CN112319732B - Lower floating body carrying method - Google Patents
Lower floating body carrying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112319732B CN112319732B CN202011422029.0A CN202011422029A CN112319732B CN 112319732 B CN112319732 B CN 112319732B CN 202011422029 A CN202011422029 A CN 202011422029A CN 112319732 B CN112319732 B CN 112319732B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
Abstract
The invention discloses a lower floating body carrying method, and relates to the technical field of ocean platforms. The method comprises the steps of preparation before folding the lower floating body section, dock folding preparation and folding of each section of the lower floating body; each segment closure of the lower floating body comprises a middle total segment closure and a fore-aft segment closure; the middle total section folding comprises the folding of a reference total section and the folding of a non-reference total section, the fore-and-aft section folding comprises the folding of a stern section and the folding of a bow section, the middle reference total section is used as a positioning section, the cross center line of the surrounding well barrel is used as a reference, the middle total section folding is sequentially folded according to the sequence, and after the large circular seams of the sections are welded, the next section is welded, so that the folding positioning precision and the welding finishing precision are ensured to meet the precision control requirement. The invention has the advantages that: the preparation before the lower floating body is segmented to be folded and the dock is folded, so that sufficient preparation is made for the subsequent folding, and the folding quality is ensured; timely adjusting in the folding process to ensure the positioning precision and folding quality of each section of the lower floating body; welding stress can be reduced during welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean platforms, in particular to a lower floating body carrying method.
Background
The ocean platform mainly refers to a self-elevating ocean platform, a semi-submersible ocean platform, a drilling ship, other platforms and the like. The self-elevating ocean platform mainly comprises a sinking pad, pile legs, a lifting device, a platform and the like. The utility model provides a self-elevating offshore wind power mounting platform, is a pile inserting platform different from traditional pile inserting platform, as disclosed in application number 201721469034.0 a seat bottom self-elevating wind power pile driving ship, its form is between spud leg formula and mat type platform, has lower body and four spud shoes, and lower body and spud leg rely on locking mechanism to lock, and its spud shoe and lower body share a part of bearing capacity respectively.
The lower floating body can adopt a rectangular form, the lower floating body structure is lowered to the seabed surface layer to sit at the bottom through the pile legs during operation, the lower floating body adopts a large watertight structure to provide huge buoyancy so as to balance most of the whole ship weight, greatly reduce the sitting pressure, adapt to seabed soft soil geology, and simultaneously penetrate the pile legs to be deeply inserted into the seabed through the lower floating body, thereby playing the roles of stabilizing the whole ship and resisting sliding. The spud legs push the upper ship body away from the water surface, avoid surge and provide a stable platform for operation. The lower floating body is internally divided into a plurality of cabins, and ballast water can be filled or discharged in the lower floating body, so that the buoyancy of the lower floating body is changed, and the stability of the whole ship is maintained when the lower floating body is lowered.
In general, when a plurality of pile shoes of a platform or a ship are built, each pile shoe is independently built as an independent body, and is transported to a designated position for installation after the construction is finished. The lower floating body is an important component of the platform and is of an ultra-large bottom-sitting structure, and as a whole, the lower floating body is equivalent to the combination of a plurality of pile shoes of a conventional ship, and the quality of the lower floating body is important. In order to ensure the positioning accuracy and the folding quality of the segment folding of the ultra-large lower floating body, a lower floating body carrying method is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a lower floating body carrying method which can ensure the positioning precision and the folding quality of the segment folding of the ultra-large lower floating body.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of preparation before folding the lower floating body section, dock folding preparation and folding of each section of the lower floating body; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the lower floating body before segment folding:
s1.1, when the lower floating body is constructed in each section, the structure is ensured to be installed correctly, the assembly is not carried out by mistake, the butt joint of the plate seams is smooth, the assembly of bulk parts is complete, and the outer plate and the free edge are polished smoothly;
s1.2, checking the related confidentiality of each segment of the lower floating body, and completing various marks;
s1.3, measuring the overall dimension of each segment of the lower floating body after finishing, wherein the overall dimension meets the tolerance standard, and checking the accuracy to be qualified, and finishing the investigation of the rib inspection line and the segment center line on each segment;
s1.4, installing the lower floating body in a complete manner, installing hanging rings, and installing various reinforcing tools in place;
s1.5, welding in each section of the lower floating body meets the requirement through inspection, reserving a 300mm slow welding area at a section folding port, and then welding after the sections are folded, so that fine adjustment is facilitated when components are aligned;
