated from the molten metal through the low partial pressure in the argon bubbles moving from bottom to top.
Preferably, when the content of the gas components in the metal liquid sampled and detected in the step 6 exceeds the harmful gas control range of the corresponding steel grade, argon is continuously introduced, the content of the harmful gas components is sampled and detected again after the introduction time is 5-10min, and the introduction of argon is stopped until the content of the harmful gas is within the harmful gas control range of the corresponding steel grade.
Preferably, the steel type in the step 7 comprises carbon steel and alloy steel, and the expected target value of harmful gas of the carbon steel is as follows: hydrogen 3 x 10-4％-5*10-4% nitrogen 20 x 10-4％-40*10-4Percent, the expected target value of harmful gas of the alloy steel is as follows: hydrogen less than 1 x 10-4% nitrogen 3 x 10-4％-5*10-4％。
Compared with the prior art, the method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace has the following advantages:
the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace is mainly provided with a refractory air brick, the lower end of the air brick is connected with an air guide pipe, one end of the air guide pipe is hermetically connected with the refractory air brick, the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with an argon tank through a pneumatic pump, when the intermediate frequency furnace is used for metal smelting, the raw materials are directly added into the intermediate frequency furnace without considering the content of nitrogen and hydrogen in the raw materials, when the raw materials are completely melted, the pneumatic pump is opened to introduce argon, and harmful gas elements in molten steel are dissolved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for degassing by blowing argon from the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace, which comprises the following steps:
s1, in the preparation stage of the intermediate frequency furnace, installing a refractory air brick at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace, and hermetically connecting the top of the refractory air brick with the bottom of a crucible of the intermediate frequency furnace;
s2, connecting an air pipe, wherein one end of the air guide pipe is hermetically connected with the bottom of the refractory air brick in the S1, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with an argon tank through a pneumatic pump;
s3, smelting metal, namely putting the raw materials to be smelted into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the raw materials until the raw materials are completely melted;
s4, introducing argon, opening a pneumatic pump after the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are completely melted, pressurizing and introducing the argon to the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace by a method of increasing air pressure, wherein the air pressure is adjusted according to the amount of the raw material mixture, so that the argon passes through the refractory air brick and enters the intermediate frequency furnace, meanwhile, the molten metal does not splash, and then stirring by using a stirring assembly;
s5, removing harmful gas elements, namely continuously performing the step 4 according to the condition that the time for introducing argon gas is 5-10min per ton of raw materials, wherein the inert gas argon gas is from bottom to top, the harmful gas in the molten liquid is diffused and fused towards bubbles due to low partial pressure in the argon bubbles and floats upwards until the harmful gas is separated from the molten metal, and the floating harmful gas elements are collected and purified through a gas purification device;
s6, detecting gas content components, sampling and detecting the molten metal in the intermediate frequency furnace after corresponding inflation time, detecting the gas content components in the sample by using a spectrum analyzer, and controlling harmful gas in a required range according to the requirements of the grade of the production steel;
s7, removing harmful gas elements, according to the expected target value of the corresponding steel grade, closing the pneumatic pump until the content of the dissolved gas in the molten steel reaches the expected target value, and removing the argon tank, namely removing the harmful gas elements in the molten metal;
the refractory gas permeable brick in the step 1 is used for preventing molten metal in the intermediate frequency furnace from flowing out from the bottom, and simultaneously enabling gas to enter the molten metal from the bottom, the refractory gas permeable brick is hermetically connected with the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace so as to avoid overflow of molten metal from a side edge connection part of the refractory gas permeable brick, the number of the used gas guide tubes is not less than eight, one ends of the eight gas guide tubes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the refractory gas permeable brick, the other ends of the eight gas guide tubes are communicated with a gas outlet of a pneumatic pump, argon gas enters the molten metal through the gas guide tubes in a multi-point mode, and the removal efficiency of harmful gas is;
