CN112319732A - Lower floating body carrying method - Google Patents
Lower floating body carrying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112319732A CN112319732A CN202011422029.0A CN202011422029A CN112319732A CN 112319732 A CN112319732 A CN 112319732A CN 202011422029 A CN202011422029 A CN 202011422029A CN 112319732 A CN112319732 A CN 112319732A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lower floating body carrying method, and relates to the technical field of ocean platforms. The method comprises the steps of preparing a lower floating body before subsection closure, preparing dock closure, and closing each subsection of the lower floating body; each section folding of the lower floating body comprises middle total section folding and bow-stern section folding; the middle main section folding comprises the folding of a reference main section and the folding of a non-reference main section, the fore-aft section folding comprises the folding of a stern section and the folding of a bow section, the middle reference main section is used as a positioning section, the cross center line of the trunk cylinder is used as a reference, the fore-aft section folding is sequentially carried out, after the large circular seam of the section is welded, the next section is welded, and the folding positioning precision and the welding completion precision are guaranteed to meet the precision control requirement. The invention has the advantages that: the preparation before the lower floating body is segmented and the preparation for dock closure are adopted, so that sufficient preparation is made for subsequent closure, and the closure quality is ensured; adjusting in time during the folding process to ensure the positioning precision and folding quality of each section of the lower floating body; the welding stress can be reduced during welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean platforms, in particular to a lower floating body carrying method.
Background
The ocean platform mainly refers to a self-elevating ocean platform, a semi-submersible ocean platform, a drilling ship and other platforms. The self-elevating ocean platform mainly comprises a sinking pad, pile legs, a lifting device, a platform and the like. Self-elevating offshore wind power installation platform is a pile inserting platform different from traditional pile inserting platform, like a bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power pile driving ship disclosed in application number 201721469034.0, the form of the self-elevating offshore wind power pile driving ship is between pile leg type and mat sinking type platforms, a lower floating body and four pile shoes are arranged, the lower floating body and the pile legs are locked by a locking mechanism, and the pile shoes and the lower floating body share part of bearing capacity respectively.
The lower floating body can adopt a rectangular type, the hull of the ship body transfers the lower floating body structure to the seabed surface layer through the pile legs during operation to sit at the bottom, the lower floating body adopts a large watertight structure to provide huge buoyancy so as to balance the weight of most of the whole ship, the bottom-sitting pressure is greatly reduced so as to adapt to seabed soft soil geology, and meanwhile, the pile legs penetrate through the lower floating body to be deeply inserted into the seabed, so that the effects of stabilizing the whole ship and resisting sliding are achieved. The upper ship body is jacked away from the water surface by the pile legs, so that surging is avoided, and a stable platform is provided for operation. The inner part of the lower floating body is provided with a plurality of cabins, and ballast water can be injected or discharged from the inner part of the lower floating body, so that the buoyancy of the lower floating body is changed, and the stability of the whole ship is maintained when the lower floating body is lowered.
In general, when several pile shoes of a platform or a ship are built, each pile shoe is independently built as an independent individual and is transported to a designated position for installation after the construction is finished. The lower floating body is used as an important constituent part of the platform, is an ultra-large type base structure, is equivalent to a plurality of pile shoes of a conventional ship and is integrated as a whole, and the carrying quality of the lower floating body is important. In order to ensure the positioning precision and the folding quality of the sectional folding of the ultra-large lower floating body, a lower floating body carrying method is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lower floating body carrying method which can ensure the positioning precision and the folding quality of the sectional folding of an ultra-large lower floating body.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of preparing a lower floating body before section folding, preparing dock folding and folding each section of the lower floating body; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the lower floating body before the segment closure:
s1.1, during the subsection construction of each lower floating body, the correct installation of the structure, no missing installation and wrong installation are ensured, the plate seams are butted and leveled, the surface installation of the bulk parts is complete, and the outer plate and the free edge are polished smoothly;
s1.2, reporting and checking the relevant confidentiality of each segment of the lower floating body to be qualified, and completing various identifications;
s1.3, measuring the external dimensions of the lower floating body after all the sections are finished, wherein the external dimensions meet the tolerance standard, the precision is reported and tested to be qualified, and rib inspection lines and section center lines on all the sections are completely surveyed;
s1.4, completely installing each subsection pre-outfitting tray of the lower floating body, installing a lifting ring, and installing various reinforcing tools in place;
s1.5, welding in each section of the lower floating body meets the requirement through inspection, reserving a 300mm slow welding area at a section folding port, and performing burning welding after the section folding is finished so as to facilitate fine adjustment of components during alignment;
