CN112316320A - Gas mixing device, plateau gas distribution type respirator and oxygen supply method - Google Patents
Gas mixing device, plateau gas distribution type respirator and oxygen supply method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112316320A CN112316320A CN202011328087.7A CN202011328087A CN112316320A CN 112316320 A CN112316320 A CN 112316320A CN 202011328087 A CN202011328087 A CN 202011328087A CN 112316320 A CN112316320 A CN 112316320A
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
- A62B7/02—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air
- A62B7/04—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air and lung-controlled oxygen or air valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/02—Masks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
- A62B9/02—Valves
- A62B9/022—Breathing demand regulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/10—Mixing gases with gases
- B01F23/19—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Arrangements, e.g. comprising controlling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/71805—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using valves, gates, orifices or openings
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gas mixing device and a plateau gas distribution type respirator, wherein the gas mixing device comprises an air bag, the air bag is provided with an oxygen inlet, an air inlet and an air outlet, the oxygen inlet and the air inlet are both connected with a flow regulating device, and the air outlet is connected with an air bag one-way valve; the balloon has the capacity of elastically restoring the original volume; the plateau gas distribution type respirator comprises a gas mixing device, a fan, a mask and an oxygen source, wherein the mask is provided with a suction inlet and a exhalation port, the suction inlet is connected with the air bag one-way valve, and the exhalation port is provided with a mask one-way valve. The air mixing device provided by the invention mixes the breathing air in the breathing gap to obtain the breathing air with the partial pressure greater than the using natural oxygen, and the air bag one-way valve is opened only when the air mixing device inhales, so that the waste of oxygen is avoided, and the oxygen is greatly saved. The invention also discloses an oxygen supply method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a gas mixing device, a plateau gas distribution type respirator and an oxygen supply method.
Background
The human respiration process is that oxygen in air is dissolved in blood and then combined with hemoglobin, and then oxygen required for metabolism is provided for all tissues and organs of the whole body, and the solubility of oxygen in blood is proportional to the partial pressure of oxygen.
The atmospheric pressure in coastal areas is about 100 kpa, with a mole fraction (equal to volume fraction) of oxygen of 21% and nitrogen of 78%, so the partial pressure of oxygen is about 100 kpa x 21% ═ 21 kpa. Oxygen is partially dissolved in blood after being inhaled by a person, the partial pressure of oxygen in the artery is 11-13 kPa, and the venous blood is about 4-5 kPa. Generally, when the oxygen partial pressure of the inhaled gas is below 16 kpa, a person develops an anoxic symptom and becomes sluggish. Below 6 kpa, consciousness or even death begins to go unnoticed.
The plateau area has a relatively high altitude and a relatively low atmospheric pressure, and accordingly, the oxygen partial pressure is also low, for example, in the tibetan narqu area, the average altitude is 4507 m, the local atmospheric pressure is only 58.9kpa, and the oxygen partial pressure is only 12.4 kpa, which affects the health or work efficiency of the tibetan people to different degrees.
In the former, the oxygen supply method is mostly used in the plateau area to provide the oxygen supplement condition for people living in the room, for example, in the Naqu area, a 20 square meter relatively closed living room has a room volume of about 70 cubic meters, an oxygen partial pressure of 0.134ATA, and a room oxygen content of 9.38 cubic meters (volume under local atmospheric pressure), and if the oxygen partial pressure is adjusted to be equal to 0.21ATA in the coastal area, the room needs to be supplemented with 5.32 cubic meters of oxygen. Because the room is relatively sealed, even if the oxygen partial pressure of 0.21ATA is realized in the room, the oxygen in the room is dispersed to the outside of the room and rapidly drops, and if the oxygen partial pressure of 0.21ATA in the room is continuously maintained, oxygen needs to be continuously supplemented into the room. According to statistics, if a relatively closed room is kept with 0.21ATA in the room, 2-3 cubic meters of oxygen needs to be continuously supplemented into the room every hour on average. Such rooms require a 60-75 cubic meter supply of oxygen to the room around the clock to achieve oxygen partial pressure levels comparable to coastal areas.