s1.6, finishing the coating of each section of the lower floating body;
s2, dock folding preparation:
s2.1, flushing the dock, cleaning excessive sundries, and scribing according to the installation position;
s2.2, according to the space position of the dock, a cross center line, a hull center line, a ship width inspection line, a segmentation folding seam section line, a bow and stern end line and a rib inspection line of the trunk body are marked at the bottom of the dock by using a total station or a laser radial latitude instrument, and each marking line is marked by using a nick, and the center line deviation is +/-1 mm;
s2.3, water lines which are arranged at the base line of the ship and 300mm are arranged at the two sides of the dock, marks are made at the same positions of each section and each section rib inspection line in the ship length direction, and the marks are marked by obvious paint;
s2.4, arranging ship bottom piers, wherein the piers are solid and reliable horizontally, ensuring that the ship body has enough rigidity in the folding process, paving tablecloths on the contact surfaces of the ship body and each sectional outer plate, and plastering talcum powder;
s3, folding the lower floating body in sections: each segment closure of the lower floating body comprises a middle total segment closure and a fore-aft segment closure; the middle total section folding comprises the folding of the reference total section and the folding of the non-reference total section, and after the welding shrinkage of the girth is considered in dock positioning, the assembly error is controlled within +3/-0 mm; the stem-stern sectional closure comprises closure of a stern section and closure of the stem section, after the large circular seam of the sections is welded, the next section is welded, the closure positioning precision and the welding completion precision are ensured to meet the precision control requirement, and the center positioning of the floating body surrounding well barrel and the size of the barrel are tracked and measured in the whole process, specifically as follows:
s3.1, folding the reference total section:
s3.1.1, lifting the total section to a dock, and preliminarily determining the section height and the horizontal position according to the baseline height;
s3.1.2 adjusting the segment center by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster to enable the structural center board to be matched with the center marking line of the bottom of the ship, and adjusting the segment rib inspection line to be matched with the dock rib inspection line;
s3.1.3, erecting a total station or theodolite to determine the levelness of the segments;
s3.1.4, retesting and recording the data of each position;
s3.2, folding of the non-reference total section:
s3.2.1, 9 total segments are added in total, the total segments are transported to a dock, and the center line of the segments is matched with the center line of the dock by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster;
s3.2.2, adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster;
s3.2.3 measuring the distance between two segment check rib lines;
s3.2.4, positioning welding and installing a comb-shaped horse according to requirements for welding;
s3.2.5, retesting and recording the data of each position;
s3.3, folding of the stern section:
s3.3.1, 4 independent sections are arranged on the stern section, the sections are lifted to the dock installation position, the submersible pump is lifted into the cabin in advance, and the minimum distance between the sections and the adjacent sections is kept;
s3.3.2, positioning rib lines, and marking cross center lines of the trunk body on the dock and the sections respectively, so that the section accuracy is effectively controlled;
s3.3.3 aligning the segmented center line to the dock center line with a total station or laser theodolite;
s3.3.4 checking a baseline and a cross center line by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.5, checking the tail end point height by using a total station or a laser theodolite to ensure that the tail end point height is consistent with the tail end point height on the height marker post;
s3.3.6, adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.7 determining longitudinal and vertical allowance values of the segments according to the distances between the segments and rib inspection lines and waterline of the adjacent segments, marking out allowance lines, cutting, supporting the segments and fixing the segments with comb horses or seal welding;
s3.3.8, retesting and recording the data of each position;
s3.4, folding the bow sections:
s3.4.1, 4 grouping segments are arranged on the bow, the segments are lifted on the dock according to the position, the minimum distance is kept between the segments and the adjacent segments, and the segments are folded according to the lifting sequence;
s3.4.2, positioning rib lines, and marking cross center lines of the trunk body on the dock and the sections respectively, so that the section precision is effectively controlled;
s3.4.3, positioning rib lines and bow end points by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and aligning the corresponding rib lines and bow end points on a dock;
s3.4.4, calibrating the segments by using a total station or a laser theodolite, so that the center line of the segments is aligned with the center line of the dock;
s3.4.5, checking the base line by using a total station or a laser theodolite to make the base line equal to the corresponding height on the height mark post;
s3.4.6, checking the height of a bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite to ensure that the bow end point is equal to the corresponding height on the height mark post;
s3.4.7 adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and calibrating a cross center line;
s3.4.8, drawing margin lines, cutting, supporting the segments, and fixing the segments with comb-shaped horses or seal welding;
s3.4.9, retesting and recording the position data.