s1.6, finishing coating of each section of the lower floating body;
s2, preparing dock closure:
s2.1, flushing the dock, cleaning redundant sundries, and scribing according to the installation position;
s2.2, surveying and marking a cross central line, a hull central line, a ship width inspection line, a segmented closure seam section line, a fore-aft end line and a rib inspection line of a trunk barrel at the bottom of a dock by using a total station or a laser radial filling instrument according to the space position of the dock, wherein each marking line is marked by a nick, and the deviation of the central line is +/-1 mm;
s2.3, arranging waterlines of-300 mm on the ship base line at the east and west sides of the dock, marking each section in the ship length direction at the same position as the section rib inspection line, and marking with obvious paint;
s2.4, arranging pier wood at the bottom of the ship, wherein the pier wood is horizontal, firm and reliable, the ship body is ensured to have enough rigidity in the folding process, and the contact surface of the ship body and each sectional outer plate is paved with the tablecloth and smeared with the talcum powder;
s3, folding each section of the lower floating body: each section folding of the lower floating body comprises middle total section folding and bow-stern section folding; the middle total segment folding comprises the folding of a reference total segment and the folding of a non-reference total segment, and after the girth welding shrinkage is considered in dock positioning at the rib position of a large folding interface of the middle total segment, the assembly error is controlled within +3/-0 mm; the bow-stern subsection folding comprises the folding of a stern subsection and the folding of a bow subsection, after the large circular seam of the subsection is welded, the next subsection is welded, the folding positioning precision and the welding completion precision meet the precision control requirement, the center positioning of a lower floating body surrounding well cylinder body and the size of the cylinder body are measured in a tracking mode in the whole process, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s3.1, folding of the reference total section:
s3.1.1, hanging the total section on the dock, and primarily determining the height and the horizontal position of the section according to the height of the base line;
s3.1.2, adjusting the center of the segment by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster to make the structure center board coincide with the bottom center marking line, and adjusting the segment rib inspection line to make the segment rib inspection line coincide with the dock rib inspection line;
s3.1.3, erecting a total station or a theodolite to determine the levelness of the section;
s3.1.4, retesting and recording each position data;
s3.2, folding of the non-reference total section:
s3.2.1, 9 non-reference sections, transporting the sections to the dock, and making the center line of the sections coincide with the center line of the dock by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster;
s3.2.2, adjusting the segment levelness by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjusting instrument;
s3.2.3, measuring the distance between two segmental inspection rib lines;
s3.2.4, performing tack welding and additionally installing a comb-shaped horse as required to be welded;
s3.2.5, retesting and recording each position data;
s3.3, folding the stern section:
s3.3.1, 4 independent subsections are arranged on the stern subsection, the subsection is hoisted to the installation position of the ship dock, the submersible pump is hoisted into the cabin in advance, and the minimum distance is kept between the subsection and the adjacent subsection;
s3.3.2, positioning the rib line, and marking the cross center line of the round-hole cylinder on the dock and the segment respectively, so that the segment precision is effectively controlled;
s3.3.3, aligning the center line of the segment with the center line of the dock by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.4, checking the base line and the cross center line by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.5, checking the height of the stern end point by a total station or a laser theodolite to make the height of the stern end point coincide with the height of the stern end point on the height marker post;
s3.3.6, adjusting the segment levelness by a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.7, determining longitudinal and vertical allowance values of the segment according to the distance between the rib inspection line and waterline of the segment and the adjacent segment, marking and cutting the allowance lines, supporting the segment and adding comb-shaped horses or sealing and welding the segment and the adjacent segment;
s3.3.8, retesting and recording each position data;
s3.4, folding the stem sections:
s3.4.1, 4 grouped segments are arranged on the bow, the segments are hoisted to the dock according to the position, the minimum distance is kept between the segments and the adjacent segments, and the segments are folded according to the hoisting sequence;
s3.4.2, positioning a rib line, and marking a cross center line of the box body on the dock and the subsection respectively to effectively control the subsection precision;
s3.4.3, positioning the rib line and the bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and aligning the rib line and the bow end point on the dock;
s3.4.4, calibrating the segment by using a total station or a laser theodolite to align the central line of the segment with the central line of the dock;
s3.4.5, checking the base line with a total station or a laser theodolite to make it equal to the corresponding height on the height marker post;
s3.4.6, checking the height of the bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite to enable the height to be equal to the corresponding height on the height marker post;
s3.4.7, adjusting the segment levelness by a total station or a laser theodolite, and calibrating the cross center line;
s3.4.8, drawing allowance lines, cutting, supporting the segments, and welding with comb-shaped frame or seal welding;
s3.4.9, retesting and recording each position data.
