CN112317764A

CN112317764A - Laser vibration material disk equipment

Info

Publication number: CN112317764A
Application number: CN202011103653.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡燕; 赵芳; 朱德华; 曹宇; 薛伟
Original assignee: Wenzhou University
Current assignee: Wenzhou University
Priority date: 2020-10-15
Filing date: 2020-10-15
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-15
Also published as: CN112317764B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and discloses laser additive manufacturing equipment which comprises a rack, wherein a first-shape track, a laser cladding seat and a second-shape track are sequentially arranged on the rack from top to bottom, a laser cladding mechanism is arranged on the laser cladding seat, the first-shape track and the second-shape track are different in shape, and a switching connecting mechanism used for being connected with the first-shape track and the second-shape track in a switching mode is arranged on the laser cladding seat. According to the laser cladding device, the switching connection mechanism is scientifically arranged, so that different tracks can be integrated in a pioneering manner, and laser cladding of most parts without dead angles is realized, so that the problem that laser additive manufacturing equipment in the prior art is poor in flexibility is solved, the whole equipment is more flexible, the equipment adaptability is wide, and the working efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Laser vibration material disk equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to laser additive manufacturing equipment.

Background

The laser additive manufacturing technology is expected to realize the structural function integrated processing of the metal component, and is a research hotspot in the advanced manufacturing industry. According to different process characteristics, the currently common laser additive manufacturing technology can be divided into two types of laser cladding deposition and laser selective melting.

The laser cladding technology is a novel surface coating technology for multiple subjects such as light collection, mechanics, electricity, computers, materials and the like, and is mainly applied to military industry, aerospace, ship industry, wind power and hydropower projects and the like. The technology is characterized in that alloy materials or metal powder is preset on a metal surface needing repairing or remanufacturing, or an automatic feeding device (a powder feeder or a wire feeder) is adopted to convey the alloy materials or the metal powder to the metal surface in a laser melting process, and the alloy materials or the metal powder is melted by a high-energy laser beam to be fused with the surface of a substrate to form a low-dilution cladding layer combined with the surface of the substrate. The cladding layer obtained by laser cladding has the advantages of corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and good shock resistance. In addition, the use of the technology does not produce environmental pollution.

The existing laser cladding device mainly has the following problems that 1, the flexibility is poor, the laser cladding device can only run according to a fixed track under general conditions, the requirements of different parts cannot be met, for example, a linear track cannot complete cladding of a circular part with high efficiency, and conversely, the cladding efficiency of the linear part by the circular track is also low; 2. the cladding difficulty is large, and the mechanism angle that is generally used for positioning the work piece can't be changed, leads to some edges of work piece not enough to spill, causes to clad inadequately, and cladding is inhomogeneous.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide laser additive manufacturing equipment to solve the problem that the laser additive manufacturing equipment in the prior art is poor in flexibility.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a laser vibration material disk equips, includes the frame, has set gradually first shape track, laser cladding seat and second shape track from last to down in the frame, and the last laser cladding mechanism that installs of laser cladding seat, the shape of first shape track and second shape track is different, installs on the laser cladding seat to be used for switching the connection at the orbital switching coupling mechanism of first shape track and second shape.

The technical principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

according to the invention, by arranging the switching connection mechanism, the laser cladding mechanism can be connected to the first-shape track or the second-shape track through the laser cladding seat, and the two tracks with different shapes can enable the laser cladding mechanism to run on different tracks, so that the laser cladding mechanism is suitable for parts with more shapes, is more flexible and improves the working efficiency.

According to the invention, by scientifically arranging the switching connection mechanism, different tracks can be integrated in a pioneering manner, and laser cladding of most parts without dead angles is realized, so that the whole equipment is more flexible, the adaptability of the equipment is widened, and the working efficiency is obviously improved.

Furthermore, a positioning seat is connected to the rack in a sliding manner, a positioning column for positioning the workpiece is mounted on the positioning seat, and a transformation mechanism for transforming the angle of the positioning framework is further mounted on the positioning seat.