the pressure pump in the step 2 is provided with a pressure regulating valve and a flowmeter, the pressure regulating valve is electrically connected with the flowmeter, the regulating range of the pressure regulating valve is 101.3kPa-202.6kPa, the pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the pressure when argon is introduced according to the actual production requirement so as to regulate the flow of introduced argon, and the flowmeter is used for monitoring the flow of introduced argon so as to be capable of timely regulating through the pressure regulating valve when the flow is abnormal;
the humidity of raw material heating in the step 3 is controlled to be 1550-1620 ℃, and when the raw material is added into the intermediate frequency furnace, the principle of adding less service is followed, so that the bridging phenomenon is prevented, and the waste of ore raw materials caused by overflow of molten liquid in the melting and stirring process due to excessive addition of the raw material is avoided;
wherein, the specific stirring energy of the stirring component in the step 4 is in direct proportion to the gas flow of argon gas blown from the bottom under a certain crucible depth, namely:
in the formula: beta is specific stirring energy, unit W/t, Q is gas flow, unit m3H is crucible depth and unit m, T is crucible humidity and unit K, W is molten steel weight and unit T, and the value range of specific stirring energy is 0-300W/T;
in the step 4, argon is introduced in a multi-point introduction mode when passing through the refractory air brick, and is used for introducing from different positions at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace at the same time, so that the efficiency of removing harmful gas elements is improved;
the harmful gas elements in the step 5 are nitrogen and hydrogen, by utilizing the extremely active characteristic of the nitrogen and the hydrogen in a high-temperature environment, the partial pressure of bubbles moving from bottom to top is low, the harmful gas diffuses, fuses and floats towards the bubbles until the harmful gas is separated from the molten metal, the argon enters the molten metal to generate bubbles by utilizing the physical characteristic during gas fusion, the bubbles and the nitrogen or the hydrogen in the solution are fused into large bubbles, and the large bubbles are taken out of the molten metal by upward force, so that the aim of removing the nitrogen and the hydrogen in the molten metal is fulfilled;
wherein, when the content of the gas components in the metal liquid sampled and detected in the step 6 exceeds the harmful gas control range of the corresponding steel grade, argon is continuously introduced, the content of the harmful gas components is sampled and detected again after the introduction time is 5-10min, and the introduction of the argon is stopped until the content of the harmful gas is within the harmful gas control range of the corresponding steel grade;
wherein, the steel type in step 7 comprises carbon steel and alloy steel, and the expected target value of harmful gas in the carbon steel is as follows: hydrogen 3 x 10-4％-5*10-4% nitrogen 20 x 10-4％-40*10-4Percent, the expected target value of harmful gas of the alloy steel is as follows: hydrogen less than 1 x 10-4% nitrogen 3 x 10-4％-5*10-4％。
The working principle is as follows: be provided with fire-resistant air brick in the bottom of intermediate frequency furnace, the air duct is connected to the lower extreme of air brick, the one end and the fire-resistant air brick sealing connection of air duct, the other end of air duct passes through pneumatic pump and argon gas jar intercommunication, when intermediate frequency furnace metal smelting, the content of nitrogen and hydrogen in the raw and other materials need not be considered directly adds the intermediate frequency furnace with raw and other materials, open the pneumatic pump and let in argon gas when waiting for the raw and other materials complete melting, dissolve the harmful gas element in the molten steel, when the argon gas bubble passes through, under the condition that harmful gas partial pressure is very low or even for zero in the argon gas bubble, harmful gas element removes to the bubble along with the bubble is gone up together at last, make raw and other materials need not consider the content of nitrogen and hydrogen in the raw and other materials to.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, in the preparation stage of the intermediate frequency furnace, installing a refractory air brick at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace, and hermetically connecting the top of the refractory air brick with the bottom of a crucible of the intermediate frequency furnace;
s2, connecting an air pipe, wherein one end of the air guide pipe is hermetically connected with the bottom of the refractory air brick in the S1, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with an argon tank through a pneumatic pump;
s3, smelting metal, namely putting the raw materials to be smelted into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the raw materials until the raw materials are completely melted;
s4, introducing argon, opening a pneumatic pump after the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are completely melted, pressurizing and introducing the argon to the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace by a method of increasing air pressure, wherein the air pressure is adjusted according to the amount of the raw material mixture, so that the argon passes through the refractory air brick and enters the intermediate frequency furnace, meanwhile, the molten metal does not splash, and then stirring by using a stirring assembly;