Further, in step S3, the following requirements are satisfied when the segments of the lower floating body are closed:
A. the lower floating body is folded in sequence by taking the middle reference total section as a positioning section and taking the cross center line of the surrounding well cylinder as a reference;
B. aligning the center line of the positioning reference block section with the scribed center line of the dock, checking the base line mark, adjusting the horizontal heights of the four corners, and fixing the four corners by inclined struts and embedded parts of the dock;
C. during subsequent segment folding, measuring and checking the deformation condition of the previously closed segment, and only continuing after the base line is leveled, and simultaneously, keeping the segment folding reversible deformation compensation value, controlling the deformation caused by welding and pier laying, and ensuring the folding precision of the lower floating body;
D. the dock pier wood is arranged at the structure and avoids the pile flushing system, the drainage plug, the openings of the outer plates and the marks of the outer plates;
E. in the dock building stage, the piers are tightly hammered once per week, the deflection of the bottom of the ship is measured, the data is checked and recorded, and the proper adjustment is carried out according to the actual situation so as to ensure that the tolerance requirement is met;
F. the welding material of the positioning welding is the same as the welding material of the main welding seam, otherwise, the welding material of the positioning welding is cleaned before formal welding;
G. the folding positioning code and the welding line form an included angle of 60-75 degrees, and the base material is removed and polished completely without damaging the base material;
H. in order to ensure the structure continuity, the structure alignment is ensured when the structure is folded, and the precision alignment deviation meets the requirement;
I. in the secondary derusting subsection, the end seams at the large seams, the welding seam areas at the end parts of the components and the dock bulk parts are not painted and protected by adhesive tapes;
J. all the large closure welding lines can be painted after being subjected to tightness tests, and the tightness tests can be carried out after the integrity of the formed sealed areas is reported and tested according to the production progress;
K. in the folding process, the distance error between the positioning rib position line of each segment and the corresponding positioning rib position line on the dock is within +5 mm;
l, setting the over-welding holes, wherein the non-watertight over-welding holes of the folded longitudinal member are R35mm/R50mm, the watertight over-welding holes are 50mmX10mm, and the watertight over-welding holes are filled after welding;
m, welding: the annular welding seams are symmetrically welded when the lower floating body is folded, a correct welding sequence is selected, and the method of preheating welding components is adopted, so that the deformation and the internal stress of the structure are effectively reduced.
Further, in the step A, when all the sections of the lower floating body are folded, the bottom plate, the deck, the longitudinal wall plate, the transverse wall plate, the strong frame and the longitudinal frame are folded and butt-jointed by CO2Or manual welding with low-hydrogen welding rods, automatic submerged arc welding, and vertical gas welding for the outer plate.
Further, in the M welding, the following requirements need to be satisfied:
m-1, welding should be conducted from the middle to the left and right and front and back in a dispersing and symmetrical mode, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free contraction, welding stress is reduced, 4-6 welding personnel are used, and welding is conducted in a left-right symmetrical mode;
m-2, welding a butt joint, welding a vertical fillet weld for the second time and welding a flat fillet weld for the reason that the welding joint with large shrinkage easily generates large welding stress;
m-3, the welding stress generated on the welding line cross point is larger, a transverse welding line is firstly welded when the plane cross welding line is welded, and the arc starting and the stern closing of the welding line are avoided from the cross point;
m-4, for the welding seam with the length more than or equal to 6M, adopting a symmetrical welding method, a gradual desoldering method and a split-center desoldering method to weld;
m-5, during multilayer welding, the welding directions of the upper layer and the lower layer are opposite, and the welding seam joints of all layers are staggered;
m-6, adopting a welding rod with a small diameter and a lower current according to the specific situation of the structure;
m-7, for thicker components, reducing the temperature gradient during welding by adopting a preheating method;
m-8, in order to smoothen the large folding circular seam interface and reduce the phenomenon of unevenness, reverse deformation is placed near the large folding circular seam when the strong component and the deck are assembled, a false frame is designed when the distance between the rib plate and the main strong structure from the large folding seam is more than 500MM, and the linear is cut by 10 x 300 excess material number to ensure the smoothness of the linear until the large folding of the segments is welded and disassembled;
m-9, cutting allowance and grooving by adopting a semi-automatic gas cutting machine, and grooving the welding groove at one time according to the requirement of a drawing.
The invention has the advantages that: the preparation before the lower floating body is segmented and folded and the preparation of dock folding ensure that the overall dimension, the related tightness and the like meet the requirements, all datum lines are surveyed, all tools are installed in place, all marks are marked, sufficient preparation is made for subsequent folding, and the folding quality is ensured;
the lower floating body is folded in sequence by taking a middle reference total section as a positioning section and taking a cross center line of a surrounding well cylinder as a reference, when the subsequent sections are folded, the deformation condition of the previously folded sections is measured and checked, the base line is continued after being leveled, meanwhile, the reverse deformation compensation value of the section folding is kept, the deformation caused by welding and pier arrangement is controlled, and the adjustment is carried out in time during the folding process, so that the positioning precision and the folding quality of each section of the lower floating body are ensured;
when welding, the welding is performed from the middle to the left and the right and the front and the back in a dispersed and symmetrical mode, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free contraction, and the welding stress is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a lower float segment total segment piggyback network of the present invention;
fig. 2-4 are schematic views of the welding mode of the lower floating body during folding.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The following examples are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.
