CN112318981A - 三层pvc热收缩标签膜 - Google Patents
三层pvc热收缩标签膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112318981A CN112318981A CN202011205244.5A CN202011205244A CN112318981A CN 112318981 A CN112318981 A CN 112318981A CN 202011205244 A CN202011205244 A CN 202011205244A CN 112318981 A CN112318981 A CN 112318981A
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- layer
- pvc
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- heat
- label film
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 72
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940006186 sodium polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- YAHBZWSDRFSFOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimethyltin(2+);2-(2-ethylhexoxy)-2-oxoethanethiolate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CS[Sn](C)(C)SCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC YAHBZWSDRFSFOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- OEIWPNWSDYFMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C=C1 OEIWPNWSDYFMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004209 oxidized polyethylene wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013873 oxidized polyethylene wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006257 Heat-shrinkable film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005493 welding type Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004605 External Lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004610 Internal Lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2425/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2425/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
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- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2433/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2433/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2433/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/12—Esters; Ether-esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出的三层PVC热收缩标签膜,对PVC热收缩标签膜结构和表层组成进行了重新设计,采用B/A/B三层共挤结构取代原单层PVC热收缩标签膜,其中芯层A采用提高热稳定剂用量增加的原单层PVC热收缩标签膜原料配方,表层B采用特殊的高频极化性更强的配方设计。本发明所述的三层PVC热收缩标签膜既能很好地保持PVC热收缩标签膜的热收缩性及其它相关物性指标,又可以降低PVC热收缩标签膜高频焊接过程中被整体击穿的几率和可能性,还可以大幅提升PVC薄膜表层的介电损耗和极化能力,使PVC膜材在较短的时间内达到熔融温度,并在电极板压力下实现封合,继而解决高频热封合速度偏慢的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于塑料薄膜加工技术领域,具体涉及三层PVC热收缩标签膜。