Has the advantages that: the arrangement of the conversion mechanism can ensure that the positioning seat can convert any angle, and the multi-track arrangement is matched, so that the laser cladding can be better carried out on the dead angle part of the workpiece, the laser cladding difficulty is reduced, the workpiece quality is improved, and the working efficiency is also improved.

Further, the switching connection mechanism comprises a slide rod connected to the laser cladding seat in a sliding mode, a groove formed in the first-shaped track and a support rod connected to the groove in a sliding mode, a connection hole for the slide rod to penetrate through is formed in the support rod, and a connecting piece used for being connected with the support rod is installed on the slide rod; the bottom of the slide bar is provided with a roller.

Has the advantages that: the slide bar slides towards the second shape track, the roller wheel abuts against the second shape track, and the roller wheel rotates to drive the laser cladding seat to move in the second shape track; the sliding rod slides towards the first-shaped track, penetrates through the connecting hole of the supporting rod, is connected with the supporting rod through the connecting piece, slides the supporting rod, and drives the laser cladding seat to slide on the second-shaped track through the sliding rod; therefore, the laser cladding seat can be flexibly switched between the first shape track and the second shape track.

Furthermore, open the cavity that has with external intercommunication on the slide bar, the connecting piece sets up in the cavity, the connecting piece includes first voussoir and the second voussoir of sliding connection in the cavity, first voussoir and second voussoir offset, be connected with first spring between first voussoir and the slide bar, be connected with the second spring between second voussoir and the slide bar, first voussoir stretches out in the cavity upper end, sliding connection has the pneumatic cylinder in the frame, the output shaft fixedly connected with of pneumatic cylinder supports the board, first voussoir can offset and first voussoir can slide on supporting the board with supporting the board.

Has the advantages that: the slide bar penetrates through the connecting hole, the first wedge block at the top end of the slide bar is contacted with the abutting plate and continues to move, the first wedge block is blocked by the abutting plate, the first wedge block slides into the cavity of the slide bar, the first wedge block pushes the second wedge block to slide out of the cavity, one part of the second wedge block is reserved in the cavity, one part of the second wedge block is contacted with the support bar, the support bar supports the second wedge block, so that the slide bar is connected with the support bar, and the support bar can drive the laser cladding seat to move on the first-shaped track through the slide bar; when the track is switched, the hydraulic cylinder is started, the hydraulic cylinder drives the abutting plate to move towards the direction far away from the first wedge block, the first wedge block is reset under the thrust of the first spring, the second spring pulls the second wedge block to reset, the second wedge block is separated from the supporting rod, and the two sliding rods can slide out of the connecting holes.

Furthermore, the magnetic block is inhaled to first voussoir upper end fixedly connected with magnetism, and the magnetic block is inhaled to fixedly connected with annular magnetism in the frame, and the magnetic pole of magnetic block and annular magnetism is inhaled the piece and is inhaled the piece opposite, and magnetic block sliding connection is inhaled on the piece to annular magnetism.

Has the advantages that: first voussoir is inhaled mutually through magnetism piece and annular magnetism and is inhaled the piece, and during the slide bar motion, magnetism is inhaled the piece and can be slided on annular magnetism and inhale the piece mutually, and magnetism is inhaled piece and annular magnetism and is inhaled the piece mutually moreover, strengthens bracing piece and slide linkage's stability for laser cladding seat moves more steadily.

Furthermore, the two slide bars are symmetrical, the two connecting holes in the supporting rod are also symmetrical, magnets are arranged at the opposite positions of the two second wedge blocks, the two second wedge blocks slide out of the slide bars and are abutted through the two magnets, and the magnetic poles of the two magnets are opposite.

Has the advantages that: the slide bar sets up two, and two second voussoirs roll-off cavities back will be fixed through magnet looks attraction for the second voussoir is more stable, has improved the stability of being connected with the bracing piece, has further improved the stationarity of operation.