Further, in the step S3, the following requirements are required to be satisfied when the segments of the lower floating body are closed:
A. the lower floating body sections are folded by taking the middle reference total section as a positioning section and the cross center line of the surrounding well barrel body as a reference, and are sequentially folded;
B. the center line of the positioning reference block is aligned to the line of the dock, the baseline mark is checked, the horizontal heights of four corners are adjusted, and the positioning reference block is fixed with the embedded part of the dock by using an inclined strut;
C. when the subsequent segments are folded, the deformation condition of the previously folded segments is measured and checked, the baseline can be continued after being leveled, meanwhile, the reverse deformation compensation value of the segment folding is paid attention to, the deformation caused by welding and pier distribution is controlled, and the folding precision of the lower floating body is ensured;
D. dock piers are arranged at the structure and avoid the pile punching system, the water drain plugs, the holes of each outer plate and the outer plate marks;
E. the dock construction stage should tighten the piers once a week, measure the deflection of the bottom of the ship, check and record data, and make proper adjustment according to actual conditions to ensure that the tolerance requirement is met;
F. the positioning welding material is the same as the main welding material, or the positioning welding material is cleaned before formal welding;
G. the locating code for folding forms an included angle of 60-75 degrees with the welding line, and the base material is thoroughly polished and smooth but cannot be damaged;
H. in order to ensure the continuity of the structure, the folding should ensure the alignment of the structure, and the precision alignment deviation meets the requirement;
I. the secondary rust removal sections are carried out, the end joints at the large joints and the welding seam areas at the ends of the members and the bulk parts of the dock are not painted, and the joints are protected by adhesive tapes;
J. all the large folding weld joints can be painted after the tightness test is carried out, and the tightness test can be carried out after the integrity test of the formed sealing area is finished according to the production progress;
K. in the folding process, the line spacing error between each segmented positioning rib bit line and the corresponding positioning rib bit line on the dock is within +5mm;
the L, the provision of the welding hole, the non-watertight welding hole of the folding longitudinal component is R35mm/R50mm, the watertight welding hole is 50mmX10mm, and the watertight welding hole is filled up after welding;
m, welding: the annular welding seam is symmetrically welded when the lower floating body is folded, the correct welding sequence is selected, and the deformation and the internal stress of the structure are effectively reduced by adopting a method of preheating welding components.
Further, in the step a, when the lower floating body is folded in each section, the butt joint of the bottom plate, the deck, the longitudinal wall plate, the transverse wall plate, the strong frame and the longitudinal bone is folded by using CO 2 Or manual welding and automatic submerged arc welding with low hydrogen welding rod, and vertical gas welding is adopted for the outer plate.
Further, in the M welding, the following requirements need to be satisfied:
m-1, the welding is performed in a scattered and symmetrical way from the middle to the left and right and from the front to the back, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free shrinkage, the welding stress is reduced, the number of welding personnel is 4 to 6, and the welding is performed in a bilateral symmetry way;
m-2, because the welding seam with large shrinkage is easy to generate larger welding stress, the butt seam is welded firstly, the fillet weld is welded secondly, and finally the flat fillet weld is welded;
the welding stress generated on the crossing point of the welding lines M-3 is larger, the transverse welding lines are welded firstly when the welding lines are crossed on the welding plane, and meanwhile, the striking and the stern collecting of the welding lines also avoid the crossing point;
m-4, for the welding seam with the length more than or equal to 6M, adopting a symmetrical welding method, a gradual welding method and a split welding method for welding;
m-5, welding upper and lower layers in opposite welding directions, and staggering welding joints of all layers;
m-6, adopting a small-diameter welding rod and low current according to the specific condition of the structure;
m-7, for thicker components, adopting a preheating method to reduce the temperature gradient during welding;
m-8, in order to smooth the joint of the large folding circular seam and reduce the uneven phenomenon, placing reverse deformation near the large folding circular seam when the strong members and the deck are assembled, designing a false frame by using 10 multiplied by 300 excess material numbers when the distance between the rib plate and the main strong structure and the large folding circular seam is more than 500MM by the linear segmentation, and ensuring the linear smoothing until the segmentation large folding is completely welded and removed;
m-9, cutting the allowance and chamfering by a semi-automatic gas cutting machine, and chamfering the welding groove at one time according to the drawing requirement.
The invention has the advantages that: the preparation before the lower floating body is segmented to be folded and the dock is folded, so that the requirements of the overall dimension, the correlation tightness and the like are met, each datum line is finished, each fixture is installed in place, each mark is marked, sufficient preparation is made for subsequent folding, and the folding quality is ensured;
the lower floating body is folded by taking the middle reference total section as a positioning section, sequentially folding by taking the cross center line of the surrounding well barrel as a reference, measuring and checking the deformation condition of the previously folded section when the subsequent sections are folded, continuing after leveling the base line, simultaneously taking care of keeping the reverse deformation compensation value of the sectional folding, controlling the deformation caused by welding and pier distribution, and timely adjusting the folding process to ensure the positioning precision and folding quality of each section of the lower floating body;
the welding is performed in a dispersing and symmetrical way from the middle to the left and right and front and back, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free shrinkage, and the welding stress is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a lower floating body segment mounting network of the present invention;
fig. 2-4 are schematic diagrams of the welding mode of the lower floating body when the floating body is folded.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. The following examples will provide those skilled in the art with a more complete understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described.