背景技术
收缩套标标签可以赋予瓶装饮料、食品等商品包装360°标签设计,通过印刷精美图案和绚丽色彩,在收缩、贴标包装后,形成较强的视觉冲击效果,凸显商品在超市货架上的完美形象和吸引力,便于品牌差异化设计和产品市场营销。因此,收缩套标成为小型容器类商品标签的重要组成和主要发展方向之一。受限于收缩套标标签的多色印刷和高速机械化应用过程,目前只有PVC、PETG、OPS等少量塑料品种适合,并被广泛应用于收缩套标材料。PVC热收缩标签膜是最早应用于热收缩套标标签的材料,其主要通过吹塑成型工艺加工生产,虽当前面临一定的环保压力,但仍是热收缩套标标签的主要材料之一。PVC热收缩套标标签是由PVC热收缩标签膜经印刷、分切、合掌、充检、套标等多道工序加工而成,其中,合掌工序是将已印刷、裁切好的片状单层膜,通过合掌机将胶水均匀涂在膜的合掌面,并施以一定压力,粘合成圆柱状筒料的过程。PVC热收缩标签膜合掌所用胶水是由环己酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯、异丙醇按照一定比例配混而成。上述组分均为有机溶剂,易燃易爆(不好保存),有一定毒性和挥发气味,在生产过程中,对现场操控人员身体及周边环境均有一定危害,也会使标签上有机物残留量增加。为了更好地解决传统合掌过程中胶水的环境污染和安全问题,借助PVC为极性材料,可高频焊接(热封合)的特性,通过压焊式高频焊接机,实现无胶水的单片标签膜热封合成筒状材料的合掌过程。即用高频热封合掌替代传统的胶水溶解粘合合掌。从而减少PVC热收缩标签膜合掌加工过程中有机物使用和排放(挥发)量,提升收缩套标标签的环保性。高频焊接,也称介电焊接,是一种利用极性塑料在高频电场作用下的介质滞后损耗产生内部发热进行焊接的方法。具有一定偶极矩的聚合物在高频电场的作用下,极性分子按照与电场相反的方向排列,产生取向极化(偶极极化)。当外加电场频率增加时,取向极化会滞后于电场变化而有相位差产生。相位滞后表明,完成偶极取向极化时需要克服分子作用所产生的阻力,而克服阻力是需要消耗能量的,这种能量的消耗,通常是一部分电场能以转化为热能的形式放出。在高频电场中偶极的频繁取向使分子链频繁振动摩擦,塑料内部发热升温直至熔融,在焊接电极压力作用下相互结合在一起。聚合物分子极化方向的改变频率愈高,也就是电场频率愈高,放出的热量也愈多。高频焊接时所消耗的能量(即塑料内部所产生的热量)不仅与塑料的体积有关,也与塑料在电场中的极化程度有关。介电常数ε和介电损耗角正切tanδ都是反映材料极化能力,表征塑料介电性能的物理量。其中介电常数表示在单位电场中,单位体积内积蓄的静电能量的大小。它表征电介质极化并储存电荷的能力,是综合反映电介质极化行为的宏观物理量。介电损耗角正切又称介质损耗角正切,是指电介质在单位时间内每单位体积中,将电能转化为热能(以发热形式)而消耗的能量。传统的PVC热收缩标签膜的介电常数ε为3.3-3.4,介电损耗角正切tanδ为95-98×10-4,是可以采用高频焊接的。但由于材料的介电损耗能力偏低,高频焊接时需要1-3s,甚至更长的焊接时间,而当前规模化标签印刷企业的工业化胶水合掌速度为300-450m/min,也就是0.13-0.20s/m。因此,现有PVC热收缩标签膜不能实现与胶水合掌速率相当的快速高频热封合。另外,高频焊接为避免产生电击穿,一般要求待焊塑料的厚度≥0.1mm,而常规PVC热收缩标签膜产品的厚度为0.038-0.05mm。双层叠合起来的厚度为0.076-0.1mm,比要求偏薄一些。提升高频焊接的电压,电场会增强,相应的焊接速度将加快。但电压过高,有可能击穿塑料。所以,通过提高高频焊接电压来提升热封合速度的方法存有一定局限性,提升的空间有限。提升高频电场频率,能更有效的改善焊接时消耗的能量密度,也就是可以更大幅度的提高焊接速度。但受限于高频发生器的装备技术,以及设备运行的经济性,高频电场频率通常用27.12MHz,PVC热收缩标签膜的高频热封合也不例外。
因此,要解决上述问题,需要研发一种改变PVC热收缩标签膜材料的介电性能的PVC热收缩标签膜,以提升PVC膜的高频热封合能力。