Further, the changing mechanism comprises a ball body block fixed at the bottom of the positioning seat, a positioning column used for positioning a workpiece is arranged on the positioning seat, an arc-shaped groove used for being matched with the ball body block is formed in the bottom of the positioning column, a ring-shaped block is fixedly connected onto the positioning seat, an elastic ring-shaped pad is connected onto the ring-shaped block in a sliding mode, a plurality of third springs are evenly distributed between the elastic ring-shaped pad and the ring-shaped block, the elastic ring-shaped pad is attached to the positioning column, and a pushing claw is connected onto.

Has the advantages that: the workpiece is fixed on the positioning column, the push claw is slid to a proper position, the bottom of the positioning column is matched with the spherical block through the arc-shaped groove, so that the positioning column can move at any angle, the positioning column is pushed by the push claw to extrude the elastic annular pad to deviate to one side, the dead angle of the workpiece leaks to the laser cladding mechanism, the laser cladding mechanism can easily perform laser cladding on the dead angle of the workpiece, and the cladding difficulty is further reduced.

Further: the section of the annular block is U-shaped, the elastic annular pad is connected in the U-shaped groove of the annular block in a sliding mode, and the third spring is connected between the bottom of the U-shaped groove and the elastic annular pad.

Has the advantages that: through the U-shaped design of the annular block, the elastic annular pad can be inserted into the annular block to guide the movement of the elastic annular pad, so that the operation of the elastic annular pad is more stable.

Further: the elastic annular cushion is a rubber annular cushion.

Has the advantages that: the elasticity of rubber annular pad is better, and when the reference column moved, rubber annular pad still can tightly be wrapped up the reference column for after the reference column motion stopped, can steadily stop in situ, guarantee that laser cladding goes on smoothly.

Further: one end of the push claw close to the positioning column is fixedly connected with an arc push plate matched with the outer wall of the positioning column.

Has the advantages that: the arc push plate is arranged, so that when the push claw pushes the positioning column, the arc push plate is better attached to the positioning column and matched with the third spring to tightly hold the positioning column, and the positioning can be stably stopped at the movement end point.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front partial cross-sectional view of a laser additive manufacturing apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a partial top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at A1 in FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the positioning seat and the changing mechanism in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a rack 1, a laser cladding seat 2, a second linear track 3, a support plate 4, a first circular track 5, a support rod 6, a slide rod 7, a laser cladding mechanism 8, a positioning seat 9, a spherical block 10, a positioning column 11, a push claw 12, an annular block 13, an annular rubber block 14, a support plate 15, a first wedge block 16, a second wedge block 17, a magnet 18, an annular magnetic suction block 19, a magnetic suction block 20 and a sliding groove 21.

Example one

See in particular fig. 1, 2 and 4:

the invention provides laser additive manufacturing equipment which comprises a rack 1, wherein a first circular track 5, a laser cladding seat 2 and a second linear track 3 are sequentially arranged on the rack 1 from top to bottom, a laser cladding mechanism 8 is arranged on the laser cladding seat 2, and a switching connection mechanism for switching and connecting the first circular track 5 and the second linear track 3 is arranged on the laser cladding seat 2; the switching connection mechanism comprises a slide bar 7 connected to the laser cladding seat 2 in a sliding manner, a groove formed in the first circular track 5 and a support bar 6 connected to the groove in a sliding manner, a connection hole for the slide bar 7 to penetrate through is formed in the support bar 6, and a connecting piece for forming connection with the support bar 6 is installed on the slide bar 7; the connecting piece is arranged in the cavity and comprises a first wedge block 16 and a second wedge block 17 which are connected in the cavity in a sliding mode, the first wedge block 16 abuts against the second wedge block 17, a first spring is welded between the first wedge block 16 and the sliding rod 7, a second spring is welded between the second wedge block 17 and the sliding rod 7, the first wedge block 16 extends out of the upper end of the cavity, a supporting plate 15 is connected to the rack 1 above the first wedge block 16 in a sliding mode, a hydraulic cylinder is connected to the rack 1, an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the supporting plate 15 through bolts, the first wedge block 16 can abut against the supporting plate 15, the first wedge block 16 can slide on the supporting plate 15, rollers are arranged at the bottom of the sliding rod 7, the sliding rods 7 are symmetrical, the connecting holes in the supporting rod 6 are also symmetrical, and the two sliding rods 7 respectively penetrate through the corresponding connecting holes; a positioning seat 9 is connected on the frame 1 in a sliding manner, a positioning column 11 for positioning a workpiece is arranged on the positioning seat 9, and a transformation mechanism for transforming angles of the positioning framework is also arranged on the positioning seat 9; the changing mechanism is including fixing the spheroid piece 10 in positioning seat 9 bottom, it has the arc recess that is used for with spheroid piece 10 complex to open positioning column 11 bottom, fixedly connected with cross-section is the annular piece 13 of U-shaped on the positioning seat 9, sliding connection has annular rubber pad in the U-shaped groove of annular piece 13, be connected with the third spring between annular rubber pad and the annular piece 13U-shaped groove bottom, the laminating of annular rubber pad and positioning column 11, it has circular shape spout 21 to open on the position of surrounding positioning column 11 on the positioning seat 9, sliding connection has pusher dog 12 in the spout 21, pusher dog 12 includes the slide, slide sliding connection is in spout 21, be fixed with the cylinder on the slide, fixedly connected with circular arc push pedal on the output shaft of.