In the embodiment, the ship is a steel all-welded ship, the lower floating body is composed of box-type plate frame structures, the whole lower floating body is rectangular, the upper surface of the lower floating body is 75m long, 48m wide and 6m deep, transverse bulkheads, longitudinal bulkheads and other reinforcing structures are distributed in the lower floating body, longitudinal framework structures are adopted for a deck, a bottom plate and all longitudinal bulkhead plate frames of the whole ship at the middle part of the lower floating body, longitudinal frames are supported by cross beams/vertical girders, the deck, the bottom plate and all transverse bulkheads of the bow part and the stern part of the lower floating body are of the transverse framework structures, anti-buckling plates are added for main components such as the cross beams, the longitudinal girders and the vertical girders to reinforce, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on webs to prevent buckling.
The specific implementation mode adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the steps of preparing a lower floating body before section folding, preparing dock folding and folding each section of the lower floating body; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the lower floating body before the segment closure:
s1.1, when each section of the lower floating body is constructed according to a drawing and a process, the correct structure installation, no missing installation and wrong installation are ensured, plate seams are butted and leveled, the surface mounting of loose parts is complete, the outer plate and the free edge are polished smoothly and smoothly, the fire work correction is qualified, the welding forming is attractive, the welding corners meet the requirements of ship welding specifications, and the NDT detection is qualified;
s1.2, reporting and checking the relevant confidentiality of each segment of the lower floating body to be qualified, and completing various identifications;
s1.3, measuring the external dimensions of the lower floating body after each section is finished, wherein the external dimensions meet tolerance standards, the precision is reported and tested to be qualified, the requirements of precision control chart are executed by cutting of the closure allowance and grinding of a groove, and rib inspection lines and section center lines on each section are completely surveyed;
s1.4, completely installing each subsection preputuring tray of the lower floating body, installing the lifting ring to be qualified according to requirements, and installing various reinforcing tools in place;
s1.5, welding in each section of the lower floating body meets the requirement through inspection, reserving a 300mm slow welding area at a section folding port, and performing burning welding after the section folding is finished so as to facilitate fine adjustment of components during alignment;
s1.6, finishing coating of each section of the lower floating body;
s1.7, confirming the completion of the sections by shipowner and classification society inspection shippers, reporting completion measurement and outputting a precision control report for future reference for each section, and in the folding process, combining the field situation with the process of a production department, and formulating a folding positioning and allowance cutting scheme for each section;
s2, preparing dock closure:
s2.1, flushing the dock, cleaning redundant sundries, and scribing according to the installation position;
s2.2, surveying and marking a cross central line, a hull central line, a ship width inspection line, a segmented closure seam section line, a fore-aft end line and a rib inspection line of a trunk barrel at the bottom of a dock by using a total station or a laser radial filling instrument according to the space position of the dock, wherein each marking line is marked by a nick, and the deviation of the central line is +/-1 mm;
s2.3, arranging waterlines of-300 mm on the ship base line at the east and west sides of the dock, marking each section in the ship length direction at the same position as the section rib inspection line, and marking with obvious paint;
s2.4, arranging pier wood at the bottom of the ship, wherein the pier wood is horizontal, firm and reliable, the ship body is ensured to have enough rigidity in the folding process, and the contact surface of the ship body and each sectional outer plate is paved with the tablecloth and smeared with the talcum powder;
s3, folding each section of the lower floating body: the following requirements are required to be met when the sections of the lower floating body are folded:
A. the folding of each section of the lower floating body takes an H12C total section as a positioning section, the cross center line of the cylinder body of the surrounding well as the reference are adopted, the lower floating body is folded towards the front, the back, the left and the right in the folding sequence and the distribution condition shown in the attached drawing 1, when the sections of the lower floating body are folded, the bottom plate, the deck, the longitudinal wall plate, the transverse wall plate, the strong frame and the longitudinal bone are folded and butt-jointed by adopting CO2Or manual welding with low-hydrogen welding rods, automatic submerged arc welding, and vertical gas welding for the outer plate;