Another oxygen increasing method is to use a mask to inhale oxygen, i.e. a user wears a mask to decompress oxygen in an oxygen bottle and then introduce the oxygen into the mask to increase the oxygen partial pressure in the mask, but the existing mask is generally provided with three through holes, wherein one through hole is connected with the oxygen bottle, and the other two through holes are directly communicated with the outside, and are used as an exhaust port of expiration and an air inlet, so that breathing gas of high-concentration oxygen is formed in the mask. The breathing process of a human is performed by alternately breathing out and breathing in, and the average breathing cycle of an adult is 3.7 seconds, wherein 1 second is the breathing process, 2.7 seconds is the breathing process, and the current mask continuously provides oxygen, namely, oxygen is supplied to people continuously in the process of breathing in or without breathing in. Regardless of the state of the oxygen supply device, the human body can only inhale oxygen in less than 1 second of inspiration and can not inhale oxygen in the non-inspiration process, and even oxygen is supplied, the oxygen can not be utilized by the human body, so the oxygen is wasted.
Therefore, on the premise of improving the respiratory quality of people, the technical personnel in the field always strive to overcome the problems of avoiding the waste of oxygen as much as possible and realizing the maximum utilization of the oxygen.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a gas mixing device, which solves the problem of oxygen waste caused in the oxygen supply and respiration process of the plateau.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gas mixing device comprises an air bag, wherein a first gas flow inlet, a second gas flow inlet and a gas flow outlet are arranged on the air bag, the first gas flow inlet is connected with a first flow regulating device, the second gas flow inlet is connected with a second flow regulating device, and the gas flow outlet is connected with an air bag one-way valve; the first airflow inlet is used for introducing oxygen or air, and the second airflow inlet is used for introducing air or oxygen; the air bag has elasticity and the capacity of restoring the original volume.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
when the air mixing device works normally, after air in the air mixing device is sucked away by a user, the air mixing device is in a negative pressure state relative to the outside, the check valve at the air flow outlet of the air mixing device is closed, air and oxygen are simultaneously introduced into the first air flow inlet and the second air flow inlet in the exhalation process of the user, the air and the oxygen are fully mixed in the air bag, the next inhalation of the user is waited, the optimal state when the user inhales next time is that the air amount in the air bag plus the inflating amount in the inhalation process is equal to the air amount required by the user for breathing once, therefore, the air mixing device is always in a negative pressure state relative to the outside air pressure, the check valve at the air flow outlet of the air mixing device is ensured to be opened only when the user inhales, the air mixing device mixes the mixed air with the oxygen in advance, and the user can breathe the breathing air with the oxygen partial pressure of 0.21, in the process of the exhalation of the user, the mixing device redistributes the air, and oxygen is not released outwards in the process, and the process is repeated, so that the maximum utilization of the oxygen is realized.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Preferably, a balloon expanding device is further provided, and the balloon expanding device is used for restoring the original volume of the balloon.
The air bag expansion device has the advantages that after the air is sucked by a user, the air bag is contracted, and under the condition that the air bag does not have the elastic force of restoring the original state, the air bag expansion device can assist the air bag to expand so as to restore the volume before air suction, so that a necessary negative pressure environment is formed in the air bag, the check valve at the air flow outlet is closed, and the overflow of oxygen is avoided.
Preferably, the balloon-expanding means is a spring provided in the balloon, and both ends of the spring are fixed to the opposite inner surfaces of the balloon, respectively.
The spring production process is mature, and the production cost is low.
Furthermore, the air bag expansion device also comprises a piston type guide rod, the piston type guide rod is arranged in the air bag, and the spring is sleeved on the piston type guide rod.
The further scheme has the beneficial effect that the spring arranged in the air bag is ensured to be compressed or expanded in a limited direction, and the spring cannot collapse due to the weight of the spring.