In this embodiment, the ship is a steel all-welded ship, the lower floating body is composed of box-shaped plate frame structures, the whole rectangle is formed, the upper surface of the lower floating body is 75m long, 48m wide and 6m deep, transverse bulkheads, longitudinal bulkheads and other reinforcing structures are distributed in the lower floating body, the decks and the bottom plates of the middle part of the lower floating body and all longitudinal bulkheads and grillages of the whole ship adopt longitudinal skeleton structures, the longitudinal bones are supported by transverse beams/vertical trusses, the decks and the bottom plates of the bow and the stern parts of the lower floating body and all transverse bulkheads and grillages of the whole ship adopt transverse skeleton structures, the transverse beams, the longitudinal trusses, the vertical trusses and other main components are added with anti-tilting toggle plates for reinforcement, and the transverse beams and the longitudinal trusses are higher due to webs, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on the webs to prevent buckling.
The specific implementation mode adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the steps of preparation before folding the lower floating body section, dock folding preparation and folding of each section of the lower floating body; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the lower floating body before segment folding:
s1.1, when each section of the lower floating body is constructed, construction is carried out according to a diagram and a process, the structure is ensured to be installed correctly, the assembly is free from missing, the butt joint of plate joints is smooth, the assembly of bulk parts is complete, the outer plate and the free edge are polished smoothly and smoothly, the initiating explosive device is qualified in correction, the welding formation is attractive, the welding angle meets the requirements of the welding specification of the ship body, and the NDT is qualified in detection;
s1.2, checking the related confidentiality of each segment of the lower floating body, and completing various marks;
s1.3, measuring the external dimensions of each segment of the lower floating body after finishing, wherein the external dimensions of each segment of the lower floating body meet the tolerance standard, the precision report is qualified, the requirements of the precision control chart are met by folding allowance cutting and groove polishing, and the rib inspection lines and the segment center line on each segment are finished;
s1.4, the lower floating body is completely installed in each section of the pre-outfitting tray, the hanging ring is installed according to the requirement, and various reinforcing tools are installed in place;
s1.5, welding in each section of the lower floating body meets the requirement through inspection, reserving a 300mm slow welding area at a section folding port, and then welding after the sections are folded, so that fine adjustment is facilitated when components are aligned;
s1.6, finishing the coating of each section of the lower floating body;
s1.7, the sectional completion is approved by shipers and class society shippers, each section is required to report the completion measurement and output a precise control report for investigation, and in the folding process, the process of the production part combines the field conditions to formulate the folding positioning and allowance cutting scheme of each section;
s2, dock folding preparation:
s2.1, flushing the dock, cleaning excessive sundries, and scribing according to the installation position;
s2.2, according to the space position of the dock, a cross center line, a hull center line, a ship width inspection line, a segmentation folding seam section line, a bow and stern end line and a rib inspection line of the trunk body are marked at the bottom of the dock by using a total station or a laser radial latitude instrument, and each marking line is marked by using a nick, and the center line deviation is +/-1 mm;
s2.3, water lines which are arranged at the base line of the ship and 300mm are arranged at the two sides of the dock, marks are made at the same positions of each section and each section rib inspection line in the ship length direction, and the marks are marked by obvious paint;
s2.4, arranging ship bottom piers, wherein the piers are solid and reliable horizontally, ensuring that the ship body has enough rigidity in the folding process, paving tablecloths on the contact surfaces of the ship body and each sectional outer plate, and plastering talcum powder;
s3, folding the lower floating body in sections: when the lower floating body is folded in each section, the following requirements are met:
A. the lower floating body is folded by taking the H12C total section as a positioning section, taking the cross center line of the surrounding well cylinder as a reference, and folding the lower floating body forwards, backwards, leftwards and rightwards in sequence and in the distribution condition shown in the figure 1, when the lower floating body is folded by each section, the bottom plate, the deck, the longitudinal wall plate, the transverse wall plate, the strong frame and the longitudinal bone are folded to form butt joints, and the joint is formed by adopting CO (carbon monoxide) 2 Or manual welding and submerged automatic arc welding with low hydrogen welding rod, and vertical gas welding is adopted for the outer plate;