s5, removing harmful gas elements, namely continuously performing the step 4 according to the condition that the time for introducing argon gas is 5-10min per ton of raw materials, wherein the inert gas argon gas is from bottom to top, the harmful gas in the molten liquid is diffused and fused towards bubbles due to low partial pressure in the argon bubbles and floats upwards until the harmful gas is separated from the molten metal, and the floating harmful gas elements are collected and purified through a gas purification device;
s6, detecting gas content components, after argon is introduced, sampling and detecting the molten metal in the intermediate frequency furnace, detecting the gas content components in the sample by using a spectrum analyzer, and controlling harmful gas in a required range according to the requirement of the grade of the production steel;
and S7, removing harmful gas elements, according to the expected target value of the corresponding steel grade, closing the pneumatic pump until the content of the dissolved gas in the molten steel reaches the expected target value, and removing the argon tank to finish the removal of the harmful gas elements in the molten metal.
2. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the refractory air brick in the step 1 is used for preventing molten metal in the intermediate frequency furnace from flowing out from the bottom, and simultaneously enabling gas to enter the molten metal from the bottom, the number of the used gas guide tubes is not less than eight, one ends of the eight gas guide tubes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the refractory air brick, and the other ends of the eight gas guide tubes are communicated with a gas outlet of a pneumatic pump.
3. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 2, arranging an air pressure regulating valve and a flowmeter on the air pressure pump, wherein the air pressure regulating valve is electrically connected with the flowmeter, and the regulating range of the air pressure regulating valve is 101.3kPa-202.6 kPa.
4. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the humidity of raw material heating in the step 3 is controlled at 1550-1620 ℃, and the raw material is added into the intermediate frequency furnace according to the principle of less loading and loading, so that the bridging phenomenon is prevented.
5. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, the specific stirring energy of the stirring assembly is in direct proportion to the gas flow of argon blown from the bottom under a certain crucible depth, namely:
in the formula: beta is specific stirring energy, unit W/t, Q is gas flow, unit m3And/min, H is the depth of the crucible and the unit m, T is the humidity of the crucible and the unit K, W is the weight of the molten steel and the unit T, and the value range of the specific stirring energy is 0-300W/T.
6. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4, when the argon passes through the refractory air brick, introducing the argon in a multi-point introducing mode, and introducing the argon from different positions at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace at the same time to accelerate the removal efficiency of harmful gas elements.
7. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 5, taking advantage of the extremely active characteristics of the nitrogen and the hydrogen in the high-temperature environment, diffusing and fusing the harmful gas towards the bubbles and floating up until the harmful gas is separated from the molten metal by virtue of the low partial pressure of the argon bubbles moving from bottom to top.
8. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 6, when the content of the gas components in the metal liquid sampled and detected in the step 6 exceeds the harmful gas control range of the corresponding steel grade, continuously introducing argon, sampling again to detect the content of the harmful gas components after the introduction time is 5-10min, and stopping introducing the argon until the content of the harmful gas is within the harmful gas control range of the corresponding steel grade.
9. The method for blowing argon and degassing at the bottom of an intermediate frequency furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steel type in the step 7 comprises carbon steel and alloy steel, and the expected target value of harmful gas of the carbon steel is as follows: hydrogen 3 x 10-4％-5*10-4% nitrogen 20 x 10-4％-40*10-4% harmful gas of alloy steelThe expected target values are: hydrogen less than 1 x 10-4% nitrogen 3 x 10-4％-5*10-4％。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115807174A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-17 | 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 | Large-tonnage light alloy melt real-time purification method and system |
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| CN115807174B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2024-04-12 | 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 | Large-tonnage light alloy melt real-time purification method |
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