Preferably, the gasbag expanding unit is provided with a first hoop, a second hoop and a plurality of elastic ribs in the gasbag, the two ends of each elastic rib are fixed on the first hoop and the second hoop respectively to form a lantern-shaped elastic skeleton, and the gasbag is wrapped on the elastic skeleton.
The beneficial effect who adopts above-mentioned further scheme is that the user inhales the back, and the gasbag contracts, does not have the condition of resilience of reconversion at the gasbag itself, and the gasbag inflation can be assisted to the elasticity skeleton to restore to the volume before inhaling, this just forms necessary negative pressure environment in gasbag inside, makes the check valve of air outlet department close, avoids the excessive of oxygen.
Preferably, the air bag is further provided with a sampling port for collecting gas in the air bag for detection.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that, conveniently carry out sampling test, judge the component content of oxygen in the mist, and then judge whether oxygen partial pressure reaches the requirement.
A plateau air distribution type respirator is characterized by comprising a face mask, a fan and the air mixing device, wherein the face mask is provided with an air suction inlet and an air exhalation outlet, the air suction inlet is connected with an air bag one-way valve, and the air exhalation outlet is provided with a face mask one-way valve; and the air outlet of the fan is connected with the first flow regulating device or the second flow regulating device.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: when a user inhales, the mixed oxygen partial pressure in the complete air-mixing device can reach 0.21ATA breathing gas, when the user exhales, the exhaled air is discharged through an exhalation port on the mask, the air bag one-way valve is in a closed state, and the air-mixing device continuously performs air configuration in the process of the exhalation of the user so as to be used for the next breath. Through adjusting the air input of each air current entry unit interval of gas mixing device, can realize when the user next breathes in, the tolerance in the gas mixing device adds the gas charge of the in-process of breathing in and is the required tolerance of user's once breathing, from this, mix the interior relative external atmospheric pressure of gas mixing device, be in the negative pressure state all the time, guaranteed that the gasbag check valve only opens when the user breathes in, thereby realized the make full use of to oxygen, avoided the excessive waste of oxygen.
Preferably, the oxygen source comprises an oxygen bottle and/or an oxygen generator, and the air outlet of the oxygen source is connected with the second flow regulating device or the first flow regulating device.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that the oxygen amount carried by one time can be improved, and the continuous oxygen supply capability is greatly improved.
Preferably, the oxygen supply rate of the oxygen inlet per minute is
Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein,
in order to use the oxygen supply per minute under the ground air pressure environment, Q is the average inspiration per minute of the user,
is the partial pressure of oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure, PatmIs standard atmospheric pressure, PxIs the atmospheric pressure of the place of use.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is to ensure that the oxygen content in the gas mixing device is equivalent to the oxygen partial pressure in the coastal region.
Preferably, the air inlet has an air supply amount Q per minutekCalculated according to the following formula:
wherein Q is the average inspiratory capacity per minute of the user, QkIndicating the amount of air supplied per minute in an environment using atmospheric pressure,
the oxygen supply amount per minute under the environment of using the ground pressure is used.
The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that guarantee that the tolerance in the gas mixing device is equivalent to the tolerance required by the user's breathing.
A plateau gas distribution type oxygen supply method is based on the plateau gas distribution type respirator and comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the atmospheric pressure P of the place of usexAverage inspiratory capacity Q of the individual per minute, calculating the amount of oxygen to be replenished per minute when the target oxygen partial pressure is achieved at the point of use
And the amount of air Q to be replenished per minutek，
S2, adjusting the oxygen supply amount per minute to
Adjusting air supply volume per minute to Qk；
S3, waiting for the plateau gas-distributing respirator to operate for at least 2 seconds;
and S4, carrying the mask to breathe normally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a gas mixing device in accordance with embodiment 1;
FIG. 1-1 is a schematic view of a structure of a contraction rod in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a gas mixing device in accordance with embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a piston type guide rod in embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a plateau air-distributing respirator of embodiment 4;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the mask in example 4.