B. the center line of the positioning reference block is aligned to the line of the dock, the baseline mark is checked, the horizontal heights of four corners are adjusted, and the positioning reference block is fixed with the embedded part of the dock by using an inclined strut;
C. when the subsequent segments are folded, the deformation condition of the previously folded segments is measured and checked, the baseline can be continued after being leveled, meanwhile, the reverse deformation compensation value of the segment folding is paid attention to, the deformation caused by welding and pier distribution is controlled, and the folding precision of the lower floating body is ensured;
D. dock piers are arranged at the structure, and the pile punching system, the drain plugs, the outer plate openings and the outer plate marks are avoided, and the paint of the outer shell plates at the positions where the piers are arranged is the final paint;
E. the dock construction stage should tighten the piers once a week, measure the deflection of the bottom of the ship, check and record data, and make proper adjustment according to actual conditions to ensure that the tolerance requirement is met, if sudden changes exist, make timely adjustment;
F. the positioning welding material is the same as the main welding material, or the positioning welding material is cleaned before formal welding;
G. the locating code for folding forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the welding line, and the base material is thoroughly polished and smooth but cannot be damaged;
H. in order to ensure the structural continuity, the folding should ensure the structural alignment, and the precision alignment deviation requirement is detailed in CSQS standard;
I. the secondary rust removal sections are carried out, the end joints at the large joints and the welding seam areas at the ends of the members and the bulk parts of the dock are not painted, and the joints are protected by adhesive tapes;
J. all the large folding weld joints can be painted after the tightness test is carried out, and the tightness test can be carried out after the integrity test of the formed sealing area is finished according to the production progress;
K. in the folding process, the line spacing error between each segmented positioning rib bit line and the corresponding positioning rib bit line on the dock is within +5mm;
the L, the provision of the welding hole, the non-watertight welding hole of the folding longitudinal component is R35mm/R50mm, the watertight welding hole is 50mmX10mm, and the watertight welding hole is filled up after welding;
m, welding: the welding process has the advantages that the circular welding seam is symmetrically welded when the lower floating body is folded, the welding operation procedure is strictly adhered, the correct welding sequence is selected, the reasonable welding process parameters of WPS are strictly executed, and the deformation and the internal stress of the structure are effectively reduced by adopting methods of preheating welding components and the like.
The welding needs to meet the following requirements:
m-1, the welding should be from the middle to the left and right and the front and back to disperse symmetrically, as shown in figure 2, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free shrinkage, the welding stress is reduced, the welding personnel are 6 persons, and the welding is symmetrically performed left and right;
m-2, because the welding seam with large shrinkage is easy to generate larger welding stress, the butt seam is welded firstly, the fillet weld is welded secondly, and finally the flat fillet weld is welded;
the welding stress is larger on the M-3 and welding seam crossing points, the transverse welding seam should be welded firstly when the welding plane crosses the welding seam, and meanwhile, the striking and the stern turning of the welding seam should avoid the crossing points, as shown in figure 3;
m-4, for the welding line with the length of more than or equal to 6M, adopting a symmetrical welding method, a gradual welding method and a split welding method for welding, as shown in figure 4;
m-5, welding upper and lower layers in opposite welding directions, and staggering welding joints of all layers;
m-6, according to the specific condition of the structure, adopting a small-diameter welding rod and lower current as much as possible;
m-7, for thicker components, a preheating method can be adopted to reduce the temperature gradient during welding, thereby reducing the welding stress;
m-8, in order to make the joint of the large folding circular seam smooth and reduce the rugged phenomenon, placing reverse deformation near the large folding circular seam, preferably when the strong member and the deck are assembled, designing a false frame by the linear segment when the distance between the rib plate and the main strong structure and the large folding circular seam is more than 500MM, and cutting the line by using 10 multiplied by 300 excess material numbers so as to ensure the linear smooth until the segment large folding is completely welded and removed;
m-9, cutting the allowance and chamfering by a semi-automatic gas cutting machine, and chamfering the welding groove at one time according to the drawing requirement.