The specific implementation is as follows:

when a workpiece needs to be subjected to laser cladding, the tracks are firstly switched, if the second linear track 3 is switched to the first circular track 5, the two slide bars 7 slide upwards, the two slide bars 7 penetrate through the two connecting holes, the two first wedge blocks 16 abut against the abutting plate 15, the two slide bars 7 continue to move, the two first wedge blocks 16 slide into the cavities of the slide bars 7, the two first wedge blocks 16 push the two second wedge blocks 17 to slide out of the cavities, one part of the second wedge blocks 17 is reserved in the cavities, one part of the second wedge blocks 17 is in contact with the support rod 6, the two second wedge blocks 17 abut against each other, the support rod 6 supports the two second wedge blocks 17 to form stable connection, and the support rod 6 can drive the laser cladding seat 2 to move on the first circular track 5 through the slide bars 7; if the first circular track 5 is switched to the second linear track 3, the hydraulic cylinder is started, the hydraulic cylinder drives the abutting plate 15 to move upwards, the two first wedge blocks 16 will reset under the thrust of the first spring, the second spring pulls the second wedge block 17 to reset, the second wedge block 17 will be separated from the supporting rod 6, the two sliding rods 7 will slide down from the connecting hole, the roller will abut against the roller guide groove formed on the second linear track 3, the roller rotates to drive the laser cladding seat 2, moving in the second linear track 3, a support plate 4 can be welded on the second linear track 3, the support plate 4 is used for supporting the laser cladding seat 2, after the laser cladding seat 2 is connected with the first circular track 5, the laser cladding seat 2 is in clearance connection with the support plate 4, and the support plate 4 can be discontinuously arranged at the position where the laser cladding seat 2 is separated, so as to prevent the movement of the laser cladding seat 2 from being hindered.

After the track is switched, a workpiece needing laser cladding is positioned on the positioning column 11, then the sliding positioning seat 9 sends the workpiece to a proper position, the sliding seat slides, the sliding seat drives the push claw 12 to a proper position, the air cylinder is started, the air cylinder drives the arc-shaped push plate to move, the arc-shaped push plate pushes the positioning column 11 to incline by a certain angle, and the dead angle of the workpiece is exposed, so that the laser cladding mechanism 8 is convenient to operate.

Example two

See in particular fig. 1 and 3:

on the basis of the first embodiment, the differences from the first embodiment are as follows:

the upper end of the first wedge block 16 is fixedly connected with a magnetic suction block 20, the abutting plate 15 is fixedly connected with an annular magnetic suction block 19, the magnetic poles of the magnetic suction block 20 and the annular magnetic suction block 19 are opposite, the magnetic suction block 20 is connected to the annular magnetic suction block 19 in a sliding mode, two second wedge blocks 17 are fixedly connected with magnets 18 at opposite positions, the two second wedge blocks 17 slide out of the sliding rod 7 and abut against each other through the two magnets 18, and the magnetic poles of the two magnets 18 are opposite.