In the drawings, the parts names represented by the respective reference numerals are listed as follows:
1. a sampling port; 2. an airflow outlet; 3. an air tube; 4. a face mask; 4-1, a suction inlet; 4-2, call out; 5. an air bag check valve; 6. an oxygen cylinder; 7. an air bag; 8. an oxygen flow valve; 9. an oxygen inlet; 10. an air flow valve; 11. an air inlet; 12. a seal ring; 13. a spring; 13', elastic ribs; 13' -1, an upper hoop; 13' -2, a lower hoop ring; 14. a fan; 15. shrinking the rod; 15-1, a first air flow channel; 15-2, a second airflow channel; 15-3, vent holes; 15-4, a limit convex ring; 16. a piston-type guide rod; 16-1, a first guide part; 16-2, a second guide part; 16-3, air holes; 16-4 and an airbag clamping part.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas mixing device according to the present invention. The gas mixing device comprises an air bag 7, a first gas flow inlet (arranged as an air inlet 11), a second gas flow inlet (arranged as an oxygen inlet 9), a gas flow outlet 2 and a sampling port 1, wherein the air flow valve 10 is connected to the air inlet 11, the oxygen flow valve is connected to the oxygen inlet 9, and the air flow valve 10 is connected with a fan 14; the gas flow outlet 2 is connected with a one-way valve, and the sampling port 1 is used for collecting gas in the air bag for detection;
and a contraction rod 15 is further arranged, as shown in fig. 1-1, the contraction rod 15 is a cylinder, two ends of the contraction rod 15 are respectively provided with a first airflow channel 15-1 and a second airflow channel 15-2 along the axial direction, a partition plate is arranged between the first airflow channel 15-1 and the second airflow channel 15-2, the first airflow channel 15-1 is connected with the sampling port 1, and the second airflow channel 15-2 is connected with the oxygen inlet 9. The main body of the contraction rod 15 is arranged in the air bag, a plurality of vent holes 15-3 are radially arranged on the contraction rod 15, and the vent holes 15-3 are communicated with the first air flow channel 15-1 and the second air flow channel 15-2; one end provided with a first air flow channel 15-1 is fixed on the air bag, one end provided with a second air flow channel 15-2 is connected with the air bag in a sliding and air-tight mode through a sealing ring 12, and a limiting convex ring 15-4 is further arranged on the contraction rod 15 and used for limiting the sliding range of the sealing ring 12. A spring 13 is arranged in the air bag, the spring 13 is sleeved on the retraction rod 15, one end of the spring 13 is fixed on the air bag, and the other end of the spring 13 is fixed on the sealing ring 12, so that the air bag has the capacity of recovering the original volume.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the balloon expanding device is an upper hoop 13 '-1, a lower hoop 13' -2 and a plurality of elastic ribs 13 'arranged in the balloon, wherein two ends of the plurality of elastic ribs 13' are respectively fixed on the upper hoop 13 '-1 and the lower hoop 13' -2 to form a lantern-shaped elastic skeleton, and the balloon is wrapped on the elastic skeleton, so that the balloon has the capability of restoring the original volume.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 3, different from embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the retracting rod 15 in embodiment 1 is replaced with a piston-type guide rod 16, the piston-type guide rod 16 includes a first guide portion 16-1 and a second guide portion 16-2, the first guide portion 16-1 and the second guide portion 16-2 are sleeved together to form a piston-like structure, one end of the first guide portion 16-1 is a sampling port 1, one end of the second guide portion 16-2 is an oxygen inlet 9, the first guide portion 16-1 and the second guide portion 16-2 are both provided with an air hole 16-3, the piston-type guide rod 16 is further provided with an air bag clamping portion 16-4, and the piston-type guide rod is connected with the air bag in a sealing manner through the air bag clamping portion. The spring is sleeved on the piston type guide rod.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 4-5, a highland gas distribution type respirator is based on the gas mixing device described in embodiment 1, and further includes a mask 4 and an oxygen cylinder 6, an outlet of the oxygen cylinder 6 is connected with a pressure reducing valve, the pressure reducing valve is connected with an oxygen inlet 9 of the gas mixing device, the mask 4 is provided with a suction port 4-1 and a exhalation port 4-2, the suction port is connected with an airflow outlet 2 of the gas mixing device through an air pipe 3, and the exhalation port 4-2 is connected with a one-way valve.