Each segment closure of the lower floating body comprises a middle total segment closure and a fore-aft segment closure; the middle total section folding comprises the folding of the reference total section and the folding of the non-reference total section, and after the welding shrinkage of the girth is considered in dock positioning, the assembly error is controlled within +3/-0 mm; the stem-stern sectional closure comprises closure of a stern section and closure of the stem section, after the large circular seam of the sections is welded, the next section is welded, the closure positioning precision and the welding completion precision are ensured to meet the precision control requirement, and the center positioning and the cylinder size of the floating body surrounding well cylinder are tracked and measured in the whole process, specifically as follows:
s3.1, folding the reference total section:
s3.1.1, as shown in fig. 1, lifting the H12C section (serial number 01) to a dock, and preliminarily determining the section height and the horizontal position according to the baseline height;
s3.1.2 adjusting the segment center by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster to enable the structural center board to be matched with the center marking line of the bottom of the ship, and adjusting the segment rib inspection line to be matched with the dock rib inspection line;
s3.1.3, erecting a total station or theodolite at a proper position and a proper height to determine the levelness of the segments;
s3.1.4, retesting and recording the data of each position, which must accord with CSQS and report acceptance;
s3.2, folding of the non-reference total section:
s3.2.1, 9 total segments (serial numbers 02-10) of non-reference total segments, see the middle area in figure 1, transporting the total segments to a dock, and enabling the center line of the segments to be matched with the center line of the dock by using a total station and a three-dimensional leveling instrument;
s3.2.2, adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster;
s3.2.3 measuring the distance between two segment check rib lines;
s3.2.4, positioning welding and installing a comb-shaped horse according to requirements for welding;
s3.2.5, retesting and recording the position data, and conforming to CSQS standard;
s3.3, folding of the stern section:
s3.3.1, the stern section has 4 independent sections (serial numbers 11, 12, 15 and 16), see stern area in figure 1, the section is lifted to dock installation position, the submersible pump is lifted into the cabin in advance, the section keeps minimum distance with the adjacent section;
s3.3.2, positioning rib lines, and marking cross center lines of the trunk body on the dock and the sections respectively, so that the section accuracy is effectively controlled;
s3.3.3 aligning the segmented center line to the dock center line with a total station or laser theodolite;
s3.3.4 checking a baseline and a cross center line by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.5, checking the tail end point height by using a total station or a laser theodolite to ensure that the tail end point height is consistent with the tail end point height on the height marker post;
s3.3.6, adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.7 determining longitudinal and vertical allowance values of the segments according to the distances between the segments and rib inspection lines and waterline of the adjacent segments, marking out allowance lines, cutting, supporting the segments and fixing the segments with comb horses or seal welding;
s3.3.8, retesting and recording the position data, and conforming to CSQS standard;
s3.4, folding the bow sections:
s3.4.1, the bow is 4 sub-segments (serial numbers 13, 14, 17 and 18), see the bow area in figure 1, the segments are lifted on the dock according to the position, the minimum distance is kept between the segments and the adjacent segments, and the segments are folded according to the lifting sequence;
s3.4.2, positioning rib lines, and marking cross center lines of the trunk body on the dock and the sections respectively, so that the section precision is effectively controlled;
s3.4.3, positioning rib lines and bow end points by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and aligning the corresponding rib lines and bow end points on a dock;
s3.4.4, calibrating the segments by using a total station or a laser theodolite, so that the center line of the segments is aligned with the center line of the dock;
s3.4.5, checking the base line by using a total station or a laser theodolite to make the base line equal to the corresponding height on the height mark post;
s3.4.6, checking the height of a bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite to ensure that the bow end point is equal to the corresponding height on the height mark post;
s3.4.7 adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and calibrating a cross center line;
s3.4.8, drawing margin lines, cutting, supporting the segments, and fixing the segments with comb-shaped horses or seal welding;
s3.4.9, retesting and recording the position data, and conforming to CSQS standard;
according to the method, the preparation before the lower floating body is folded and the dock is folded, so that the requirements of the overall dimension, the correlation tightness and the like are met, each datum line is finished, each fixture is installed in place, each mark is marked, sufficient preparation is made for subsequent folding, and the folding quality is ensured; the lower floating body is folded by taking the middle reference total section as a positioning section, sequentially folding by taking the cross center line of the surrounding well barrel as a reference, measuring and checking the deformation condition of the previously folded section when the subsequent sections are folded, continuing after leveling the base line, simultaneously taking care of keeping the reverse deformation compensation value of the sectional folding, controlling the deformation caused by welding and pier distribution, and timely adjusting the folding process to ensure the positioning precision and folding quality of each section of the lower floating body; the welding is performed in a dispersing and symmetrical way from the middle to the left and right and front and back, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free shrinkage, and the welding stress is reduced.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A lower floating body carrying method is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of preparation before folding the lower floating body section, dock folding preparation and folding of each section of the lower floating body; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the lower floating body before segment folding:
s1.1, when the lower floating body is constructed in each section, the structure is ensured to be installed correctly, the assembly is not carried out by mistake, the butt joint of the plate seams is smooth, the assembly of bulk parts is complete, and the outer plate and the free edge are polished smoothly;