B. aligning the center line of the positioning reference block section with the scribed center line of the dock, checking the base line mark, adjusting the horizontal heights of the four corners, and fixing the four corners by inclined struts and embedded parts of the dock;
C. during subsequent segment folding, measuring and checking the deformation condition of the previously closed segment, and only continuing after the base line is leveled, and simultaneously, keeping the segment folding reversible deformation compensation value, controlling the deformation caused by welding and pier laying, and ensuring the folding precision of the lower floating body;
D. arranging dock piers at a structure, avoiding a pile flushing system, a drainage plug, openings of all outer plates and marks of the outer plates, wherein the paint for the outer shell plates at the pier positions is the final paint;
E. in the dock building stage, the piers are tightly hammered once per week, the deflection of the bottom of the ship is measured, the data is checked and recorded, and the proper adjustment is carried out according to the actual situation to ensure that the tolerance requirement is met, and if the deflection changes, the adjustment is carried out in time;
F. the welding material of the positioning welding is the same as the welding material of the main welding seam, otherwise, the welding material of the positioning welding is cleaned before formal welding;
G. the folding positioning code and the welding line form an included angle of 60 degrees, and the base material is removed and polished completely without damaging the base material;
H. in order to ensure the continuity of the structure, the structure alignment is ensured during the folding, and the requirement of the accuracy alignment deviation is detailed in CSQS standard;
I. in the secondary derusting subsection, the end seams at the large seams, the welding seam areas at the end parts of the components and the dock bulk parts are not painted and protected by adhesive tapes;
J. all the large closure welding lines can be painted after being subjected to tightness tests, and the tightness tests can be carried out after the integrity of the formed sealed areas is reported and tested according to the production progress;
K. in the folding process, the distance error between the positioning rib position line of each segment and the corresponding positioning rib position line on the dock is within +5 mm;
l, setting the over-welding holes, wherein the non-watertight over-welding holes of the folded longitudinal member are R35mm/R50mm, the watertight over-welding holes are 50mmX10mm, and the watertight over-welding holes are filled after welding;
m, welding: the circular welding seam is symmetrically welded when the lower floating body is folded, a correct welding sequence is selected, the reasonable welding process parameters of the WPS are strictly executed, and the deformation and the internal stress of the structure are effectively reduced by adopting methods such as preheating welding components and the like except that the welding operation rules are strictly followed.
The welding needs to meet the following requirements:
m-1, welding should be carried out from the middle to the left and right and front and back in a dispersed and symmetrical mode, as shown in figure 2, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free contraction, the welding stress is reduced, 6 welding personnel carry out welding in a left-right symmetrical mode;
m-2, welding a butt joint, welding a vertical fillet weld for the second time and welding a flat fillet weld for the reason that the welding joint with large shrinkage easily generates large welding stress;
m-3, generating larger welding stress on the welding line cross point, welding a transverse welding line when welding a plane cross welding line, and simultaneously, avoiding the cross point by the arc starting and the stern closing of the welding line, as shown in figure 3;
m-4, for the welding line with the length more than or equal to 6M, adopting a symmetrical welding method, a gradual desoldering method and a split-center desoldering method for welding, as shown in figure 4;
m-5, during multilayer welding, the welding directions of the upper layer and the lower layer are opposite, and the welding seam joints of all layers are staggered;
m-6, adopting a welding rod with a small diameter and a lower current as far as possible according to the specific situation of the structure;
m-7, for thicker components, a preheating method can be adopted, so that the temperature gradient during welding is reduced, and the welding stress is reduced;
m-8, in order to smoothen the large folding circular seam interface and reduce the phenomenon of unevenness, reverse deformation is preferably placed near the large folding circular seam when the strong component and the deck are assembled, a false frame is designed when the distance between the rib plate and the main strong structure from the large folding seam is more than 500MM, and the linear section is cut by 10 multiplied by 300 excess material number to ensure the linear smoothness until the sectional large folding seam is completely welded and disassembled;
m-9, cutting allowance and grooving by adopting a semi-automatic gas cutting machine, and grooving the welding groove at one time according to the requirement of a drawing.
