CN112321243A - Underwater concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Underwater concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112321243A CN112321243A CN202011062220.9A CN202011062220A CN112321243A CN 112321243 A CN112321243 A CN 112321243A CN 202011062220 A CN202011062220 A CN 202011062220A CN 112321243 A CN112321243 A CN 112321243A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/24—Sea water resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/74—Underwater applications
Abstract
The application discloses concrete under water belongs to concrete technical field, and its technical scheme is as follows: the underwater concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of broken stone, 3-10 parts of fine aggregate, 20-25 parts of machine-made sand, 6-20 parts of cement, 0.1-0.6 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.05-0.2 part of sodium fluosilicate, 0.01-0.05 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.03-0.1 part of diethanolamine and 0.05-0.1 part of xanthan gum.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to underwater concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete mixed on land and poured and hardened in water is called as underwater concrete, and is also called as conduit concrete, and the construction is that the concrete is poured through a vertical pipe by means of the self weight of the concrete. The method is suitable for underwater or underground engineering such as pouring cofferdams, caisson foundations, open caisson foundations, underground continuous walls, pile foundations and the like. The concrete slowly flows out from the bottom end of the pipe and is distributed to the periphery in an expanding way, and disturbance caused by surrounding water flow is reduced as much as possible, so that the quality is ensured.
The conventional conduit construction method needs to remove the conduit after cement is solidified, the cement is solidified for a long time, so that the construction time is very long, the construction time can be influenced by water flow or different water qualities, particularly, the influence is obvious when the construction is carried out in the environment with high saline-alkali property such as seawater, the existing underwater concrete has more hardened unqualified concrete generated in the construction process of a seawater coast or a reef, the unqualified concrete generally needs to be removed after the construction to prevent the seawater pollution, and the raw materials and the labor cost are extremely wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an underwater concrete having an effect of rapid solidification in seawater. Meanwhile, the application also provides a construction method of the underwater concrete.
The technical problem solved by the application is realized through the following technical scheme:
the underwater concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
35-45 parts of macadam
3-10 parts of fine aggregate
20-25 parts of machine-made sand
6-20 parts of cement
0.1-0.6 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.05 to 0.2 portion of sodium fluosilicate
0.01 to 0.05 portion of aluminum fluoride
0.03-0.1 part of diethanolamine
0.05-0.1 part of xanthan gum.
By adding the following flocculating agents in the formula: the selection of sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanolamine and xanthan gum can obviously accelerate the setting time, and simultaneously, the raw materials such as aggregate, cement, water reducing agent and the like in the formula are screened, so that the prepared underwater concrete can meet the strength required by the concrete in seawater and has the rapid setting performance. When the concrete is constructed in seawater, the loss rate of the concrete and the construction time are reduced.
Further, the underwater concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 portions of macadam
Fine aggregate 7 parts
22 portions of machine-made sand
14 portions of cement
0.4 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.01 part of sodium fluosilicate
0.03 portion of aluminum fluoride
0.07 part of diethanol amine
0.07 part of xanthan gum.
The dosage of the concrete raw material with short flocculation time is obtained by screening the content of each component in the raw material for preparing the concrete.
Further, the cement is a mixture of iron aluminate cement and portland cement.
Further, the weight ratio of the ferro-aluminate cement to the silicate cement is 1: 1.
The iron aluminate cement has the characteristics of high hardening speed, early strength, high strength, strong corrosion resistance and good durability, but has higher cost, and the prepared concrete has the strength required by meeting the condensation speed of underwater construction and seawater impact by matching with common portland cement, and simultaneously can reduce the cost of raw materials.
Furthermore, the crushed stone is in 5-31.5mm continuous gradation.
Further, the fine aggregate is: 1-2 parts of fly ash, 1-4 parts of silica fume and 1-4 parts of zeolite powder.
The fine aggregate is selected, so that the effect of accelerating the setting speed of the concrete can be achieved.
Further, the machine-made sand is limestone machine-made sand.
Through the selection of cement, broken stones, fine aggregate and machine-made sand in the concrete, the raw materials and the specific dosage in the concrete formula which can meet the performance requirement of the underwater concrete for seawater and can be quickly condensed are screened out.
Further, the preparation method of the underwater concrete comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanolamine and xanthan gum into 10 times of water for dissolving, then adding 4-10 parts of water, uniformly mixing, pouring into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the finished product.