s1.2, checking the related confidentiality of each segment of the lower floating body, and completing various marks;
s1.3, measuring the overall dimension of each segment of the lower floating body after finishing, wherein the overall dimension meets the tolerance standard, and checking the accuracy to be qualified, and finishing the investigation of the rib inspection line and the segment center line on each segment;
s1.4, installing the lower floating body in a complete manner, installing hanging rings, and installing various reinforcing tools in place;
s1.5, welding in each section of the lower floating body meets the requirement through inspection, reserving a 300mm slow welding area at a section folding port, and then welding after the sections are folded, so that fine adjustment is facilitated when components are aligned;
s1.6, finishing the coating of each section of the lower floating body;
s2, dock folding preparation:
s2.1, flushing the dock, cleaning excessive sundries, and scribing according to the installation position;
s2.2, according to the space position of the dock, a cross center line, a hull center line, a ship width inspection line, a segmentation folding seam section line, a bow and stern end line and a rib inspection line of the trunk body are marked at the bottom of the dock by using a total station or a laser radial latitude instrument, and each marking line is marked by using a nick, and the center line deviation is +/-1 mm;
s2.3, water lines which are arranged at the base line of the ship and 300mm are arranged at the two sides of the dock, marks are made at the same positions of each section and each section rib inspection line in the ship length direction, and the marks are marked by obvious paint;
s2.4, arranging ship bottom piers, wherein the piers are solid and reliable horizontally, ensuring that the ship body has enough rigidity in the folding process, paving tablecloths on the contact surfaces of the ship body and each sectional outer plate, and plastering talcum powder;
s3, folding the lower floating body in sections: each segment closure of the lower floating body comprises a middle total segment closure and a fore-aft segment closure; the middle total section folding comprises the folding of the reference total section and the folding of the non-reference total section, and after the welding shrinkage of the girth is considered in dock positioning, the assembly error is controlled within +3/-0 mm; the stem-stern sectional closure comprises closure of a stern section and closure of the stem section, after the large circular seam of the sections is welded, the next section is welded, the closure positioning precision and the welding completion precision are ensured to meet the precision control requirement, and the center positioning of the floating body surrounding well barrel and the size of the barrel are tracked and measured in the whole process, specifically as follows:
s3.1, folding the reference total section:
s3.1.1, lifting the total section to a dock, and preliminarily determining the section height and the horizontal position according to the baseline height;
s3.1.2 adjusting the segment center by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster to enable the structural center board to be matched with the center marking line of the bottom of the ship, and adjusting the segment rib inspection line to be matched with the dock rib inspection line;
s3.1.3, erecting a total station or theodolite to determine the levelness of the segments;
s3.1.4, retesting and recording the data of each position;
s3.2, folding of the non-reference total section:
s3.2.1, 9 total segments are added in total, the total segments are transported to a dock, and the center line of the segments is matched with the center line of the dock by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster;
s3.2.2, adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster;
s3.2.3 measuring the distance between two segment check rib lines;
s3.2.4, positioning welding and installing a comb-shaped horse according to requirements for welding;
s3.2.5, retesting and recording the data of each position;
s3.3, folding of the stern section:
s3.3.1, 4 independent sections are arranged on the stern section, the sections are lifted to the dock installation position, the submersible pump is lifted into the cabin in advance, and the minimum distance between the sections and the adjacent sections is kept;
s3.3.2, positioning rib lines, and marking cross center lines of the trunk body on the dock and the sections respectively, so that the section accuracy is effectively controlled;
s3.3.3 aligning the segmented center line to the dock center line with a total station or laser theodolite;
s3.3.4 checking a baseline and a cross center line by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.5, checking the tail end point height by using a total station or a laser theodolite to ensure that the tail end point height is consistent with the tail end point height on the height marker post;
s3.3.6, adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.7 determining longitudinal and vertical allowance values of the segments according to the distances between the segments and rib inspection lines and waterline of the adjacent segments, marking out allowance lines, cutting, supporting the segments and fixing the segments with comb horses or seal welding;
s3.3.8, retesting and recording the data of each position;
s3.4, folding the bow sections:
s3.4.1, 4 grouping segments are arranged on the bow, the segments are lifted on the dock according to the position, the minimum distance is kept between the segments and the adjacent segments, and the segments are folded according to the lifting sequence;
s3.4.2, positioning rib lines, and marking cross center lines of the trunk body on the dock and the sections respectively, so that the section precision is effectively controlled;
s3.4.3, positioning rib lines and bow end points by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and aligning the corresponding rib lines and bow end points on a dock;
s3.4.4, calibrating the segments by using a total station or a laser theodolite, so that the center line of the segments is aligned with the center line of the dock;
s3.4.5, checking the base line by using a total station or a laser theodolite to make the base line equal to the corresponding height on the height mark post;
s3.4.6, checking the height of a bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite to ensure that the bow end point is equal to the corresponding height on the height mark post;
s3.4.7 adjusting the sectional levelness by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and calibrating a cross center line;
s3.4.8, drawing margin lines, cutting, supporting the segments, and fixing the segments with comb-shaped horses or seal welding;
s3.4.9, retesting and recording the position data.