Assuming that the user's tidal volume (i.e., the amount of air inhaled per breath) is 500ml, 20 breaths per minute are averaged, with 1s inspiration and 2.7s expiration per breath.
When a user breathes normally, 10L of air is needed every minute, the air pressure is approximate to the standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3kpa in a coastal area, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.21ATA, and 2.1L of oxygen (under the standard atmospheric pressure) is contained in 10L of air inhaled by the user; in the case of the tibetan narqu region at an altitude of 4507 m, the local air pressure is 58.9kpa, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.12ATA, the oxygen content in the same 10L of air corresponds to 1.24L at standard atmospheric pressure, and if the user wants to breathe oxygen corresponding to the coastal region, 2.1-1.24-0.86L of oxygen (standard atmospheric pressure) needs to be supplemented, and 0.86L/0.589-1.46L corresponds to the narqu region. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,
in order to use the oxygen supply per minute under the ground air pressure environment, Q is the average inspiration per minute of the user,
is the partial pressure of oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure, PatmIs standard atmospheric pressure, PxIs the atmospheric pressure of the place of use.
From the above calculation, it was confirmed that, when the present apparatus is used in the narqu region, in order to obtain the oxygen partial pressure corresponding to the coastal region, 1.46L of oxygen is required to be supplemented per minute (in the barometric environment of the narqu region), the oxygen flow valve 8 is first adjusted to control the oxygen flow rate to 1.46L/min, and then, since the user needs to breathe 10L of air per minute, the air flow valve 10 is adjusted to allow the fan 14 to supply 10-1.46 to 8.54L of air per minute, whereby the air supplied from the fan 14 and the oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder 6 are charged into the air mixing apparatus 7 and mixed in the above ratio, and the air corresponding to the oxygen partial pressure of the coastal region can be obtained. When the volume of the air mixing device 7 is set to be 500ml which is equivalent to the tidal volume of the user, the air in the air mixing device 7 is completely sucked away in the previous air suction process of the air mixing device 7, the air mixing device 7 contracts, after the air suction of the user is stopped, the one-way valve at the airflow outlet 2 of the air mixing device 7 is closed, the air mixing device 7 is restored to the original 500ml volume under the action of the spring 13, so that negative pressure relative to the outside is formed inside the air mixing device 7, on the premise that the air pressure in the air mixing device 7 is not higher than the outside air pressure, the air and the oxygen which are continuously supplied into the air mixing device 7 by the fan 14 and the oxygen bottle 6 are temporarily stored in the air mixing device 7 without overflowing, and because the expiration time of the user is 2.7s, in the period, the flow rate set by the fan 14 and the oxygen bottle 6 is not enough to fill the air bag to be higher than the outside air pressure, and under an ideal internal pressure state, when the air pressure in the air mixing device 7 is balanced with the external air pressure, the air mixing device is just the start of the inspiration time in the next breath, therefore, the device can make full use of the oxygen in the oxygen bottle 6, and the oxygen cannot leak and be wasted in the expiration process of a user.
If a 2L oxygen cylinder 6 is arranged, the working pressure is 15Mpa, oxygen under the standard atmospheric pressure of 300L can be contained at one time, in the area with the altitude of 4500 m (the atmospheric pressure is 58.9kpa, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.12ATA), the oxygen cylinder can be used by a normal adult for 348 minutes continuously, in the area with the altitude of 3000 m (the atmospheric pressure is 67.2kpa, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.14ATA), the oxygen cylinder can be used for 434 minutes continuously, the oxygen consumption is only 1/70-1/50 of the traditional dispersive oxygen supply, the oxygen consumption is greatly saved, and the waste is avoided.