发明内容
本发明提出一种三层PVC热收缩标签膜,克服上述缺陷,解决上述问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供三层PVC热收缩标签膜,包括:第一表层、芯层和第二表层,所述芯层设置于所述第一表层和所述第二表层之间,所述第一表层、芯层和第二表层的厚度比例为10~15:70~80:10~15。
作为一种优选方案,所述第一表层和第二表层的配方按重量份为:聚氯乙烯树脂PVC100份、硫醇甲基锡2.5份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯4份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物2份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物4份、硬脂酸植物脂肪酸酯0.3-0.5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡复合物0.3-0.5份、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯2-3份、聚苯乙烯磺酸钠和聚甲基丙烯酸钠混合物2.0-2.5份。
作为一种优选方案,所述聚苯乙烯磺酸钠和聚甲基丙烯酸钠的重量比为1:1。
作为一种优选方案,所述聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的分子量为5万-10万,所述聚甲基丙烯酸钠的分子量为1.5万-2万。
作为一种优选方案,所述芯层的配方按重量份为:聚氯乙烯树脂PVC100份、硫醇甲基锡2.5份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯4.5份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物2份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物4份、硬脂酸植物脂肪酸酯1份、氧化聚乙烯蜡复合物0.7份。
与现有技术相比,本发明提出的三层PVC热收缩标签膜,对PVC热收缩标签膜结构和表层组成进行了重新设计,采用B/A/B三层共挤结构取代原单层PVC热收缩标签膜,其中芯层A采用提高热稳定剂用量增加的原单层PVC热收缩标签膜原料配方,表层B采用特殊的高频极化性更强的配方设计,其优点是:
(1)芯层整体沿用原PVC热收缩标签膜原料配方,一是可以很好保持PVC热收缩标签膜的热收缩性及其它相关物性指标,二是可以借助芯层的较厚组成和相对较弱的高频极化能力,在PVC膜高频热封合过程中降低电流通过的能量和速率,起到一定缓冲作用,降低PVC热收缩标签膜高频焊接过程中被整体击穿的几率和可能性,使偏薄的PVC热收缩标签膜适应高频(焊接)热封合工艺。提高热稳定剂用量,目的是提高PVC膜的使用稳定性,降低PVC膜高频热封合过程中的热降解量,更好保持薄膜性能,减少降解挥发物产生。
(2)标签膜合掌或高频热封合,主要为表层的粘结。表层配方是实现PVC热收缩标签膜快速高频热封合的关键,也是本发明设计的重点。PVC热收缩膜配方中通过加入带有电荷的聚合物——聚电解质,大幅提升PVC薄膜表层的介电损耗和极化能力,在高频焊接高压电场中,表现出更强的自热能力,可以使PVC膜材在较短的时间内达到熔融温度,并在电极板压力下实现封合。继而解决高频热封合速度偏慢的问题。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例,也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。
本发明对PVC热收缩标签膜结构和表层组成进行了重新设计,采用B/A/B三层共挤结构取代原单层PVC热收缩标签膜,其中芯层A采用提高热稳定剂用量增加的原单层PVC热收缩标签膜原料配方,表层B采用特殊的高频极化性更强的配方设计。三层厚度比例设计为:10-15/70-80/10-15。
1、表层B的配方如表1:
表1
针对于表1,需说明是,表1中聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的平均分子量为5万-10万,聚甲基丙烯酸钠的分子量为1.5万-2万。
2、表层B的设计主体思路为:
(1)利用聚电解质材料,提升PVC热收缩标签膜材料的介电损耗和极化能力,通过提高材料的介电常数和介电损耗角正切值,大幅提升高频焊接时所消耗的能量,即薄膜内部所产生的热量,加速焊接处塑料熔融,缩短焊接时间。