By optimizing the preparation method of the concrete, the prepared concrete has stable performance by respectively mixing the flocculating agent and the rest of components and then mixing, thereby screening out a concrete formula with lower loss rate and shorter setting time.
Meanwhile, the application also provides a preparation method of the underwater concrete, which comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanolamine and xanthan gum into 10 times of water for dissolving, then adding 4-10 parts of water, uniformly mixing, pouring into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the finished product.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:
firstly, the underwater concrete with short setting time and low loss rate is provided by screening various raw materials used in the preparation process of the underwater concrete, such as screening components of aggregate, cement and a flocculating agent, so that the requirement of rapid construction in seawater is met. The application provides an underwater concrete can satisfy the quick construction requirement of coast and fort reef completely.
Secondly, the raw materials used in the method have wide sources, the preparation process is simple, the performance is stable, and the method can be completely used for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40kg of crushed stone
1kg of fly ash
Silica fume 3kg
Zeolite powder 3kg
Machine-made sand 22kg
Ferro-aluminate cement 7kg
Portland cement 7kg
0.4kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.01kg of sodium fluosilicate
0.03kg of aluminum fluoride
Diethanolamine 0.07kg
0.07kg of xanthan gum;
weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding 10 times of water into the sodium fluosilicate, the aluminum fluoride, the diethanolamine and the xanthan gum for dissolving, then adding the mixture into 7kg of water, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-performance high-temperature resistant high-.
Example 2
Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
35kg of crushed stone
1kg of fly ash
Silica fume 1kg
Zeolite powder 1k
20kg of machine-made sand
3kg of ferro-aluminate cement
Portland cement 3kg
0.1kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.05kg of sodium fluosilicate
0.01kg of aluminum fluoride
Diethanolamine 0.03kg
0.05kg of xanthan gum;
weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding 10 times of water into the sodium fluosilicate, the aluminum fluoride, the diethanolamine and the xanthan gum for dissolving, then adding the mixture into 4kg of water, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-performance high-temperature resistant high-.
Example 3
Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
crushed stone 45kg
2kg of fly ash
Silica fume 4kg
Zeolite powder 4k
Mechanism sand 25kg
10kg of ferro-aluminate cement
Portland cement 10kg
0.6kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.2kg of sodium fluosilicate
0.05kg of aluminum fluoride
Diethanolamine 0.1kg
0.1kg of xanthan gum;
weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding 10 times of sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanol amine and xanthan gum into water for dissolving, then adding 10kg of water, uniformly mixing, pouring into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-performance high-temperature resistant high-.
Example 4
Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
38kg of crushed stone
1kg of fly ash
Silica fume 3kg
Zeolite powder 3k
24kg of machine-made sand
9kg of ferro-aluminate cement
Portland cement 9kg
0.4kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.15kg of sodium fluosilicate
0.03kg of aluminum fluoride
Diethanolamine 0.05kg
0.09kg of xanthan gum;
weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding 10 times of water into the sodium fluosilicate, the aluminum fluoride, the diethanolamine and the xanthan gum for dissolving, then adding the mixture into 8kg of water, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-performance high-temperature resistant high-.
Example 5
Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
42kg of crushed stone
1kg of fly ash
Silica fume 3kg
Zeolite powder 2k
Machine-made sand 22kg
Ferro-aluminate cement 5kg
Portland cement 5kg
0.5kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.12kg of sodium fluosilicate
0.03kg of aluminum fluoride
Diethanolamine 0.06kg
0.07kg of xanthan gum;
weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding 10 times of water into the sodium fluosilicate, the aluminum fluoride, the diethanolamine and the xanthan gum for dissolving, then adding the mixture into 9kg of water, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-performance high-temperature resistant high-.
Example 6
Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
38kg of crushed stone
1kg of fly ash
2kg of silica fume
Zeolite powder 3k
Machine-made sand 21kg
6kg of ferro-aluminate cement
Portland cement 6kg
0.4kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.15kg of sodium fluosilicate
0.04kg of aluminum fluoride
Diethanolamine 0.06kg
0.06kg of xanthan gum;
weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding 10 times of water into the sodium fluosilicate, the aluminum fluoride, the diethanolamine and the xanthan gum for dissolving, then adding the mixture into 8kg of water, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-performance high-temperature resistant high-.