2. The lower floating body mounting method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the following requirements are required to be satisfied when the lower floating body is folded in each segment:
A. the lower floating body sections are folded by taking the middle reference total section as a positioning section and the cross center line of the surrounding well barrel body as a reference, and are sequentially folded;
B. the center line of the positioning reference block is aligned to the line of the dock, the baseline mark is checked, the horizontal heights of four corners are adjusted, and the positioning reference block is fixed with the embedded part of the dock by using an inclined strut;
C. when the subsequent segments are folded, the deformation condition of the previously folded segments is measured and checked, the baseline can be continued after being leveled, meanwhile, the reverse deformation compensation value of the segment folding is paid attention to, the deformation caused by welding and pier distribution is controlled, and the folding precision of the lower floating body is ensured;
D. dock piers are arranged at the structure and avoid the pile punching system, the water drain plugs, the holes of each outer plate and the outer plate marks;
E. the dock construction stage should tighten the piers once a week, measure the deflection of the bottom of the ship, check and record data, and make proper adjustment according to actual conditions to ensure that the tolerance requirement is met;
F. the positioning welding material is the same as the main welding material, or the positioning welding material is cleaned before formal welding;
G. the locating code for folding forms an included angle of 60-75 degrees with the welding line, and the base material is thoroughly polished and smooth but cannot be damaged;
H. in order to ensure the continuity of the structure, the folding should ensure the alignment of the structure, and the precision alignment deviation meets the requirement;
I. the secondary rust removal sections are carried out, the end joints at the large joints and the welding seam areas at the ends of the members and the bulk parts of the dock are not painted, and the joints are protected by adhesive tapes;
J. all the large folding weld joints can be painted after the tightness test is carried out, and the tightness test is carried out after the integrity test of the formed sealing area is finished according to the production progress;
K. in the folding process, the line spacing error between each segmented positioning rib bit line and the corresponding positioning rib bit line on the dock is within +5mm;
the L and the pass welding holes are provided, the size of the non-watertight pass welding Kong Qiejiao of the folding longitudinal component is R35mm/R50mm, the watertight pass welding holes are 50mm multiplied by 10mm, and the watertight pass welding holes are filled after welding;
m, welding: the annular welding seam is symmetrically welded when the lower floating body is folded, the correct welding sequence is selected, and the deformation and the internal stress of the structure are effectively reduced by adopting a method of preheating welding components.
3. The lower floating body mounting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step A, when the lower floating body is folded in each section, the butt joint of the bottom plate, the deck, the longitudinal wall plate, the transverse wall plate, the strong frame and the longitudinal bone is folded by adopting CO 2 Or manual welding and automatic submerged arc welding with low hydrogen welding rod, and vertical gas welding is adopted for the outer plate.
4. The lower floating body mounting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the M welding, the following requirements are required to be met:
m-1, the welding is performed in a scattered and symmetrical way from the middle to the left and right and from the front to the back, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free shrinkage, the welding stress is reduced, the number of welding personnel is 4 to 6, and the welding is performed in a bilateral symmetry way;
m-2, because the welding seam with large shrinkage is easy to generate larger welding stress, the butt seam is welded firstly, the fillet weld is welded secondly, and finally the flat fillet weld is welded;
the welding stress generated on the crossing point of the welding lines M-3 is larger, the transverse welding lines are welded firstly when the welding lines are crossed on the welding plane, and meanwhile, the striking and the stern collecting of the welding lines also avoid the crossing point;
m-4, for the welding seam with the length more than or equal to 6M, adopting a symmetrical welding method, a gradual welding method and a split welding method for welding;
m-5, welding upper and lower layers in opposite welding directions, and staggering welding joints of all layers;
m-6, adopting a small-diameter welding rod and low current according to the specific condition of the structure;
m-7, for thicker components, adopting a preheating method to reduce the temperature gradient during welding;
m-8, in order to smooth the joint of the large folding circular seam and reduce the uneven phenomenon, placing reverse deformation near the large folding circular seam when the strong members and the deck are assembled, designing a false frame by using 10 multiplied by 300 excess material numbers when the distance between the rib plate and the main strong structure and the large folding circular seam is more than 500mm by using the linear segmentation, and ensuring the linear smoothing until the segmentation large folding is completely welded and removed;
m-9, cutting the allowance and chamfering by a semi-automatic gas cutting machine, and chamfering the welding groove at one time according to the drawing requirement.
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| CN114475966B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2024-02-09 | 海洋石油工程（青岛）有限公司 | Novel hydraulic carrying process for multi-ton ship body nested double-port pontoon slideway |
| CN114604391B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-05-05 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Method for constructing pile fixing frame |
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