(2)聚电解质是一种带有电荷的聚合物,其结构单元上含有能电离的基团,分子具有很高的极性。在PVC配方体系中加入聚电解质,配混完成后,其可以较好的以纳米颗粒形态存在,在离子配对效应下,能驱动其纳米颗粒自动排列生成条带状的纳米形系统。聚电解质能电离的基团增加了材料的极性,使材料的介电常数提高。在电场作用下的极化过程中,其不仅因极化取向运动更快更剧烈,使材料内部产生更多的摩擦热、分子松弛损耗热能(克服介质的内粘滞阻力),还会产生电导损耗,聚电解质含有能导电的载流子,在外电场作用下,会产生电导电流,消耗一部分电能转化为热能。
(3)在快速高频热封合PVC热收缩标签膜配方中,以1:1的组合方式加入了两种分别带有强、弱电荷的聚电解质,即聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(带强电荷)和聚甲基丙烯酸钠(带弱电荷)。采用这种组合方式,是利用两种聚电解质偶极矩的不同,以及它们与PVC基体材料相容性的差异,在高频焊接过程中使PVC膜材料内产生不同的相位差,不同相位差之间相互交叉影响,加大分子完成偶极化取向的阻力,提高分子链振动摩擦的取向运动频率,加快塑料内部发热熔融速度。由于聚电解质材料在电场作用下会产生电导电流,因此配方中该物质不能添加过多,应控制在5重量份以内,本发明采用2.0-2.5的重量份配比。
(4)配方中加入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PMMA。PMMA与PVC的溶解度参数接近,两者具有很好地相容性,其在PVC膜配方中可以改善PVC材料的加工性能,并因此可以降低能削弱PVC材料介电损耗能力的润滑剂用量。同时,PMMA与本发明配方中使用的聚电解质分子链结构相似,可作为聚电解质与PVC的增容剂,提高聚电解质材料在PVC体系中的相容性。聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯介电常数ε为3.3-3.9,介电损耗角正切tanδ为400-600×10-4,高于PVC材料,该材料的加入对PVC膜介电损耗能力提升也具有一定积极作用。
(5)PVC热收缩标签膜作为一种标签材料,需要具有良好的收缩和较佳的印刷性能,面层与芯层之间物料还应具有良好的互熔性。因此,PVC热收缩标签膜面层配方设计,还需兼顾这些问题。为此,本发明面层配方中其它助剂组成与芯层配方构成差异不大,所进行的变动主要是因聚电解质和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯加入对PVC体系产生影响的相应调整。
3、上述配方的成型设备及工艺如下:
快速高频热封合PVC热收缩标签膜为三层共挤薄膜结构设计,因此,需要采用二或三台挤出机塑化挤出物料,本发明采用两台挤出机的塑化挤出设备组合方式。机头采用三层共挤吹膜机头。将表层B原料加入第一料斗之中混合,再送至第一单螺杆挤出机再由第一过滤装置过滤,将表层B混合料送达三层共挤吹膜机头(+风环);将芯层A原料加入第二料斗之中混合,再送至第二单螺杆挤出机再由第二过滤装置过滤,将芯层A混合料送达三层共挤吹膜机头(+风环)挤出,经二泡水浴加热热收缩吹膜辅机处理后,由卷取机上卷,获得半成品。
芯层挤出机塑化好的物料,经过过滤装置过滤后的熔体,通过三层共挤吹膜机头的中间层入口流道进入吹膜机头;表层挤出机塑化好的物料,经过过滤装置过滤后的熔体,通过机头内外层入口流道进入吹膜机头,并进一步依内部流道分为内层和外层料流。三股熔体料流在机头前端汇合成三层共挤的熔体流,通过吹膜机头上部的环形缝隙流出,经风环冷却和牵引辊牵伸成型为三层共挤薄膜。
4、物料混合(捏合工艺)
面层与芯层分别按照配方比例称取PVC原料和相关助剂,并按照以下顺序加料混合制备成干混料。
①高速混合机转动过程中投加PVC树脂、热稳定剂、增塑剂;
②高速混合机温度升高到75-80℃时,投加增强剂、加工助剂、内润滑剂;
③高速混合机温度升高到95-100℃时,投加外润滑剂、聚电解质;
④高速混合机温度升高到125℃左右时,将混合料放入冷却混合机(外套通循环水,降温)中低速(≤200rpm)搅拌冷却;
⑤冷却混合机温度到45℃以下时出料,获得干混料,备用。
5、吹塑成型
(1)工艺流程:面层配料由第一挤出机塑化后通过第一过滤装置过滤,芯层配料由第二挤出机塑化后通过第二过滤装置过滤,然后面层配料与芯层配料进入三层吹膜机头,依次经风环冷却、筒状膜泡、第一人字板、双层厚膜、水浴加热、二次吹胀、冷却定型、第二人字板、卷曲(半成品)、分切、包装(成品)。
(2)挤出吹膜:
设备:
面层:单螺杆挤出机,带混炼头的屏障型螺杆,螺杆直径45mm,螺杆长径比29.5:1,压缩比2.8:1。
芯层:单螺杆挤出机,带混炼头的屏障型螺杆,螺杆直径65mm,螺杆长径比29.5:1,压缩比2.8:1。
吹膜模具
三层共挤吹膜成型加工方式采用三层内复合吹膜机头。口模直径130mm,口模间隙0.8mm.