A plateau gas distribution type oxygen supply method is based on the plateau gas distribution type respirator and comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the atmospheric pressure P of the place of usexAverage inspiratory capacity Q of the individual per minute, calculating the amount of oxygen to be replenished per minute when the target oxygen partial pressure is achieved at the point of use
And the amount of air Q to be replenished per minutek，
S2, adjusting the oxygen supply amount per minute to
Adjusting air supply volume per minute to Qk；
S3, waiting for the plateau gas-distributing respirator to operate for at least 2 seconds;
and S4, carrying the mask to breathe normally.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The gas mixing device is characterized by comprising an air bag, wherein the air bag has elasticity, a first gas flow inlet, a second gas flow inlet and a gas flow outlet are arranged on the air bag, the first gas flow inlet is connected with a first flow regulating device, the second gas flow inlet is connected with a second flow regulating device, and the gas flow outlet is connected with an air bag one-way valve; the first airflow inlet is used for introducing oxygen or air, and the second airflow inlet is used for introducing air or oxygen.
2. The gas mixing device according to claim 1, further comprising a balloon-expanding device for restoring the balloon to its original volume.
3. The gas mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the balloon-expanding device comprises a spring disposed inside the balloon, both ends of the spring being fixed to opposite inner surfaces of the balloon, respectively.
4. The gas mixing device according to claim 3, wherein the balloon expansion device further comprises a piston-type guide rod, the piston-type guide rod is arranged in the balloon, and the spring is sleeved on the piston-type guide rod.
5. The gas mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the balloon expansion device is a lantern-shaped elastic skeleton arranged in the balloon, the lantern-shaped elastic skeleton comprises a first hoop, a second hoop and a plurality of elastic ribs arranged in the balloon, two ends of the plurality of elastic ribs are respectively fixed on the first hoop and the second hoop to form the lantern-shaped elastic skeleton, and the balloon is wrapped on the elastic skeleton.
6. The gas mixing device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the air bag is further provided with a sampling port for collecting gas in the air bag for detection.
7. A plateau air distribution type respirator, which is characterized by comprising a face mask, a fan and the air mixing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the face mask is provided with an air suction port and an air exhaling port, the air suction port is connected with the air bag one-way valve, and the air exhaling port is provided with a face mask one-way valve; and the air outlet of the fan is connected with the first flow regulating device or the second flow regulating device.
8. The plateau breathing apparatus of claim 7, further comprising an oxygen source including an oxygen cylinder and/or an oxygen generator, the oxygen source having an outlet connected to the second or first flow regulating device.
9. The plateau breathing apparatus of claim 7 wherein the oxygen supply is per minute
Calculated according to the following formula:
air supply quantity per minute QkCalculated according to the following formula:
wherein, among others,
in order to use the oxygen supply per minute under the ground air pressure environment, Q is the average inspiration per minute of the user,
is the partial pressure of oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure, PatmIs standard atmospheric pressure, PxAtmospheric pressure, Q, for the place of usekIndicating the amount of air supplied per minute in an atmospheric environment of use.
10. A plateau gas-distribution type oxygen supply method, which is based on the plateau gas-distribution type respirator of any one of claims 7 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the atmospheric pressure P of the place of usexAverage inspiratory capacity per minute Q of the individual, calculating the required replenishment per minute to achieve the target oxygen partial pressure at the point of useAmount of oxygen (c)
And the amount of air Q to be replenished per minutek，
S2, adjusting the oxygen supply amount per minute to
Adjusting air supply volume per minute to Qk；
S3, waiting for the plateau gas-distributing respirator to operate for at least 2 seconds;
and S4, carrying the mask to breathe normally.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011328087.7A CN112316320A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Gas mixing device, plateau gas distribution type respirator and oxygen supply method |
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| CN202011328087.7A CN112316320A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Gas mixing device, plateau gas distribution type respirator and oxygen supply method |
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