Comparative example 1
The fine aggregate was replaced with the same amount of sand, and the other examples were the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 2
The fine aggregate was replaced with fly ash in the same amount as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The fine aggregate was replaced with silica fume in the same amount as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The cement was replaced with an equal amount of portland cement, and the other examples were the same as example 1.
Comparative example 5
The flocculating agents of sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanolamine and xanthan gum are replaced by carboxymethyl cellulose with the same quantity, and the other steps are the same as the step 1.
Comparative example 6
The flocculating agents of sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanolamine and xanthan gum are replaced by ferric polysilicate sulfate in equal amount, and the other steps are the same as those in example 1.
Effect test
The initial setting time and the cement loss were measured as follows, and the loss was measured according to the standard DL/T5117-2000:
| loss Rate (%) | Initial setting time (minutes) | |
| Example 1 | 0.312 | 16 |
| Example 2 | 0.322 | 21 |
| Example 3 | 0.346 | 23 |
| Example 4 | 0.328 | 18 |
| Example 5 | 0.319 | 19 |
| Example 6 | 0.317 | 17 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.686 | 120 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.597 | 118 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.589 | 113 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.698 | 59 |
| Comparative example 5 | 1.233 | 156 |
| Comparative example 6 | 1.389 | 168 |
From the above experimental data, it can be seen that the loss rate of the underwater concrete prepared by the present application is significantly less than that in the comparative example, and at the same time, the initial setting time is also significantly less than that in the comparative example. The selection and the dosage of the fine aggregate and the cement are illustrated, and the interaction between the fine aggregate and the cement and the coarse aggregate and the water reducing agent in the concrete is realized by adding a proper flocculating agent, so that the loss rate and the coagulation speed of the concrete can be obviously improved, the loss rate is less during construction in seawater, and the concrete can be rapidly coagulated, thereby obviously reducing the construction time, reducing the concrete loss rate, and saving the raw material cost and the labor cost.
The strength of the concrete of examples 1 to 6 was measured: the concrete is carried out according to the regulation in the Standard of test methods for mechanical Properties of ordinary concrete (GB/T50081-2002).
From the data, the types of the fine aggregate and the cement and the flocculating agent have obvious influence on the strength of the concrete, and the strength of the concrete prepared by the method is obviously higher than that of the concrete prepared by the comparison documents 1-6. Simultaneously, the intensity of the concrete under water of this application preparation can reach more than C60, can satisfy the concrete construction requirement of coast, fort reef completely.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. An underwater concrete: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
35-45 parts of macadam
3-10 parts of fine aggregate
20-25 parts of machine-made sand
6-20 parts of cement
0.1-0.6 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.05 to 0.2 portion of sodium fluosilicate
0.01 to 0.05 portion of aluminum fluoride
0.03-0.1 part of diethanolamine
0.05-0.1 part of xanthan gum.
2. The underwater concrete of claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 portions of macadam
Fine aggregate 7 parts
22 portions of machine-made sand
14 portions of cement
0.4 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent
0.01 part of sodium fluosilicate
0.03 portion of aluminum fluoride
0.07 part of diethanol amine
0.07 part of xanthan gum.
3. An underwater concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cement is a mixture of an aluminoferrite cement and a portland cement.
4. Underwater concrete according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the ferro-aluminate cement to the portland cement is 1: 1.
5. An underwater concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushed stone is of 5-31.5mm continuous gradation.
6. An underwater concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fine aggregate is: 1-2 parts of fly ash, 1-4 parts of silica fume and 1-4 parts of zeolite powder.
7. An underwater concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the machine-made sand is limestone-based machine-made sand.
8. The underwater concrete of any one of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the underwater concrete comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanolamine and xanthan gum into 10 times of water for dissolving, then adding 4-10 parts of water, uniformly mixing, pouring into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the finished product.
9. A method for preparing the underwater concrete of any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight, pouring broken stone, fine aggregate, machine-made sand, cement and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain mixed aggregate; and adding sodium fluosilicate, aluminum fluoride, diethanolamine and xanthan gum into 10 times of water for dissolving, then adding 4-10 parts of water, uniformly mixing, pouring into the mixed aggregate in stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the finished product.
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| CN202011062220.9A CN112321243A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Underwater concrete and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113135691A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-20 | 珠海色萨利健康石材有限公司 | Environment-friendly artificial stone and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113135691A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-20 | 珠海色萨利健康石材有限公司 | Environment-friendly artificial stone and preparation method thereof |
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