Each section folding of the lower floating body comprises middle total section folding and bow-stern section folding; the middle total segment folding comprises the folding of a reference total segment and the folding of a non-reference total segment, and after the girth welding shrinkage is considered in dock positioning at the rib position of a large folding interface of the middle total segment, the assembly error is controlled within +3/-0 mm; the bow-stern subsection folding comprises the folding of a stern subsection and the folding of a bow subsection, after the large circular seam of the subsection is welded, the next subsection is welded, the folding positioning precision and the welding completion precision meet the precision control requirement, the center positioning and the cylinder size of the lower floating body surrounding well cylinder are measured in a tracking mode in the whole process, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s3.1, folding of the reference total section:
s3.1.1, as shown in FIG. 1, hanging the H12C total segment (number 01) on the dock, and primarily determining the height and horizontal position of the segment according to the base line height;
s3.1.2, adjusting the center of the segment by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster to make the structure center board coincide with the bottom center marking line, and adjusting the segment rib inspection line to make the segment rib inspection line coincide with the dock rib inspection line;
s3.1.3, erecting a total station or theodolite at a proper position and a proper height to determine the levelness of the section;
s3.1.4, retesting and recording each position data, which must accord with CSQS, and reporting acceptance;
s3.2, folding of the non-reference total section:
s3.2.1, 9 total blocks (serial number 02-10) of the non-reference total block, see the middle area in figure 1, the total block is transported to the dock, and the total station and the three-dimensional level adjusting instrument are used to make the segment center line coincide with the dock center line;
s3.2.2, adjusting the segment levelness by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjusting instrument;
s3.2.3, measuring the distance between two segmental inspection rib lines;
s3.2.4, performing tack welding and additionally installing a comb-shaped horse as required to be welded;
s3.2.5, repeatedly testing and recording each position data, which must meet CSQS standard;
s3.3, folding the stern section:
s3.3.1, 4 independent subsections (serial numbers 11, 12, 15 and 16) are arranged on the stern subsection, and referring to the stern area in the attached figure 1, the subsections are hung on the dock installation position, the submersible pump is hung in the cabin in advance, and the subsections keep the minimum distance with the adjacent subsections;
s3.3.2, positioning the rib line, and marking the cross center line of the round-hole cylinder on the dock and the segment respectively, so that the segment precision is effectively controlled;
s3.3.3, aligning the center line of the segment with the center line of the dock by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.4, checking the base line and the cross center line by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.5, checking the height of the stern end point by a total station or a laser theodolite to make the height of the stern end point coincide with the height of the stern end point on the height marker post;
s3.3.6, adjusting the segment levelness by a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.7, determining longitudinal and vertical allowance values of the segment according to the distance between the rib inspection line and waterline of the segment and the adjacent segment, marking and cutting the allowance lines, supporting the segment and adding comb-shaped horses or sealing and welding the segment and the adjacent segment;
s3.3.8, repeatedly testing and recording each position data, which must meet CSQS standard;
s3.4, folding the stem sections:
s3.4.1, 4 grouped segments ( serial numbers 13, 14, 17 and 18) are arranged at the bow, and the segments are lifted to the dock according to the positions and the minimum distance between the segments and the adjacent segments and are folded according to the lifting sequence in the bow area in the attached figure 1;
s3.4.2, positioning a rib line, and marking a cross center line of the box body on the dock and the subsection respectively to effectively control the subsection precision;
s3.4.3, positioning the rib line and the bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and aligning the rib line and the bow end point on the dock;
s3.4.4, calibrating the segment by using a total station or a laser theodolite to align the central line of the segment with the central line of the dock;
s3.4.5, checking the base line with a total station or a laser theodolite to make it equal to the corresponding height on the height marker post;
s3.4.6, checking the height of the bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite to enable the height to be equal to the corresponding height on the height marker post;
s3.4.7, adjusting the segment levelness by a total station or a laser theodolite, and calibrating the cross center line;
s3.4.8, drawing allowance lines, cutting, supporting the segments, and welding with comb-shaped frame or seal welding;
s3.4.9, repeatedly testing and recording each position data, which must meet CSQS standard;
according to the embodiment, the preparation before the lower floating body is segmented and folded and the preparation of dock folding are carried out, so that the external dimension, the related tightness and the like meet the requirements, all datum lines are surveyed, all tools are installed in place, all marks are marked, sufficient preparation is made for subsequent folding, and the folding quality is ensured; the lower floating body is folded in sequence by taking a middle reference total section as a positioning section and taking a cross center line of a surrounding well cylinder as a reference, when the subsequent sections are folded, the deformation condition of the previously folded sections is measured and checked, the base line is continued after being leveled, meanwhile, the reverse deformation compensation value of the section folding is kept, the deformation caused by welding and pier arrangement is controlled, and the adjustment is carried out in time during the folding process, so that the positioning precision and the folding quality of each section of the lower floating body are ensured; when welding, the welding is performed from the middle to the left and the right and the front and the back in a dispersed and symmetrical mode, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free contraction, and the welding stress is reduced.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A lower float carrying method is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of preparing a lower floating body before section folding, preparing dock folding and folding each section of the lower floating body; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the lower floating body before the segment closure:
s1.1, during the subsection construction of each lower floating body, the correct installation of the structure, no missing installation and wrong installation are ensured, the plate seams are butted and leveled, the surface installation of the bulk parts is complete, and the outer plate and the free edge are polished smoothly;
s1.2, reporting and checking the relevant confidentiality of each segment of the lower floating body to be qualified, and completing various identifications;
s1.3, measuring the external dimensions of the lower floating body after all the sections are finished, wherein the external dimensions meet the tolerance standard, the precision is reported and tested to be qualified, and rib inspection lines and section center lines on all the sections are completely surveyed;
s1.4, completely installing each subsection pre-outfitting tray of the lower floating body, installing a lifting ring, and installing various reinforcing tools in place;
s1.5, welding in each section of the lower floating body meets the requirement through inspection, reserving a 300mm slow welding area at a section folding port, and performing burning welding after the section folding is finished so as to facilitate fine adjustment of components during alignment;
s1.6, finishing coating of each section of the lower floating body;
s2, preparing dock closure:
s2.1, flushing the dock, cleaning redundant sundries, and scribing according to the installation position;
s2.2, surveying and marking a cross central line, a hull central line, a ship width inspection line, a segmented closure seam section line, a fore-aft end line and a rib inspection line of a trunk barrel at the bottom of a dock by using a total station or a laser radial filling instrument according to the space position of the dock, wherein each marking line is marked by a nick, and the deviation of the central line is +/-1 mm;
s2.3, arranging waterlines of-300 mm on the ship base line at the east and west sides of the dock, marking each section in the ship length direction at the same position as the section rib inspection line, and marking with obvious paint;
s2.4, arranging pier wood at the bottom of the ship, wherein the pier wood is horizontal, firm and reliable, the ship body is ensured to have enough rigidity in the folding process, and the contact surface of the ship body and each sectional outer plate is paved with the tablecloth and smeared with the talcum powder;
s3, folding each section of the lower floating body: each section folding of the lower floating body comprises middle total section folding and bow-stern section folding; the middle total segment folding comprises the folding of a reference total segment and the folding of a non-reference total segment, and after the girth welding shrinkage is considered in dock positioning at the rib position of a large folding interface of the middle total segment, the assembly error is controlled within +3/-0 mm; the bow-stern subsection folding comprises the folding of a stern subsection and the folding of a bow subsection, after the large circular seam of the subsection is welded, the next subsection is welded, the folding positioning precision and the welding completion precision meet the precision control requirement, the center positioning of a lower floating body surrounding well cylinder body and the size of the cylinder body are measured in a tracking mode in the whole process, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s3.1, folding of the reference total section:
s3.1.1, hanging the total section on the dock, and primarily determining the height and the horizontal position of the section according to the height of the base line;
s3.1.2, adjusting the center of the segment by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster to make the structure center board coincide with the bottom center marking line, and adjusting the segment rib inspection line to make the segment rib inspection line coincide with the dock rib inspection line;
s3.1.3, erecting a total station or a theodolite to determine the levelness of the section;
s3.1.4, retesting and recording each position data;
s3.2, folding of the non-reference total section:
s3.2.1, 9 non-reference sections, transporting the sections to the dock, and making the center line of the sections coincide with the center line of the dock by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjuster;
s3.2.2, adjusting the segment levelness by using a total station and a three-dimensional level adjusting instrument;
s3.2.3, measuring the distance between two segmental inspection rib lines;
s3.2.4, performing tack welding and additionally installing a comb-shaped horse as required to be welded;
s3.2.5, retesting and recording each position data;
s3.3, folding the stern section:
s3.3.1, 4 independent subsections are arranged on the stern subsection, the subsection is hoisted to the installation position of the ship dock, the submersible pump is hoisted into the cabin in advance, and the minimum distance is kept between the subsection and the adjacent subsection;
s3.3.2, positioning the rib line, and marking the cross center line of the round-hole cylinder on the dock and the segment respectively, so that the segment precision is effectively controlled;
s3.3.3, aligning the center line of the segment with the center line of the dock by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.4, checking the base line and the cross center line by using a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.5, checking the height of the stern end point by a total station or a laser theodolite to make the height of the stern end point coincide with the height of the stern end point on the height marker post;
s3.3.6, adjusting the segment levelness by a total station or a laser theodolite;
s3.3.7, determining longitudinal and vertical allowance values of the segment according to the distance between the rib inspection line and waterline of the segment and the adjacent segment, marking and cutting the allowance lines, supporting the segment and adding comb-shaped horses or sealing and welding the segment and the adjacent segment;
s3.3.8, retesting and recording each position data;
s3.4, folding the stem sections:
s3.4.1, 4 grouped segments are arranged on the bow, the segments are hoisted to the dock according to the position, the minimum distance is kept between the segments and the adjacent segments, and the segments are folded according to the hoisting sequence;