双风口风环。风环进风采用自然风。
挤出机温度:
面层:145-150℃,150-155℃,160-165℃,175-185℃,170-180℃。
芯层:145-150℃,150-155℃,160-165℃,175-185℃,170-180℃。
连接段温度:175-180℃。
机头温度:180-190℃,190-200℃,203-208℃。
水浴加热温度78-81℃.
下面介绍上述配方所制得的产品的具体实施例:
实施例1
在本实施例中,芯层与面层比例设计为:10/80/10
实施例2
在本实施例中,芯层与面层比例设计为:15/70/15
实施例3
在本实施例中,芯层与面层比例设计为:10/80/10
对比例
薄膜性能及应用测试
(1)常规指标检测分析,包括薄膜折径(宽度)、厚度、收缩率、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。
热收缩标签薄膜测试性能对比如表2:
表2
(2)薄膜高频焊接性能测试,介电常数和介电损耗角正切。
采用外购压焊式高频焊接机,高频焊接为自动控制设计,根据设定的参数启动、停止和工作运行。
高频压焊机输出功率为5KW,工作频率为27.12MHz,焊接用电压范围为4KV-10KV,根据高频热封合情况调整电压及焊接速度,在不放电情况下,尽量维持较高电压下高速运行。压焊机靠机械力用电极板压紧待焊接塑料膜,接触压力为400-560KPa,工作接触压力为500KPa.电极压板工作长度350mm.压板采用自动恒温控制,压板温度设置为30℃。焊后冷却时间设定为加热时间的20%,由程序自动操控。
焊接宽度为4-5mm,与胶水合掌宽度一致,测试过程采用4mm的焊接宽度,焊接深度为0.2-0.5mm,薄膜越厚,焊接深度选用的数值越大。测试中两层0.042mm厚度薄膜焊接深度选取0.25mm。
(3)合掌测试,满足合掌要求,且高频焊接无放电现象出现的最高工作电压;该工作状态下的高频焊接(热封合合掌)运行速度。
需说明的是,PVC热收缩标签膜合掌合格判定标准如下:
①两层薄膜粘合牢固,无法手动拉开;(无溢胶、渗透现象;)
②使用拉伸试验机强力拉伸时,薄膜断裂不应发生在薄膜粘合处。
热收缩标签薄膜高频热封合性能对比如表3:
表3
应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (5)
1.三层PVC热收缩标签膜,其特征是,包括:第一表层、芯层和第二表层,所述芯层设置于所述第一表层和所述第二表层之间,所述第一表层、芯层和第二表层的厚度比例为10~15:70~80:10~15。
2.如权利要求1所述的三层PVC热收缩标签膜,其特征是:所述第一表层和第二表层的配方按重量份为:聚氯乙烯树脂PVC100份、硫醇甲基锡2.5份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯4份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物2份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物4份、硬脂酸植物脂肪酸酯0.3-0.5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡复合物0.3-0.5份、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯2-3份、聚苯乙烯磺酸钠和聚甲基丙烯酸钠混合物2.0-2.5份。
3.如权利要求2所述的三层PVC热收缩标签膜,其特征是:所述聚苯乙烯磺酸钠和聚甲基丙烯酸钠的重量比为1:1。
4.如权利要求3所述的三层PVC热收缩标签膜,其特征是:所述聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的分子量为5万-10万,所述聚甲基丙烯酸钠的分子量为1.5万-2万。
5.如权利要求1所述的三层PVC热收缩标签膜,其特征是:所述芯层的配方按重量份为:聚氯乙烯树脂PVC100份、硫醇甲基锡2.5份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯4.5份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物2份、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物4份、硬脂酸植物脂肪酸酯1份、氧化聚乙烯蜡复合物0.7份。
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