The specific implementation is as follows:

the first wedge block 16 is attracted with the annular magnetic attraction block 19 through the magnetic attraction block 20, when the sliding rod 7 moves, the magnetic attraction block 20 can slide on the annular magnetic attraction block 19, and the magnetic attraction block 20 and the annular magnetic attraction block 19 attract each other, so that the connection stability of the supporting rod 6 and the sliding rod 7 is enhanced, and the laser cladding seat 2 can run more stably; after the two second wedge blocks 17 slide out of the cavity, the second wedge blocks 17 are attracted and fixed through the magnets 18, so that the second wedge blocks 17 are more stable, the connection stability with the supporting rod 6 is improved, and the running stability is further improved.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a laser vibration material disk equips, includes the frame, has set gradually first shape track, laser cladding seat and second shape track from last to down in the frame, installs the laser cladding mechanism on the laser cladding seat, its characterized in that, installs on the laser cladding seat to be used for switching the switching coupling mechanism who connects at first shape track and second shape track.

2. The laser additive manufacturing equipment of claim 1, wherein a positioning base is slidably connected to the machine frame, a positioning column for positioning the workpiece is mounted on the positioning base, and a transformation mechanism for transforming the angle of the positioning frame is further mounted on the positioning base.

3. The laser additive manufacturing equipment of claim 1, wherein the switching connection mechanism comprises a slide bar slidably connected to the laser cladding base, a groove formed in the first shaped rail, and a support bar slidably connected in the groove, the support bar is provided with a connection hole for the slide bar to pass through, and the slide bar is provided with a connection piece for forming a connection with the support bar; the bottom of the slide bar is provided with a roller.

4. The laser additive manufacturing equipment of claim 3, wherein the slide rod is provided with a cavity communicated with the outside, the connecting member is arranged in the cavity, the connecting member comprises a first wedge block and a second wedge block which are slidably connected in the cavity, the first wedge block and the second wedge block abut against each other, a first spring is connected between the first wedge block and the slide rod, a second spring is connected between the second wedge block and the slide rod, the first wedge block extends out of the upper end of the cavity, the machine frame is slidably connected with a hydraulic cylinder, an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, the first wedge block can abut against the supporting plate, and the first wedge block can slide on the supporting plate.

5. The laser additive manufacturing equipment of claim 4, wherein a magnetic attraction block is fixedly connected to an upper end of the first wedge block, an annular magnetic attraction block is fixedly connected to the abutting plate, magnetic poles of the magnetic attraction block and the annular magnetic attraction block are opposite, and the magnetic attraction block is slidably connected to the annular magnetic attraction block.

6. The laser additive manufacturing equipment of claim 5, wherein the number of the sliding rods is two, the number of the connecting holes in the supporting rod is two, magnets are arranged at opposite positions of the two second wedge blocks, the two second wedge blocks slide out of the sliding rods and are abutted through the two magnets, and the magnetic poles of the two magnets are opposite.

7. The laser additive manufacturing equipment of claim 1, wherein the changing mechanism comprises a sphere block fixed at the bottom of a positioning seat, the positioning seat is provided with a positioning column for positioning the workpiece, the bottom of the positioning column is provided with an arc-shaped groove for matching with the sphere block, the positioning seat is fixedly connected with a ring block, the ring block is slidably connected with an elastic ring-shaped pad, a third spring is connected between the elastic ring-shaped pad and the ring block, the elastic ring-shaped pad is attached to the positioning column, and the positioning seat is slidably connected with a push claw around the positioning column.

8. The laser additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 7 wherein the cross-section of the annular block is U-shaped, the resilient annular pad is slidably connected within the U-shaped groove of the annular block, and the third spring is connected between the bottom of the U-shaped groove and the resilient annular pad.

9. The laser additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 8 wherein the resilient annular pad is a rubber annular pad.

10. The laser additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 9, wherein an end of the push claw near the positioning column is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped push plate matched with an outer wall of the positioning column.