s3.4.2, positioning a rib line, and marking a cross center line of the box body on the dock and the subsection respectively to effectively control the subsection precision;
s3.4.3, positioning the rib line and the bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite, and aligning the rib line and the bow end point on the dock;
s3.4.4, calibrating the segment by using a total station or a laser theodolite to align the central line of the segment with the central line of the dock;
s3.4.5, checking the base line with a total station or a laser theodolite to make it equal to the corresponding height on the height marker post;
s3.4.6, checking the height of the bow end point by using a total station or a laser theodolite to enable the height to be equal to the corresponding height on the height marker post;
s3.4.7, adjusting the segment levelness by a total station or a laser theodolite, and calibrating the cross center line;
s3.4.8, drawing allowance lines, cutting, supporting the segments, and welding with comb-shaped frame or seal welding;
s3.4.9, retesting and recording each position data.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the following requirements are required to be satisfied when the sections of the lower floating body are closed:
the lower floating body is folded in sequence by taking the middle reference total section as a positioning section and taking the cross center line of the surrounding well cylinder as a reference;
aligning the center line of the positioning reference block section with the scribed center line of the dock, checking the base line mark, adjusting the horizontal heights of the four corners, and fixing the four corners by inclined struts and embedded parts of the dock;
during subsequent segment folding, measuring and checking the deformation condition of the previously closed segment, and only continuing after the base line is leveled, and simultaneously, keeping the segment folding reversible deformation compensation value, controlling the deformation caused by welding and pier laying, and ensuring the folding precision of the lower floating body;
the dock pier wood is arranged at the structure and avoids the pile flushing system, the drainage plug, the openings of the outer plates and the marks of the outer plates;
in the dock building stage, the piers are tightly hammered once per week, the deflection of the bottom of the ship is measured, the data is checked and recorded, and the proper adjustment is carried out according to the actual situation so as to ensure that the tolerance requirement is met;
the welding material of the positioning welding is the same as the welding material of the main welding seam, otherwise, the welding material of the positioning welding is cleaned before formal welding;
the folding positioning code and the welding line form an included angle of 60-75 degrees, and the base material is removed and polished completely without damaging the base material;
in order to ensure the structure continuity, the structure alignment is ensured when the structure is folded, and the precision alignment deviation meets the requirement;
in the secondary derusting subsection, the end seams at the large seams, the welding seam areas at the end parts of the components and the dock bulk parts are not painted and protected by adhesive tapes;
all the large closure welding lines can be painted after being subjected to tightness tests, and the tightness tests can be carried out after the integrity of the formed sealed areas is reported and tested according to the production progress;
in the folding process, the distance error between the positioning rib position line of each segment and the corresponding positioning rib position line on the dock is within +5 mm;
the provision of the overwelding holes is that the nonwatertight overwelding holes of the folded longitudinal members are all R35mm/R50mm, the watertight overwelding holes are 50mmX10mm, and the watertight overwelding holes are filled after welding;
welding: the annular welding seams are symmetrically welded when the lower floating body is folded, a correct welding sequence is selected, and the method of preheating welding components is adopted, so that the deformation and the internal stress of the structure are effectively reduced.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: in the step A, when all sections of the lower floating body are folded, the bottom plate, the deck, the longitudinal wall plate, the transverse wall plate, the strong frame and the longitudinal frame are folded and butt-jointed by adopting CO2Or manual welding with low-hydrogen welding rods, automatic submerged arc welding, and vertical gas welding for the outer plate.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: in the M welding, the following requirements need to be met:
m-1, welding should be conducted from the middle to the left and right and front and back in a dispersing and symmetrical mode, so that the welding seam has the possibility of free contraction, welding stress is reduced, 4-6 welding personnel are used, and welding is conducted in a left-right symmetrical mode;
m-2, welding a butt joint, welding a vertical fillet weld for the second time and welding a flat fillet weld for the reason that the welding joint with large shrinkage easily generates large welding stress;
m-3, the welding stress generated on the welding line cross point is larger, a transverse welding line is firstly welded when the plane cross welding line is welded, and the arc starting and the stern closing of the welding line are avoided from the cross point;
m-4, for the welding seam with the length more than or equal to 6M, adopting a symmetrical welding method, a gradual desoldering method and a split-center desoldering method to weld;
m-5, during multilayer welding, the welding directions of the upper layer and the lower layer are opposite, and the welding seam joints of all layers are staggered;
m-6, adopting a welding rod with a small diameter and a lower current according to the specific situation of the structure;
m-7, for thicker components, reducing the temperature gradient during welding by adopting a preheating method;
m-8, in order to smoothen the large folding circular seam interface and reduce the phenomenon of unevenness, reverse deformation is placed near the large folding circular seam when the strong component and the deck are assembled, a false frame is designed when the distance between the rib plate and the main strong structure from the large folding seam is more than 500MM, and the linear is cut by 10 x 300 excess material number to ensure the smoothness of the linear until the large folding of the segments is welded and disassembled;
m-9, cutting allowance and grooving by adopting a semi-automatic gas cutting machine, and grooving the welding groove at one time according to the requirement of a drawing.
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